26
|
Wollina U, Hipler UC, Seeling A, Oelschlager H. Investigations of interactions of chlormezanone racemate and its enantiomers on human keratinocytes and human leucoytes in vitro. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2005; 18:132-8. [PMID: 15897685 DOI: 10.1159/000084910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chlormezanone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant introduced in human therapy as a racemic substance. The following investigation was performed in order to investigate whether the racemate and both enantiomers differ in their potential cytotoxicty in vitro. We investigated antiproliferative effects and cytotoxicity (PicoGreen and ATP assay) for human HaCaT keratinocytes, production of oxygen radicals (ROS) by human interleukin-3-stimulated leukocytes (Lucigenin assay) and production of sulfoleukotrienes (Cellular Antigen Stimulation Test - CAST) by human leukocytes. In the dosage range of 0.001 to 0.1 mg/ ml chlormezanone, no antiproliferative effects were measured with the racemate and both enantiomers. At 1.0 mg/ml, a decrease of proliferative activity was seen after 48 h incubation time of about 50% for the enantiomers and of about 80% for the racemate (PicoGreen) and 50% (enantiomers) or 21% (racemate) in the ATP assay, respectively. ROS production was significantly inhibited at concentrations < or =0.01 mg/ ml by the racemate and the (+)-enantiomer, whereas the (-)-enantiomer was less effective. There was no stimulation of sulfidoleukotrienes in human leukocytes by chlormezanone. Present data argue for absence of significant cytotoxicity against human HaCaT keratinocytes and a dose-dependent suppression of ROS production by human leukocytes that is not uniform among the racemate and its enantiomers.
Collapse
|
27
|
Wollina U, Künkel W, Bulling L, Fünfstück C, Knöll B, Vennewald I, Hipler UC. Candida albicans-induced inflammatory response in human keratinocytes. Candida albicans-induzierte Entzundungsantwort humaner Keratinozyten. Mycoses 2004; 47:193-9. [PMID: 15189182 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2004.00976.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans strains 3153a, ATCC 48867, CBS 2730, DSM 70014, and Vir 13 were cultivated and sterile C. albicans filtrates were produced. The interaction of soluble Candida factors of these infiltrates with human HaCaT keratinocytes was assayed in vitro. The following parameters were analyzed: cell proliferation, protein synthesis, nuclear matrix protein (NMP) 41 release, cytokine release (IL-1beta, soluble IL-2 receptor, IL-6, and IL-8), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell counts at 1, 12, and 24 h were significantly lower for C. albicans strains CBS 2730 and VIR 13 (P < 0.05). There was no significant change for the remaining strains. Neither the protein synthesis nor the NMP-41 release was significantly affected. IL-6 and IL-8 were stimulated by C. albicans filtrates to different amounts with higher levels in strains of low virulence. There was no effect on the other cytokines. The production of ROS by HaCaT keratinocytes was suppressed. The induction of an inflammatory keratinocyte response by soluble C. albicans factors may play a role among the host-yeast interactions.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hipler UC, Fischer TW, Elsner P. HaCaT cell proliferation influenced by melatonin. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 16:379-85. [PMID: 14528062 DOI: 10.1159/000072933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2002] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The hormone melatonin is characterized by numerous pharmacological effects. The influence of melatonin on the growth of the human hair follicle was shown in previous investigations. In the present study, the effects of melatonin were investigated by means of proliferation tests of HaCaT keratinocytes using the [3H]thymidine incorporation, a fluorescence assay with Hoechst dye 33342 and the ATP bioluminescence assay. The aim of the study was to find melatonin concentrations suitable for treatments of the skin and whether there is a cytotoxic effect on HaCaT cells. The different proliferative activity of melatonin depending on its concentration and the time of incubation could be shown in all investigations.
Collapse
|
29
|
Erdmann SM, Hipler UC, Merk HF, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Sensitization to Fig with Cross-Sensitization to Weeping Fig and Natural Rubber Latex. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2004; 133:316. [PMID: 15017114 DOI: 10.1159/000077214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
30
|
Wollina U, Frenkl A, Knöll B, Hipler UC, Wetzker R. Inhibition of signal transduction in EGF-dependent epithelial cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2003; 12:673-7. [PMID: 12964053 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.12.4.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor plays a pivotal role in growth regulation of epidermal keratinocytes. Its expression and function can be markedly altered during malignant transformation in squamous cell carcinoma. The present study investigated the potential of growth inhibition by signal-transduction inhibitors in EGF-dependent epithelial cell lines in vitro. Benign HaCaT keratinocytes and malignant A431 cells were grown in vitro and exposed to various concentrations of a panel of eleven kinase and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Cell growth was measured after 24 h and 48 h using fluorescence labeling with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide. Significant growth inhibition was achieved with all inhibitors when applied to HaCaT cells. The strongest growth inhibition was achieved with inhibitors H-7, A3 and diacylglycerol kinase inhibitors I and II. A431 cells were inhibited significantly by H-7, A3 and H-9. Selected signal-transduction inhibitors such as A3, H-7 and H-9 acting on intracellular kinases are capable of suppressing growth of EGF-dependent benign and malignant epithelial cell lines in vitro. They might be of future potential in the treatment of epithelial cancer but further studies are necessary.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ehlers I, Hipler UC, Zuberbier T, Worm M. Ethanol as a cause of hypersensitivity reactions to alcoholic beverages. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32:1231-5. [PMID: 12190664 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.01457.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse reactions after ingestion of alcoholic beverages are common. Metabolic differences in individuals and also the histamine content in alcoholic beverages have been implicated. By contrast pure ethanol has rarely been reported as a cause of hypersensitivity reactions and its mechanism has not been clarified yet. OBJECTIVE To determine whether ethanol itself accounts for alcohol hypersensitivity in patients with anaphylactic reactions after alcohol intake. In search of possible pathomechanisms all patients were analysed by skin prick testing and sulfidoleukotriene production of peripheral leucocytes using ethanol and its metabolites. METHODS Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges with a cumulated amount of 30 mL ethanol were performed in 12 adult patients with a positive history of adverse reactions after consumption of different alcoholic beverages. Skin prick tests and measurement of sulfidoleukotriene production were performed using different concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde from 50 to 1000 mm. RESULTS Oral challenges with pure ethanol were positive in six out of eleven patients. All challenge-positive patients, but also four out of five challenge-negative patients, showed an increased sulfidoleukotriene production in-vitro compared with healthy controls. Skin prick tests using alcoholic beverages, ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetic acid were negative in all patients (12/12). CONCLUSION Our study shows that ethanol itself is a common causative factor in hypersensitivity reactions to alcoholic beverages. These reactions occur dose-dependent and a non-IgE-mediated pathomechanism is likely, because skin prick tests were negative in all cases. Increased sulfidoleukotriene production was determined in some patients, but is no reliable predictor. Therefore oral provocation tests remain indispensable in making the diagnosis of ethanol hypersensitivity.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sander CS, Hipler UC, Wollina U, Elsner P. Inhibitory effect of terbinafine on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by Candida albicans. Mycoses 2002; 45:152-5. [PMID: 12100530 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0507.2002.00756.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans, the most important opportunistic fungal pathogen, is able to generate remarkable amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since ROS are highly cytotoxic, this mechanism may contribute to the pathogenicity of this yeast, including its invasiveness and the inflammatory response of the host. Terbinafine, a synthetic antifungal agent of the allylamine class, inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis at the level of squalene epoxidase. Furthermore, there is evidence that terbinafine at therapeutic concentrations can be considered a free radical scavenger in vitro and could exert an anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. In this study we investigated whether terbinafine affects the generation of ROS by C. albicans. Blastoconidia of the C. albicans strain 3153A were cultured in YEPG-medium and, subsequently, incubated with different doses of terbinafine (1, 10 and 100 microg ml(-1)) for 10 and 60 min, respectively. ROS generation was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Formation of ROS was considerably dependent on cell number. Chemiluminescence signals were measured at a concentration > or = 1 x 10(6) cells ml(-1), with a maximum of 1 x 10(8) cells ml(-)1. Already after 10 min of incubation with terbinafine, a dose-dependent significant inhibition of ROS generation was found (P < 0.05), whereas after 60 min this effect was amplified. In conclusion, terbinafine reduced the ability of C. albicans to generate ROS. Besides the known effect on ergosterol biosynthesis, this mechanism may contribute to its antifungal action.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wollina U, Hipler UC, Knöll B, Graefe T, Kaatz M, Kirsch K. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-2 in patients with malignant melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2001; 127:631-5. [PMID: 11599800 DOI: 10.1007/s004320100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structurally related zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are able to degrade extracellular matrix components. MMPs play a role in tumor invasion and tumor metastasis. MMP-2 (also known as gelatinase A) is expressed in human melanoma cells. METHODS In this study, we measured MMP-2 in 337 serum probes of 166 melanoma patients with a recently developed enzyme immunoassay and compared these data with the tumor stage, presence of metastases, and the levels of S100beta and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in serum. RESULTS The mean levels were (189.2 +/- 50.8) ng/ml for MMP-2, (263.2 +/- 74.1) ng/ml for sICAM-1, and (0.424 +/- 1.568) U/ml for S100beta. There was a statistical significant correlation of MMP-2 with sICAM-1 (P=0.05) and Sl00beta (P=0.01). The mean MMP-2 levels (in ng/ml) in patients with metastatic melanoma were 196.4 +/- 54.0 versus 182.6 +/- 46.9 in non-metastasizing melanoma (P=0.037). However, there was no significant difference in MMP-2 levels between the different tumor stages. CONCLUSION Determination of MMP-2 serum levels is of limited value as a tumor marker in melanoma, though there are higher levels in the more advanced disease.
Collapse
|
34
|
Wollina U, Looks A, Meyer J, Knopf B, Koch HJ, Liebold K, Hipler UC. Treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma stage II with interferon-alpha-2a and extracorporeal photochemotherapy: a prospective controlled trial. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 941:210-3. [PMID: 11594576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
35
|
Fischer TW, Scholz G, Knöll B, Hipler UC, Elsner P. Melatonin reduces UV-induced reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner in IL-3-stimulated leukocytes. J Pineal Res 2001; 31:39-45. [PMID: 11485003 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-079x.2001.310106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are presumed to be involved in inflammatory UV reactions of the skin. This in vitro study was performed to investigate the suppressive effect of melatonin in interleukin-3 (IL-3) stimulated leukocytes. Neutrophilic granulocytes were isolated from EDTA-treated whole blood and placed in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing IL-3. Cell suspensions were either treated with PBS (control) or with increasing doses of melatonin (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10 mmol). One PBS solution was left unirradiated and the other nine solutions (PBS and melatonin) were irradiated with 750 mJ/cm2 UVB light (280-360 nm, max: 310 nm). Radical formation was measured by the chemiluminescence technique. UV-irradiated leukocytes showed a 5-fold higher radical formation than unirradiated leukocytes. Melatonin, in increasing doses in powers of ten, led to a maximum suppression of free radicals at 10 nmol (P= 0.01) and 1 mmol melatonin (P= 0.001), showing a biphasic, non-linear, dose response relationship. Melatonin, given in amounts of 0.1-10 mmol, led to a direct dose-dependent suppression of ROS. Radical formation was suppressed significantly in a range from 0.5 to 10 mmol (P= 0.001). Melatonin is known to function as a radical scavenger and antioxidant; some of these melatonin effects may be receptor independent, while others may be receptor dependent.
Collapse
|
36
|
Hipler UC, Wigger-Alberti W, Bauer A, Elsner P. [Monascus purpureus: a new fungus of allergenic relevance]. Mycoses 2001; 43 Suppl 2:29-31. [PMID: 11291573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Anaphylactic reactions to food containing allergens in the consumption or preparation of food are well known. However, allergy in the preparation of sausages have rarely been described. In the present study a 26-year-old butcher was investigated who had a severe anaphylactic reaction developing sneezing, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, generalised pruritus, followed by widespread urticaria, Quincke's oedema and dyspnoe after starting to prepare sausages containing red yield rice. Red yield rice is produced from polished and washed rice by means of the fungus Monascus purpureus. It was the first time that Monascus purpureus could be shown as allergic agent by means of prick-to-prick test, Cellular Antigen Stimulation Test (CAST) and different other immunoblots.
Collapse
|
37
|
Hipler UC, Hochheim B, Knöll B, Tittelbach J, Schreiber G. Serum inhibin B as a marker for spermatogenesis. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 2001; 46:217-22. [PMID: 11339648 DOI: 10.1080/01485010151096540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Inhibin B generated by Sertoli cells provides negative feedback on FSH secretion. In men, inhibin B seems to be the physiologically important form of inhibin. Serum inhibin B was measured by two-site immunoenzymatic assay in 40 normal men (27 years of age) with sperm concentrations 100 +/- 9.2 x 10(6)/mL, 51 subfertile men (31 years of age) with sperm concentrations 6.8 +/- 0.8 x 10(6)/mL, 16 men with varicocele with sperm concentrations 54.3 +/- 0.8 x 10(6)/mL (31 years of age), men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, men with Klinefelter syndrome, and men with obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. In men with normal sperm concentrations (>20 x 10(6) mL) serum inhibin B was 201 +/- 17 pg/mL and FSH 4 +/- 0.5 IU/L. Varicocele patients showed normal sperm concentrations > 20 x 10(6)/mL, normal serum inhibin B (173 +/- 21 pg/mL), and normal FSH levels (4.6 +/- 0.6 IU/L). In patients with sperm concentrations < 20 x 10(6)/mL the inhibin B level was 118 +/- 14 pg/mL and the FSH level was 10 +/- 1.1 IU/L. In all patients, except those with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and Klinefelter syndrome. inhibin B and FSH were inversely correlated (r = -.41, p > 0.01). There was a positive correlation between inhibin B and sperm concentrations (r = .34, p < .01). In varicocele men there was a correlation of r = .574, p < .05. Inhibin B may be a marker of exocrine testicular function and may offer an improved diagnosis of testicular dysfunction.
Collapse
|
38
|
Berlau J, Hipler UC, Schreiber G. [Efficiency of conventional glass wool and SpermFertil columns with respect to ROS-reduction, leukocyte reduction, and CASA-generated sperm counts in semen]. ZENTRALBLATT FUR GYNAKOLOGIE 2001; 122:428-32. [PMID: 11005134 DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-10603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glass wool filtration has proved to be useful to separate motile from defective spermatozoa and leukocytes in semen from patients with oligozoospermia and azoospermia. With regard to that, we set out to investigate the efficiency of two widely used filter systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS Semen from 10 patients attending the Dept. of Andrology, FSU Jena, were investigated with home-made coarse glass wool filters and SpermFertil columns regarding elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enrichment of semen with motile and progressive spermatozoa. RESULTS Filtration with home-made glass wool columns did not affect the percentage of motile spermatozoa but increased that of progressive spermatozoa. The whole cell count was decreased by a third. Leukocytes were reduced by half and ROS by more than half. SpermFertil columns increased the percentage of both motile and progressive spermatozoa and the whole cell count was decreased severely. Leukocytes were eliminated almost completely, as were ROS. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the higher potential of SpermFertil columns to enrich semen specimens with motile and progressive spermatozoa and to almost completely eliminate leukocytes and ROS in comparison to home-made glass wool columns. However, SpermFertil columns reduce the whole cell count to about 10% of the original cell count.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wollina U, Looks A, Meyer J, Knopf B, Koch HJ, Liebold K, Hipler UC. Treatment of stage II cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with interferon alfa-2a and extracorporeal photochemotherapy: a prospective controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 44:253-60. [PMID: 11174383 DOI: 10.1067/mjd.2001.110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both interferon alpha and extracorporeal photochemotherapy have been shown to be effective in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). However, no prospective trial has been published on the combination of both treatments, although retrospective investigations suggested a better efficacy than for either interferon or extracorporeal photochemotherapy. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combined interferon alfa-2a with extracorporeal photochemotherapy in a prospective controlled trial. METHODS A prospective controlled study was performed. Fourteen patients (all male) aged 38 to 72 years with CTCL of the mycosis fungoides type, stage IIa/IIb, and a 72-year-old male patient with a Ki-1 lymphoma were treated twice a month for 6 months with extracorporeal photochemotherapy using oral 8-methoxypsoralen as photosensitizer in combination with interferon alfa-2a subcutaneously 3 times a week in the maximal tolerable dosage (ie, up to 18 x 10(6) U). The effects were investigated by a skin score, staging, histologic score (density of the T-cell infiltrate; from 0 = absent to 3 = heavy), immunohistology, and laboratory investigations including total peripheral T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R). RESULTS After 6 months, best response was a complete response (CR) in 4 patients, a partial response (PR) in 3, and a stable disease (SD) in 7 of 14 patients (overall response rate [CR + PR] 50%). In responders the time to best response was 4.3 +/- 1.4 months. The skin score decreased from 22.5 +/- 8.1 to 15.1 +/- 11.0 (P <.001), the histologic score decreased from 2.57 +/- 0.51 to 1.21 +/- 0.80 (P <.001). In the lesional skin the percentage of CD4 cells decreased from 75% to 51% (P =.038) and Ki-67-positive cells decreased from 6.7% to 2.4% (P =.001). The total T-cell count/microL decreased from 1018.9 +/- 557.1 to 667.9 +/- 417.9 (P =.012), and the CD4/CD8 ratio also decreased from 1.88 +/- 0.92 to 1.51 +/- 0.67 (P =.038). The sIL-2R levels did not change significantly during the first 4 months of treatment. Among patients of stage IIa the response rate was 60% in contrast to only 25% of those in stage IIb. Side effects were seen temporarily, ranging from grade 0 to grade 3. There was no need for additional therapy, but interferon dose was decreased because of side effects. After 1 year of follow-up the total response rate was 46.2% (6 of 13 patients): 5 of 9 with stage IIa(55.6%) and 1 of 4 with stage IIb (25.0%). CONCLUSION These results indicate that patients with CTCL stage IIa can achieve a total response rate of 56% with combined interferon alfa-2a and extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Responders seem to experience their best response within the first 6 months of treatment. The treatment is well tolerated and does not cause severe side effects.
Collapse
|
40
|
Schreiber G, Hipler UC. [Symptom of micro-orchism for fertility and endocrine testicular function]. DER HAUTARZT 2000; 51:833-7. [PMID: 11116847 DOI: 10.1007/s001050051226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There are no reliable findings regarding the frequency and etiology of the spermatogenetic and endocrine functional restrictions in the small testicle (microorchidism). This information is needed to properly assess the risk when multiple testicular biopsies for assisted reproduction techniques lead to further volume reduction. PATIENTS/METHODS 535 patients consulting our andrological clinic were included into the study. Orchidometric findings were corelated to spermatological data. Furthermore, FSH, Inhibin B, LH, testosterone and 17 estradiol were analysed. In 116 cases extended andrological studies clarified the etiology of the microorchidism. RESULTS 26.5% of the patients had a testicular volume < or = 12 ml, 67.1% were in the normal area, 6.4% show a testicular volume > 25 ml. Patients with small testicles had azoospermia in 44.6%, OAT-syndrome in 20.2% and endocrine hypogonadism in 19.8%. The most frequent causes were Klinefelter-syndrome, maldescensus testis, varicocele, secondary atrophies and idiopathic clinical pictures. CONCLUSIONS Microorchidism is understood as a one-sided testicular volume < or = 12 ml in adult men. We consider the risky taking of tissue out of the small testicle as avoidable, if predictive diagnostic factors for the discovering of spermatozoa via operation are analysed. An androgen-substitution in microorchidism may be carried out in selected individuals.
Collapse
|
41
|
Berlau J, Roemer W, Oettel M, Hipler UC, Patchev V, Schreiber G. 17 Alpha-oestradiol and 17 beta-oestradiol do not affect basal and follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated inhibin B secretion by highly purified rat Sertoli cells. Andrologia 2000; 32:345-9. [PMID: 11131843 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0272.2000.00354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of 17 alpha-oestradiol and 17 beta-oestradiol on basal and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated inhibin B secretion by rat Sertoli cells were studied. Sertoli cells were isolated and cultivated from testes of 18-day-old Wistar rats in the presence and absence of FSH and different doses of oestrogens. On day 4 of culture, secreted inhibin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neither 17 alpha-oestradiol nor 17 beta-oestradiol had any effect on the secreted inhibin level in either the presence or absence of FSH. It is concluded that these oestradiols do not play an essential role in regulatory processes involving inhibin or FSH.
Collapse
|
42
|
Karamfilov T, Wollina U, Hipler UC, Graefe T, Schreiber G. Effects of adjuvant interferon-alpha low-dose therapy in melanoma patients on serum inhibin B. J Dermatol 2000; 27:639-42. [PMID: 11092267 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2000.tb02245.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Because the primary aim of adjuvant therapy for melanoma is not curative, all the possible aspects of quality of life have to be considered. One aspect of increasing importance is fertility. The effect of adjuvant interferon alpha-therapy for malignant melanoma on male fertility has not been systematically investigated. In the present study, twelve male patients with primary cutaneous melanoma (pT3, 4; N0; M0) who were taking adjuvant low-dose interferon alpha2b (3 x 3 mio U/week) for one year were included. Inhibin B--an established marker of male fertility-was measured with an immunosorbent assay before and after one year of interferon alpha-therapy to investigate whether this treatment has any influence on fertility. The results were compared with those from normal controls (n=40). The mean serum inhibin B concentration in melanoma patients before interferon therapy was 225.4 +/- 112.5 pg/mL; after treatment the level was 229.6 +/- 82.0 pg/mL. This difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The serum inhibin B concentration in controls was 201.5 +/- 17.1 pg/mL, which was not statistically different from either untreated or interferon-treated melanoma patients (p>0.05). We conclude that low-dose interferon alpha does not have a significant (negative) effect on inhibin B or male fertility.
Collapse
|
43
|
Schröter C, Hipler UC, Wilmer A, Künkel W, Wollina U. Generation of reactive oxygen species by Candida albicans in relation to morphogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res 2000; 292:260-4. [PMID: 10867815 DOI: 10.1007/s004030050484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is able to generate significant amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, ROS generation by yeast and hyphal forms of the strain 3153 A was analyzed to determine whether ROS generation could be a major factor in the invasive behavior of germinative cells. Furthermore, the virulent strain CA6 and its avirulent and agerminative mutant VIR3 were compared. ROS were measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and a cytochrome c assay. During the blastoconidial phase of all strains moderate amounts of ROS were found at cell concentrations > 1 x 10(5)/ml. However, ROS generation appeared to be specifically inhibited at cell concentrations > 1 x 10(8)/ml, and this was found in both assays. As shown in comparative experiments, the medium used for measurement markedly affected the total amount of ROS. Hyphae of strain 3153 A generated a significantly higher amount of ROS than yeast cells and cells with germ tubes (P < 0.001). The strain CA6 showed significantly higher ROS generation than the VIR3 strain for both blastoconidiae and after 30 min of induction of hypha formation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, hypha formation, usually acknowledged as a major factor in Candida pathogenicity, was associated with markedly increased ROS formation. ROS generation was not closely linked to the ability to form hyphae, but was highest in germinative cells.
Collapse
|
44
|
Hipler UC, Görnig M, Hipler B, Römer W, Schreiber G. Stimulation and scavestrogen-induced inhibition of reactive oxygen species generated by rat sertoli cells. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 2000; 44:147-54. [PMID: 10746872 DOI: 10.1080/014850100262326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Sertoli cells harvested from 18-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs under unstimulated and stimulated conditions. Thus, the generation of ROS and its regulation by stimulating and inhibiting compounds was determined as a lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence reaction. According to the data, ROS generation was influenced by different cell preparation conditions--stimulating substances such as PMA, FMLP, C5a, A23187, and scavestrogens characterized by antioxidant, radical-scavenging properties. The mechanical homogenization during cell preparation procedures leads to an increase of ROS generation. ROS generation of Sertoli cells was followed by elected substances in the following rank order of efficacy: PMA > FMLP > or = C5a > Ca-ionophore A23187. The registered inhibiting effects of the scavestrogens J811 and J861 were significant. The measured CL counts decreased at 72 and 77%, respectively, of control experiments done without scavestrogens. The generation of reactive oxygen species in Sertoli cells and especially the increase in oxygen free radicals and their effects on cellular structures of spermatids are directly involved in inducing morphological alterations. Sertoli cells play an important role in spermatogenesis. The measurements of ROS may have clinical relevance in the evaluation of infertility.
Collapse
|
45
|
Wollina U, Karte K, Hipler UC, Knöll B, Kirsch K, Herold C. Serum protein s100beta in patients with malignant melanoma detected by an immunoluminometric assay. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2000; 126:107-10. [PMID: 10664251 DOI: 10.1007/s004320050018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
S100 protein is well established as a diagnostic tool in malignant melanoma immunohistology. In this study we measured S100beta in serum with a recently developed luminometric immunoassay with a detection limit of 0.02 microg/l. By measuring S-100beta in a group of apparently healthy individuals a mean value of 0.031 +/- 0.026 microg/l was found. In the reference group, serum S100beta was below 0.12 microg/l in all cases. To assess the sensitivity of the assay we investigated serum S-100beta levels in 371 serum samples of 315 patients with histological proven malignant melanoma at different disease stages. Staging was performed according to the German Society of Dermatology classification. Significant differences were observed between the control group and stages IIb (P = 0.01) and IV (P = 0.001). In tumour-bearing patients of stages IIIb and IV, the difference was highly significant (P < 0.0001). S100beta > 0.20 microg/l helps to distinguish between tumour-free and tumour-bearing patients with a specificity of 97.0% and a sensitivity of 64.6%. Our results demonstrate the serum S100beta is of limited value as a melanoma marker. However, it has clinical significance for identifying tumour-positive patients in advanced malignant melanoma stages III and IV.
Collapse
|
46
|
Wigger-Alberti W, Bauer A, Hipler UC, Elsner P. Anaphylaxis due to Monascus purpureus-fermented rice (red yeast rice). Allergy 1999; 54:1330-1. [PMID: 10688441 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Fischer TW, Bauer A, Hipler UC, Elsner P. Non-immunologic contact urticaria from chrysanthemum confirmed by the CAST method. Complement-activated (C5a) cellular antigen stimulation test. Contact Dermatitis 1999; 41:293-5. [PMID: 10554070 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
48
|
Wollina U, Oelzner S, Looks A, Hipler UC, Knöll B, Lange D, Balogh A, Merkel U, Hein G, Oelzner P, Uhlemann C, Vogelsang H. [Progressive systemic sclerosis - treatment results of extracorporeal photopheresis]. DER HAUTARZT 1999; 50:637-42. [PMID: 10501679 DOI: 10.1007/s001050050973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is still unsatisfactory. We report on clinical, laboratory and immunological findings in 26 patients with PSS (6 males, 20 women) treated with extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) for 8 cycles in a nonrandomized, uncontrolled study. ECP was performed on two consecutive days once a month. 8-methoxypsoralen concentrations in plasma and buffy coat were monitored by HPLC. We performed a standardized examination programme and determined parameters of inflammation and immune function. Global assessment revealed a partial remission in 18 patients, a stable disease in 8 patients and a slight progression in one patient. In the peripheral blood count a significant increase of CD3-positive NK cells was noted (p=0.03) although the leukocyte count decreased from 2,255 to 1,156 cells/microl. There was a non-significant decrease of elastase (102. 9 vs. 90.4 ng/ml), sulfidoleukotriens (2,255.4 vs. 1,688.9 pg/ml), ICAM-1 (301.9 vs. 276.6 ng/ml), soluble IL-2 receptor (609.0 vs. 422. 3 U/ml), and IL-10 (164.7 vs. 138.7 pg/ml). IL-6 and IL-8 did not show significant changes. The ECP treatment of patients with PSS shows immunomodulatory effects changing levels of pro-inflammatory and cytokine substances. Even after 8 cycles partial remission or stable disease is seen in patients as shown by global assessment and certain clinical symptoms. On the other hand, sufficient data on the long-term outcome are still missing.
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Wollina U, Karte K, Hipler UC, Olbertz K. Soluble ICAM-1 seems to be related to prognosis in malignant melanoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1999; 12:264-6. [PMID: 10461652 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.1999.tb01043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|