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Saito S, Teshima Y, Takahashi N, Kondo H, Fukui A, Aoki K, Shinohara T, Nakagawa M, Hara M, Saikawa T. Glucose fluctuations increase inducibility of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p4265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kiyanagi Y, Shinohara T, Kai T, Kamiyama T, Sato H, Kino K, Aizawa K, Arai M, Harada M, Sakai K, Oikawa K, Ooi M, Maekawa F, Iikura H, Sakai T, Matsubayashi M, Segawa M, Kureta M. Present Status of Research on Pulsed Neutron Imaging in Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Katanuma A, Maguchi H, Hashigo S, Kaneko M, Kin T, Yane K, Kato R, Kato S, Harada R, Osanai M, Takahashi K, Shinohara T, Itoi T. Tumor seeding after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of cancer in the body of the pancreas. Endoscopy 2012; 44 Suppl 2 UCTN:E160-1. [PMID: 22622721 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kato T, Baba T, Yamaguchi O, Yoshida M, Oda T, Takasa A, Enomoto T, Shinohara T, Hagiwara E, Ogura T. A Prospective, Feasibility Study of S-1 and Carboplatin for Patients with Advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Concomitant with Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF). Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Shime N, Shinohara T, Shigemi K, Parker M. Knowledge and perception about sepsis: a survey in Japan. Anaesth Intensive Care 2012; 40:737-738. [PMID: 22813523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Yoshida M, Hino H, Abe S, Machida H, Hatakeyama N, Okano Y, Iwahara Y, Shinohara T, Oogushi F. [Rib-originated fibrous dysplasia: report of a case]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2012; 65:423-426. [PMID: 22569503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of fibrous dysplasia (FD) is not frequent in the case of benign bone tumors of the chest wall, and differential diagnosis between FD and the malignancy on the basis of imaging findings is difficult. We report a case of a painful FD lesion (size, 9×8 cm) that originated from the 5th rib of a 52-year-old man and was surgically resected. His symptoms improved after the operation. Painful and large FD lesions should be resected because of a difficulty in differential diagnosis from malignant tumors.
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Taniguchi Y, Takahashi N, Fukui A, Nagano-Torigoe Y, Thuc LC, Teshima Y, Shinohara T, Wakisaka O, Ooie T, Murozono Y, Yufu K, Nakagawa M, Hara M, Yoshimatsu H, Saikawa T. Candesartan restored cardiac Hsp72 expression and tolerance against reperfusion injury in hereditary insulin-resistant rats. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 92:439-48. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fatma N, Singh P, Chhunchha B, Kubo E, Shinohara T, Bhargavan B, Singh DP. Deficiency of Prdx6 in lens epithelial cells induces ER stress response-mediated impaired homeostasis and apoptosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 301:C954-67. [PMID: 21677259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00061.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional cytoprotective protein peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) maintains cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity by regulating expression of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phospholipid turnover. Using cells derived from targeted inactivation of Prdx6 gene or its depletion by RNA interference or aging, we showed that Prdx6 deficiency in cells evoked unfolded protein response (UPR), evidenced by increased expression or activation of proapoptotic factors, CHOP, ATF4, PERK, IRE-α and eIF2-α and by increased caspases 3 and 12 processing. Those cells displayed enhanced and sustained expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related chaperon proteins, Bip/glucose-regulated protein 78, calnexin, and calreticulin. Under cellular stress induced by hypoxia (1% O(2) or CoCl(2) treatment) or tunicamycin, Prdx6-deficient cells exhibited aberrant activation of ER stress-responsive genes/protein with higher expression of ROS, and died with apoptosis. Wild-type cells exposed to tunicamycin or hypoxia remained relatively insensitive with lower expression of ROS and ER-responsive genes than did Prdx6-deficient cells, but upregulation of ER stress responsive proteins or chaperones mimicked the UPR response of Prdx6-deficient or aging cells. Expression of Prdx6 blocked ER stress-induced deleterious signaling by optimizing physiologically aberrant expression of ER stress responsive genes/proteins in Prdx6-deficient cells or cells facing stressors, and rescued the cells from apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that impaired homeostasis and progression of pathogenesis in Prdx6-deficient lens epithelial cells or in aging cells should be blocked by a supply of Prdx6. The results provide a new molecular basis for understanding the etiology of several age-associated degenerative disorders, and potentially for developing antioxidant Prdx6-based therapeutics.
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Sakaguchi Y, Kira H, Oku T, Shinohara T, Suzuki J, Sakai K, Nakamura M, Suzuya K, Aizawa K, Arai M, Takeda M, Endoh Y, Chang LJ, Arimoto Y, Ino T, Shimizu HM, Kamiyama T, Ohoyama K, Hiraka H, Tsutsumi K, Yamada K, Ohara K, Kakurai K. Structure of glasses for3He neutron spin filter cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/294/1/012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Miyazawa N, Shinohara T, Yamagata Z. Association of incompleteness of the anterior part of the circle of Willis with the occurrence of lacunes in the basal ganglia. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18:1358-60. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yamashita T, Inoue H, Okumura K, Kodama I, Aizawa Y, Atarashi H, Ohe T, Ohtsu H, Kato T, Kamakura S, Kumagai K, Kurachi Y, Koretsune Y, Saikawa T, Sakurai M, Sato T, Sugi K, Nakaya H, Hirai M, Hirayama A, Fukatani M, Mitamura H, Yamazaki T, Watanabe E, Ogawa S, Katoh T, Igawa O, Matsumoto N, Yamashita T, Kaneko Y, Watanabe E, Ogawa S, Osaka T, Fujii E, Niwano S, Yoshioka K, Kato M, Okazaki O, Kusano K, Okuyama Y, Furushima H, Suzuki M, Noda T, Kawara T, Sato T, Kamakura S, Endoh Y, Kumagai K, Hiyoshi Y, Ishiyama T, Ohtsuka T, Matsumoto M, Chishaki A, Shinohara T, Shirayama T, Koretsune Y, Yokoyama E, Ajiki K, Fujio K, Sugi K, Yamakawa T, Yusu S, Inoue H, Kawamura Y, Hayano M, Date T, Mizusawa Y, Kobayashi Y, Satomi K, Imai Y, Atarashi H, Fukunami M, Yokoshiki H, Betsuyaku T, Okumura K, Takeda H, Matsumoto K, Okishige K, Tagawa M, Hirai M, Okazaki H. Randomized trial of angiotensin II-receptor blocker vs. dihydropiridine calcium channel blocker in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with hypertension (J-RHYTHM II Study). Europace 2010; 13:473-9. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Tsuji S, Tsuura Y, Morohoshi T, Shinohara T, Oshita F, Yamada K, Kameda Y, Ohtsu T, Nakamura Y, Miyagi Y. Secretion of intelectin-1 from malignant pleural mesothelioma into pleural effusion. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:517-23. [PMID: 20628387 PMCID: PMC2939784 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but fatal tumour. Although most MPM patients show pleural effusion at even the early stage, it is hard to diagnose as MPM at the early stage because a sensitive and reliable diagnostic marker for MPM has not been found in plasma or pleural effusion. Methods: In this study, we investigated whether intelectin-1 was specifically contained in MPM cells and the pleural effusion of MPM patient by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines, but not lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, secreted intelectin-1. In immunohistochemistry, epithelioid-type MPMs, but neither pleura-invading lung adenocarcinomas nor reactive mesothelial cells near the lung adenocarcinomas, were stained with anti-intelectin antibodies. Pleural effusion of MPM patients contained a higher concentration of intelectin-1 than that of lung cancer patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that detection of intelectin-1 may be useful for a differential diagnosis of epithelioid-type MPM in immunohistochemistry and that a high concentration of intelectin-1 in pleural effusion can be used as a new marker for clinical diagnosis of MPM.
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Suzuki M, Kurimoto S, Shinohara T, Tatebe M, Imaeda T, Hirata H. Development and validation of an illustrated questionnaire to evaluate disabilities of the upper limb. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 92:963-9. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.92b7.23410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an illustrated questionnaire, the Hand20, comprising 20 short and easy-to-understand questions to assess disorders of the upper limb. We have examined the usefulness of this questionnaire by comparing reliability, validity, responsiveness and the level of missing data with those of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. A series of 431 patients with disorders of the upper limb completed the Hand20 and the Japanese version of the DASH (DASH-JSSH) questionnaire. The norms for Hand20 scores were determined in another cross-sectional study. Most patients had no difficulty in completing the Hand20 questionnaire, whereas the DASH-JSSH had a significantly higher rate of missing data. The standard score for the Hand20 was smaller than the reported norms for the DASH. Our study showed that the Hand20 questionnaire provided validation comparable with that of the DASH-JSSH. Explanatory illustrations and short questions which were easy-to-understand led to better rates of response and fewer missing data, even in elderly individuals with cognitive deterioration.
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Miyazawa N, Ishigame K, Kato S, Satoh Y, Shinohara T. Thoracic chordoma: review and role of FDG-PET. J Neurosurg Sci 2008; 52:117-122. [PMID: 18946438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chordoma is an uncommon primary bone tumor and the thoracic spine is the least common of all sites for a chordoma. It may recur despite slow-growing nature. Precise literature review will be performed and possible use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for detection of both primary and recurrent diagnosis will be discussed. This article presents the case of a 73-year-old male patient who complained of back pain. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, computed tomography (CT) and FDG-PET demonstrated thoracic lesion and biopsy revealed chordoma. The patient was operated on and histological findings showed the tumor was chondroid chordoma. He suffered recurrence after 7 months by FDG-PET. He received 6,000 rads radiation therapy and is neurological free but, suffered backache 15 months after initial diagnosis. Only 12 cases including this case were reported precisely and this is the first report of FDG-PET for both initial and recurrent diagnosis of chordoma.
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Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Takehashi M, Shinohara T. Brief history, pitfalls, and prospects of mammalian spermatogonial stem cell research. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2008; 73:17-23. [PMID: 19022768 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2008.73.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) provide the foundation for spermatogenesis. During the last decade, several techniques for the manipulation of this cell type have been developed; as a result, SSCs can now be subjected to long-term in vitro expansion and genetically manipulated for knockout mouse production. These techniques have allowed SSCs to serve as a new target for animal transgenesis, which may provide an alternative to embryonic stem (ES) cells. Furthermore, SSCs may be converted into ES-like cells, demonstrating that the postnatal testis is a source of pluripotent stem cells. These techniques were first established in mice, but they are currently being extended to other animal species. SSC-based technologies will be useful in agriculture and medicine and will also provide valuable opportunities to study SSC biology. The mechanisms of self-renewal division and differentiation and the regulation of pluripotency in SSCs are now being studied at the molecular level. However, some technical and conceptual pitfalls must be kept in mind when designing and analyzing experimental results. Nevertheless, these advances in SSC research will provide valuable insight into the study of mammalian stem cell systems.
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Nakagawa M, Shinohara T, Anan F, Yufu K, Takahashi N, Okada N, Hara M, Yoshimatsu H, Saikawa T. New squatting test indices are useful for assessing baroreflex sensitivity in diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2008; 25:1309-15. [PMID: 19046221 PMCID: PMC2701556 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The heart rate (HR) responses after performance of the squatting and standing manoeuvre are thought to be a useful tool to assess autonomic neuropathy in diabetics. Our aim was to develop new simple squatting test indices and to analyse their applicability to the assessment of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in patients with diabetes. METHODS Twenty healthy volunteers (mean age 23.2 +/- 3.8 years) and 51 patients with diabetes (mean age 55.9 +/- 10.6 years) were enrolled in study 1 and study 2, respectively. Each subject stood for 3 min (basal period), then squatted down for 1 min (Sq) and stood up again for 1 min (St). In study 1, the squatting test was performed before and after pharmacological autonomic blockade. In study 2, we measured HR in each period and calculated the difference between basal HR and HRSq (DeltaHRSq) and between HRSt and HRSq (DeltaHRSt). BRS was also measured using the phenylephrine method in diabetic patients. RESULTS In healthy individuals during autonomic blockade, HR changes were mainly controlled by the vagal tone during squatting and by the sympathetic tone during standing. In diabetic patients, DeltaHRSq and DeltaHRSt positively correlated (r = 0.86, P < 0.0001) and both DeltaHRSq and DeltaHRSt significantly correlated with BRS (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001 and r = 0.61, P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The new squatting test indices provide useful information for assessing autonomic neuropathy and for identifying diabetic patients at high risk of cardiovascular events.
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Shinohara T, Hotta K, Oyama T. Rectal carcinoid tumor, 6 mm in diameter, with lymph node metastases. Endoscopy 2008; 40 Suppl 2:E40-1. [PMID: 18302079 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Kazuki Y, Hoshiya H, Kai Y, Abe S, Takiguchi M, Osaki M, Kawazoe S, Katoh M, Kanatsu-Shinohara M, Inoue K, Kajitani N, Yoshino T, Shirayoshi Y, Ogura A, Shinohara T, Barrett JC, Oshimura M. Correction of a genetic defect in multipotent germline stem cells using a human artificial chromosome. Gene Ther 2008; 15:617-24. [PMID: 18305578 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3303091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) have several advantages as gene therapy vectors, including stable episomal maintenance that avoids insertional mutations and the ability to carry large gene inserts including regulatory elements. Multipotent germline stem (mGS) cells have a great potential for gene therapy because they can be generated from an individual's testes, and when reintroduced can contribute to the specialized function of any tissue. As a proof of concept, we herein report the functional restoration of a genetic deficiency in mouse p53-/- mGS cells, using a HAC with a genomic human p53 gene introduced via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. The p53 phenotypes of gene regulation and radiation sensitivity were complemented by introducing the p53-HAC and the cells differentiated into several different tissue types in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the combination of using mGS cells with HACs provides a new tool for gene and cell therapies. The next step is to demonstrate functional restoration using animal models for future gene therapy.
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Shinohara T, Ohyama S, Muto T, Yanaga K, Yamaguchi T. The significance of the aberrant left hepatic artery arising from the left gastric artery at curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 33:967-71. [PMID: 17418995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 02/25/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An aberrant left hepatic artery (ALHA) is occasionally encountered during esophagogastric surgery. However, at curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer, it is questionable as to whether the ALHA need to be divided in order to maximize lymph node clearance and the issue requires clarification. METHODS We encountered 50 patients with an ALHA during curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer between 1997 and 2001. Data concerning operative feasibility, postoperative liver function and therapeutic value of nodal dissection were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS For 27 patients, we preserved the ALHA, and for the remaining 23 patients, we divided the ALHA at the origin of the left gastric artery (LGA). Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were statistically significant higher on postoperative day (POD) 1 (P=0.0008 and P=0.0007), and on POD 3 (P=0.001 and P=0.008), respectively, in the ALHA-divided group. Patients who underwent a total gastrectomy predominated in the ALHA-divided group, the total number of dissected lymph nodes being higher in the ALHA-divided group (P=0.018). However, the total numbers of dissected lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes around the LGA were similar in the 2 groups (P=0.447 and P=0.128), respectively. No significant differences were seen between the 2 groups in morbidity and mortality. The overall 5-year survival rates were also comparable. CONCLUSIONS Although a prospective study is required, this study suggested that routine division of the ALHA may not always be required for curative gastrectomy.
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Shimomura S, Hayashi Y, Morita H, Shinohara T. Behavior of Mercury Vapor Upon Irradiation by a Mercury Lamp in an Inert Gas. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032717308058732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Taguchi M, Konishi H, Shinohara T, Aizawa K, Takahashi H, Tateishi A, Sakano Y, Kaminishi Y, Ohki S, Saito T, Kawada M, Misawa Y. [Ascending aortic aneurysm following aortic valve replacement due to aortitis syndrome; report of a case]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2006; 59:1103-5. [PMID: 17094550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A 60-year-old woman had previously undergone aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation. As the aortic wall was elastic hard, inflammatory change was suspected; therefore, we undertook a partial biopsy of the ascending aortic wall and the intraoperative pathological specimens were compatible with aortitis syndrome. As there was no active inflammatory change, she was diagnosed as inactive aortitis syndrome and steroid therapy was not applied. Seven years later, a follow-up computed tomography (CT) showed an ascending aortic aneurysm of 65 mm in diameter. Aortic root replacement was planned based on a clinical diagnosis of an aneurysm of the ascending aorta. The patient was discharged without complication 21 days after surgery. It is possible that an inactive stage of aortitis may lead to late dilatation of the ascending aorta; therefore, careful postoperative follow-up is necessary in such cases.
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Kono Y, Takizawa H, Yamaji I, Takada T, Shinohara T, Tanaka S, McGill RL. Pulmonary atheroembolism via an AV shunt. J Vasc Access 2006; 7:139-42. [PMID: 17019668 DOI: 10.1177/112972980600700310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cholesterol crystal embolism can present with diffuse visceral involvement, lung lesions do not occur unless there is left to right circulatory shunting. Pulmonary atheroembolism was confirmed by histology in an elderly male with recent end-stage renal failure (ESRF) due to atheroembolic renal disease, who presented with massive hemoptysis and intractable respiratory failure. At autopsy, atheromatous degeneration of the aorta was observed and acute cholesterol emboli found in the kidneys, spleen, liver, stomach and lung. Cholesterol clefts were seen in pulmonary arterioles, and ischemic alveolar damage was present. The pulmonary arteries had no atheromatous changes. Intrapulmonary, intracardiac, and aortocaval shunting were not present. Pulmonary atheroembolism arising from a dialysis fistula has not been previously reported.
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Shinohara T, Ohyama S, Muto T, Kato Y, Yanaga K, Yamaguchi T. Clinical outcome of high segmental gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach. Br J Surg 2006; 93:975-80. [PMID: 16739101 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reflux oesophagitis is commonly encountered in the surgical treatment of cancer of the upper third of the stomach. The aim of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique and evaluate the clinical outcome of high segmental gastrectomy for early-stage proximal gastric cancer. METHODS Thirty consecutive patients with early gastric cancer located in the upper third of the stomach were included, of whom 12 underwent high segmental gastrectomy and 18 underwent proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition. The incidence of reflux oesophagitis and nutritional parameters were compared between the two groups at 1 year after operation. RESULTS One patient had mild reflux symptoms and two had endoscopic evidence of oesophagitis 1 year after high segmental gastrectomy. Half of the patients who had proximal gastrectomy had reflux symptoms of varying severity and 14 had endoscopic evidence of oesophageal changes at 1 year after surgery. There were significant differences between groups in the incidence of reflux symptoms (P = 0.016) and endoscopically detected gastro-oesophagitis (P < 0.001). There were no adverse events in either group, and the survival rate after high segmental gastrectomy appeared favourable. CONCLUSION Selected patients with early-stage proximal gastric cancer benefit from high segmental gastrectomy in terms of reduced reflex oesophagitis, without jeopardizing curability.
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Anan F, Takahashi N, Shinohara T, Nakagawa M, Masaki T, Katsuragi I, Tanaka K, Kakuma T, Yonemochi H, Eshima N, Saikawa T, Yoshimatsu H. Smoking is associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2006; 36:459-65. [PMID: 16796602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction are associated with high mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. This study tested the hypothesis that smoking is associated with insulin resistance/hyperinsulinaemia and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients who are not treated with insulin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study patients were 22 current smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age: 57 +/- 5 years, mean +/- SD) and 30 age-matched never-smoked patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (control group, 57 +/- 8 years). The quality of blood glucose was assessed by fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting immunoreactive insulin (F-IRI), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The severity of smoking status was expressed by the Brinkman index, which is calculated as number of cigarettes per day multiplied by years of smoking. Cardiovascular autonomic function was assessed by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), heart-rate variability, plasma norepinephrine concentration and cardiac (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphic findings. RESULTS Baroreflex sensitivity was lower in the current smokers group than in the never-smoked group (P < 0.05). Early and delayed (123)I-MIBG myocardial uptake values were lower (P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively) and the percentage washout-rate of (123)I-MIBG was higher (P < 0.0001) in the current smokers group than in the never-smoked group. Fasting immunoreactive insulin (F-IRI) concentration (P < 0.0001) and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index (P < 0.0001) were higher in the current smokers group than the never-smoked group. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking was independently predicted by F-IRI and the percentage washout-rate of (123)I-MIBG. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study suggested that smoking was associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and hyperinsulinaemia and that F-IRI and the percentage washout-rate of (123)I-MIBG were independent predictors of smoking in these Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Singh DP, Kubo E, Takamura Y, Shinohara T, Kumar A, Chylack LT, Fatma N. DNA Binding Domains and Nuclear Localization Signal of LEDGF: Contribution of two Helix-Turn-Helix (HTH)-like Domains and a Stretch of 58 Amino Acids of the N-terminal to the Trans-activation Potential of LEDGF. J Mol Biol 2006; 355:379-94. [PMID: 16318853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2005] [Revised: 10/15/2005] [Accepted: 10/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lens epithelium derived growth factor (LEDGF), a nuclear protein, plays a role in regulating the transcription of stress-associated genes such as heat shock proteins by binding to consensus core DNA sequences nAGGn or nGAAn or their repeats, and in doing so helps to provide cyto-protection. However, additional information is required to identify the specific structural features of LEDGF involved in gene transcription. Here we have investigated the functional domains activating and repressing DNA-binding modules, by using a DNA binding assay and trans-activation experiments performed by analyzing proteins prepared from deletion constructs. The results disclosed the DNA-binding domain of N-terminal LEDGF mapped between amino acid residues 5 and 62, a 58 amino acid residue stretch PWWP domain which binds to stress response elements (STRE; A/TGGGGA/T). C-terminal LEDGF contains activation domains, an extensive loop-region (aa 418-530) with two helix-turn-helix (HTH)-like domains, and binds to a heat shock element (HSE; nGAAn). A trans-activation assay using Hsp27 promoter revealed that both HTH domains contribute in a cooperative manner to the trans-activation potential of LEDGF. Interestingly, removal of N-terminal LEDGF (aa 1-187) significantly enhances the gene activation potential of C-terminal LEDGF (aa 199-530); thus the N-terminal domain (aa 5-62), exhibits auto-transcriptional repression activity. It appears that this domain is involved in stabilizing the LEDGF-DNA binding complex. Collectively, our results demonstrate that LEDGF contains three DNA-binding domains, which regulate gene expression depending on cellular microenvironment and thus modify the physiology of cells to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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