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Mook HA, Lumsden MD, Christianson AD, Nagler SE, Sales BC, Jin R, McGuire MA, Sefat AS, Mandrus D, Egami T, dela Cruz C. Unusual relationship between magnetism and superconductivity in FeTe(0.5)Se(0.5). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:187002. [PMID: 20482201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.187002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We use neutron scattering to study magnetic excitations in crystals near the ideal superconducting composition of FeTe(0.5)Se(0.5). Two types of excitations are found, a resonance at (0.5,0.5,0) and incommensurate fluctuations on either side of this position. We show that the two sets of magnetic excitations behave differently with doping, with the resonance being fixed in position while the incommensurate excitations move as the doping is changed. These unusual results show that a common behavior of the low energy magnetic excitations is not necessary for pairing in these materials.
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Onimaru M, Ohuchida K, Egami T, Mizumoto K, Nagai E, Cui L, Toma H, Matsumoto K, Hashizume M, Tanaka M. Gemcitabine synergistically enhances the effect of adenovirus gene therapy through activation of the CMV promoter in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:541-9. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2010.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Onimaru M, Ohuchida K, Nagai E, Mizumoto K, Egami T, Cui L, Sato N, Uchino J, Takayama K, Hashizume M, Tanaka M. Combination with low-dose gemcitabine and hTERT-promoter-dependent conditionally replicative adenovirus enhances cytotoxicity through their crosstalk mechanisms in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2010; 294:178-86. [PMID: 20163915 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the limited clinical efficacy of conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds), we investigated the effects of combination therapy with gemcitabine (GEM) and the hTERT-promoter-dependent CRAd (hTERT-CRAd), Ad5/3hTERTE1. This combination therapy exhibited enhanced cytotoxic effects on pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we revealed that this enhancement effect was due to the multiple bidirectional interactions between hTERT-CRAd and GEM. The GEM-sensitizing effect of E1 expression derived from hTERT-CRAd, and the enhancement effect by GEM on hTERT promoter activity which led to the increase of adenovirus E1 and viral infectivity. This combination therapy may be a promising therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
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Fujita H, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Egami T, Miyoshi K, Moriyama T, Cui L, Yu J, Zhao M, Manabe T, Tanaka M. Tumor-stromal interactions with direct cell contacts enhance proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:2309-17. [PMID: 19735487 PMCID: PMC11159841 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01317.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is often characterized by an abundant desmoplastic stroma that is partially induced by activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Indirect co-culture has often been used to investigate the effects of cancer-stromal interactions on the proliferation of cancer cells, but the effects of cell-cell adhesion and juxtacrine signaling between cancer and stromal cells cannot be evaluated using this method. This study aimed to establish a simplified direct co-culture system that could be used to quantify populations of cancer cells in co-culture with PSCs, and to evaluate the effects of direct cell contact on the proliferation of cancer cells. We established three green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines and were able to quantify them with high reliability and reproducibility, even when co-cultured directly with PSCs, using a color plate reader. We assessed the differential effects of direct and indirect co-culture with PSCs on the proliferation of cancer cells, and found that the proliferation of GFP-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines was dramatically enhanced by direct co-culture with PSCs, compared with the indirect co-culture system. We also found that direct co-culture of cancer cells and PSCs activated the Notch signaling pathway in both cell types. Direct cell contact between cancer cells and PSCs plays an important role in the control of cancer cell proliferation, and is essential to the understanding of tumor-stromal interactions.
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Egami T, Ohuchida K, Yasui T, Mizumoto K, Onimaru M, Toma H, Sato N, Matsumoto K, Tanaka M. Up-regulation of integrin beta3 in radioresistant pancreatic cancer impairs adenovirus-mediated gene therapy. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:1902-7. [PMID: 19604247 PMCID: PMC11158494 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01245.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. We previously reported that radiation enhanced adenovirus-mediated gene expression in pancreatic cancer, suggesting that adenoviral gene therapy might be more effective in radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells. In the present study, we compared the transduction efficiency of adenovirus-delivered genes in radiosensitive and radioresistant cells, and investigated the underlying mechanisms. We used an adenovirus expressing the hepatocyte growth factor antagonist, NK4 (Ad-NK4), as a representative gene therapy. We established two radioresistant human pancreatic cancer cell lines using fractionated irradiation. Radiosensitive and radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells were infected with Ad-NK4, and NK4 levels in the cells were measured. In order to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the differences in the transduction efficiency between these cells, we measured expression of the genes mediating adenovirus infection and endocytosis. The results revealed that NK4 levels in radioresistant cells were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in radiosensitive cells, although there were no significant differences in adenovirus uptake between radiosensitive cells and radioresistant cells. Integrin beta3 was up-regulated and the Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor was down-regulated in radioresistant cells, and inhibition of integrin beta3 promoted adenovirus gene transfer. These results suggest that inhibition of integrin beta3 in radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells could enhance adenovirus-mediated gene therapy.
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Proffen T, Billinge SJL, Egami T, Louca D. Structural analysis of complex materials using the atomic pair distribution function — a practical guide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.218.2.132.20664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Modern materials and their properties are often characterized by varying degrees of disorder. Routine crystallographic structure solution only reveals the average structure. The study of Bragg and diffuse scattering yields the local atomic arrangements holding the key to understanding increasingly complex materials. In this paper we review the pair distribution function technique used to unravel the local structure. We aim to give a practical overview and make this method easily accessible to the wider scientific community.
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Egami T, Ohuchida K, Miyoshi K, Mizumoto K, Onimaru M, Toma H, Sato N, Matsumoto K, Tanaka M. Chemotherapeutic agents potentiate adenoviral gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:722-9. [PMID: 19302285 PMCID: PMC11158724 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy combined with chemotherapeutic agents is expected to represent a new approach for treating pancreatic cancer. However, there have been no reports of definitive effects of chemotherapeutic agents on adenovirus-mediated gene therapies. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on the transduction efficiency of an adenovirus-based gene therapy. Adenovirus (Ad-NK4) expressing NK4, which acts as a hepatocyte growth factor antagonist, was used as a representative gene therapy. Pancreatic cancer cells infected with Ad-NK4 were treated with chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil [5FU], cisplatin or etoposide), and the NK4 levels in their culture media were measured. To examine the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in vivo, Ad-NK4 was administered to subcutaneous tumors in mice after treatment with the agents, and the tumor NK4 levels were measured. The NK4 levels in culture media from cells treated with 5FU, cisplatin and etoposide were 5.2-fold (P = 0.026), 6-fold (P < 0.001) and 4.3-fold (P < 0.001) higher than those of untreated cells, respectively. The chemotherapeutic agents also increased Ad-NK4 uptake. The NK4 levels in tumors treated with 5FU, cisplatin and etoposide were 5.4-fold (P = 0.006), 11.8-fold (P < 0.001) and 4.9-fold (P = 0.017) higher than those in untreated tumors, respectively. The present findings suggest that chemotherapeutic agents significantly improve the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, they will contribute to decreases in the adenovirus doses required for gene transfer, thereby controlling the side-effects of adenovirus infection in normal tissues.
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Lumsden MD, Christianson AD, Parshall D, Stone MB, Nagler SE, MacDougall GJ, Mook HA, Lokshin K, Egami T, Abernathy DL, Goremychkin EA, Osborn R, McGuire MA, Sefat AS, Jin R, Sales BC, Mandrus D. Two-dimensional resonant magnetic excitation in BaFe1.84Co0.16As2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:107005. [PMID: 19392149 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.107005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on single crystals of superconducting BaFe1.84Co0.16As2 reveal a magnetic excitation located at wave vectors (1/2 1/2 L) in tetragonal notation. On cooling below T_{C}, a clear resonance peak is observed at this wave vector with an energy of 8.6(0.5) meV, corresponding to 4.5(0.3) k_{B}T_{C}. This is in good agreement with the canonical value of 5 k_{B}T_{C} observed in the cuprates. The spectrum shows strong dispersion in the tetragonal plane but very weak dispersion along the c axis, indicating that the magnetic fluctuations are two dimensional in nature. This is in sharp contrast to the anisotropic three dimensional spin excitations seen in the undoped parent compounds.
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Yu J, Ohuchida K, Nakata K, Mizumoto K, Cui L, Fujita H, Yamaguchi H, Egami T, Kitada H, Tanaka M. LIM only 4 is overexpressed in late stage pancreas cancer. Mol Cancer 2008; 7:93. [PMID: 19099607 PMCID: PMC2628350 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-7-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LIM-only 4 (LMO4), a member of the LIM-only (LMO) subfamily of LIM domain-containing transcription factors, was initially reported to have an oncogenic role in breast cancer. We hypothesized that LMO4 may be related to pancreatic carcinogenesis as it is in breast carcinogenesis. If so, this could result in a better understanding of tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer. Methods We measured LMO4 mRNA levels in cultured cells, pancreatic bulk tissues and microdissected target cells (normal ductal cells; pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia-1B [PanIN-1B] cells; PanIN-2 cells; invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC] cells; intraductal papillary-mucinous adenoma [IPMA] cells; IPM borderline [IPMB] cells; and invasive and non-invasive IPM carcinoma [IPMC]) by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results 9 of 14 pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of LMO4 mRNA than did the human pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line (HPDE). In bulk tissue samples, expression of LMO4 was higher in pancreatic carcinoma than in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) or non-neoplastic pancreas (p < 0.0001 for both). We carried out microdissection-based analyses. IDC cells expressed significantly higher levels of LMO4 than did normal ductal epithelia or PanIN-1B cells (p < 0.001 for both) or PanIN-2 cells (p = 0.014). IPMC cells expressed significantly higher levels of LMO4 than did normal ductal epithelia (p < 0.001), IPMA (p < 0.001) and IPMB cells (p = 0.003). Conclusion Pancreatic carcinomas (both IDC and IPMC) expressed significantly higher levels of LMO4 mRNA than did normal ductal epithelia, PanIN-1B, PanIN-2, IPMA and IPMB. These results suggested that LMO4 is overexpressed at late stages in carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
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Fujita H, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Egami T, Miyasaka Y, Yamaguchi H, Yu J, Cui L, Onimaru M, Takahata S, Tsuneyoshi M, Tanaka M. Quantitative analysis of hTERT mRNA levels in cells microdissected from cytological specimens. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:2244-51. [PMID: 18795940 PMCID: PMC11159216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinicians frequently require cytopathological assessment of tumor samples for preoperative diagnosis, but in some specimens, diagnosis remains inconclusive after cytological examination. To date, several molecular markers, including human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), have been assessed for the ability to detect malignancy. However, analyses using whole cytological specimens are generally affected by contamination of untargeted cells. The present study investigated the feasibility of more sensitive examination by quantitative mRNA analysis of target cells microdissected from cytological specimens. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to obtain target cells from cytological specimens. hTERT mRNA levels were then measured in target cells by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The effect of RNA fragmentation on qRT-PCR was also assessed. Total RNA from cytological specimens was sometimes fragmented to a large degree. To avoid the effect of RNA fragmentation, gene specific priming and PCR primers generating short PCR products were used and no difference in delta Ct values between fragmented and non-fragmented RNA were found. hTERT mRNA levels were measured in cells microdissected from 33 cytological specimens. The levels of hTERT mRNA were significantly higher in malignant cases compared to those in non-malignant cases (P = 0.0003). The sensitivity was 96.2%, even when the specificities were 100%. High levels of hTERT mRNA were also found in three cases that were not diagnosed as malignant by cytological examination. Quantitative assessment of hTERT mRNA levels in cells microdissected from cytological specimens is a potential diagnostic tool to potentiate cytological examination in diagnosing malignancy.
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Levashov VA, Egami T, Aga RS, Morris JR. Atomic bond fluctuations and crossover to potential-energy-landscape-influenced regime in supercooled liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:041202. [PMID: 18999407 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.041202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ideas related to potential-energy landscape and cooperativity of atomic rearrangements are widely discussed in the research field of glass transition. The crossover transition from high-temperature regime to potential-energy-landscape-influenced regime was extensively studied using the concept of inherent structure. However, the interpretation of this crossover behavior in terms of microscopic changes in real structures is still lacking. In this paper we present several observations on the crossover behavior on real structures. We compare fluctuations in the global properties (total number of bonds, total potential energy, pressure) versus fluctuations in the local properties (coordination number, atomic potential energy, local atomic pressure) by means of molecular dynamics simulations. We then show that the total and local fluctuations in the number of atomic bonds in the system depend on temperature differently above and below the temperature of crossover to the landscape-influenced regime. Similarly, the ratio between the global and local fluctuations in the potential energy and pressure changes in the vicinity of the crossover temperature, whereas the change is less distinct than in the case of the bond fluctuations. Our results indicate that local fluctuations become more correlated below the crossover temperature, most likely via the interaction through the dynamic shear elastic field.
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Ohhashi S, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Fujita H, Egami T, Yu J, Toma H, Sadatomi S, Nagai E, Tanaka M. Down-regulation of deoxycytidine kinase enhances acquired resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Anticancer Res 2008; 28:2205-2212. [PMID: 18751396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functional roles of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) in acquired resistance to gemcitabine remain unknown in pancreatic cancer. Here, the functional involvement of dCK in gemcitabine-resistance of pancreatic cancer was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The levels of the dCK gene as well as other gemcitabine-related genes (hENT1, RRM1 and RRM2) were analyzed in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells (GR cells) using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effects of inhibition of these genes on sensitivity to gemcitabine were evaluated. RESULTS In GR cells, expression of dCK was significantly reduced compared with that of parental cells (p < 0.05). The dCK-targeting siRNA significantly reduced gemcitabine sensitivity (p < 0.01) without affecting cell proliferation. The RRM1- and RRM2-targeting siRNAs increased gemcitabine sensitivity (p < 0.05) and reduced cell proliferation even without gemcitabine treatment. The hENT-targeting siRNA did not affect gemcitabine sensitivity or cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of dCK specifically enhanced acquired resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells without affecting their proliferation.
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Braiman Y, Egami T. Transitions from oscillatory to smooth fracture propagation in brittle metallic glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:065101. [PMID: 18643323 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.065101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple model to explain the transition from oscillatory to smooth crack propagation in brittle metallic glasses. We demonstrate that the smooth fracture propagation that is characteristic for higher temperature or higher crack opening velocities (for type 1 crack propagation) becomes unstable and oscillatory behavior is being observed. The characteristic feature size of the crack propagation may be at the nanometer scale and grows as the opening velocity decreases.
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Dmowski W, Vakhrushev SB, Jeong IK, Hehlen MP, Trouw F, Egami T. Local lattice dynamics and the origin of the relaxor ferroelectric behavior. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:137602. [PMID: 18517997 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.137602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Relaxor ferroelectricity is observed in many strongly disordered ferroelectric solids. However, the atomistic mechanism of the phenomenon, particularly at high temperatures, is not well understood. In this Letter we show the local lattice dynamics as the origin of relaxor ferroelectricity through the first use of the dynamic pair-density function determined by pulsed neutron inelastic scattering. For a prototypical relaxor ferroelectric, Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3), we demonstrate that the dynamic local polarization sets in around the so-called Burns temperature through the interaction of off-centered Pb ions with soft phonons, and the slowing down of local polarization with decreasing temperature produces the polar nanoregions and the relaxor behavior below room temperature.
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Egami T, Egami K, Tanoue A. Study of antibody titres after measles vaccination: fever within 7 days of vaccination and efficacy of booster doses. Arch Dis Child 2008; 93:319-20. [PMID: 17488762 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2006.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated seroconversion rates in febrile children after measles vaccination. Among 6364 vaccinees, 501 children had a temperature of 37.5 degrees C or higher within 7 days of vaccination. The seroconversion rate assessed by a haemagglutination-inhibition assay was 76.6% in 501 febrile children but 95.2% in 84 afebrile controls. Measles vaccination has been reported to provide immunity in at least 95% of cases. The number of patients infected with measles has dramatically decreased since the introduction of measles vaccination. However, problems remain, including primary vaccine failure (PVF), failure to develop immunity after vaccination, and secondary vaccine failure (SVF), that is, the development of infection because of waning antibodies after vaccination. In this study, we investigated the effect of febrile upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) after vaccination and found a lower rate of seroconversion to measles and a lower mean antibody titre in those who developed a fever within 7 days of measles vaccination.
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Egami T, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Onimaru M, Toma H, Nishio S, Nagai E, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T, Tanaka M. Radiation Enhances Adenoviral Gene Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer via Activation of Cytomegalovirus Promoter and Increased Adenovirus Uptake. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:1859-67. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy combined with radiation is expected to be a new approach to treat pancreatic cancer. However, there are no reports of definitive effects of radiation on adenovirus-mediated gene therapies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of radiation on the transduction efficiency of an adenovirus-based gene therapy.
Experimental Design: We used adenovirus expressing NK4 (Ad-NK4), an antagonist for hepatocyte growth factor, as a representative gene therapy. Pancreatic cancer cells preinfected with Ad-NK4 were irradiated, and NK4 levels in culture media of these cells were measured. We investigated cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter activity and uptake of adenovirus in these cells. To examine the effect of radiation in vivo, Ad-NK4 was given to irradiated subcutaneous tumors in nude mice, and NK4 levels in tumors were measured.
Results: NK4 levels in culture media of irradiated cells were 4.5-fold (P < 0.01) higher than those of nonirradiated cells. Radiation enhanced activation of the CMV promoter and adenovirus uptake (P < 0.01), leading to increased levels of NK4. We found that activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and up-regulation of dynamin 2 may be involved in the radiation-induced activation of the CMV promoter and adenovirus uptake, respectively. NK4 levels in irradiated tumors were 5.8-fold (P = 0.017) higher than those in nonirradiated tumors.
Conclusions: The present findings suggest that radiation significantly improves the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in pancreatic cancer and probably contributes to decreasing the dose of adenovirus required for gene transfer and controlling side effects of adenovirus infection in nonirradiated normal tissue.
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Borisov SA, Vakhrushev SB, Koroleva EY, Naberezhnov AA, Syrnikov PP, Simkin VG, Kutnjak Z, Egami T, Dmowski W, Piekarz P. Investigation into the evolution of the structure of K1−x LixTa1−y NbyO3 single crystals under variations in temperature. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774507030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yamada D, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Ohhashi S, Yu J, Egami T, Fujita H, Nagai E, Tanaka M. Increased expression of ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 mRNA in pancreatic cancer. Anticancer Res 2007; 27:793-9. [PMID: 17465204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs) comprise a multifunctional family of membrane-anchored proteins. ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 are involved in cell migration and invasion. Expression of ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 was reported to be altered in several types of cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure the expression of ADAM 9 mRNA in bulk pancreatic tissues. Results showed no significant difference in the expression of ADAM 9 mRNA between pancreatic cancer and non-neoplastic pancreas. Primary cultured pancreatic fibroblasts also expressed ADAM 9 mRNA. Therefore, a laser microdissection and pressure catapulting technique was employed to isolate cancer cells from tumor tissues. The expression of ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 mRNA was measured in microdissected samples (cancer cells, n = 11; normal epithelial cells, n = 13 for ADAM 9; cancer cells, n = 9; normal epithelial cells, n = 9 for ADAM 15). RESULTS Pancreatic cancer cells expressed significantly higher levels of ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 mRNA than did normal pancreatic epithelial cells (p = 0.016 for ADAM 9; p = 0.004 for ADAM 15). CONCLUSION ADAM 9 and ADAM 15 are involved in pancreatic cancer. Microdissection-based analysis appears to be indispensable for the accurate analysis of the expression of certain ADAM family members in pancreatic cancer.
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Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Egami T, Yamaguchi H, Fujii K, Konomi H, Nagai E, Yamaguchi K, Tsuneyoshi M, Tanaka M. S100P is an early developmental marker of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:5411-6. [PMID: 17000674 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our goal was to clarify the involvement and clinical significance of S100P in pancreatic carcinogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined S100P expression in 45 bulk pancreatic tissues; in microdissected cells, including invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cells (20 sections), pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) cells (12 sections), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) cells (19 sections), and normal epithelial cells (11 sections); and in pancreatic juice samples from 99 patients with pancreatic diseases (32 cancer, 35 IPMN, and 32 chronic pancreatitis samples). We used quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR with gene-specific priming to measure S100P in these various types of samples. RESULTS In bulk tissue analyses, pancreatic cancer and IPMN expressed significantly higher levels of S100P than did nonneoplastic pancreas (P<0.017 and P=0.0013, respectively). Microdissection analyses revealed that IPMN expressed significantly higher levels of S100P than did IDC (P<0.0001) and PanIN (P=0.0031), although S100P expression did not differ between IDC and PanIN (P=0.077). In pancreatic juice analyses, cancer and IPMN juice expressed significantly higher levels of S100P than did pancreatitis juice (both P<0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that measurement of S100P in pancreatic juice was useful for discriminating neoplastic disease from chronic pancreatitis (area under the curve=0.837; 95% confidence interval, 0.749-0.903). CONCLUSION S100P may be an early developmental marker of pancreatic carcinogenesis, and measurement of S100P in pancreatic juice may be useful for early detection of pancreatic cancer or screening of early pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Petit L, Stocks GM, Egami T, Szotek Z, Temmerman WM. Ground state valency and spin configuration of the Ni ions in nickelates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:146405. [PMID: 17155276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.146405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ab initio self-interaction-corrected local-spin-density approximation is used to study the electronic structure of both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric nickelates. From total energy considerations it emerges that, in their ground state, both LiNiO2 and NaNiO2 are insulators, with the Ni ion in the Ni3+ low-spin state (t(2g)(6)e(g)(1)) configuration. It is established that a substitution of a number of Li/Na atoms by divalent impurities drives an equivalent number of Ni ions in the NiO2 layers from the Jahn-Teller (JT)-active trivalent low-spin state to the JT-inactive divalent state. We describe how the observed considerable differences between LiNiO2 and NaNiO2 can be explained through the creation of Ni2+ impurities in LiNiO2. The indications are that the random distribution of the Ni2+ impurities might be responsible for the destruction of the long-range orbital ordering in LiNiO2.
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Egami T, Maeda K, Vitek V. Structural defects in amorphous solids A computer simulation study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618008243894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Srolovitz D, Maeda K, Vitek V, Egami T. Structural defects in amorphous solids Statistical analysis of a computer model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618108239553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yu J, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Ishikawa N, Ogura Y, Yamada D, Egami T, Fujita H, Ohashi S, Nagai E, Tanaka M. Overexpression of c-met in the early stage of pancreatic carcinogenesis; altered expression is not sufficient for progression from chronic pancreatitis to pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:3878-82. [PMID: 16804974 PMCID: PMC4087937 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i24.3878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate c-met expression during early pancreatic carcinogenesis.
METHODS: We used 46 bulk tissues and 36 micro-dissected samples, including normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, for quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS: In bulk tissue analyses, pancreatic cancer tissues expressed significantly higher levels of c-met than did chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas tissues. c-met levels did not differ between chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas tissues. In microdissection-based analyses, c-met was expressed at higher levels in microdissected pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatitis-affected epithelial cells than in normal ductal epithelial cells (both, P < 0.01). Interestingly, pancreatitis-affected epithelial cells expressed levels of c-met similar to those of pancreatic cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: Overexpression of c-met occurs during the early stage of pancreatic carcinogenesis, and a single alteration of c-met expression is not sufficient for progression of chronic pancreatitis-affected epithelial cells to pancreatic cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Epithelial Cells/chemistry
- Epithelial Cells/cytology
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Fibroblasts/chemistry
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/chemistry
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Pancreatitis, Chronic/genetics
- Pancreatitis, Chronic/pathology
- Pancreatitis, Chronic/physiopathology
- Precancerous Conditions/chemistry
- Precancerous Conditions/genetics
- Precancerous Conditions/pathology
- Precancerous Conditions/physiopathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Egami T. Static and dynamic pair correlation functions determined by neutron scattering and inelastic correction to total scattering. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305096017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Jeong IK, Darling TW, Lee JK, Proffen T, Heffner RH, Park JS, Hong KS, Dmowski W, Egami T. Medium range ordering of local polarizations in Pb(Mg 1/3Nb 2/3)O 3. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305095991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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