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Zhovtis Ryerson L, Frohman TC, Foley J, Kister I, Weinstock-Guttman B, Tornatore C, Pandey K, Donnelly S, Pawate S, Bomprezzi R, Smith D, Kolb C, Qureshi S, Okuda D, Kalina J, Rimler Z, Green R, Monson N, Hoyt T, Bradshaw M, Fallon J, Chamot E, Bucello M, Beh S, Cutter G, Major E, Herbert J, Frohman EM. Extended interval dosing of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:885-9. [PMID: 26917698 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-312940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natalizumab (NTZ), a monoclonal antibody to human α4β1/β7 integrin, is an effective therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), albeit associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Clinicians have been extending the dose of infusions with a hypothesis of reducing PML risk. The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical consequences of reducing NTZ frequency of infusion up to 8 weeks 5 days. METHODS A retrospective chart review in 9 MS centres was performed in order to identify patients treated with extended interval dosing (EID) regimens of NTZ. Patients were stratified into 3 groups based on EID NTZ treatment schedule in individual centres: early extended dosing (EED; n=249) every 4 weeks 3 days to 6 weeks 6 days; late extended dosing (LED; n=274) every 7 weeks to 8 weeks 5 days; variable extended dosing (n=382) alternating between EED and LED. These groups were compared with patients on standard interval dosing (SID; n=1093) every 4 weeks. RESULTS 17% of patients on SID had new T2 lesions compared with 14% in EID (p=0.02); 7% of patients had enhancing T1 lesions in SID compared with 9% in EID (p=0.08); annualised relapse rate was 0.14 in the SID group, and 0.09 in the EID group. No evidence of clinical or radiographic disease activity was observed in 62% of SID and 61% of EID patients (p=0.83). No cases of PML were observed in EID group compared with 4 cases in SID cohort. CONCLUSIONS Dosing intervals up to 8 weeks 5 days did not diminish effectiveness of NTZ therapy. Further monitoring is ongoing to evaluate if the risk of PML is reduced in patients on EID.
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Cwiklinski K, O'Neill SM, Donnelly S, Dalton JP. A prospective view of animal and human Fasciolosis. Parasite Immunol 2016; 38:558-68. [PMID: 27314903 PMCID: PMC5053257 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis, a food-borne trematodiasis, results following infection with the parasites, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. These trematodes greatly affect the global agricultural community, infecting millions of ruminants worldwide and causing annual economic losses in excess of US $3 billion. Fasciolosis, an important zoonosis, is classified by WHO as a neglected tropical disease with an estimated 17 million people infected and a further 180 million people at risk of infection. The significant impact on agriculture and human health together with the increasing demand for animal-derived food products to support global population growth demonstrate that fasciolosis is a major One Health problem. This review details the problematic issues surrounding fasciolosis control, including drug resistance, lack of diagnosis and the threat that hybridization of the Fasciola species poses to future animal and human health. We discuss how these parasites may mediate their long-term survival through regulation and modulation of the host immune system, by altering the host immune homeostasis and/or by influencing the intestinal microbiome particularly in respect to concurrent infections with other pathogens. Large genome, transcriptome and proteomic data sets are now available to support an integrated One Health approach to develop novel diagnostic and control strategies for both animal and human disease.
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Adams PN, Aldridge A, Vukman KV, Donnelly S, O'Neill SM. Fasciola hepatica tegumental antigens indirectly induce an M2 macrophage-like phenotype in vivo. Parasite Immunol 2014; 36:531-9. [PMID: 25039932 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The M2 subset of macrophages has a critical role to play in host tissue repair, tissue fibrosis and modulation of adaptive immunity during helminth infection. Infection with the helminth, Fasciola hepatica, is associated with M2 macrophages in its mammalian host, and this response is mimicked by its excretory-secretory products (FhES). The tegumental coat of F. hepatica (FhTeg) is another major source of immune-modulatory molecules; we have previously shown that FhTeg can modulate the activity of both dendritic cells and mast cells inhibiting their ability to prime a Th1 immune response. Here, we report that FhTeg does not induce Th2 immune responses but can induce M2-like phenotype in vivo that modulates cytokine production from CD4(+) cells in response to anti-CD3 stimulation. FhTeg induces a RELMα expressing macrophage population in vitro, while in vivo, the expression of Arg1 and Ym-1/2 but not RELMα in FhTeg-stimulated macrophages was STAT6 dependent. To support this finding, FhTeg induces RELMα expression in vivo prior to the induction of IL-13. FhTeg can induce IL-13-producing peritoneal macrophages following intraperitoneal injection This study highlights the important role of FhTeg as an immune-modulatory source during F. hepatica infection and sheds further light on helminth-macrophage interactions.
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Sugrue G, Durcan L, Bell L, Bolster F, Donnelly S, Kavanagh E. Unsuspected cardiovascular involvement in relapsing polychondritis: a case of aortitis with critical coronary artery stenosis secondary to relapsing polychondritis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 7:409-11. [PMID: 24642923 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.113.001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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McCarthy EM, Smith S, Lee RZ, Cunnane G, Doran MF, Donnelly S, Howard D, O'Connell P, Kearns G, Ní Gabhann J, Jefferies CA. The association of cytokines with disease activity and damage scores in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1586-94. [PMID: 24706988 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of SLE in a genetically homogeneous Caucasian SLE patient population. METHODS Serum levels of the following cytokines were determined by ELISA in SLE patients (diagnosed as per ACR diagnostic criteria): IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12p70 and TNF-α. Demographic data, disease activity as per the SLEDAI and damage scores (SLICC) at the 5-year follow-up were calculated. RESULTS Enhanced production of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-10 were observed in SLE patients compared with controls. A strong positive correlation was seen between levels of IL-12p70 and IL-10. In addition, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-1 demonstrated a significant relationship with disease activity. Interestingly, elevated levels of IL-10 were observed in SLE patients with CNS involvement while patients with elevated levels of TNF-α were more likely to have renal involvement and sustain damage over the follow-up period. Additionally, the ratio of all cytokines assayed to IL-12p70 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients when compared with controls, with an association seen between damage accrual and the IL-1β/IL-12p70 ratio (r = 0.431, P = 0.003), IL-10/IL-12p70 ratio (r = 0.351, P = 0.018) and TNF-α/IL-12p70 ratio (r = 0.33, P = 0.028). When the respective ratios were analysed for organ-specific disease, significant differences were observed for the IL-1β/IL-12p70 ratio (0.79 vs 0.47, P = 0.036), IL-10/IL-12p70 ratio (4.29 vs 1.87, P = 0.018) and TNF-α/IL-12p70 ratio (7.49 vs 5.21, P = 0.018) with respect to renal involvement. CONCLUSION Increased levels of a number of immunomodulatory cytokines relative to IL-12p70 in this Caucasian SLE patient population are seen in patients with renal involvement and are associated with increased accrual of damage at the 5-year follow-up.
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McCarthy EM, MacMullan PA, Al-Mudhaffer S, Madigan A, Donnelly S, McCarthy CJ, Molloy ES, Kenny D, McCarthy GM. Plasma Fibrinogen Along with Patient-reported Outcome Measures Enhances Management of Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Prospective Study. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:931-7. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.131055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective.We sought to prospectively examine the responsiveness of a number of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), as well as their relationship to the biomarkers erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and plasma fibrinogen.Methods.Sixty patients with PMR were divided into active (n = 25) or inactive (n = 35) disease groups based on symptoms; physician assessment; and the biomarkers ESR, CRP, and plasma fibrinogen. Groups underwent assessment at baseline and 6 weeks. Disease activity measures and relevant PRO measures were recorded. Measures of responsiveness were compared for all PRO and biomarkers.Results.Visual analog scale disease activity (VASDA) and VAS quality of life (VASQOL) are more responsive to change in disease activity than VAS pain, morning stiffness, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and PMR-activity score (AS). Analysis of PMR-AS versus VASDA, VASQOL, and HAQ showed correlation coefficients of 0.87 (p < 0.001), 0.80 (p < 0.001), and 0.68 (p < 0.001), respectively. Receiver-operating curve (ROC) analysis revealed VASDA to be more specific than either HAQ (0.95 vs 0.85; p < 0.001) or VASQOL (0.95 vs 0.93; p < 0.001) for the detection of response to treatment in active PMR. Overall, fibrinogen showed superior correlation coefficients with the various PRO than either of the standard biomarkers ESR or CRP. In addition, standardized response means for fibrinogen, ESR, and CRP were 1.63, 1.2, and 1.05, respectively, indicating that plasma fibrinogen was the most responsive biomarker for assessment of change in disease activity.Conclusion.VASDA and VASQOL are the most responsive PRO to changes in disease activity in PMR. In addition, plasma fibrinogen demonstrated greater responsiveness to changes in disease activity and superior correlation with the various PRO measures recorded than did the standard biomarkers ESR and CRP.
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Zevallos VF, Herencia LI, Chang F, Donnelly S, Ellis HJ, Ciclitira PJ. Gastrointestinal effects of eating quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in celiac patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2014; 109:270-8. [PMID: 24445568 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2013.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Celiac disease is an enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten found in wheat, rye, and barley. Treatment involves a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Quinoa is a highly nutritive plant from the Andes that has been recommended as part of a GFD. However, in-vitro data suggested that quinoa prolamins can stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses in celiac patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the in-vivo effects of eating quinoa in adult celiac patients. METHODS Nineteen treated celiac patients consumed 50 g of quinoa every day for 6 weeks as part of their usual GFD. We evaluated diet, serology, and gastrointestinal parameters. Furthermore, we carried out detail histological assessment of 10 patients before and after eating quinoa. RESULTS Gastrointestinal parameters were normal. The ratio of villus height to crypt depth improved from slightly below normal values (2.8:1) to normal levels (3:1), surface-enterocyte cell height improved from 28.76 to 29.77 μm and the number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes decreased from 30.3 to 29.7. Median values for all the blood tests remained within normal ranges, although total cholesterol (n=19) decreased from 4.6 to 4.3 mmol/l, low-density lipoprotein decreased from 2.46 to 2.45 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein decreased from 1.8 to 1.68 mmol/l and triglycerides decreased from 0.80 to 0.79 mmol/l. CONCLUSIONS Addition of quinoa to the GFD of celiac patients was well tolerated and did not exacerbate the condition. There was a positive trend toward improved histological and serological parameters, particularly a mild hypocholesterolemic effect. Overall, this is the first clinical data suggesting that daily 50 g of quinoa for 6 weeks can be safely tolerated by celiac patients. However, further studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of quinoa consumption.
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Donnelly S, Dickson M. Relatives' matched with staff's experience of the moment of death in a tertiary referral hospital. QJM 2013; 106:731-6. [PMID: 23613596 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the majority of deaths occur in hospital it has been suggested that dying in hospital is largely a negative experience. AIM To explore the experience of relatives and staff of patients dying in hospital using qualitative grounded theory. METHODS Patients receiving palliative care were identified who were likely to die in hospital. Family members were met by the researcher prior to the patient's death. The ward nurse and doctor (excluding palliative care team) most involved at that time were interviewed within 48 h of the death. The family were interviewed 2 weeks later. Interviewees described their experience of the patient's dying and death. Recruitment and thematic analysis of interviews occurred concurrently. RESULTS Twelve triads over 6 months (relative, nurse and doctor) were interviewed in relation to 12 patients. Dying patients and families need a guide to attend to their needs. Every detail is remembered by the family who take up residence in the hospital. Families value acts of kindness by staff. Hospital may offer benefits for the dying patient and family. However, there are gaps in care identified by families and staff. After death is critical time for the family. Junior doctors are often uncertain of their role, expressing grief and guilt. Young nurses inexperienced in care of dying patients value support and guidance by senior colleagues. CONCLUSION Leadership from nursing and medical staff is required for seamless provision of competent and compassionate care at this life changing time for grieving families.
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McCarthy EM, Ni Gabhann J, Byrne JC, Stacey K, Coffey B, Smith S, Mahony R, de Chaumont C, Mongey AB, Molloy ES, Donnelly S, Howard D, O’Connell P, Kearns G, Jefferies CA. AB0029 Characterising monocyte responses to toll-like receptors in irish sle patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mccarthy EM, Ni Gabhann J, Byrne JC, Stacey K, Coffey B, Smith S, Mahony R, de Chaumont C, Mongey AB, Molloy ES, Donnelly S, Howard D, O’Connell P, Kearns G, Jefferies CA. FRI0264 Resting and activated nk cell function in sle patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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McCarthy E, MacMullan P, Al-Mudhaffer S, Madigan A, Donnelly S, McCarthy C, Molloy E, McCarthy G. FRI0224 Plasma fibrinogen is an accurate marker of disease activity in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica:. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cornell P, Trehane A, Thompson P, Rahmeh F, Greenwood M, Baqai TJ, Cambridge S, Shaikh M, Rooney M, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Ryan S, Kamath S, Hassell A, McCuish WJ, Bearne L, Mackenzie-Green B, Price E, Williamson L, Collins D, Tang E, Hayes J, McLoughlin YM, Chamberlain V, Campbell S, Shah P, McKenna F, Cornell P, Westlake S, Thompson P, Richards S, Homer D, Gould E, Empson B, Kemp P, Richards AG, Walker J, Taylor S, Bari SF, Alachkar M, Rajak R, Lawson T, O'Sullivan M, Samant S, Butt S, Gadsby K, Flurey CA, Morris M, Hughes R, Pollock J, Richards P, Hewlett S, Edwards KR, Rowe I, Sanders T, Dunn K, Konstantinou K, Hay E, Jones LE, Adams J, White P, Donovan-Hall M, Hislop K, Barbosa Boucas S, Nichols VP, Williamson EM, Toye F, Lamb SE, Rodham K, Gavin J, Watts L, Coulson N, Diver C, Avis M, Gupta A, Ryan SJ, Stangroom S, Pearce JM, Byrne J, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Taylor J, Morris M, Dures E, Hewlett S, Wilson A, Adams J, Larkin L, Kennedy N, Gallagher S, Fraser AD, Shrestha P, Batley M, Koduri G, Scott DL, Flurey CA, Morris M, Hughes R, Pollock J, Richards P, Hewlett S, Kumar K, Raza K, Nightingale P, Horne R, Chapman S, Greenfield S, Gill P, Ferguson AM, Ibrahim F, Scott DL, Lempp H, Tierney M, Fraser A, Kennedy N, Barbosa Boucas S, Hislop K, Dziedzic K, Arden N, Burridge J, Hammond A, Stokes M, Lewis M, Gooberman-Hill R, Coales K, Adams J, Nutland H, Dean A, Laxminarayan R, Gates L, Bowen C, Arden N, Hermsen L, Terwee CB, Leone SS, vd Zwaard B, Smalbrugge M, Dekker J, vd Horst H, Wilkie R, Ferguson AM, Nicky Thomas V, Lempp H, Cope A, Scott DL, Simpson C, Weinman J, Agarwal S, Kirkham B, Patel A, Ibrahim F, Barn R, Brandon M, Rafferty D, Sturrock R, Turner D, Woodburn J, Rafferty D, Paul L, Marshall R, Gill J, McInnes I, Roderick Porter D, Woodburn J, Hennessy K, Woodburn J, Steultjens M, Siddle HJ, Hodgson RJ, Hensor EM, Grainger AJ, Redmond A, Wakefield RJ, Helliwell PS, Hammond A, Rayner J, Law RJ, Breslin A, Kraus A, Maddison P, Thom JM, Newcombe LW, Woodburn J, Porter D, Saunders S, McCarey D, Gupta M, Turner D, McGavin L, Freeburn R, Crilly A, Lockhart JC, Ferrell WR, Goodyear C, Ledingham J, Waterman T, Berkin L, Nicolaou M, Watson P, Lillicrap M, Birrell F, Mooney J, Merkel PA, Poland F, Spalding N, Grayson P, Leduc R, Shereff D, Richesson R, Watts RA, Roussou E, Thapper M, Bateman J, Allen M, Kidd J, Parsons N, Davies D, Watt KA, Scally MD, Bosworth A, Wilkinson K, Collins S, Jacklin CB, Ball SK, Grosart R, Marks J, Litwic AE, Sriranganathan MK, Mukherjee S, Khurshid MA, Matthews SM, Hall A, Sheeran T, Baskar S, Muether M, Mackenzie-Green B, Hetherington A, Wickrematilake G, Williamson L, Daniels LE, Gwynne CE, Khan A, Lawson T, Clunie G, Stephenson S, Gaffney K, Belsey J, Harvey NC, Clarke-Harris R, Murray R, Costello P, Garrett E, Holbrook J, Teh AL, Wong J, Dogra S, Barton S, Davies L, Inskip H, Hanson M, Gluckman P, Cooper C, Godfrey K, Lillycrop K, Anderton T, Clarke S, Rao Chaganti S, Viner N, Seymour R, Edwards MH, Parsons C, Ward K, Thompson J, Prentice A, Dennison E, Cooper C, Clark E, Cumming M, Morrison L, Gould VC, Tobias J, Holroyd CR, Winder N, Osmond C, Fall C, Barker D, Ring S, Lawlor D, Tobias J, Davey Smith G, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Toms TE, Afreedi S, Salt K, Roskell S, Passey K, Price T, Venkatachalam S, Sheeran T, Davies R, Southwood TR, Kearsley-Fleet L, Hyrich KL, Kingsbury D, Quartier P, Patel G, Arora V, Kupper H, Mozaffarian N, Kearsley-Fleet L, Baildam E, Beresford MW, Davies R, Foster HE, Mowbray K, Southwood TR, Thomson W, Hyrich KL, Saunders E, Baildam E, Chieng A, Davidson J, Foster H, Gardner-Medwin J, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, McErlane F, Beresford M, Baildam E, Chieng SE, Davidson J, Foster HE, Gardner-Medwin J, Lunt M, Wedderburn L, Thomson W, Hyrich K, Rooney M, Finnegan S, Gibson DS, Borg FA, Bale PJ, Armon K, Cavelle A, Foster HE, McDonagh J, Bale PJ, Armon K, Wu Q, Pesenacker AM, Stansfield A, King D, Barge D, Abinun M, Foster HE, Wedderburn L, Stanley K, Morrissey D, Parsons S, Kuttikat A, Shenker N, Garrood T, Medley S, Ferguson AM, Keeling D, Duffort P, Irving K, Goulston L, Culliford D, Coakley P, Taylor P, Hart D, Spector T, Hakim A, Arden N, Mian A, Garrood T, Magan T, Chaudhary M, Lazic S, Sofat N, Thomas MJ, Moore A, Roddy E, Peat G, Rees F, Lanyon P, Jordan N, Chaib A, Sangle S, Tungekar F, Sabharwal T, Abbs I, Khamashta M, D'Cruz D, Dzifa Dey I, Isenberg DA, Chin CW, Cheung C, Ng M, Gao F, Qiong Huang F, Thao Le T, Yong Fong K, San Tan R, Yin Wong T, Julian T, Parker B, Al-Husain A, Yvonne Alexander M, Bruce I, Jordan N, Abbs I, D'cruz D, McDonald G, Miguel L, Hall C, Isenberg DA, Magee A, Butters T, Jury E, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Yee CS, Toescu V, Hickman R, Leung MH, Situnayake D, Bowman S, Gordon C, Lazarus MN, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein M, Carter LM, Isenberg DA, Ehrenstein MR, Chanchlani N, Gayed M, Yee CS, Gordon C, Ball E, Rooney M, Bell A, Reynolds JA, Ray DW, O'Neill T, Alexander Y, Bruce I, Sutton EJ, Watson KD, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Gordon C, Yee CS, Lanyon P, Jayne D, Akil M, D'Cruz D, Khamashta M, Lutalo P, Erb N, Prabu A, Edwards CJ, Youssef H, McHugh N, Vital E, Amft N, Griffiths B, Teh LS, Zoma A, Bruce I, Durrani M, Jordan N, Sangle S, D'Cruz D, Pericleous C, Ruiz-Limon P, Romay-Penabad Z, Carrera-Marin A, Garza-Garcia A, Murfitt L, Driscoll PC, Giles IP, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Pierangeli SS, Ripoll VM, Lambrianides A, Heywood WE, Ioannou J, Giles IP, Rahman A, Stevens C, Dures E, Morris M, Knowles S, Hewlett S, Marshall R, Reddy V, Croca S, Gerona D, De La Torre Ortega I, Isenberg DA, Leandro M, Cambridge G, Reddy V, Cambridge G, Isenberg DA, Glennie M, Cragg M, Leandro M, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Croca SC, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Artim Esen B, Pericleous C, MacKie I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Isenberg DA, Giles I, Skeoch S, Haque S, Pemberton P, Bruce I. BHPR: Audit and Clinical Evaluation * 103. Dental Health in Children and Young Adults with Inflammatory Arthritis: Access to Dental Care. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Karrar S, Shiwen X, Nikotorowicz-Buniak J, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton R, Bayley R, Kite KA, Clay E, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Ye L, Zhang L, Goodall J, Gaston H, Xu H, Lutalo PM, Zhao Y, Meng Choong L, Sangle S, Spencer J, D'Cruz D, Rysnik OJ, McHugh K, Bowness P, Rump-Goodrich L, Mattey D, Kehoe O, Middleton J, Cartwright A, Schmutz C, Askari A, Middleton J, Gardner DH, Jeffery LE, Raza K, Sansom DM, Clay E, Bayley R, Fitzpatrick M, Wallace G, Young S, Shaw J, Hatano H, Cauli A, Giles JL, McHugh K, Mathieu A, Bowness P, Kollnberger S, Webster S, Ellis L, O'Brien LM, Fitzmaurice TJ, Gaston H, Goodall J, Nazeer Moideen A, Evans L, Osgood L, Williams A, Jones S, Thomas C, O'Donnell V, Nowell M, Ouboussad L, Savic S, Dickie LJ, Hintze J, Wong CH, Cook GP, Buch M, Emery P, McDermott MF, Hardcastle SA, Gregson CL, Deere K, Davey Smith G, Dieppe P, Tobias JH, Dennison E, Edwards M, Bennett J, Coggon D, Palmer K, Cooper C, McWilliams D, Young A, Kiely PD, Walsh D, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Blom A, Tobias J, Clark E, Parker J, Bukhari M, McWilliams D, Jayakumar K, Young A, Kiely P, Walsh D, Diffin J, Lunt M, Marshall T, Chipping J, Symmons D, Verstappen S, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Tobias J, Clark E, Bluett J, Bowes J, Ho P, McHugh N, Buden D, Fitzgerald O, Barton A, Glossop JR, Nixon NB, Emes RD, Dawes PT, Farrell WE, Mattey DL, Scott IC, Steer S, Seegobin S, Hinks AM, Eyre S, Morgan A, Wilson AG, Hocking L, Wordsworth P, Barton A, Worthington J, Cope A, Lewis CM, Guerra S, Ahmed BA, Denton C, Abraham D, Fonseca C, Robinson J, Taylor J, Haroon Rashid L, Flynn E, Eyre S, Worthington J, Barton A, Isaacs J, Bowes J, Wilson AG, Barrett JH, Morgan A, Kingston B, Ahmed M, Kirwan JR, Marshall R, Chapman K, Pearson R, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rynne M, Saravanan V, Hamilton J, Saeed A, Coughlan R, Carey JJ, Farah Z, Matthews W, Bell C, Petford S, Tibbetts LM, Douglas KMJ, Holden W, Ledingham J, Fletcher M, Winfield R, Price Z, Mackay K, Dixon C, Oppong R, Jowett S, Nicholls E, Whitehurst D, Hill S, Hammond A, Hay E, Dziedzic K, Righetti C, Lebmeier M, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Nikiphorou E, Morris S, James D, Kiely P, Walsh D, Young A, Wong EC, Long J, Fletcher A, Fletcher M, Holmes S, Hockey P, Abbas M, Chattopadhyay C, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, Robson J, Kiran A, Maskell J, Arden N, Hutchings A, Emin A, Culliford D, Dasgupta B, Hamilton W, Luqmani R, Jethwa H, Rowczenio D, Trojer H, Russell T, Loeffler J, Hawkins P, Lachmann H, Verma I, Syngle A, Krishan P, Garg N, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, McGowan SP, Gerrard DT, Chinoy H, Ollier WE, Cooper RG, Lamb JA, Taborda L, Correia Azevedo P, Isenberg D, Leyland KM, Kiran A, Judge A, Hunter D, Hart D, Javaid MK, Arden N, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Litwic AE, Jameson KA, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Edwards MH, Jameson KA, Cushnaghan J, Aihie Sayer A, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Jagannath D, Parsons C, Cushnaghan J, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Dennison E, Stoppiello L, Mapp P, Ashraf S, Wilson D, Hill R, Scammell B, Walsh D, Wenham C, Shore P, Hodgson R, Grainger A, Aaron J, Hordon L, Conaghan P, Bar-Ziv Y, Beer Y, Ran Y, Benedict S, Halperin N, Drexler M, Mor A, Segal G, Lahad A, Haim A, Rath U, Morgensteren DM, Salai M, Elbaz A, Vasishta VG, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Ezeonyeji A, Takhar G, Denton C, Ong V, Loughrey L, Bissell LA, Hensor E, Abignano G, Redmond A, Buch M, Del Galdo F, Hall FC, Malaviya A, Nisar M, Baker S, Furlong A, Mitchell A, Godfrey AL, Ruddlesden M, Hadjinicolaou A, Hughes M, Moore T, O'Leary N, Tracey A, Ennis H, Dinsdale G, Roberts C, Herrick A, Denton CP, Guillevin L, Hunsche E, Rosenberg D, Schwierin B, Scott M, Krieg T, Anderson M, Hall FC, Herrick A, McHugh N, Matucci-Cerinic M, Alade R, Khan K, Xu S, Denton C, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Ong V, Denton CP, Clark KE, Tam FWK, Unwin R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton RJ, Nihtyanova S, Schreiber B, Ong V, Denton CP, Seng Edwin Lim C, Dasgupta B, Corsiero E, Sutcliffe N, Wardemann H, Pitzalis C, Bombardieri M, Tahir H, Donnelly S, Greenwood M, Smith TO, Easton V, Bacon H, Jerman E, Armon K, Poland F, Macgregor A, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Nguyen D, Badenhorst C, Kirby S, White D, Harrison A, Garcia JA, Stebbings S, MacKay JW, Aboelmagd S, Gaffney K, van der Heijde D, Deodhar A, Braun J, Mack M, Hsu B, Gathany T, Han C, Inman RD, Cooper-Moss N, Packham J, Strauss V, Freeston JE, Coates L, Nam J, Moverley AR, Helliwell P, Hensor E, Wakefield R, Emery P, Conaghan P, Mease P, Fleischmann R, Wollenhaupt J, Deodhar A, Kielar D, Woltering F, Stach C, Hoepken B, Arledge T, van der Heijde D, Gladman D, Fleischmann R, Coteur G, Woltering F, Mease P, Kavanaugh A, Gladman D, van der Heijde D, Purcaru O, Mease P, McInnes I, Kavanaugh A, Gottlieb AB, Puig L, Rahman P, Ritchlin C, Li S, Wang Y, Mendelsohn A, Doyle M, Tillett W, Jadon D, Shaddick G, Cavill C, Robinson G, Sengupta R, Korendowych E, de Vries C, McHugh N, Thomas RC, Shuto T, Busquets-Perez N, Marzo-Ortega H, McGonagle D, Tillett W, Richards G, Cavill C, Sengupta R, Shuto T, Marzo-Ortega H, Thomas RC, Bingham S, Coates L, Emery P, John Hamlin P, Adshead R, Cambridge S, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Suppiah P, Cullinan M, Nolan A, Thompson WM, Stebbings S, Mathieson HR, Mackie SL, Bryer D, Buch M, Emery P, Marzo-Ortega H, Krutikov M, Gray L, Bruce E, Ho P, Marzo-Ortega H, Busquets-Perez N, Thomas RC, Gaffney K, Keat A, Innes W, Pandit R, Kay L, Lapshina S, Myasoutova L, Erdes S, Wallis D, Waldron N, McHugh N, Korendowych E, Thorne I, Harris C, Keat A, Garg N, Syngle A, Vohra K, Khinchi D, Verma I, Kaur L, Jones A, Harrison N, Harris D, Jones T, Rees J, Bennett A, Fazal S, Tugnet N, Barkham N, Basu N, McClean A, Harper L, Amft EN, Dhaun N, Luqmani RA, Little MA, Jayne DR, Flossmann O, McLaren J, Kumar V, Reid DM, Macfarlane GJ, Jones G, Yates M, Watts RA, Igali L, Mukhtyar C, Macgregor A, Robson J, Doll H, Yew S, Flossmann O, Suppiah R, Harper L, Hoglund P, Jayne D, Mukhtyar C, Westman K, Luqmani R, Win Maw W, Patil P, Williams M, Adizie T, Christidis D, Borg F, Dasgupta B, Robertson A, Croft AP, Smith S, Carr S, Youssouf S, Salama A, Pusey C, Harper L, Morgan M. Basic Science * 208. Stem Cell Factor Expression is Increased in the Skin of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts in vitro. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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McCarthy EM, MacMullan PA, Al-Mudhaffer S, Madigan A, Donnelly S, McCarthy CJ, Molloy ES, Kenny D, McCarthy GM. Plasma fibrinogen is an accurate marker of disease activity in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 52:465-71. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Robinson MW, Hutchinson AT, Dalton JP, Donnelly S. Peroxiredoxin: a central player in immune modulation. Parasite Immunol 2010; 32:305-13. [PMID: 20500659 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2010.01201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are a family of anti-oxidants that protect cells from metabolically produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). The presence of these enzymes in the secretomes of many parasitic helminths suggests they provide protection against ROS released by host immune effector cells. However, we recently reported that helminth-secreted Prx also contribute to the development of Th2-responses via a mechanism involving the induction of alternatively activated macrophages. In this review, we discuss the role helminth Prx may play in modulating the immune responses of their hosts.
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Kannampuzha J, Darling PB, Maguire GF, Donnelly S, McFarlane P, Chan CT, Connelly PW. Paraoxonase 1 arylesterase activity and mass are reduced and inversely related to C-reactive protein in patients on either standard or home nocturnal hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 2010; 73:131-138. [PMID: 20129020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) activity is reduced in standard hemodialysis (SHD) (4 hours, 3 days/week) patients. Home nocturnal hemodialysis (HNHD) (8 hours, 6 days/week), provides a greater dialysis dose resulting in a greater clearance of metabolites. Whether improvements in the metabolic milieu of HNHD patients results in different PON1 activity levels compared to SHD patients is unclear. We determined serum PON1 mass and arylesterase activities in a group of HNHD patients and compared them to SHD patients and a group of healthy controls (HC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We measured PON1 arylesterase activity and mass, C-reactive protein (CRP), cystatin C, total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A-I and B in 15 HNHD, 15 SHD and 15 HC participants. RESULTS PON1 arylesterase activity (p < 0.001) and mass (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in HC participants compared to SHD and HNHD participants, although no significant differences were noted between HD groups. CRP (p < 0.05) was significantly higher in SHD compared to HC participants and there were no significant differences noted between HD groups. Cystatin C (p < 0.001) was significantly different among the 3 groups. There were no significant differences noted in any lipoprotein parameters among the groups. PON1 activity (r = -0.636, p < 0.001) and mass (r = -0.425, p = 0.019) were inversely correlated with CRP in HD patients. CONCLUSION PON1 is reduced in HNHD patients compared to HC subjects, independent of the concentration of HDL cholesterol. Within subjects on HD, the combination of increased CRP and reduced PON1 may identify subjects at a high risk for cardiovascular complications.
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Kanampuza JA, Donnelly S, McFarlane P, Chan C, House JD, Pencharz PB, Darling PB. Glutathione and riboflavin status in patients undergoing home nocturnal hemodialysis versus standard hemodialysis. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.738.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ryan K, Leonard M, Guerin S, Donnelly S, Conroy M, Meagher D. Validation of the confusion assessment method in the palliative care setting. Palliat Med 2009; 23:40-5. [PMID: 19010967 DOI: 10.1177/0269216308099210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) is widely used in the palliative care setting despite the fact that its performance in this population has not been validated. The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the CAM when used by Non-Consultant Hospital Doctors (NCHDs) working in a specialist palliative care unit. A pilot phase was performed in which NCHDs received a 1-hour training session based on the original CAM training manual. 32 patients underwent 33 assessments in the pilot phase but the sensitivity of the CAM was only 0.5 (0.22-0.78) and specificity was 1.0 (0.81-1.0). An 'enhanced' training programme was devised that took place over two 1-hour sessions and involved case-based learning focused on the areas where the NCHDs were experiencing difficulty. 52 patients underwent 54 assessments in the main phase of the study and the performance of the CAM improved significantly. Sensitivity was 0.88 (0.62-0.98) and specificity was 1.0 (0.88-1.0). The results suggest that the CAM is a valid screening tool for delirium in the palliative care setting but its performance is dependent on the skill of the operator. NCHDs require a certain standard of training before becoming proficient in its use.
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Leonard M, Raju B, Conroy M, Donnelly S, Trzepacz PT, Saunders J, Meagher D. Reversibility of delirium in terminally ill patients and predictors of mortality. Palliat Med 2008; 22:848-54. [PMID: 18755829 DOI: 10.1177/0269216308094520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, factors related to reversibility and mortality in consecutive cases of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) delirium [n = 121] occurring in palliative care patients were evaluated. Delirium was assessed with the revised Delirium Rating Scale (DRS-R98) and Cognitive Test for Delirium (CTD). Patients were followed until recovery from delirium or death. In all, 33 patients (27%) recovered from delirium before death. Mean time until death was 39.7 +/- 69.8 days in patients with reversible delirium [n = 33] versus 16.8 +/- 10.0 days in those with irreversible delirium [n = 88; P < 0.01]. DRS-R98 and CTD scores were higher in irreversible delirium (P < 0.001) with greater disturbances of sleep, language, long-term memory, attention, vigilance and visuospatial ability. Irreversible delirium was associated with greater disturbance of CTD attention and higher DRS-R98 visuospatial function. Survival time was predicted by CTD score (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.01) and organ failure (P = 0.01). Delirium was not necessarily a harbinger of imminent death. Less reversible delirium involved greater impairment of attention, vigilance and visuospatial function. Survival time is related to age, severity of cognitive impairment and evidence of organ failure.
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Jaberi A, Schwartz D, Marticorena R, Dacouris N, Prabhudesai V, McFarlane P, Donnelly S. Risk factors for the development of cephalic arch stenosis. J Vasc Access 2007; 8:287-295. [PMID: 18161676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The creation of a vascular access is necessary in hemodialysis patients, including those with marginal vessels. Upper arm fistulae are attractive due to the ease of creation and of achieving high access flow rates. Cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) can lead to failure of upper arm fistulae and is increasingly identified. We hypothesized that CAS is promoted by high blood flow rates, brachiocephalic fistulae, and an angle of cephalic vein insertion approaching 90 degrees. METHODS All patients requiring a fistulogram between January 2004 and May 2006 had surveillance fluoroscopy of the central veins. Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters were collected and the angle of the cephalic vein insertion measured by 3 blinded independent observers. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients had fistulograms and CAS was detected in 18 subjects. Significant differences between the CAS and non-CAS groups were brachiocephalic fistula site (p = 0.046), access flow (mL/min) (p = 0.012), and absence of diabetes (p = 0.03). Univariate predictors of CAS include access flow (per 100 mL/min) (p = 0.042), platelet count (p = 0.031) and calcium-phosphate product (p = 0.026). The relationship of brachiocephalic site and CAS was confounded by access flow [(per 100 mL/min)*brachiocephalic fistula site (p = 0.016)] and fistula age [brachiocephalic fistula site*fistula age (p = 0.017)]. In multivariate analysis, renovascular disease, calcium-phosphate product, platelet count and access flow (per 100 mL/min)*brachiocephalic fistula predicted CAS (p < 0.001, Negelkerke's R-Square = 0.55). The angle of insertion of the cephalic vein was not predictive for CAS. CONCLUSIONS CAS may be a long-term consequence of high blood flow rates. The interaction of access flow and brachiocephalic fistula supports the hypothesis that high flow through a brachiocephalic fistula promotes CAS. The multiple factors influencing cephalic arch remodeling require further research.
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Dunn A, Lo V, Donnelly S. The Role of the Kidney in Blood Volume Regulation: The Kidney as a Regulator of the Hematocrit. Am J Med Sci 2007; 334:65-71. [PMID: 17630596 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e318095a4ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The kidney plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood volume by controlling the plasma volume and red blood cell (RBC) mass. Further, it is proposed that the kidney coordinates the relative volumes of these 2 blood components and in so doing regulates the hematocrit. This novel function as proposed is a functional concept whereby the kidney does not simply produce erythropoietin, but that the kidney regulates the hematocrit is termed the critmeter function. The kidney is unique in that it can indirectly report on blood volume as a tissue oxygen signal. It is proposed that the kidneys detect small changes in tissue oxygen tension for erythropoietin production at the critmeter, a functional unit of marginal oxygen tension within the kidneys. As the production of erythropoietin is modulated by angiotensin II, the renin-angiotensin system entrains the production of erythropoietin as part of the effector signals of the feedback loop of blood volume regulation. Collectively, the consideration of these points generates a paradigm shift in our understanding of blood volume regulation in that the role of the kidney may be expanded from simply "producing" erythropoietin to regulating the hematocrit. Further, this concept broadens the scope of the traditionally identified effector mechanisms of plasma volume regulation to include the modulation of erythropoietin production and hence RBC mass. The inclusion of both plasma volume and RBC mass as factors targeted by the effector signals recapitulates that whole blood volume is sensed and reported in the afferent signals. In summary, distinct sensing and effector mechanisms for regulating the volume of the two components of whole blood (plasma and red cell mass) are recognized. The coupling of the regulation of these 2 components of blood volume is highlighted.
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Donnelly S, Roake W, Brown S, Young P, Naik H, Wordsworth P, Isenberg DA, Reid KBM, Eggleton P. Impaired recognition of apoptotic neutrophils by the C1q/calreticulin and CD91 pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:1543-56. [PMID: 16645988 DOI: 10.1002/art.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A deficiency in a subcomponent of C1q can result in increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The monocyte endocytic receptor CD91 is implicated in the endocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils via interactions with C1q and calreticulin. In this clinical study, we studied the binding of C1q to leukocytes and determined whether C1q bound specifically to calreticulin and CD91 on cells undergoing apoptosis in SLE. METHODS Proximal antibody phage display, calreticulin-transfected cells, and immunocytochemical and confocal techniques were used in a comprehensive analysis of direct binding of C1q to apoptotic neutrophils that were obtained from healthy individuals and from patients with SLE. In addition, apoptotic cellular systems were assessed in vitro. RESULTS C1q appeared to colocalize to apoptotic blebs on the surface of leukocytes in association with both calreticulin and CD91, as determined by phage display and transfected cell studies. However, C1q did not bind to apoptotic cells isolated from SLE patients, despite the positivity of the cells for both calreticulin and CD91. Surface expression of calreticulin decreased on neutrophils as they aged, but increased on monocytes. In an apoptotic phagocytic assay, the addition of C1q and calreticulin significantly enhanced the phagocytosis of apoptotic cell debris by monocyte-derived cells. CONCLUSION These observations indicate that neutrophils from SLE patients have a reduced ability to be recognized and removed by the C1q/calreticulin/CD91-mediated apoptotic pathway, despite the presence of main apoptotic recognition partners. This suggests that an additional component, as yet unidentified, acts as a C1q binding partner on apoptotic cells, and this component may be lacking in cells isolated from SLE patients.
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Harney SMJ, Timperley J, Daly C, Harin A, James T, Brown MA, Banning AP, Fox K, Donnelly S, Wordsworth BP. Brain natriuretic peptide is a potentially useful screening tool for the detection of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:136. [PMID: 16344502 PMCID: PMC1797986 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.040634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ma DQ, Jaworski J, Menold MM, Donnelly S, Abramson RK, Wright HH, Delong GR, Gilbert JR, Pericak-Vance MA, Cuccaro ML. Ordered-subset analysis of savant skills in autism for 15q11-q13. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2005; 135B:38-41. [PMID: 15756693 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a complex disorder characterized by genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Analysis of phenotypically homogeneous subtypes has been used to both confirm and narrow potential autism linkage regions such as the chromosomal region 15q11-q13. Increased evidence for linkage in this region had been found in a subgroup of 21 autism families (total families = 94) stratified based on a savant skill factor (SSF) from the Autism Diagnostic Interview, Revised (ADI-R). We examined the savant phenotypic finding in our sample of 91 multiplex autism families. Using two-point parametric analysis in stratification with a cutoff point of a savant skill score of 0.16, our families failed to demonstrate linkage to 15q11-q13. In addition, ordered subset analysis (OSA) using SSF as a covariate also failed to show evidence for linkage. Our findings do not support savant skills as an informative phenotypic subset for linkage in our sample.
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