[About development of operativeness of medical information data system of central military clinical hospital n. a. N.N.Burdenko]

The authors presented the data about the development of operativeness of medical automated information data system of CMCH n. a. N.N.Burdenko with developing and formation of control center of hospitalization, data processing center, situation room and central archives of diagnostic data. It significantly improved diagnostic and treatment processes in hospital medical and preventive association. Consolidation of dependent prevention and treatment facilities of Moscow Region will provide effective administration of medical supply of attached cohort, administration of hospital association of CMCH n. a. N.N.Burdenko and medical service of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation, in general.

Investigation of plasma instabilities in the stagnated Z pinch

High-resolution laser probing diagnostics at a wavelength of 266 nm allow observation of the internal structure and instabilities in dense stagnated Z pinches, typically hidden by trailing material. The internal structure of the 1-MA Z pinch includes strong kink and sausage instabilities, loops, flares, and disruptions. Mid- and small-scale density perturbations develop in the precursor and main pinch. The three-dimensional shape and dynamics of the wire-array Z pinch are predetermined by the initial configuration of the wire array. Cylindrical, linear, and star wire-array Z pinches present different sets of instabilities seeded to the pinch at the implosion stage. Prolonged implosion of trailing mass can enhance x-ray production in wire arrays. Fast plasma motion with a velocity >100 km/s was observed in the Z pinch at stagnation with two-frame shadowgraphy. Development of instabilities in wire arrays is in agreement with three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations.

Propagation of a laser-driven relativistic electron beam inside a solid dielectric

Laser probe diagnostics: shadowgraphy, interferometry, and polarimetry were used for a comprehensive characterization of ionization wave dynamics inside a glass target induced by a laser-driven, relativistic electron beam. Experiments were done using the 50-TW Leopard laser at the University of Nevada, Reno. We show that for a laser flux of ∼2 × 10(18) W/cm2 a hemispherical ionization wave propagates at c/3 for 10 ps and has a smooth electron-density distribution. The maximum free-electron density inside the glass target is ∼2 × 10(19) cm-3, which corresponds to an ionization level of ∼0.1%. Magnetic fields and electric fields do not exceed ∼15 kG and ∼1 MV/cm, respectively. The electron temperature has a hot, ringlike structure with a maximum of ∼0.7 eV. The topology of the interference phase shift shows the signature of the "fountain effect", a narrow electron beam that fans out from the propagation axis and heads back to the target surface. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) computer simulations demonstrate radial spreading of fast electrons by self-consistent electrostatic fields driven by laser. The very low ionization observed after the laser heating pulse suggests a fast recombination on the sub-ps time scale.

Study of the internal structure and small-scale instabilities in the dense Z pinch

High-resolution laser diagnostics at the wavelength of 266 nm were applied for the investigation of Z pinches at the 1-MA generator. The internal structure of the stagnated Z pinches was observed in unprecedented detail. A dense pinch with strong instabilities was seen inside the column of the trailing plasma. Kink instability, disruptions, and micropinches were seen at the peak of the x-ray pulse and later in time. The three-dimensional structure of the stagnated Z pinch depends on the initial wire-array configuration and implosion scenario. Small-scale density perturbations were found in the precursor plasma and in the stagnated Z pinch. Development of instabilities is in agreement with three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations.

Measurement of the ionization state and electron temperature of plasma during the ablation stage of a wire-array Z pinch using absorption spectroscopy

Wire-array plasmas were investigated in the nonradiative ablation stage via x-ray absorption spectroscopy. A laser-produced Sm plasma was used to backlight Al wire arrays. The Sm spectrum was simultaneously observed by two spectrometers: one recorded the unattenuated spectrum and the other the transmission spectrum with 1.45-1.55 keV K-shell absorption lines. Analysis of absorption spectra revealed electron temperature in the range of 10-30 eV and the presence of F-, O-, N- and C-like Al ions in the absorbing plasma. A comparison of this electron temperature with the postprocessed absorption spectra of a 2D MHD simulation yields results in general agreement with the data analysis.

[The change dynamic of "mature" fibrin in kidneys in treatment of experimental bilious peritonitis with sodium hypochlorite]

The goal of research is learning the change dynamic of "mature" fibrin in ridneys parenchyma in treatment of experimental bilious peritonitis with sodium hypochlorite. The work was made on 31 mongrel dogs, which were divided into two groups: control and experimental. It was revealed on with 24-hours experimental bilious peritonitis the presence of hyaline cylinders in the lumen of glomerular capillaries, which give a positive reaction to the "mature" fibrin. On the 3rd day of treatment with sodium hypochlorite in kidneys was revealed "mature" fibrin mostly extravascular localization with the significant decrease both the average size of "mature" fibrin and its volume fraction, which completely disappeared. what was the evidence of the arresting of hemocoagulation disorders under the influence of sodium hypochlorite.

[Medical standards of dispensary guarantee of call-up aged persons by ambulatory stomatological aid]

The article presents results of epidemiological research of dental morbidity among persons of call-up age and indexes of their need in different types of dental aid. Were calculated medical standards for dispensary supply, elaborated propositions in standard of medical survey of persons of call-up age on specialization "stomatology" during registering on military registration and proximately during the call-up on military service in determination of fitness for military service. These data could be used in improvement of organizational structure of dental institutes of Health Ministry of social development of the Russian Federation.

2-(4-Chloro-benzo-yl)-1-(diamino-methyl-ene)hydrazinium chloride monohydrate

In the cation of the title compound, C₈H₁₀ClN₄O⁺·Cl⁻·H₂O, the guanidinium group is planar (maximum deviation = 0.0001 Å) and nearly perpendicular to carboxamide group, making a dihedral angle of 87.0 (3)°. The N atoms of the guanidine fragment have a planar trigonal configuration and the N atom of the carboxamide group adopts a pyramidal configuration. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O, N—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the cations, anions and water mol­ecules into layers parallel to the bc plane.

[The functional properties and oxidative modification of plasma and neutrophil proteins in community-acquired pneumonia]

The functional properties of neutrophils (the activity of myeloperoxidase and the production of hydroxyl radical) were studied in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) predominantly with the alveolar and interstitial types of lung parenchymal infiltration. Protein oxidative modification was estimated from the content of protein carbonyl derivatives in neutrophilic leukocytes and plasma and from the plasma concentration of bityrosine and oxidized tryptophan in patients with CAP. The production of hydroxyl radical and the activity of myeloperoxidase in the neutrophils of patients with CAP were increased and did not depend on the type of lung tissue infiltration. The development of oxidative stress in CAP was accompanied by the substantiation activation of protein oxidative modification processes in the neutrophilic leukocytes and plasma.

[Platelet production of nitric oxide in experimental bile peritonitis]

The goal of research is to mark the role of the nitrogen oxide in formation of the violations of the vascular thrombocyte link of homeostasis in case of bilius peritonitis. The work was made on 31 mongrel dogs, which were divided into two groups: control and experimental. It's found that the animals with 24-hours bilious peritonitis have reliable increase of the thrombocytes' quantity, the content of nitrogen oxide in serum and the level of generation nitrogen oxide by the thrombocytes relatively the animals from the control group. Received result shows the development of endothelial dysfunction against the background of endotoxicosis, which runs the mechanism of the system inflammatory reaction; damage and the violation of thrombocytes' function, and can be one of the basic premise to development of coagulopathy. Received findings allow to use the thrombocyte as the cell shows the processes in the focus of inflammation and in the endothelium of vessels.

[Post-logging organic matter recovery in forest ecosystems of eastern Baikal region]

The dynamics of organic matter accumulated in the soil and main vegetation elements was analyzed for post-logging forest ecosystem succession series in eastern Baikal region. The phytomass was found to allocate up 63 and 50% of carbon in undisturbed Scots pine and fir stands, respectively. The post-logging phytomass contribution to the total carbon pool appeared to decrease down to 16% in Scots pine and 6% in fir stands. In Scots pine stands, carbon storage was determined to account for almost 70% of the initial carbon 60 years after logging. In 50- to 55-year-old fir stands, carbon recovered its initial pool only by 10%. Soil carbon recorded in recently logged Scots pine and fir sites appeared to be 5 and 16 times that accumulated in the phytomass, respectively. The ratio between phytomass carbon and soil organic matter recovered back to the prelogging level in Scots pine stands by the age of 50-60 years. While phytomass carbon also increased in fir stand of the same age, it did not reach the level of the control stand.

Implosion dynamics and x-ray generation in small-diameter wire-array Z pinches

It is known from experiments that the radiated x-ray energy appears to exceed the calculated implosion kinetic energy and Spitzer resistive heating [C. Deeney, Phys. Rev. A 44, 6762 (1991)] but possible mechanisms of the enhanced x-ray production are still being discussed. Enhanced plasma heating in small-diameter wire arrays with decreased calculated kinetic energy was investigated, and a review of experiments with cylindrical arrays of 1-16 mm in diameter on the 1 MA Zebra generator is presented in this paper. The implosion and x-ray generation in cylindrical wire arrays with different diameters were compared to find a transition from a regime where thermalization of the kinetic energy is the prevailing heating mechanism to regimes with other dominant mechanisms of plasma heating. Loads of 3-8 mm in diameter generate the highest x-ray power at the Zebra generator. The x-ray power falls in 1-2 mm loads which can be linked to the lower efficiency of plasma heating with the lack of kinetic energy. The electron temperature and density of the pinches also depend on the array diameter. In small-diameter arrays, 1-3 mm in diameter, ablating plasma accumulates in the inner volume much faster than in loads of 12-16 mm in diameter. Correlated bubblelike implosions were observed with multiframe shadowgraphy. Investigation of energy balance provides evidence for mechanisms of nonkinetic plasma heating in Z pinches. Formation and evolution of bright spots in Z pinches were studied with a time-gated pinhole camera. A comparison of x-ray images with shadowgrams shows that implosion bubbles can initiate bright spots in the pinch. Features of the implosions in small-diameter wire arrays are discussed to identify mechanisms of energy dissipation.

Measurement of temperature, density, and particle transport with localized dopants in wire-array Z pinches

Axially localized NaF dopants are coated onto Al cylindrical wire arrays in order to act as spectroscopic tracers in the stagnated z-pinch plasma. Non-local-thermodynamic-equilibrium kinetic models fit to Na K-shell lines provide an independent measurement of the density and temperature that is consistent with spectroscopic analysis of K-shell emissions from Al and an alloyed Mg dopant. Axial transport of the Na dopant is observed, enabling quantitative study of instabilities in dense z-pinch plasmas.

Coherent delocalization of atomic wave packets in driven lattice potentials

Atomic wave packets loaded into a phase-modulated vertical optical-lattice potential exhibit a coherent delocalization dynamics arising from intraband transitions among Wannier-Stark levels. Wannier-Stark intraband transitions are here observed by monitoring the in situ wave-packet extent. By varying the modulation frequency, we find resonances at integer multiples of the Bloch frequency. The resonances show a Fourier-limited width for interrogation times up to 2 s. This can also be used to determine the gravity acceleration with ppm resolution.

Mitigation of the plasma-implosion inhomogeneity in starlike wire-array Z pinches

Implosions in starlike triple and quadruple wire arrays were investigated in a 1 MA Zebra generator. Implosion in these loads is directed along the rays of the star and cascades from wire to wire to the center. Shadowgraphy shows improved homogeneity of imploding plasma and mitigation of instabilities. Despite the low azimuthal symmetry, starlike wire arrays produce a stable x-ray pulse with the highest peak power of >0.4 TW and the shortest duration of 8-12 ns among different types of tested loads. This can be linked to stabilization of instabilities due to the multiple nesting.

[Free transplantation of the split skin graft]

On basis of treatment results analysis in 932 patients (1000 operations) with trophic ulcers and protractedly nonhealing wounds of lower limbs, caused by different reasons but for the most part by chronic lymphovenous insufficiency, it has been proved that use of autodermotransplatation in complex treatment allows to reduce the treatment terms, decrease the number of complications in early postoperative period and to improve the treatment results and the quality of patients life. Introduction of preoperative preparation program in practice, including modern original modes of treatment and wound management, efficacious technique of autodermotransplantant fixation on a graft using biotissue ultrasonic bonding and active postoperative regimen management, allowed to improve treatment results.

[Efficacy of endoscopic dissection of perforant veins in lower limb chronic lymphovenous insufficiency]

Overall 156 patients with lower limb chronic lymphovenous insufficiency were treated and analyzed. All the patients were divided into 3 groups depending on method of perforant veins dissection. First group consisted of 46 patients who underwent epifascial dissection (Cokket's operation), 2nd group--50 patients undergone isolated subfascial dissection from small separate incisions (Madden-Kim's operation), 3rd group--60 patients after endoscopic subfascial dissection (SEPS technology). The results were followed-up to 5 years. It is demonstrated that SEPS technology is associated with the best results in early and late postoperative period (8.3% of recurrences) and prevents the progress of chronic lymphovenous insufficiency. Subfascial dissection promotes early normalization of lower limb microcirculation parameters. Epifascial dissection permits to achieve satisfactory early results, but long-term results are associated with high rate of recurrences especially at the patients with trophic lesions.

[Impaired oxidative metabolism in acute inflammatory diseases]

The specific features of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants in the plasma and red blood cells of patients with acute appendicitis, phlegmons, and abscesses located in the soft tissues of the shin, hip, buttocks, shoulder, and forearm were comprehensively evaluated. In these diseases, the signs of evolving oxidative stress were revealed irrespective of the site of an acute inflammatory focus. Excess accumulation of LPO products was recorded with the inhibition of antioxidative defense components, including erythrocytic glutathione-dependent enzymes. The manifestations of antioxidant deficiency were accompanied by a reciprocal increase in the concentration of the antioxidative protein ceruloplasmin and increased with more severe inflammation. The signs of imbalance in the prooxidant/antioxidant defense system slightly normalized at discharge during clinical convalescence.

Numerical simulation of the creation of a hollow neutral-hydrogen channel by an electron beam

An experimental method is proposed for the creation of plasma optical waveguides at low electron densities. The method consists of creating a hollow neutral-hydrogen channel by means of fast local heating of a hydrogen volume by a needlelike electron beam, followed by laser ionization of the hydrogen to provide the plasma waveguide. Results of numerical simulations are presented which show that guiding with an axial electron density in the range of 10(17) cm-3 can be achieved with a matched spot size of 30 microm. Its application for laser wakefield acceleration of electrons is discussed. The method would enable guiding lengths up to 30 cm at maximal energies of accelerated electrons in the range 10-100 GeV.

Dynamics of mass transport and magnetic fields in low-wire-number-array Z pinches

The dynamics of mass transport were observed in a wire array implosion with multiframe laser probing. Plasma bubbles arise at breaks in the wires. Interferometry shows that the leading edge of the bubbles brings material to the axis of the array. The speed of this material was measured to be > or =3 x 10(7) cm/s during the wire array implosion. A shock was observed during the collision of the bubbles with the precursor. The Faraday effect indicates current flowing in breaks on the wires. The current switches from the imploding mass to the on-axis plasma column at the beginning of the x-ray pulse.

[Characteristics of autonomic regulations in miners working in hard conditions of coal mines]

72 miners aged from 30 till 40 years have been surveyed. It was established that to achieve socially acceptable results the miners use corresponding strategy doing their job. Under the influence of the work the functional states mediated not only by conditions of working environment but also by resistivity of the organism are developed. It is shown that highly productive, reliable and effective work is possible under adequate interactions of central and autonomic mechanisms of regulation. Alteration in these interactions, particularly, non-adequate centralization of management processes decreases physical capacity for work. Enhancement of sympathetic effects on periphery that leads to development of hypertensive reactions has been observed. Such alterations are accompanied by an increase in physiological cost of work and decreased productivity of labor.

Variations of the gravitational field as a motive power for rhythmics of biochemical processes

Variations of the gravitational field affected by the Sun and the Moon while the Earth's moving along the orbit seem to be a powerful source of many rhythmical processes typical of biochemical processes. Studies carried out in AARI revealed the obvious relationships between the dynamics of some biochemical reactions and lambda(D)-function describing the regular variations of the gravitational field under combined influence of the Sun and the Moon. The following of them are examined as examples: the rate of the unithiol oxidation in vitro, concentration of the thiol compounds in human urine, some hematological indicators (rate of the erythrocytes sedimentation, hemoglobin content). Compatibility of run of the biochemical indicators and lambda(D)-function is indicative of essential influence of the regular variations of the gravitational field on rhythmics of the biochemical processes. As this takes place, the solar activity acts like to the instability factor. Balance of the solar activity effects and the varying gravitational field effect alter in time depending on location in the solar activity cycle.

[Use of colloid gold conjugates for identification of actins of various origin]

Some optimized methods of purifying actin from animal, plant, and bacterial cells were developed. Variants of the preparation of antiactin antibodies are described which use both traditional methods of immunization and phase display technology and antigen adsorption on colloidal gold particles. The conjugates of colloidal gold with phalloidin and heavy meromyosin as well as with antibodies were proposed. It was shown that these markers make it possible to reliably identify actins of different origin by the methods of light, and electron microscopy and dot-analysis.

[Use of modern technologies and designing means for development of automated information systems for military medicine]

At present time, the intensive activity implementation of automated information systems (AIS) to the military medical establishment are observed. From design quality the successful functioning of the AIS depend on. The effective functioning and the interaction of the automated information technologies by specialists, which computers and telecommunications use for performance of the their purpose, are a goal of the design. Today, there are two classes" technologies for designing of the automated information systems of military medical application: conventional technology and integrated instrumental means technologies. In this article, the conventional technology and integrated instrumental means technologies are considered more detail. CASE-technologies (the functional-oriented and object-oriented approaches) and RAD (Rapid Application Development) are viewed.

[Clinico-immunological and allergological characteristics of population of the Middle ural]

Clinical investigation of immune and allergic state of 633 adult dwellers of the Middle Ural region was carried out. The first (occupational) group consisted of 479 workers of the industrial plant, most of which exposed to negative factors such as radiation, harmful chemical substances and stress. The second (control) group consisted of 154 town-dwellers, who did not work at the industrial plant. Immune state was assessed in 714 people. Clinical symptoms of immune deficiency were found in 67% of the occupational group and in 76% of the control group. Allergic condition and allergic-infection syndrome were common for both groups, the rate of infection syndrome being relatively low. The immune state of the occupational group showed in comparison to control reliable increase in absolute and relative amount of T-lymphocytes, in the ratio CD4+/CD8+ and in the level of serum IgG. It was found also the decrease in the concentration of T-killers, the amount of NK cells and B-lymphocytes, phagocyte activity and the level of serum IgA. It was suggested that regional and ecological peculiarities influence the immune state rather than induce clinical symptoms of immune deficiency.

[Disorder of the serotoninergic regulation of bone marrow cell proliferation under the action of a xenobiotic inducer of oxidative stress]

The work shows the results of experimental study of the characteristics of serotonin regulation of cell proliferation and programmed cell death in bone-marrow cells cultivated in diffusion chambers. It was found that the change in cell colony and cluster formation and death induced by this biogenic enzyme is disturbed by acrylamide, an inducer of oxidizing stress. Nicotinamide levels out the effect of acrylamide, which is evidence of the existence of NAD-dependent mechanisms in the serotonin-mediated regulation of hemopoiesis.

Kinetics of tert-butyl hydroperoxide decomposition in erythrocyte suspension

The kinetics of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) decomposition was examined in erythrocyte suspension from C57B1/6 mice by the chemiluminescence method. The reaction with horseradish peroxidase, t-BHP (20 nmol/ml), and luminol was accompanied by a rapid chemiluminescence increase. The integral value of the chemiluminescence signal correlated with the t-BHP concentration at every moment of time. In the erythrocyte suspension, the half-life of t-BHP decomposition was 23.8 s. The decomposition rate significantly decreased after pretreatment of the erythrocytes with o-phenanthroline (0.1 mM), EDTA (1 mM), benzohydroxamic acid (0.1 mM) or adriamycin (30 microM). These effects were not associated with the changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity and, more likely, could be related to the modification of the membrane iron-binding sites. The influence of iron chelators on the kinetics of t-BHP decomposition suggests the existence of various Fe-binding sites, that can decompose organic hydroperoxides upon their interaction with cell plasma membranes.

[The determination of diphtheria toxin in circulating immune complexes]

A method for measuring the level of diphtheria toxin in the circulating immune complexes is proposed, making use of monoclonal antibodies to COOH-terminal site of the toxin molecule. The levels of diphtheria toxin were measured in children with different clinical forms of oropharyngeal diphtheria. Levels and time course of toxin for each clinical forms have been defined. The studies demonstrated the specificity of the method and its efficacy for rapid diagnosis of diphtheria.

[The effect of naloxone on rhythm disorders and on the conduction system of the heart]

In experimental arrhythmias induced in rabbits by strophanthin, epinephrine, and calcium chloride the high antiarrhythmic efficacy of Naloxone was proved. No antiarrhythmic activity of Naloxone was observed in aconitine models. The intravenous administration of Naloxone to normal adults (0.4 - 0.8 mg) increased the sinus cycle length, sinus node recovery time (SNRT), CSNRT, and sinoatrial conduction time.

[GeneBee-NET: An Internet based server for biopolymer structure analysis]

A network server providing biopolymer structure databank retrieval as well as some other biocomputing procedures for Internet users is described. Its basic procedures consist in looking for sequence and 3D homologies (similarities). Found homologies are used for constructing multiple alignment, for predicting RNA and protein secondary structures as well as for constructing phylogenetic trees. Alongside traditional methods of sequence homology retrieval, a "matrix-free" (correlation) method is proposed. A similar procedure is used to locate protein 3D similarities. For novel procedures algorithm ideas and their possible applications are discussed. The service ideology is based on the interaction of server and client programs. The client program (GeneBee for IBM PC) can be used to form queries to the server as well as to manipulate a treatment result. In the absence of the client program the interaction with the server can be in the text mode. The E-mail and WWW addresses for the server are as follows: SERVE/INDY.GENEBEE.MSU.SU and WWW.GENEBEE.MSU.SU.

[Experience in the undergraduate training of ophthalmologists]

The authors present their experience gained in the training of ophthalmologists at the Chair of Ocular Diseases of the Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute. In 1991 the interns, instead of traditional state examinations, maintained their diploma research, which was assessed as their skills and knowledge in the field of ocular diseases, social hygiene, and public health organization. The authors prove that such diploma research is an integral part of undergraduate training and one of the types of individual work at higher educational institutions, and enumerate the topics of diploma research.

[Biological monitoring of exposure to alkylating xenobiotics by determining them in complexes with plasma proteins, hemoglobin, mercapturic acids from urine of rats and industrial workers. I. Acrylonitrile]

A parent molecule of acrylonitrile (cyanoethylene, CE) may be isolated from its the model compound S-(2-cyanoethylene)-1-cysteine, as well as from its N-acetyl derivative and hemoglobin (Hb) and plasma proteins from the intoxicated animals and workers engaged in manufacturing synthetic rubber made from acrylonitrile. The developed procedure consists in the 1.5% H2O2 oxidation of a CE adduct for 30 min, followed by addition of a sample into the gas chromatographic injector at 250 degrees C, resulting in the release of CE from the adducts and in the current ingress of carrier gas into the capillary column in order to separate and determine with a FTD detector. There was a dose-response relationship between the formation of CE adducts with rat blood proteins, urinary mercapturic acids when the poison was given in a dose of 1-50 mg/kg. CE covalently bound to Hb was detected in the workers exposed to its monomer in working places.

[Biological monitoring of exposure to alkylating xenobiotics by determining them using a new analytical approach in complexes with hemoglobin, plasma proteins and mercapturic acids in urine. II. Acrylamide]

A new simple and prompt procedure for measuring acrylamide (propenamide, PA) in PA-derived mercapturic acid, such as N-acetyl-S-(2-propenamide)-L-cysteine (N-Ac-PAC), and in hemoglobin (Hb) and plasma protein adducts in the rats expose to PA was developed, by employing gas chromatography (GC). PA in mercapturic acids or proteins was liberated on high-temperature heating in an injector port during the working procedure of a GC capillary after preoxidation of sulfur atoms in PA-bound cysteine to a sulfoxide form with hydrogen peroxide and analyzed. This method resulted in 87% of PA in authentic N-Ac-PAC. The number of PA released from the protein adducts was proportional to the cumulative dose of PA given at a concentration of 1-75 mg/kg during 1-3 weeks. The alkylating level of Hb was approximately 65 times higher than that of plasma proteins and it was nearly 6.5% of its cumulative dose. The index of binding to Hb and the rate of its alkylation were 163 and 0.75.10(-3) liter/g-1/hour-1, respectively.

Autotransplantation of the greater omentum in the treatment of chronic lymphedema

We evaluated the use of transplantation of the greater omentum in the management of chronic lymphedema in 21 patients. The omentum provides a large surface with fluid absorbing capability and potentially therefore is useful in management of patients with primary or hypoplastic peripheral lymphatics. Based on the angio- and lymphangio-architecture of the gastroepiploic architecture, we used large segments of greater omentum as a free autotransplant with microrevascularization to the femoral or axillary artery and vein thereby avoiding technical drawbacks of a pedicle graft with the feeding vessels traversing the abdomen. Elongation of the omentum must be done properly because omental lymphatic arcades do not consistently follow the blood vascular arcades in its more distal part. Accordingly, if not properly mobilized the blood supply may be retained whereas the lymph circulation is interrupted. We combined omental implantation with lymph nodal-venous anastomoses using an omental vein with a nearby systemic venous tributary. In 19 of the 21 patients followed from 3 months to 2 years after operation, remission of lymphedema was good (reduction in swelling more than 50%) in 14 patients and satisfactory in 5 (approximately 25-50% reduction in swelling) with improvement gradually increasing with the passage of time.

[Insulin secretion by isolated rat pancreas as affected by prooxidants; relationship to glutathione release]

Rates of basal and glucose-stimulated insulin and glutathione secretion were studied in experiments with isolated rat pancreas, as were prooxidant effects on these values. The rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release was found increased at glucose concentration increase to 16.7 mmoles in perfusion solution. Addition of prooxidants (tert-butyl hydroperoxide and Fe2+) in concentrations 10(-4) mole did not change basal insulin secretion but resulted in reduction of glucose-stimulated hormone release. Under such conditions a reduction of the rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release by the pancreas was observed which was adequate to changed GSH/GSSG ratio in isolated Langerhans' islets. It may be supposed that lipid peroxidation results in changed thiol-disulfide ratio in Langerhans' islets B cells and in reduction of their sensitivity to secretogen effect.

[The effect of pro-oxidants on insulin secretion by the isolated rat pancreas]

The effect of pro-oxidants (tert-butyl peroxide and FeSO4) on rats perfusing isolated pancreas insulin secretion was studied. Pro-oxidants (10(-4) M) preperfusion during 20 minutes did not change significantly the basal insulin secretion and decreased glucose-stimulated secretion of the one. The content of pancreas TBA-active products increased twice after pro-oxidants effect and ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathiones liberation rates decreased from 2 to 0.5. The disturbance of hormone secretion as a result of decrease of Langerhans islets B-cells reduced glutathione pool is suppose to be one of the mechanisms of hypoinsulinemia development at host's states characterizing with lipids peroxidation activation.

[Correlation of lipid peroxidation intensity and insulin reception in adipocytes]

Influence of prooxidants (cumene hydroperoxide and Fe2+) on insulin reception by adipocytes was studied in experimental conditions. Cumene hydroperoxide (10(-7) M) in the presence of Fe2+ (0.2 mM) increased the specific binding of the hormone. The higher concentrations (10(-6)-10(-3) M) of the prooxidant resulted in significant accumulation of malonic dialdehyde and inhibited insulin binding by fat tissue cells. The inhibition of insulin specific binding was shown to occur due to a decrease in the content of insulin receptors as well as in the rate of their affinity to the hormone.

[The role of functional phlebography in the diagnosis of chronic postphlebitic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities]

The work deals with the description of methods for phlebography of the lower extremities with the patient in a vertical pos position with the use of various functional, loading, and pharmacological tests. Such examination makes it possible to recognize the pathological changes, reveal precisely the architectonics of the venous system and the localization of the most changed areas of the venous system, and determine the rate of the venous blood flow. Much attention is paid to preventive measures during phlebographic examination. The efficacy of the phlebography method is proved on a rich clinical material and the indications and contraindications for it are specified.

[The role of thermography in the diagnosis of obliterating vascular diseases of the lower extremities]

The authors undertook comparative evaluation of the various methods of diagnosis of obliterative diseases of the lower limb vessels in 32 patients with II-III stage arteriosclerosis obliterans. Comparison of the results of arteriography, ultrasonic dopplerography, and objective examination with those of thermovision examination led to the conclusion that the method is valuable in revealing the condition of the collateral bed and microcirculation and the compensatory mechanism of circulation on the whole. In similar treatment in groups of patients formed according to the level of obliteration of the vessels and the thermographic picture, the best results were produced in those groups in which the intensity of the infrared rays was higher, which allowed the conclusion that thermography possesses not only diagnostic but also prognostic significance.

[Morphological evaluation of fetal development after administration of Poterium sanguisorba for correction of fetoplacental circulation]

Polyphenol preparation of Poterium sanguisorba was tried for the treatment of experimental pregnancy abnormalities. The teratogenic and embryotoxic effects of the preparation administered in a dose of 0.75 LD50 were studied. The therapeutic doses of the drug are characterized by an immunostimulating effect on the mother and help correct the fetoplacental circulation and improve the fetal morphofunctional status.