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Chandra BP, Sinha V, Hakkim H, Kumar A, Pawar H, Mishra AK, Sharma G, Pallavi ,, Garg S, Ghude SD, Chate DM, Pithani P, Kulkarni R, Jenamani RK, Rajeevan M. Odd–Even Traffic Rule Implementation during Winter 2016 in Delhi Did Not Reduce Traffic Emissions of VOCs, Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Carbon Monoxide. CURR SCI INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i06/1318-1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bhatia S, Harward S, Sinha V, Gomez C, Kava B. 005 Improvement in Sexual Function Associated with Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE): An Emerging Treatment Option for Men with Symptomatic BPH. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sinha V, Sarin NB, Bhatnagar D. The efficacy of antisense-based construct for inducing resistance against Croton yellow vein mosaic virus in Nicotiana tabacum. Virus Genes 2017; 53:906-912. [PMID: 28762207 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-017-1499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses have increased pathogenicity because of their adaptation to a wide host range; consequently, these viruses cause a major loss to agroeconomic crops worldwide. In this study, we designed a gene construct representing an antisense coat protein gene. We also analyzed the efficacy of the induced resistance against Croton yellow vein mosaic virus (CrYVMV) affecting papaya in Nicotiana tabacum plants. Positive control plants developed typical leaf curl symptoms, whereas transgenic plants were symptomless. Moreover, the key component (i.e., short interfering RNA) of the antisense pathway was upregulated in transgenic plants. This finding demonstrates the activation of the gene silencing mechanism in transgenic plants. Thus, these results confirm that our construct is functional and effectively induces transient resistance against CrYVMV infections.
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Anwar Z, Sinha V, Mitra S, Mishra AK, Ansari MH, Bharti A, Kumar V, Nigam AK. Erectile Dysfunction: An Underestimated Presentation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Indian J Psychol Med 2017; 39:600-604. [PMID: 29200555 PMCID: PMC5688886 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.217015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. ED, like other sexual disorders, is often under-reported and under-diagnosed, as talking about sex is considered a taboo in our society. METHODOLOGY All the male patients with diabetes mellitus (with or without active complaints of ED) attending Medicine or Psychiatry OPD of the institute during the study period were enrolled in the study. They were investigated for their body-mass index (BMI), blood sugar and lipid profile; and were assessed on HAM-D, General Health Questionnaire-30, IIEF, sex myth checklist and QOL Instrument for Indian Diabetes Patients (QOLID). RESULT AND DISCUSSION In the present study, a total of 138 diabetic patients were assessed, and those with severe ED were found to have poor glycemic control, worse lipid profile, higher body mass index, later age of onset, and longer duration of untreated diabetes as compared to non-ED patients. ED patients also scored higher on depression rating scale, had poorer general health and quality of life (QOL). Early attention to ED in diabetic patients can improve general health and QOL of the sufferers. CONCLUSION DM patients with poor glycemic control and advanced age have a higher propensity of developing severe ED, which further deteriorates the already compromised health & QOL.
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Mitra S, Singh M, Sinha V, Anwar Z. "Dhat syndrome" - How a man lost his bones! Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 28:181-182. [PMID: 28784384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dayal R, Kumar P, Garg N, Kumar D, Sinha V. Sleep Disorders and their Effect on Academic Performance in School Going Children. Indian J Pediatr 2017; 84:487-488. [PMID: 28271291 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-017-2321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bhatia S, Harward S, Sinha V, Narayanan G. Safety and feasibility of prostate artery embolization via transradial access: a single-center experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ghude SD, Bhat GS, Prabhakaran T, Jenamani RK, Chate DM, Safai PD, Karipot AK, Konwar M, Pithani P, Sinha V, Rao PSP, Dixit SA, Tiwari S, Todekar K, Varpe S, Srivastava AK, Bisht DS, Murugavel P, Ali K, Mina U, Dharua M, Rao J, Padmakumari B, Hazra A, Nigam N, Shende U, Lal DM, Chandra BP, Mishra AK, Kumar A, Hakkim H, Pawar H, Acharja P, Kulkarni R, Subharthi C, Balaji B, Varghese M, Bera S, Rajeevan M. Winter Fog Experiment Over the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. CURR SCI INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v112/i04/767-784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Sinha V, Lakdawala B, Bathla M, Sethi S, Mathur DM, Kathuria P, Shah S, Baalasubramanian DS, Agarwal V, Deka K. Indian psychiatric society multicentric study: Correlates of prescription patterns of psychotropics in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2016; 58:417-424. [PMID: 28196999 PMCID: PMC5270267 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.196703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of information on the clinical and sociodemographic correlates of prescription of psychotropics by psychiatrists. AIM AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of prescription patterns with various clinical and sociodemographic variables. METHODOLOGY Data of prescription patterns, psychiatric diagnosis, sociodemographic variables, and comorbid physical illnesses were collected for 4480 patients, across 11 centers. RESULTS Females are more often prescribed escitalopram, sertraline, amitriptyline, amisulpride, nonlithium mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines, whereas males are more often prescribed fluoxetine, olanzapine, two antipsychotics concurrently, typical antipsychotics, valproate, lithium, and more than one benzodiazepine. Elderly (>65 years) participants are more often prescribed sertraline when compared to adolescents. In addition, elderly more often receive quetiapine and less often are prescribed benzodiazepines. Those with comorbid neurological disorders are commonly prescribed antipsychotics, amitriptyline, and more than one antidepressant and are less commonly prescribed lithium, combination of two mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines. Those with cardiac ailments are more commonly prescribed sertraline, quetiapine, and lithium and less frequently prescribed amitriptyline, fluoxetine, olanzapine, risperidone, and typical antipsychotics. Those with diabetes mellitus more often received escitalopram and quetiapine. Presence of more than one psychiatric diagnosis was associated with the use of more number of medications. Further, diagnosis of affective disorders was associated with the use of a higher number of medications. CONCLUSION Findings of the present study suggest that sociodemographic variables and physical and psychiatric comorbidity influence the prescription patterns of psychotropics.
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Sinha V, Srivastava T, Verma P. An Unusual Posttraumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Intracranial Segment (V4) of the Vertebral Artery. INDIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1583261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ahnaou A, de Boer P, Lavreysen H, Huysmans H, Sinha V, Raeymaekers L, Van De Casteele T, Cid J, Van Nueten L, Macdonald G, Kemp J, Drinkenburg W. Translational neurophysiological markers for activity of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2) modulator JNJ-40411813: Sleep EEG correlates in rodents and healthy men. Neuropharmacology 2016; 103:290-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Gupta S, Dan A, Neogi R, Behere PB, Lakdawala B, Tripathi A, Chakraborty K, Sinha V, Bhatia MS, Patjoshi A, Rao TSS, Rozatkar A. Phenomenology and beliefs of patients with Dhat syndrome: A nationwide multicentric study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2016; 62:57-66. [PMID: 26142412 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015591857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the phenomenology and associated beliefs in patients with Dhat syndrome. METHODS A total of 780 male patients aged more than 16 years were recruited from 15 centers spread across the country and were assessed on Dhat Syndrome Questionnaire. RESULTS The most commonly reported reasons for passage of Dhat were excessive masturbation (55.1%), sexual dreams (47.3%), excessive sexual desire (42.8%) and consumption of high energy foods (36.7%). The most common situation in which participants experienced passage of Dhat were as 'night falls' (60.1%) and 'while passing stools' (59.5%). The most common consequence due to passage of Dhat was weakness in sexual ability (75.6%). In terms of psychological and somatic symptoms, the common symptoms included bodily weakness (78.2%); feeling tired or having low energy (75.9%); feeling down, depressed, or hopeless (67.9%); and little interest or pleasure in doing things (63.7%). In terms of treatment expectations, about half of the patients (49.1%) expected that energizing medications like vitamins/tonics/tablets were required and more than one-third (38.2%) expected that there was a need for taking energizing injections. CONCLUSION Present study shows that Dhat syndrome is a distinct clinical entity seen all over India, with its characteristic features.
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Singh M, Anwar Z, Sinha V, Narwal V, Mitra S, Bharti A, Mishra AK. Mirtazapine in Paroxetine Induced Hyper-prolactinemic Galactorrhoea. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2015; 13:222-3. [PMID: 26243854 PMCID: PMC4540036 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2015.13.2.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Misztal PK, Hewitt CN, Wildt J, Blande JD, Eller ASD, Fares S, Gentner DR, Gilman JB, Graus M, Greenberg J, Guenther AB, Hansel A, Harley P, Huang M, Jardine K, Karl T, Kaser L, Keutsch FN, Kiendler-Scharr A, Kleist E, Lerner BM, Li T, Mak J, Nölscher AC, Schnitzhofer R, Sinha V, Thornton B, Warneke C, Wegener F, Werner C, Williams J, Worton DR, Yassaa N, Goldstein AH. Atmospheric benzenoid emissions from plants rival those from fossil fuels. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12064. [PMID: 26165168 PMCID: PMC4499884 DOI: 10.1038/srep12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the known biochemical production of a range of aromatic compounds by plants and the presence of benzenoids in floral scents, the emissions of only a few benzenoid compounds have been reported from the biosphere to the atmosphere. Here, using evidence from measurements at aircraft, ecosystem, tree, branch and leaf scales, with complementary isotopic labeling experiments, we show that vegetation (leaves, flowers, and phytoplankton) emits a wide variety of benzenoid compounds to the atmosphere at substantial rates. Controlled environment experiments show that plants are able to alter their metabolism to produce and release many benzenoids under stress conditions. The functions of these compounds remain unclear but may be related to chemical communication and protection against stress. We estimate the total global secondary organic aerosol potential from biogenic benzenoids to be similar to that from anthropogenic benzenoids (~10 Tg y−1), pointing to the importance of these natural emissions in atmospheric physics and chemistry.
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Bharti A, Mishra AK, Sinha V, Anwar Z, Kumar V, Mitra S. Paper eating: An unusual obsessive-compulsive disorder dimension. Ind Psychiatry J 2015; 24:189-91. [PMID: 27212826 PMCID: PMC4866349 DOI: 10.4103/0972-6748.181713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a lot of diversity in the medical realm; where unspecified sign and symptoms might confuse and force even experienced clinicians to commit mistakes. Paper eating is presently included in pica, but certain rare compulsions may mimic this and cause confusion for unsuspecting observers. We report a case of paper eating as a manifestation of compulsion in a 15-year-old girl, and reiterate that missing on rare presentations might cause the patient sufferings from inadvertent pharmacological treatment efforts.
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Choi SL, Loghin C, Garhyan P, Knadler MP, Lam E, Sinha V, Porksen N, Linnebjerg H. A single-dose pharmacokinetic study of basal insulin peglispro (BIL) in subjects with hepatic impairment. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Gupta S, Dan A, Neogi R, Behere PB, Lakdawala B, Tripathi A, Chakraborty K, Sinha V, Bhatia MS, Pattojoshi A, Rao TSS, Rozatkar A. Comorbidity in patients with Dhat syndrome: a nationwide multicentric study. J Sex Med 2015; 12:1398-401. [PMID: 25904237 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are limited numbers of studies on Dhat syndrome. Major limitations of the existing literature are heterogeneous assessment methods used to describe the comorbidity and small sample size from isolated centers. AIM To assess comorbidity with a common methodology in patients with Dhat syndrome from multiple centers across India. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, this multicentric study involved assessment of 780 male patients, aged more than 16 years, across 15 study centers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ICD-10 criteria (for evaluation of psychiatric morbidity and sexual dysfunction) RESULTS About one-third (32.8%) of the cases had no comorbidity. One-fifth (20.5%) of the patients had comorbid depressive disorders and another one-fifth (20.5%) had comorbid neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders. Half (51.3%) of the study sample had comorbid sexual dysfunction. When various combinations of comorbidities were evaluated, it was seen that more than one-fourth (28.7%) of the patients had only comorbid sexual dysfunction and one-sixth (15.9%) had only comorbid depressive/anxiety disorders. A little more than one-fifth (22.6%) had comorbidity of both sexual dysfunction and depressive/anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION Comorbid sexual dysfunction is seen in half of the cases of Dhat syndrome, and it is more common than comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders.
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Wagner C, Zhao P, Pan Y, Hsu V, Grillo J, Huang SM, Sinha V. Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling to Support Dose Selection: Report of an FDA Public Workshop on PBPK. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2015; 4:226-30. [PMID: 26225246 PMCID: PMC4429576 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) public workshop, entitled "Application of Physiologically-based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling to Support Dose Selection focused on the role of PBPK in drug development and regulation. Representatives from industry, academia, and regulatory agencies discussed the issues within plenary and panel discussions. This report summarizes the discussions and provides current perspectives on the application of PBPK in different areas, including its utility, predictive performance, and reporting for regulatory submissions.
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Shah S, Lakdawala B, Chakraborty K, Nebhinani N, Kallivayalil RA, Dalal PK, Sinha V, Khairkar P, Mukerjee DG, Thara R, Behere P, Chauhan N, Thirunavukarasu M, Malhotra S. Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study on assessment of health-care needs of patients with severe mental illnesses as perceived by their family caregivers and health-care providers. Indian J Psychiatry 2015; 57:181-9. [PMID: 26124525 PMCID: PMC4462788 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.158185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the health-care needs of the patients with severe mental disorders as perceived by their family caregivers and the treating psychiatrists. MATERIALS AND METHODS Caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders and their treating psychiatrists were assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need-Research Version (CAN-R) scale and indigenously designed Supplementary Assessment of Needs Scale (SNAS). RESULTS The study included 1494 patients recruited from 15 centers. The mean needs as per the CAN-R, perceived by the caregivers were 7.8 and treating psychiatrists were 8.1. About one-third of needs were unmet. On SNAS, both caregivers and treating psychiatrists reported a mean of 7.9 needs, of which more than half were unmet as per the caregivers. As per the treating psychiatrists, 45.5% of the needs as assessed on SNAS were unmet. There was a high level of correlation between needs perceived by the patients, caregivers and the treating psychiatrists. On CAN-R, main domains of needs as reported by the caregivers were those of money, relief of psychological distress, information about the illness and treatment, welfare benefits, transport, company and food. As per the treating psychiatrists, the most common total needs identified were those of relief of psychological distress, welfare benefits, information about the illness and treatment, money, transport, company self-care and physical health. The most common domains of needs as assessed on SNAS as per the caregivers were those of free treatment, medical reimbursement, psychoeducation, financial help, social support, insurance, more time from the clinicians and travel concession. The treating psychiatrists identified dealing with caregiver's stress as the most common need. CONCLUSIONS According to the family caregivers and treating psychiatrists, about one-third of the needs of the patients as assessed using CAN-R and about half of the needs as assessed using SNAS are unmet.
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Romero K, Ito K, Rogers JA, Polhamus D, Qiu R, Stephenson D, Mohs R, Lalonde R, Sinha V, Wang Y, Brown D, Isaac M, Vamvakas S, Hemmings R, Pani L, Bain LJ, Corrigan B. The future is now: model-based clinical trial design for Alzheimer's disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 97:210-4. [PMID: 25669145 PMCID: PMC6463482 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Failures in trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be attributable to inadequate dosing, population selection, drug inefficacy, or insufficient design optimization. The Coalition Against Major Diseases (CAMD) was formed in 2008 to develop drug development tools (DDT) to expedite drug development for AD and Parkinson's disease. CAMD led a process that successfully advanced a clinical trial simulation (CTS) tool for AD through the formal regulatory review process at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA).
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Shah S, Lakdawala B, Chakraborty K, Nebhinani N, Kallivayalil RA, Dalal PK, Sinha V, Khairkar P, Mukerjee DG, Thara R, Behere P, Chauhan N, Thirunavukarasu M, Malhotra S. Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study on assessment of health-care needs of patients with severe mental illnesses. Indian J Psychiatry 2015; 57:43-50. [PMID: 25657456 PMCID: PMC4314916 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.148520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the health-care needs of the patients with severe mental disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with the diagnosis of a severe mental disorder (schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, recurrent depressive disorder, major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder) were assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need-Research version (CAN-R) Scale and indigenously designed Supplementary Needs Assessment Scale (SNAS). RESULTS The study included 1494 patients recruited from 15 centers. The most common diagnostic group was that of affective disorders (55.3%), followed by psychotic disorders (37.6%). The mean number of total needs as perceived by the patients was 7.6 on the CAN-R. About two-third of the needs as assessed on CAN-R were met, and one-third were unmet. On CAN-R, main domains of needs as reported by patients were those of money, welfare benefits, transport, information about the illness and treatment, relief of psychological distress, company, household skills and intimate relationships. On SNAS, the mean number of total needs as perceived by the patients was 7.6 of which 4.1 were met needs. The most common domains of needs as assessed on SNAS were those of financial help, medical reimbursement, psychoeducation, free treatment, certification of mental illness, flexible work/job timings, addressing the caregiver stress and legal aid. CONCLUSION About two-third of the needs, of the patients with severe mental disorders are met as assessed using CAN-R. However, higher percentages of unmet needs are identified on SNAS. In view of the commonly reported needs, a change in the orientation of services offered to people with mental disorders is very much called for. At the government level, desired policies must be formulated to support the patients with mental disorders.
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Grover S, Avasthi A, Sinha V, Lakdawala B, Bathla M, Sethi S, Mathur DM, Kathuria P, Shah S, Baalasubramanian DS, Agarwal V, Deka K. Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study: Prescription patterns of psychotropics in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2014; 56:253-64. [PMID: 25316936 PMCID: PMC4181180 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.140632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of national level data from India on prescription of psychotropics by psychiatrists. AIM AND OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the first prescription handed over to the psychiatrically ill patients whenever they contact a psychiatrist. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected across 11 centers. Psychiatric diagnosis was made as per the International Classification of Diseases Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders 10(th) edition criteria based on Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the data of psychotropic prescriptions was collected. RESULTS Study included 4480 patients, slightly more than half of the subjects were of male (54.8%) and most of the participants were married (71.8%). Half of the participants were from the urban background, and about half (46.9%) were educated up to or beyond high school. The most common diagnostic category was that of affective disorders (54.3%), followed by Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (22.2%) and psychotic disorders (19.1%). Other diagnostic categories formed a very small proportion of the study participants. Among the antidepressants, most commonly prescribed antidepressant included escitalopram followed by sertraline. Escitalopram was the most common antidepressant across 7 out of 11 centers and second most common in three centers. Among the antipsychotics, the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic was olanzapine followed by risperidone. Olanzapine was the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic across 6 out of 11 centers and second most common antipsychotic across rest of the centers. Among the mood stabilizers valproate was prescribed more often, and it was the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer in 8 out of 11 centers. Clonazepam was prescribed as anxiolytic about 5 times more commonly than lorazepam. Clonazepam was the most common benzodiazepine prescribed in 6 out of the 11 centers. Rate of polypharmacy was low. CONCLUSION Escitalopram is the most commonly prescribed antidepressant, olanzapine is the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic and clonazepam is most commonly prescribed benzodiazepine. There are very few variations in prescription patterns across various centers.
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Sinha V, Zhao P, Huang SM, Zineh I. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling: from regulatory science to regulatory policy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 95:478-80. [PMID: 24747236 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2014.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of controllable sources of intra- and interpatient variability in drug response is of critical importance in the regulatory evaluation of new drugs.(1) Although determinants of response variability would ideally be understood and accounted for before approval of a new pharmaceutical product, this is rarely the case for all; clinical trials in specific populations that definitively test optimal dosing in patient management strategies are not routinely performed prior to drug approval.
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Morrow L, Hompesch M, Jacober S, Choi SL, Qu Y, Sinha V. LY2605541 (LY) exhibits a Flatter Glucodynamic profile than insulin Glargine (GL) at steady state in subjects with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vieira MDLT, Kim MJ, Apparaju S, Sinha V, Zineh I, Huang SM, Zhao P. PBPK model describes the effects of comedication and genetic polymorphism on systemic exposure of drugs that undergo multiple clearance pathways. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 95:550-7. [PMID: 24556783 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2014.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An important goal in drug development is to understand the effects of intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors (IEFs) on drug pharmacokinetics. Although clinical studies investigating a given IEF can accomplish this goal, they may not be feasible for all IEFs or for situations when multiple IEFs exist concurrently. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models may serve as a complementary tool for forecasting the effects of IEFs. We developed PBPK models for four drugs that are eliminated by both cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 and CYP2D6, and evaluated model prediction of the effects of comedications and/or genetic polymorphism on drug exposure. PBPK models predicted 100 and ≥70% of the observed results when the conventional "twofold rule" and the more conservative 25% deviation cut point were applied, respectively. These findings suggest that PBPK models can be used to infer effects of individual or combined IEFs and should be considered to optimize studies that evaluate these factors, specifically drug interactions and genetic polymorphism of drug-metabolizing enzymes.
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