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Deng Y, Lu L, Liang X, Li J, Zhu D, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Liu X, Fu Y. DNA methylation-mediated silencing of Neuronatin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Life Sci 2023; 312:121266. [PMID: 36473542 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the methylation status, function, and underlying mechanism of the imprinted gene Neuronatin (NNAT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. MAIN METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evaluate the expression of NNAT in HCC samples. Bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR (BSP) was applied to examine the methylation status of the NNAT promoter. In addition, colony formation, 5-Ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays and subcutaneous xenograft nude models were used to explore the roles of NNAT in HCC cell proliferation. Furthermore, RNA-seq and phospho-specific protein microarray assays were conducted to illustrate the underlying mechanism by which NNAT regulates HCC progression. KEY FINDINGS NNAT was obviously downregulated in HCC tissues, and its expression level was closely associated with tumor growth and patient prognosis. The downregulation of NNAT in HCC was induced by hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region, and hypermethylation was correlated with overall survival of HCC. Moreover, the enforced expression of NNAT significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome analysis showed that the alteration of NNAT expression was mainly related to dysregulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Finally, phospho-specific antibody microarray detection further revealed that overexpressed NNAT can increase the phosphorylation levels of LKB1, Met, and elF4E and decrease the phosphorylation levels of PTEN, which are all involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Our research provides new insights into the epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes in tumorigenesis and implies that the imprinted gene NNAT may act as a prognostic biomarker and tumor suppressor in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Deng
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liqing Lu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huichao Huang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Xu J, Zhong Y, Yin H, Linneman J, Luo Y, Xia S, Xia Q, Yang L, Huang X, Kang K, Wang J, Niu Y, Li L, Gou D. Methylation-mediated silencing of PTPRD induces pulmonary hypertension by promoting pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell migration via the PDGFRB/PLCγ1 axis. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1795-1807. [PMID: 35848503 PMCID: PMC9451921 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary hypertension is a lethal disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and is mediated by abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) is the most potent mitogen for PASMCs and is involved in vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension development. Therefore, the objective of our study is to identify novel mechanisms underlying vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. METHODS We explored the effects and mechanisms of PTPRD downregulation in PASMCs and PTPRD knockdown rats in pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia. RESULTS We demonstrated that PTPRD is dramatically downregulated in PDGF-BB-treated PASMCs, pulmonary arteries from pulmonary hypertension rats, and blood and pulmonary arteries from lung specimens of patients with hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) and idiopathic PAH (iPAH). Subsequently, we found that PTPRD was downregulated by promoter methylation via DNMT1. Moreover, we found that PTPRD knockdown altered cell morphology and migration in PASMCs via modulating focal adhesion and cell cytoskeleton. We have demonstrated that the increase in cell migration is mediated by the PDGFRB/PLCγ1 pathway. Furthermore, under hypoxic condition, we observed significant pulmonary arterial remodeling and exacerbation of pulmonary hypertension in heterozygous PTPRD knock-out rats compared with the wild-type group. We also demonstrated that HET group treated with chronic hypoxia have higher expression and activity of PLCγ1 in the pulmonary arteries compared with wild-type group. CONCLUSION We propose that PTPRD likely plays an important role in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling and development of pulmonary hypertension in vivo .
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Haoyang Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - John Linneman
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yixuan Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Sijian Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Qinyi Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Lei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Xingtao Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Kang Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Jun Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Yanqin Niu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Li Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
| | - Deming Gou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Carson International Cancer Center
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Zhou M, Dong J, Huang J, Ye W, Zheng Z, Huang K, Pan Y, Cen J, Liang Y, Shu G, Ye S, Lu X, Zhang J. Chitosan-Gelatin-EGCG Nanoparticle-Meditated LncRNA TMEM44-AS1 Silencing to Activate the P53 Signaling Pathway for the Synergistic Reversal of 5-FU Resistance in Gastric Cancer. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105077. [PMID: 35717675 PMCID: PMC9353463 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the leading causes of therapeutic failure in gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Recent studies have shown lncRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating GC chemoresistance. Nanocarriers delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to silence cancer-related genes has become a novel approach to cancer treatment research. However, finding target genes and developing nanosystems capable of selectively delivering siRNAs for disease treatment remains a challenge. In this study, a novel lncRNA TMEM44-AS1 that is related to 5-FU resistance is identified. TMEM44-AS1 has the ability to bind to and sponge miR-2355-5p, resulting in the upregulated PPP1R13L expression and P53 pathway inhibition. Next, a new nanocarrier called chitosan-gelatin-EGCG (CGE) is developed, which has a higher gene silencing efficiency than lipo2000, to aid in the delivery of a si-TMEM44-AS1 can efficiently silence TMEM44-AS1 expression to synergistically reverse 5-FU resistance in GC, leading to a markedly enhanced 5-FU therapeutic effect in a xenograft mouse model of GC. These findings indicate that TMEM44-AS1 may estimate 5-FU therapy outcome among GC cases, and that systemic si-TMEM44-AS1 delivery combined with 5-FU therapy is significant in the treatment of patients with recurrent GC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Catechin/analogs & derivatives
- Catechin/pharmacology
- Catechin/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chitosan/pharmacology
- Chitosan/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology
- Fluorouracil/pharmacology
- Fluorouracil/therapeutic use
- Gelatin/pharmacology
- Gelatin/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Silencing/drug effects
- Gene Silencing/physiology
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/metabolism
- RNA, Antisense/genetics
- RNA, Antisense/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Junqing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula‐Pattern of Traditional Chinese MedicineFormula‐Pattern Research CenterSchool of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Zhousan Zheng
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Kangbo Huang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Yihui Pan
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Junjie Cen
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Guannan Shu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Xuanxuan Lu
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityNo. 58, Zhongshan road IIGuangzhou510080P. R. China
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Osokine I, Siewiera J, Rideaux D, Ma S, Tsukui T, Erlebacher A. Gene silencing by EZH2 suppresses TGF-β activity within the decidua to avert pregnancy-adverse wound healing at the maternal-fetal interface. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110329. [PMID: 35108527 PMCID: PMC8833843 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A little-appreciated feature of early pregnancy is that embryo implantation and placental outgrowth do not evoke wound-healing responses in the decidua, the specialized endometrial tissue that surrounds the conceptus. Here, we provide evidence that this phenomenon is partly due to an active program of gene silencing mediated by EZH2, a histone methyltransferase that generates repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethyl (H3K27me3) histone marks. We find that pregnancies in mice with EZH2-deficient decidual stromal cells frequently fail by mid-gestation, with the decidua showing ectopic myofibroblast formation, peri-embryonic collagen deposition, and gene expression profiles associated with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-driven fibroblast activation and fibrogenic extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Analogous responses are observed when the mutant decidua is surgically wounded, while blockade of TGF-β receptor signaling inhibits the defects and improves reproductive outcomes. Together, these results highlight a critical feature of reproductive success and have implications for the context-specific control of TGF-β-mediated wound-healing responses elsewhere in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Osokine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Johan Siewiera
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Damon Rideaux
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Stephany Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA
| | - Tatsuya Tsukui
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Adrian Erlebacher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue Medical Sciences, S-1057B, San Francisco, CA 94143-0451, USA; Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Bakar ImmunoX Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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5
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Cornes E, Bourdon L, Singh M, Mueller F, Quarato P, Wernersson E, Bienko M, Li B, Cecere G. piRNAs initiate transcriptional silencing of spermatogenic genes during C. elegans germline development. Dev Cell 2022; 57:180-196.e7. [PMID: 34921763 PMCID: PMC8796119 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes harbor invading transposable elements that are silenced by PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) to maintain genome integrity in animal germ cells. However, whether piRNAs also regulate endogenous gene expression programs remains unclear. Here, we show that C. elegans piRNAs trigger the transcriptional silencing of hundreds of spermatogenic genes during spermatogenesis, promoting sperm differentiation and function. This silencing signal requires piRNA-dependent small RNA biogenesis and loading into downstream nuclear effectors, which correlates with the dynamic reorganization of two distinct perinuclear biomolecular condensates present in germ cells. In addition, the silencing capacity of piRNAs is temporally counteracted by the Argonaute CSR-1, which targets and licenses spermatogenic gene transcription. The spatial and temporal overlap between these opposing small RNA pathways contributes to setting up the timing of the spermatogenic differentiation program. Thus, our work identifies a prominent role for piRNAs as direct regulators of endogenous transcriptional programs during germline development and gamete differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Cornes
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Loan Bourdon
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Meetali Singh
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Florian Mueller
- Imaging and Modeling Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3691 CNRS, C3BI USR 3756 IP CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Piergiuseppe Quarato
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Erik Wernersson
- Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17165, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Magda Bienko
- Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17165, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Tomtebodavägen 23A, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
| | - Blaise Li
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Germano Cecere
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3738, CNRS, Paris 75015, France.
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6
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Fu T, Yang Y, Mu Z, Sun R, Li X, Dong J. Silencing lncRNA LINC01410 suppresses cell viability yet promotes apoptosis and sensitivity to temozolomide in glioblastoma cells by inactivating PTEN/AKT pathway via targeting miR-370-3p. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:680-692. [PMID: 34435542 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1966031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are involved in glioblastoma (GBM), but the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 01410 (lncRNA LINC01410) is poorly understood. METHODS The expression of LINC01410 in GBM tissues and cells was analyzed. After transfection or temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, the cell viability and apoptosis were detected using cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The targeting relationship between LINC01410 and microRNA (miR)-370-3p was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expressions of LINC01410, miR-370-3p and drug resistance- and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN)/AKT pathway-related factors were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS LINC01410 expression was upregulated in GBM, and silencing of LINC01410 decreased cell viability. A slowed decreased trend in cell viability yet an increased half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 for TMZ) value and increased expressions of drug resistance-related factors as well as LINC01410 were found in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Silencing of LINC01410 also decreased the IC50 value yet promoted the sensitivity and apoptosis in TMZ-resistant cells, while upregulating the expression of PTEN and downregulating the phosphorylation of AKT. MiR-370-3p could competitively bind to LINC01410 and its expression was decreased in both parental and TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Downregulation of miR-370-3p reversed the effects of LINC01410 silencing on cell viability, apoptosis and the expressions of miR-370-3p and PTEN/AKT pathway-related factors. CONCLUSION Silencing of LINC01410 inhibits cell viability yet enhances apoptosis and sensitivity to TMZ in GBM cells by inactivating PTEN/AKT pathway via targeting miR-370-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingkai Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao City, China
| | - Yunxue Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao City, China
| | - Zhenxin Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao City, China
| | - Rongwei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao City, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao City, China
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7
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Liu H, Zhang C, Xu J, Jin J, Cheng L, Miao X, Wu Q, Wei Z, Liu P, Lu H, van Zijl PCM, Ross CA, Hua J, Duan W. Huntingtin silencing delays onset and slows progression of Huntington's disease: a biomarker study. Brain 2021; 144:3101-3113. [PMID: 34043007 PMCID: PMC8634120 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease is a dominantly inherited, fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, coding for pathological mutant HTT protein (mHTT). Because of its gain-of-function mechanism and monogenic aetiology, strategies to lower HTT are being actively investigated as disease-modifying therapies. Most approaches are currently targeted at the manifest stage, where clinical outcomes are used to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. However, as almost 50% of striatal volume has been lost at the time of onset of clinical manifest, it would be preferable to begin therapy in the premanifest period. An unmet challenge is how to evaluate therapeutic efficacy before the presence of clinical symptoms as outcome measures. To address this, we aim to develop non-invasive sensitive biomarkers that provide insight into therapeutic efficacy in the premanifest stage of Huntington's disease. In this study, we mapped the temporal trajectories of arteriolar cerebral blood volumes (CBVa) using inflow-based vascular-space-occupancy (iVASO) MRI in the heterozygous zQ175 mice, a full-length mHTT expressing and slowly progressing model with a premanifest period as in human Huntington's disease. Significantly elevated CBVa was evident in premanifest zQ175 mice prior to motor deficits and striatal atrophy, recapitulating altered CBVa in human premanifest Huntington's disease. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated non-allele-specific HTT silencing in striatal neurons restored altered CBVa in premanifest zQ175 mice, delayed onset of striatal atrophy, and slowed the progression of motor phenotype and brain pathology. This study-for the first time-shows that a non-invasive functional MRI measure detects therapeutic efficacy in the premanifest stage and demonstrates long-term benefits of a non-allele-selective HTT silencing treatment introduced in the premanifest Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuai Liu
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chuangchuang Zhang
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jing Jin
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liam Cheng
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xinyuan Miao
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peiying Liu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher A Ross
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jun Hua
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenzhen Duan
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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8
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Chen Q, Bao C, Xu F, Ma C, Huang L, Guo Q, Luo M. Silencing GhJUB1L1 (JUB1-like 1) reduces cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) drought tolerance. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259382. [PMID: 34739505 PMCID: PMC8570493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress massively restricts plant growth and the yield of crops. Reducing the deleterious effects of drought is necessary for agricultural industry. The plant-specific NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) transcription factors (TFs) are widely involved in the regulation of plant development and stress response. One of the NAC TF, JUNGBRUNNEN1 (JUB1), has been reported to involve in drought resistance in Arabidopsis. However, little is known of how the JUB1 gene respond to drought stress in cotton. In the present study, we cloned GhJUB1L1, a homologous gene of JUB1 in upland cotton. GhJUB1L1 is preferentially expressed in stem and leaf and could be induced by drought stress. GhJUB1L1 protein localizes to the cell nucleus, and the transcription activation region of which is located in the C-terminal region. Silencing GhJUB1L1 gene via VIGS () reduced cotton drought tolerance, and retarded secondary cell wall (SCW) development. Additionally, the expression of some drought stress-related genes and SCW synthesis-related genes were altered in the GhJUB1L1 silencing plants. Collectively, our findings indicate that GhJUB1L1 may act as a positive regulator in response to drought stress and SCW development in cotton. Our results enriched the roles of NAC TFs in cotton drought tolerance and laid a foundation for the cultivation of transgenic cotton with higher drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaoya Bao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caixia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qigao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (ML); (QG)
| | - Ming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (ML); (QG)
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9
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Rasool KG, Mehmood K, Tufail M, Husain M, Alwaneen WS, Aldawood AS. Silencing of vitellogenin gene contributes to the promise of controlling red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Sci Rep 2021; 11:21695. [PMID: 34737372 PMCID: PMC8568968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil [Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier)], is native to South Asia and expanding its distribution range globally. Recent invasions of red palm weevil around the world, including Saudi Arabia, has become a global constraint for the production of palm species. Although, several control measures have been tested, none of them seemed successful against this invasive species. Therefore, we focused on silencing the reproduction control gene vitellogenin (Vg) based on RNA interference (RNAi) strategy for its possible application in the management of R. ferrugineus. The Vg is a major yolk protein precursor critical for oogenesis. To do this, fat body transcriptome of R. ferrugineus female adults was sequenced, which provided partial Vg gene transcript (FPKM 5731.60). A complete RfVg gene transcript of 5504 bp encoding 1787 amino acids was then sequenced using RCAE-PCR strategy and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that RfVg has closer ancestry to the coleopteran insects. The RfVg-based RNAi significantly suppressed the expressions of Vg gene. The 15, 20 and 25 days post-injection periods suppressed Vg expressions by 95, 96.6 and 99%, respectively. The suppressed Vg expressions resulted in the dramatic failure of Vg protein expression, which caused atrophied ovaries or no oogenesis and ultimately eggs were not hatched. These results suggest that knockdown of Vg gene involved in R. ferrugineus reproduction is a promising target for RNAi-based management of R. ferrugineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja G Rasool
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNS) University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mureed Husain
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed S Alwaneen
- National Center for Agricultural Technology (NCAT), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S Aldawood
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Wang CH, Lu TJ, Wang LK, Wu CC, Chen ML, Kuo CY, Shyu RY, Tsai FM. Tazarotene-induced gene 1 interacts with Polo-like kinase 2 and inhibits cell proliferation in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2347-2356. [PMID: 34314079 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene that is highly expressed in normal or well-differentiated colon tissues, while downregulation of TIG1 expression occurs in poorly differentiated colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. However, it is still unclear how TIG1 regulates the tumorigenesis of CRC. Polo-like kinases (Plks) are believed to play an important role in regulating the cell cycle. The performance of PLK2 in CRC is negatively correlated with the differentiation status of CRC tissues. Here, we found that PLK2 can induce the growth of CRC cells and that TIG1 can prevent PLK2 from promoting the proliferation of CRC cells. We also found that the expression of PLK2 in CRC cells was associated with low levels of Fbxw7 protein and increased expression of cyclin E1. When TIG1 was coexpressed with PLK2, the changes in Fbxw7/cyclin E1 levels induced by PLK2 were reversed. In contrast, silencing TIG1 promoted the proliferation of CRC, and when PLK2 was also silenced, the proliferation of CRC cells induced by TIG1 silencing was significantly inhibited. The above research results suggest that TIG1 can regulate the tumorigenesis of CRC by regulating the activity of PLK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Ju Lu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Kai Wang
- Radiation Biology Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chieh Wu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital Keelung Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Liang Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Yaun Shyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Wang C, Ma D, Hua Y, Duan H. Modulation of Placental Breast Cancer Resistance Protein by HDAC1 in Mice: Implications for Optimization of Pharmacotherapy During Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:3540-3546. [PMID: 34668144 PMCID: PMC8580892 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00773-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a critical drug efflux transporters by limiting drugs’ transplacental transfer rates. More investigations on the regulation of placental BCRP offer great promise for enabling pronounced progress in individualized and safe pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an important role in epigenetic regulation of placental genes. It was reported recently by us that HDAC1 was involved in placental BCRP regulation in vitro. The aim of this study was to further explore the effect of HDAC1 on placental BCRP expression and functionality in animals. Randomly assigned C57BL pregnant dams received intraperitoneal injections of a negative control siRNA or Hdac1 siRNA from embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) to E15.5, respectively. At E16.5, glyburide (GLB), a probe for evaluating placental BCRP efflux functionality, was injected via the tail vein. Animals were sacrificed through cervical dislocation at various times (5–180 min) after drug administration. The maternal blood, placentas, and fetal-units were collected. GLB concentrations were determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) assay. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis were employed to identify mRNA/protein levels and localization of gene expressions, respectively. It was noted that Hdac1 inhibition significantly decreased placental Bcrp expression, with markedly increases of GLB concentrations and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) in fetal-units. Particularly, the ratios of fetal-unit/maternal plasma GLB concentrations were also significantly elevated following Hdac1 repression. Taken together, these findings suggested that HDAC1 was involved in positive regulation of placental BCRP expression and functionality in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, RenminNanLu Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yimin Hua
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, RenminNanLu Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Duan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, RenminNanLu Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Shen Y, Li R, Teichert K, Montbleau KE, Verboon JM, Voit RA, Sankaran VG. Pathogenic BCL11A variants provide insights into the mechanisms of human fetal hemoglobin silencing. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009835. [PMID: 34634037 PMCID: PMC8530301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can ameliorate the severity of sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. BCL11A has been identified as a key regulator of HbF silencing, although its precise mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have identified pathogenic mutations that cause heterozygous loss-of-function of BCL11A and result in a distinct neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by persistent HbF expression. While the majority of cases have deletions or null mutations causing haploinsufficiency of BCL11A, several missense variants have also been identified. Here, we perform functional studies on these variants to uncover specific liabilities for BCL11A's function in HbF silencing. We find several mutations in an N-terminal C2HC zinc finger that increase proteasomal degradation of BCL11A. We also identify a distinct C-terminal missense variant in the fifth zinc finger domain that we demonstrate causes loss-of-function through disruption of DNA binding. Our analysis of missense variants causing loss-of-function in vivo illuminates mechanisms by which BCL11A silences HbF and also suggests potential therapeutic avenues for HbF induction to treat sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rick Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kristian Teichert
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kara E. Montbleau
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Verboon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Voit
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vijay G. Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Zhang G, Yu T, Parhad SS, Ho S, Weng Z, Theurkauf WE. piRNA-independent transposon silencing by the Drosophila THO complex. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2623-2635.e5. [PMID: 34547226 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
piRNAs guide Piwi/Panoramix-dependent H3K9me3 chromatin modification and transposon silencing during Drosophila germline development. The THO RNA export complex is composed of Hpr1, Tho2, and Thoc5-7. Null thoc7 mutations, which displace Thoc5 and Thoc6 from a Tho2-Hpr1 subcomplex, reduce expression of a subset of germline piRNAs and increase transposon expression, suggesting that THO silences transposons by promoting piRNA biogenesis. Here, we show that the thoc7-null mutant combination increases transposon transcription but does not reduce anti-sense piRNAs targeting half of the transcriptionally activated transposon families. These mutations also fail to reduce piRNA-guided H3K9me3 chromatin modification or block Panoramix-dependent silencing of a reporter transgene, and unspliced transposon transcripts co-precipitate with THO through a Piwi- and Panoramix-independent mechanism. Mutations in piwi also dominantly enhance germline defects associated with thoc7-null alleles. THO thus functions in a piRNA-independent transposon-silencing pathway, which acts cooperatively with Piwi to support germline development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Zhang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tianxiong Yu
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Swapnil S Parhad
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Samantha Ho
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - William E Theurkauf
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Aubets E, Chillon M, Ciudad CJ, Noé V. PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen Hairpins Work as RNA Species for Gene Silencing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10025. [PMID: 34576188 PMCID: PMC8466063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen Hairpins (PPRHs) are gene-silencing DNA-oligonucleotides developed in our laboratory that are formed by two antiparallel polypurine mirror repeat domains bound intramolecularly by Hoogsteen bonds. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of using viral vectors to deliver PPRHs as a gene therapy tool. After treatment with synthetic RNA, plasmid transfection, or viral infection targeting the survivin gene, viability was determined by the MTT assay, mRNA was determined by RT-qPCR, and protein levels were determined by Western blot. We showed that the RNA-PPRH induced a decrease in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and an increase in apoptosis in PC-3 and HeLa cells. Both synthetic RNA-PPRH and RNA-PPRH intracellularly generated upon the transfection of a plasmid vector were able to reduce survivin mRNA and protein levels in PC-3 cells. An adenovirus type-5 vector encoding the PPRH against survivin was also able to decrease survivin mRNA and protein levels, leading to a reduction in HeLa cell viability. In this work, we demonstrated that PPRHs can also work as RNA species, either chemically synthesized, transcribed from a plasmid construct, or transcribed from viral vectors. Therefore, all these results are the proof of principle that viral vectors could be considered as a delivery system for PPRHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Aubets
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Miguel Chillon
- ICREA, Institute of Neurosciences at UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos J. Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
| | - Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.A.); (C.J.C.)
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15
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Anger M, Radonova L, Horakova A, Sekach D, Charousova M. Impact of Global Transcriptional Silencing on Cell Cycle Regulation and Chromosome Segregation in Early Mammalian Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9073. [PMID: 34445775 PMCID: PMC8396661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of an early development is, in mammals, characterized by profound changes of multiple aspects of cellular morphology and behavior. These are including, but not limited to, fertilization and the merging of parental genomes with a subsequent transition from the meiotic into the mitotic cycle, followed by global changes of chromatin epigenetic modifications, a gradual decrease in cell size and the initiation of gene expression from the newly formed embryonic genome. Some of these important, and sometimes also dramatic, changes are executed within the period during which the gene transcription is globally silenced or not progressed, and the regulation of most cellular activities, including those mentioned above, relies on controlled translation. It is known that the blastomeres within an early embryo are prone to chromosome segregation errors, which might, when affecting a significant proportion of a cell within the embryo, compromise its further development. In this review, we discuss how the absence of transcription affects the transition from the oocyte to the embryo and what impact global transcriptional silencing might have on the basic cell cycle and chromosome segregation controlling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Anger
- Central European Institute of Technology, Department of Genetics and Reproduction, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (M.C.)
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16
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Pan L, Niu Z, Gao Y, Wang L, Liu Z, Liu J, Sun J, Pei H. Silencing of CREB Inhibits HDAC2/TLR4/NF-κB Cascade to Relieve Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Induced Myocardial Injury. Inflammation 2021; 44:1565-1580. [PMID: 33725236 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of CREB in cardiomyocytes proliferation in regulation of HDAC2-dependent TLR4/NF-κB pathway in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-induced myocardial injury. The SAP rat model was developed by injecting sodium touracholate into SD rats and then infected with lentivirus vectors expressing sh-CREB in the presence/absence of LPS. The pathological alterations of rat pancreatic and cardiac tissues were observed by HE staining. TUNEL assay was used to study apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Next, the loss- and gain-function assay was conducted in LPS-induced myocardial injury cardiomyocytes to define the roles of CREB, HDAC2, and TLR4 in cardiomyocyte proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and myocardial injury in vitro. ChIP assay was used to study the enrichment of CREB bound to HDAC2 promoter. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expressions of related mRNA and proteins in the NF-κB pathway, respectively. CREB was found to be overexpressed in both SAP tissues and cells. CREB directly bound to the promoter of HDAC2 and activated its expression. Overexpressed CREB or HDAC2 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Suppression of CREB inhibited the HDAC2/TLR4/NF-κB cascade to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The in vitro results were validated in vivo experiments. Coherently, suppression of CREB can inhibit HDAC2/TLR4/NF-κB cascade to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation, thus ameliorating SAP-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Pan
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zequn Niu
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Sun
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Pei
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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17
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Niu Z, Zhang W, Shi J, Li X, Wu H. Effect of silencing C-erbB-2 on esophageal carcinoma cell biological behaviors by inhibiting IGF-1 pathway activation. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:194. [PMID: 34233689 PMCID: PMC8265138 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C-erbB-2 has been confirmed to be an oncogene that participates in cell growth, differentiation and division of tumors. We are wondered if its silenced expression can exert an anti-tumor effect. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the mechanism of C-erbB-2 silencing and IGF-1 pathway on esophageal carcinoma (EC) cell biological behaviors. METHODS The objects of study were 84 EC patients from Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, with the collection of EC tissue and adjacent normal tissue (> 5 cm away from cancer tissue). C-erbB-2 protein expression in EC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Human EC cell line Eca-109 was purchased from Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on different transfection protocols, EC cells with logarithmic growth phase of 3-5 passages were divided into blank control group, oe-C-erbB-2 NC group, siRNA C-erbB-2 NC group, oe-C-erbB-2 group, siRNA C-erbB-2 group, OSI-906 group, Rg5 group, Rg5 + siRNA C-erbB-2 NC group and Rg5 + siRNA C-erbB-2 group. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay; cell cycle distribution and apoptosis by flow cytometry; C-erbB-2, IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt mRNA and protein expressions by qRT-PCR and western blot; and cell invasion and migration by Transwell assay and scratch test. Tumor growth was observed in male BALB/c nude mice (Shanghai Experimental Animal Center) based on Eca109 cell implantation, raising, and measurement. RESULTS C-erbB-2, IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt expression were higher in EC tissues than those in adjacent tissues (all P < 0.05). Compared with blank control group, both si-C-erbB-2 and OSI-906 groups had decreased IGF-1, IGF-1R and Akt mRNA and protein expressions, decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, prolonged G0/G1 phase, shortened S phase, increased cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth (all P < 0.05); while opposite trends were detected in C-erbB-2 vector and Rg5 groups (all P < 0.05), without statistical differences in siRNA C-erbB-2 + Rg5 group (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Silencing C-erbB-2 expression may inhibit EC cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and block cell cycle progression by inhibiting IGF-1 pathway activation. The beneficial effect of silencing C-erbB-2 expression can be reversed by promoting the activation of IGF-1 pathway. Findings in our study may provide potential reference for understanding the molecular mechanism of EC and supply possible axis for preventing the development of EC from the perspective of molecular biology.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Gene Silencing/physiology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1
- Transfection
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Niu
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Jialun Shi
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Hanlei Wu
- Cardiothoracic surgery department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110 Yan'an South Road, Luzhou District, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
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18
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Zhang N, Bewick B, Schultz J, Tiwari A, Krencik R, Zhang A, Adachi K, Xia G, Yun K, Sarkar P, Ashizawa T. DNAzyme Cleavage of CAG Repeat RNA in Polyglutamine Diseases. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1710-1728. [PMID: 34160773 PMCID: PMC8609077 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CAG repeat expansion is the genetic cause of nine incurable polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases with neurodegenerative features. Silencing repeat RNA holds great therapeutic value. Here, we developed a repeat-based RNA-cleaving DNAzyme that catalyzes the destruction of expanded CAG repeat RNA of six polyQ diseases with high potency. DNAzyme preferentially cleaved the expanded allele in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) cells. While cleavage was non-allele-specific for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) cells, treatment of DNAzyme leads to improved cell viability without affecting mitochondrial metabolism or p62-dependent aggresome formation. DNAzyme appears to be stable in mouse brain for at least 1 month, and an intermediate dosage of DNAzyme in a SCA3 mouse model leads to a significant reduction of high molecular weight ATXN3 proteins. Our data suggest that DNAzyme is an effective RNA silencing molecule for potential treatment of multiple polyQ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Brittani Bewick
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Jason Schultz
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Anjana Tiwari
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Robert Krencik
- Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Kaho Adachi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, UC-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Guangbin Xia
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN USA
| | - Kyuson Yun
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Partha Sarkar
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, UTMB Health, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Tetsuo Ashizawa
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
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19
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Dubois C, Kondratska K, Kondratskyi A, Morabito A, Mesilmany L, Farfariello V, Toillon RA, Ziental Gelus N, Laurenge E, Vanden Abeele F, Lemonnier L, Prevarskaya N. ORAI3 silencing alters cell proliferation and promotes mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2021; 1868:119023. [PMID: 33798603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration play a central role in many fundamental cellular processes including muscle contraction, neurotransmission, cell proliferation, differentiation, gene transcription and cell death. Many of these processes are known to be regulated by store-operated calcium channels (SOCs), among which ORAI1 is the most studied in cancer cells, leaving the role of other ORAI channels yet inadequately addressed. Here we demonstrate that ORAI3 channels are expressed in both normal (HPDE) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines, where they form functional channels, their knockdown affecting store operated calcium entry (SOCE). More specifically, ORAI3 silencing increased SOCE in PDAC cell lines, while decreasing SOCE in normal pancreatic cell line. We also show the role of ORAI3 in proliferation, cell cycle, viability, mitotic catastrophe and cell death. Finally, we demonstrate that ORAI3 silencing impairs pancreatic tumor growth and induces cell death in vivo, suggesting that ORAI3 could represent a potential therapeutic target in PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dubois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Kateryna Kondratska
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Artem Kondratskyi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Angela Morabito
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Lina Mesilmany
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Valerio Farfariello
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | - Emilie Laurenge
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Fabien Vanden Abeele
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Loic Lemonnier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, 59000 Lille, France.
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20
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Burton EM, Akinyemi IA, Frey TR, Xu H, Li X, Su LJ, Zhi J, McIntosh MT, Bhaduri-McIntosh S. A heterochromatin inducing protein differentially recognizes self versus foreign genomes. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009447. [PMID: 33730092 PMCID: PMC8007004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-associated box-domain zinc finger protein (KRAB-ZFP) transcriptional repressors recruit TRIM28/KAP1 to heterochromatinize the mammalian genome while also guarding the host by silencing invading foreign genomes. However, how a KRAB-ZFP recognizes target sequences in the natural context of its own or foreign genomes is unclear. Our studies on B-lymphocytes permanently harboring the cancer-causing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have shown that SZF1, a KRAB-ZFP, binds to several lytic/replicative phase genes to silence them, thereby promoting the latent/quiescent phase of the virus. As a result, unless SZF1 and its binding partners are displaced from target regions on the viral genome, EBV remains dormant, i.e. refractory to lytic phase-inducing triggers. As SZF1 also heterochromatinizes the cellular genome, we performed in situ footprint mapping on both viral and host genomes in physically separated B-lymphocytes bearing latent or replicative/active EBV genomes. By analyzing footprints, we learned that SZF1 recognizes the host genome through a repeat sequence-bearing motif near centromeres. Remarkably, SZF1 does not use this motif to recognize the EBV genome. Instead, it uses distinct binding sites that lack obvious similarities to each other or the above motif, to silence the viral genome. Virus mutagenesis studies show that these distinct binding sites are not only key to maintaining the established latent phase but also silencing the lytic phase in newly-infected cells, thus enabling the virus to establish latency and transform cells. Notably, these binding sites on the viral genome, when also present on the human genome, are not used by SZF1 to silence host genes during latency. This differential approach towards target site recognition may reflect a strategy by which the host silences and regulates genomes of persistent invaders without jeopardizing its own homeostasis. Heterochromatin marks silenced portions of the human genome. Heterochromatin also serves as a defense strategy to silence foreign genomes. Yet, how the heterochromatin inducing KRAB-ZFP-TRIM28 machinery recognizes target sites on the native genome, whether self or foreign, is unclear. Using Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells in which a KRAB-ZFP, SZF1, silences lytic/replicative-phase genes of the virus, we performed in situ mapping of ZFP-footprints on cell and viral genomes. We find that while the ZFP uses a repeat sequence-bearing motif to target pericentromeric regions, it uses non-consensus sites to target viral genes. These findings point towards i) a mechanism for directing constitutive heterochromatin and ii) a strategy that allows the host to use the same heterochromatin machinery to regulate an invader without deregulating itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Burton
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Ibukun A. Akinyemi
- Child Health Research Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tiffany R. Frey
- Child Health Research Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Huanzhou Xu
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lai Jing Su
- Child Health Research Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jizu Zhi
- Dept of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael T. McIntosh
- Child Health Research Institute, Depts. of Pediatrics and of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MTM); (SB-M)
| | - Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh
- Division of Infectious Disease, Depts. of Pediatrics and of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MTM); (SB-M)
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21
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Werner Ribeiro C, Dugé de Bernonville T, Glévarec G, Lanoue A, Oudin A, Pichon O, St-Pierre B, Courdavault V, Besseau S. ALSV-Based Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Apple Tree (Malus × domestica L.). Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2172:183-197. [PMID: 32557370 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0751-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a fast and efficient tool to investigate gene function in plant as an alternative to knock down/out transgenic lines, especially in plant species difficult to transform and challenging to regenerate such as perennial woody plants. In apple tree, a VIGS vector has been previously developed based on the Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) and an efficient inoculation method has been optimized using biolistics. This report described detailed step-by-step procedure to design and silence a gene of interest (GOI) in apple tree tissues using the ALSV-based vector.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gaëlle Glévarec
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Audrey Oudin
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Olivier Pichon
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Benoit St-Pierre
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Besseau
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
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22
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Xiao H, Liu Z, Zou X, Xu Y, Peng L, Hu J, Lin H. Silencing of rice PPR gene PPS1 exhibited enhanced sensibility to abiotic stress and remarkable accumulation of ROS. J Plant Physiol 2021; 258-259:153361. [PMID: 33429329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses widely constrain the development and reproduction of plant, especially impaired the yield of crops greatly. Recent researches presented pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins play crucial role in response to abiotic stress. However, the underlying mechanism of PPR genes in regulation of abiotic stress is still obscures. In our recent study, we found that the knockout of rice PPS1 causes pleiotropic growth disorders, including growth retardation, dwarf and sterile pollen, and finally leads to impaired C-U RNA editing at five consecutive sites on the mitochondrial nad3. In this study, we further investigate the roles of PPS1 in abiotic stress tolerance, we confirmed that pss1-RNAi line exhibited enhanced sensitivity to salinity and ABA stress at vegetative stage, specifically. While reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate significantly only at reproductive stage, which further activated the expression of several ROS-scavenging system related genes. These results implied that PPS1 functioned on ROS signaling network to contribute for the flexibility to abiotic stresses. Our research emphasizes the stress adaptability mediated by the PPR protein, and also provides new insight into the understanding of the interaction between cytoplasm and nucleus and signal transduction involved in RNA editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanghong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Leilei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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23
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Cambiagno DA, Giudicatti AJ, Arce AL, Gagliardi D, Li L, Yuan W, Lundberg DS, Weigel D, Manavella PA. HASTY modulates miRNA biogenesis by linking pri-miRNA transcription and processing. Mol Plant 2021; 14:426-439. [PMID: 33385584 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs) modulates numerous developmental and stress response pathways. For the last two decades, HASTY (HST), the ortholog of human EXPORTIN 5, was considered to be a candidate protein that exports plant miRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Here, we report that HST functions in the miRNA pathway independent of its cargo-exporting activity in Arabidopsis. We found that Arabidopsis mutants with impaired HST shuttling exhibit normal subcellular distribution of miRNAs. Interestingly, protein-protein interaction and microscopy assays showed that HST directly interacts with the microprocessor core component DCL1 through its N-terminal domain. Moreover, mass spectrometry analysis revealed that HST also interacts independently of its N-terminal domain with the mediator complex subunit MED37. Further experiments revealed that HST could act as a scaffold to facilitate the recruitment of DCL1 to genomic MIRNA loci by stabilizing the DCL1-MED37 complex, which in turn promotes the transcription and proper processing of primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs). Taken together, these results suggest that HST is likely associated with the formation of the miRNA biogenesis complex at MIRNA genes, promoting the transcription and processing of pri-miRNAs rather than the direct export of processed miRNAs from the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian A Cambiagno
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Axel J Giudicatti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Agustin L Arce
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Delfina Gagliardi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Derek S Lundberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pablo A Manavella
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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24
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Chun YY, Yap ZL, Seet LF, Chan HH, Toh LZ, Chu SWL, Lee YS, Wong TT, Tan TTY. Positive-charge tuned gelatin hydrogel-siSPARC injectable for siRNA anti-scarring therapy in post glaucoma filtration surgery. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1470. [PMID: 33446775 PMCID: PMC7809290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapy is a promising epigenetic silencing strategy. However, its widespread adoption has been severely impeded by its ineffective delivery into the cellular environment. Here, a biocompatible injectable gelatin-based hydrogel with positive-charge tuned surface charge is presented as an effective platform for siRNA protection and delivery. We demonstrate a two-step synthesis of a gelatin-tyramine (Gtn-Tyr) hydrogel with simultaneous charge tunability and crosslinking ability. We discuss how different physiochemical properties of the hydrogel interact with siSPARC (siRNA for secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine), and study the positive-charge tuned gelatin hydrogel as an effective delivery platform for siSPARC in anti-fibrotic treatment. Through in vitro studies using mouse tenon fibroblasts, the positive-charge tuned Gtn-Tyr hydrogel shows sustained siSPARC cellular internalization and effective SPARC silencing with excellent biocompatibility. Similarly, the same hydrogel platform delivering siSPARC in an in vivo assessment employing a rabbit model shows an effective reduction in subconjunctival scarring in post glaucoma filtration surgery, and is non-cytotoxic compared to a commonly used anti-scarring agent, mitomycin-C. Overall, the current siRNA delivery strategy involving the positive-charge tuned gelatin hydrogel shows effective delivery of gene silencing siSPARC for anti-fibrotic treatment. The current charge tunable hydrogel delivery system is simple to fabricate and highly scalable. We believe this delivery platform has strong translational potential for effective siRNA delivery and epigenetic silencing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yao Chun
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
- Ocular Imaging, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Zhu Li Yap
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Glaucoma Service, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Li Fong Seet
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Hiok Hong Chan
- Glaucoma Service, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Li Zhen Toh
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Stephanie W L Chu
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Ying Shi Lee
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Glaucoma Service, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Tina T Wong
- Ocular Therapeutics and Drug Delivery, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
- Glaucoma Service, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Faculty Ave, Singapore, 639977, Singapore.
| | - Timothy T Y Tan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
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25
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Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an innate cellular mechanism triggered by a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecule causing selective inhibition of gene expression. Here, we demonstrated the RNAi technology for gene silencing in sugarcane for biofuel production. This chapter describes an efficient model system that established to target the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and the RNAi construct is designed and delivered through Agrobacterium mediated stable sugarcane transformation. Also, the approach for an analysis of resulting putative transgenic plants for a targeted RNAi mediated gene silencing is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveenarani Murugan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chakravarthi Mohan
- Agronomy Department, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Baskaran Kannan
- Agronomy Department, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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26
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Fan H, Lu J, Guo Y, Li D, Zhang ZM, Tsai YH, Pi WC, Ahn JH, Gong W, Xiang Y, Allison DF, Geng H, He S, Diao Y, Chen WY, Strahl BD, Cai L, Song J, Wang GG. BAHCC1 binds H3K27me3 via a conserved BAH module to mediate gene silencing and oncogenesis. Nat Genet 2020; 52:1384-1396. [PMID: 33139953 PMCID: PMC8330957 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) regulates gene repression, cell-fate determination and differentiation. We report that a conserved bromo-adjacent homology (BAH) module of BAHCC1 (BAHCC1BAH) 'recognizes' H3K27me3 specifically and enforces silencing of H3K27me3-demarcated genes in mammalian cells. Biochemical, structural and integrated chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing-based analyses demonstrate that direct readout of H3K27me3 by BAHCC1 is achieved through a hydrophobic trimethyl-L-lysine-binding 'cage' formed by BAHCC1BAH, mediating colocalization of BAHCC1 and H3K27me3-marked genes. BAHCC1 is highly expressed in human acute leukemia and interacts with transcriptional corepressors. In leukemia, depletion of BAHCC1, or disruption of the BAHCC1BAH-H3K27me3 interaction, causes derepression of H3K27me3-targeted genes that are involved in tumor suppression and cell differentiation, leading to suppression of oncogenesis. In mice, introduction of a germline mutation at Bahcc1 to disrupt its H3K27me3 engagement causes partial postnatal lethality, supporting a role in development. This study identifies an H3K27me3-directed transduction pathway in mammals that relies on a conserved BAH 'reader'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitao Fan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jiuwei Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yiran Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dongxu Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Hsuan Tsai
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wen-Chieh Pi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeong Hyun Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weida Gong
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David F Allison
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Huimin Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shenghui He
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian D Strahl
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jikui Song
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Gang Greg Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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27
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Yuan H, Ruan Y, Tan Y, Reed-Maldonado AB, Chen Y, Zhao D, Wang Z, Zhou F, Peng D, Banie L, Wang G, Liu J, Lin G, Qi LS, Lue TF. Regenerating Urethral Striated Muscle by CRISPRi/dCas9-KRAB-Mediated Myostatin Silencing for Obesity-Associated Stress Urinary Incontinence. CRISPR J 2020; 3:562-572. [PMID: 33346712 PMCID: PMC7757699 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2020.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight females are prone to obesity-associated stress urinary incontinence (OA-SUI), and there are no definitive medical therapies for this common urologic condition. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that regenerative therapy to restore urethral striated muscle (stM) and pelvic floor muscles might represent a valuable therapeutic approach. For the in vitro experiment, single-guide RNAs targeting myostatin (MSTN) were used for CRISPRi/dCas9-Kruppel associated box (KRAB)-mediated gene silencing. For the in vivo experiment, a total of 14 female lean ZUC-Leprfa 186 and 14 fatty ZUC-Leprfa 185 rats were used as control and CRISPRi-MSTN treated groups, respectively. The results indicated that lentivirus-mediated expression of MSTN CRISPRi/dCas9-KRAB caused sustained downregulation of MSTN in rat L6 myoblast cells and significantly enhanced myogenesis in vitro. In vivo, the urethral sphincter injection of lentiviral-MSTN sgRNA and lentiviral-dCas9-KRAB significantly increased the leak point pressure, the thickness of the stM layer, the ratio of stM to smooth muscle, and the number of neuromuscular junctions. Downregulation of MSTN with CRISPRi/dCas9-KRAB-mediated gene silencing significantly enhanced myogenesis in vitro and in vivo. It also improved urethral continence in the OA-SUI rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixing Yuan
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yan Tan
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Amanda B. Reed-Maldonado
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Urology, Tripler Army Medical Center, 1 Jarrett White Road, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; and Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yinwei Chen
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Zhao Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Dongyi Peng
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lia Banie
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Guifang Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lei S. Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tom F. Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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28
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Tunbak H, Enriquez-Gasca R, Tie CHC, Gould PA, Mlcochova P, Gupta RK, Fernandes L, Holt J, van der Veen AG, Giampazolias E, Burns KH, Maillard PV, Rowe HM. The HUSH complex is a gatekeeper of type I interferon through epigenetic regulation of LINE-1s. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5387. [PMID: 33144593 PMCID: PMC7609715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Silencing Hub (HUSH) complex is necessary for epigenetic repression of LINE-1 elements. We show that HUSH-depletion in human cell lines and primary fibroblasts leads to induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through JAK/STAT signaling. This effect is mainly attributed to MDA5 and RIG-I sensing of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). This coincides with upregulation of primate-conserved LINE-1s, as well as increased expression of full-length hominid-specific LINE-1s that produce bidirectional RNAs, which may form dsRNA. Notably, LTRs nearby ISGs are derepressed likely rendering these genes more responsive to interferon. LINE-1 shRNAs can abrogate the HUSH-dependent response, while overexpression of an engineered LINE-1 construct activates interferon signaling. Finally, we show that the HUSH component, MPP8 is frequently downregulated in diverse cancers and that its depletion leads to DNA damage. These results suggest that LINE-1s may drive physiological or autoinflammatory responses through dsRNA sensing and gene-regulatory roles and are controlled by the HUSH complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hale Tunbak
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Rocio Enriquez-Gasca
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | | | - Poppy A Gould
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Petra Mlcochova
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 0AF, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 0AF, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liane Fernandes
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - James Holt
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Annemarthe G van der Veen
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kathleen H Burns
- Department of Pathology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Pierre V Maillard
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Helen M Rowe
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK.
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29
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Li R, Xia X, Wang X, Sun X, Dai Z, Huo D, Zheng H, Xiong H, He A, Wu X. Generation and validation of versatile inducible CRISPRi embryonic stem cell and mouse model. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000749. [PMID: 33253175 PMCID: PMC7728392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) 9 has been widely used far beyond genome editing. Fusions of deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) to transcription effectors enable interrogation of the epigenome and controlling of gene expression. However, the large transgene size of dCas9-fusion hinders its applications especially in somatic tissues. Here, we develop a robust CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system by transgenic expression of doxycycline (Dox) inducible dCas9-KRAB in mouse embryonic stem cells (iKRAB ESC). After introduction of specific single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs), the induced dCas9-KRAB efficiently maintains gene inactivation, although it modestly down-regulates the expression of active genes. The proper timing of Dox addition during cell differentiation or reprogramming allows us to study or screen spatiotemporally activated promoters or enhancers and thereby the gene functions. Furthermore, taking the ESC for blastocyst injection, we generate an iKRAB knock-in (KI) mouse model that enables the shutdown of gene expression and loss-of-function (LOF) studies ex vivo and in vivo by a simple transduction of gRNAs. Thus, our inducible CRISPRi ESC line and KI mouse provide versatile and convenient platforms for functional interrogation and high-throughput screens of specific genes and potential regulatory elements in the setting of development or diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongye Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dawei Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiqing Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aibin He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Premature Infants, Tianjin, China
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30
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Moro L, Simoneschi D, Kurz E, Arbini AA, Jang S, Guaragnella N, Giannattasio S, Wang W, Chen YA, Pires G, Dang A, Hernandez E, Kapur P, Mishra A, Tsirigos A, Miller G, Hsieh JT, Pagano M. Epigenetic silencing of the ubiquitin ligase subunit FBXL7 impairs c-SRC degradation and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1130-1142. [PMID: 32839549 PMCID: PMC7484425 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic plasticity is a pivotal factor that drives metastasis. Here, we show that the promoter of the gene that encodes the ubiquitin ligase subunit FBXL7 is hypermethylated in advanced prostate and pancreatic cancers, correlating with decreased FBXL7 mRNA and protein levels. Low FBXL7 mRNA levels are predictive of poor survival in patients with pancreatic and prostatic cancers. FBXL7 mediates the ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of active c-SRC after its phosphorylation at Ser 104. The DNA-demethylating agent decitabine recovers FBXL7 expression and limits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell invasion in a c-SRC-dependent manner. In vivo, FBXL7-depleted cancer cells form tumours with a high metastatic burden. Silencing of c-SRC or treatment with the c-SRC inhibitor dasatinib together with FBXL7 depletion prevents metastases. Furthermore, decitabine reduces metastases derived from prostate and pancreatic cancer cells in a FBXL7-dependent manner. Collectively, this research implicates FBXL7 as a metastasis-suppressor gene and suggests therapeutic strategies to counteract metastatic dissemination of pancreatic and prostatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Moro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy.
| | - Daniele Simoneschi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma Kurz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arnaldo A Arbini
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaowen Jang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Wei Wang
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Geoffrey Pires
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Dang
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hernandez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Payal Kapur
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ankita Mishra
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Miller
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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31
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Liu YS, Gu H, Huang TC, Wei XW, Ma W, Liu D, He YW, Luo WT, Huang JT, Zhao D, Jia SS, Wang F, Zhang T, Bai YZ, Wang WL, Yuan ZW. miR-322 treatment rescues cell apoptosis and neural tube defect formation through silencing NADPH oxidase 4. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:902-912. [PMID: 32329577 PMCID: PMC7415201 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Failure of neural tube closure resulting from excessive apoptosis leads to neural tube defects (NTDs). NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is a critical mediator of cell growth and death, yet its role in NTDs has never been characterized. NOX4 is a potential target of miR-322, and we have previously demonstrated that miR-322 was involved in high glucose-induced NTDs. In this study, we investigated the effect of NOX4 on the embryonic neuroepithelium in NTDs and reveal a new regulatory mechanism for miR-322 that disrupts neurulation by ameliorating cell apoptosis. METHODS All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced mouse model was utilized to study NTDs. RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to confirm the interaction between NOX4 and miR-322. In mouse neural stem cells and whole-embryo culture, Western blot and TUNEL were carried out to investigate the effects of miR-322 and NOX4 on neuroepithelium apoptosis in NTD formation. RESULTS NOX4, as a novel target of miR-322, was upregulated in ATRA-induced mouse model of NTDs. In mouse neural stem cells, the expression of NOX4 was inhibited by miR-322; still further, NOX4-triggered apoptosis was also suppressed by miR-322. Moreover, in whole-embryo culture, injection of the miR-322 mimic into the amniotic cavity attenuated cell apoptosis in NTD formation by silencing NOX4. CONCLUSION miR-322/NOX4 plays a crucial role in apoptosis-induced NTD formation, which may provide a new understanding of the mechanism of embryonic NTDs and a basis for potential therapeutic target against NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Si Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Chu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Wen He
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Ting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie-Ting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Duan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shan-Shan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Zuo Bai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bertocchi I, Oberto A, Longo A, Palanza P, Eva C. Conditional inactivation of Npy1r gene in mice induces sex-related differences of metabolic and behavioral functions. Horm Behav 2020; 125:104824. [PMID: 32755609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormone-driven differences in gene expression have been identified in experimental animals, highlighting brain neuronal populations implicated in dimorphism of metabolic and behavioral functions. Neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptor (NPY-Y1R) system is sexually dimorphic and sensitive to gonadal steroids. In the present study we compared the phenotype of male and female conditional knockout mice (Npy1rrfb mice), carrying the inactivation of Npy1r gene in excitatory neurons of the brain limbic system. Compared to their male control (Npy1r2lox) littermates, male Npy1rrfb mice exhibited hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that is associated with anxiety and executive dysfunction, reduced body weight growth, after-fasting refeeding, white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and plasma leptin levels. Conversely, female Npy1rrfb mice displayed an anxious-like behavior but no differences in HPA axis activity, executive function and body weight, compared to control females. Moreover, conditional inactivation of Npy1r gene induced an increase of subcutaneous and gonadal WAT weight and plasma leptin levels and a compensatory decrease of Agouti-related protein immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) nucleus in females, compared to their respective control littermates. Interestingly, Npy1r mRNA expression was reduced in the ARC and in the paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei of female, but not male mice. These results demonstrated that female mice are resilient to hormonal and metabolic effects of limbic Npy1r gene inactivation, suggesting the existence of an estrogen-dependent relay necessary to ensure the maintenance of the homeostasis, that can be mediated by hypothalamic Y1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bertocchi
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oberto
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Longo
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Palanza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Carola Eva
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy.
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Edosa TT, Jo YH, Keshavarz M, Kim IS, Han YS. Biosurfactants Induce Antimicrobial Peptide Production through the Activation of TmSpatzles in Tenebrio molitor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176090. [PMID: 32847078 PMCID: PMC7504391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactant immunomodulatory activities in mammals, nematodes, and plants have been investigated. However, the immune activation property of biosurfactants in insects has not been reported. Therefore, here, we studied the defense response triggered by lipopeptides (fengycin and iturin A), glycolipids (rhamnolipid), and cyclic polypeptides (bacitracin) in the coleopteran insect, mealworm Tenebrio molitor. The in vitro antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candida albicans) were assessed by mixing these pathogens with the hemolymph of biosurfactant-immune-activated larvae. E. coli growth was remarkably inhibited by this hemolymph. The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) induction results also revealed that all biosurfactants tested induced several AMPs, exclusively in hemocytes. The survivability analysis of T. molitor larvae challenged by E. coli (106 CFU/µL) at 24 h post biosurfactant-immune activation showed that fengycin, iturin A, and rhamnopid significantly increased survivability against E. coli. Biosurfactant-induced TmSpatzles activation was also monitored, and the results showed that TmSpz3 and TmSpz-like were upregulated in the hemocytes of iturin A-injected larvae, while TmSpz4 and TmSpz6 were upregulated in the fat bodies of the fengycin-, iturin A-, and rhamnolipid-injected larvae. Overall, these results suggest that lipopeptide and glycolipid biosurfactants induce the expression of AMPs in T. molitor via the activation of spätzle genes, thereby increasing the survivability of T. molitor against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Tesfaye Edosa
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.)
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ambo 37, Ethiopia
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (T.T.E.); (Y.H.J.); (M.K.)
| | - In Seon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ambo 37, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-530-2072
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Abstract
Many members of the family Gesneriaceae are cultivated as ornamental plants, including Cape primrose (Streptocarpus) species. The range of plant architecture found in this genus has also made it a model to study leaf and meristem development and their evolution. However, the lack of tools to study gene functions through reverse genetics in Streptocarpus has limited the exploitation of its genetic potential. To aid functional genomic studies in Streptocarpus rexii, we sought to investigate virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Using the broad host range Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) to target the PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS) gene of S. rexii, we show that infection with sap from Nicotiana benthamiana triggered VIGS efficiently. VIGS was most effective in the seedling leaves 8 weeks after sowing, but was limited in duration and systemic spread. This study reports the first successful use of VIGS in Streptocarpus and in the family Gesneriaceae. The inoculation of viral sap derived from N. benthamiana was able to overcome the difficulties of standard Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in this genus. Irrespective of its transient effect, this VIGS system will be useful to assess gene function at the cellular level and represent an important tool for further understanding molecular mechanisms in Streptocarpus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Nishii
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, Scotland, UK.
- Kanagawa University, 2946, Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa, 259-1293, Japan.
| | - Yue Fei
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Andrew Hudson
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Michael Möller
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, Scotland, UK
| | - Attila Molnar
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK.
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Jin Y, Wang H, Li X, Zhu H, Sun D, Sun X, Liu H, Zhang Z, Cao L, Gao C, Wang H, Liang XJ, Zhang J, Yang X. Multifunctional DNA Polymer-Assisted Upconversion Therapeutic Nanoplatform for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:26832-26841. [PMID: 32449617 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable clinical attempts on various kinds of cancers have been made, photodynamic therapy (PDT) still suffers from attenuated therapeutic effects because of the developed resistance of cancer cells. As a novel antiapoptosis protein, survivin has been demonstrated to be selectively overexpressed in a great number of human malignancies and plays a significant part in cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Herein, we present an upconversion nanoplatform for enhanced PDT by DNAzyme-mediated gene silencing of survivin. In our system, a long single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with a repetitive aptamer (AS1411) and survivin-targeted DNAzyme was fabricated by rolling circle amplification (RCA) and adsorbed on the upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) by electrostatic attraction. The multivalence of the ssDNA endows the upconversion nanoplatform with high recognition and loading capacity of photosensitizers and DNAzymes. When the nanoplatform is targeted internalized into cancer cells, PDT can be triggered by near-infrared (NIR) light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing the cancer cells. Moreover, the encoded DNAzyme can efficiently inhibit the gene expression of survivin, providing the potential to enhance the efficiency of PDT. This study thus highlights the promise of an upconversion photodynamic nanoplatform for admirable combination therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaona Li
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Danna Sun
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Ziying Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Cao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Changlin Gao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
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Lewis A, Berkyurek AC, Greiner A, Sawh AN, Vashisht A, Merrett S, Flamand MN, Wohlschlegel J, Sarov M, Miska EA, Duchaine TF. A Family of Argonaute-Interacting Proteins Gates Nuclear RNAi. Mol Cell 2020; 78:862-875.e8. [PMID: 32348780 PMCID: PMC7613089 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear RNA interference (RNAi) pathways work together with histone modifications to regulate gene expression and enact an adaptive response to transposable RNA elements. In the germline, nuclear RNAi can lead to trans-generational epigenetic inheritance (TEI) of gene silencing. We identified and characterized a family of nuclear Argonaute-interacting proteins (ENRIs) that control the strength and target specificity of nuclear RNAi in C. elegans, ensuring faithful inheritance of epigenetic memories. ENRI-1/2 prevent misloading of the nuclear Argonaute NRDE-3 with small RNAs that normally effect maternal piRNAs, which prevents precocious nuclear translocation of NRDE-3 in the early embryo. Additionally, they are negative regulators of nuclear RNAi triggered from exogenous sources. Loss of ENRI-3, an unstable protein expressed mostly in the male germline, misdirects the RNAi response to transposable elements and impairs TEI. The ENRIs determine the potency and specificity of nuclear RNAi responses by gating small RNAs into specific nuclear Argonautes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lewis
- Department of Biochemistry & Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | | | - Andre Greiner
- Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Institute, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ahilya N Sawh
- Department of Biochemistry & Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Ajay Vashisht
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie Merrett
- Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Institute, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mathieu N Flamand
- Department of Biochemistry & Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - James Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mihail Sarov
- Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Max Planck Institute, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eric A Miska
- Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Thomas F Duchaine
- Department of Biochemistry & Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.
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Abstract
The X inactive-specific transcript (Xist) gene is the master regulator of X chromosome inactivation in mammals. Xist produces a long noncoding (lnc)RNA that accumulates over the entire length of the chromosome from which it is transcribed, recruiting factors to modify underlying chromatin and silence X-linked genes in cis Recent years have seen significant progress in identifying important functional elements in Xist RNA, their associated RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and the downstream pathways for chromatin modification and gene silencing. In this review, we summarize progress in understanding both how these pathways function in Xist-mediated silencing and the complex interplay between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Brockdorff
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph S Bowness
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Guifeng Wei
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
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Hu Z, Huang X, Amombo E, Liu A, Fan J, Bi A, Ji K, Xin H, Chen L, Fu J. The ethylene responsive factor CdERF1 from bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) positively regulates cold tolerance. Plant Sci 2020; 294:110432. [PMID: 32234227 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the major environmental factors that limit growth and utilization of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers], a prominent warm-season turfgrass. However, the molecular mechanism of cold response in bermudagrass remains largely unknown. In this study, we characterized a cold-responsive ERF (ethylene responsive factor) transcription factor, CdERF1, from bermudagrass. CdERF1 expression was induced by cold, drought and salinity stresses. The CdERF1 protein was nucleus-localized and encompassed transcriptional activation activity. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing CdERF1 showed enhanced cold tolerance, whereas CdERF1-underexpressing bermudagrass plants via virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) method exhibited reduced cold resistance compared with control, respectively. Under cold stress, electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and O2- contents were reduced, while the activities of SOD and POD were elevated in transgenic Arabidopsis. By contrast, these above physiological indicators in CdERF1-underexpressing bermudagrass exhibited the opposite trend. To further explore the possible molecular mechanism of bermudagrass cold stress response, the RNA-Seq analyses were performed. The result indicated that overexpression of CdERF1 activated a subset of stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis, such as CBF2, pEARLI1 (lipid transfer protein), PER71 (peroxidase) and LTP (lipid transfer protein). Interestingly, under-expression of CdERF1 suppressed the transcription of many genes in CdERF1-underexpressing bermudagrass, also including pEARLI1 (lipid transfer protein) and PER70 (peroxidase). All these results revealed that CdERF1 positively regulates plant cold response probably by activating stress-related genes, PODs, CBF2 and LTPs. This study also suggests that CdERF1 may be an ideal candidate in the effort to improve cold tolerance of bermudagrass in the further molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xuebing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jibiao Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Aoyue Bi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Kang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Haiping Xin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Jinmin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China; Shandong Coastal Salinity Tolerant Grass Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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39
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Joberty G, Fälth-Savitski M, Paulmann M, Bösche M, Doce C, Cheng AT, Drewes G, Grandi P. A Tandem Guide RNA-Based Strategy for Efficient CRISPR Gene Editing of Cell Populations with Low Heterogeneity of Edited Alleles. CRISPR J 2020; 3:123-134. [PMID: 32315231 PMCID: PMC7194318 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9-based gene knockouts (KOs) enable precise perturbation of target gene function in human cells, which is ideally assessed in an unbiased fashion by molecular omics readouts. Typically, this requires the lengthy process of isolating KO subclones. We show here that KO subclones are phenotypically heterogenous, regardless of the guide RNA used. We present an experimental strategy that avoids subcloning and achieves fast and efficient gene silencing on cell pools, based on the synergistic combination of two guide RNAs mapping at close (40-300 bp) genomic proximity. Our strategy results in better predictable indel generation with a low allelic heterogeneity, concomitant with low or undetectable residual target protein expression, as determined by MS3 mass spectrometry proteomics. Our method is compatible with nondividing primary cells and can also be used to study essential genes. It enables the generation of high confidence omics data which solely reflect the phenotype of the target ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Joberty
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Fälth-Savitski
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Paulmann
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Bösche
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carola Doce
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aaron T Cheng
- Functional Genomics, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paola Grandi
- Functional Genomics, Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Broderick SR, Chapin LJ, Jones ML. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing for Functional Analysis of Flower Traits in Petunia. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2172:199-222. [PMID: 32557371 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0751-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) uses recombinant viruses to knock down the expression of endogenous plant genes, allowing for rapid functional analysis without generating stable transgenic plants. The Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) is a popular vector for VIGS because it has a wide host range that includes Petunia × hybrida (petunia), and it induces minimal viral symptoms. Using reporter genes like chalcone synthase (CHS) in tandem with a gene of interest (GOI; pTRV2-PhCHS-GOI), it is possible to visually identify silenced flowers so that phenotyping is more accurate. Inoculation methods and environmental conditions need to be optimized for each host plant-virus interaction to maximize silencing efficiency. This chapter will provide detailed protocols for VIGS in petunia, with an emphasis on the investigation of flower phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun R Broderick
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Truck Crops Experiment Station, Crystal Springs, MS, USA
| | - Laura J Chapin
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Michelle L Jones
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA.
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41
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Abstract
The chronic infection with the liver fluke of the genus Fasciola spp. is the most prevalent foodborne trematodiasis, affecting at least one-fourth of the world livestock grazing in areas where the parasite is present. Moreover, fascioliasis is considered a major zoonosis mainly in rural areas of central South America, Northern Africa, and Central Asia. Increasing evidences of resistance against triclabendazole may compromise its use as drug of choice; thus, novel control strategies are desperately needed. Functional genomic approaches play a key role in the validation and characterization of new targets for drug and vaccine development. So far, RNA interference has been the only gene silencing approach successfully employed in liver flukes of the genus Fasciola spp. Herein, we describe a detailed step-by-step protocol to perform gene silencing mediated by RNAi in Fasciola hepatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rinaldi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK.
| | - Nicolás Dell'Oca
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Estela Castillo
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - José F Tort
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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42
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Abstract
Easy, practical, and affordable gene silencing techniques are constantly progressing, and genetic tools such as TALEs, RNAi, and CRISPR/Cas9 have emerged as new techniques for understanding the basic biology and virulence mechanisms of pathogenic organisms, including bacteria. Here, we describe one-step targeted gene silencing in Leptospira biflexa by using plasmids expressing catalytically inactive Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (dCas9) and a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) capable of pairing to the coding strand of a desired gene.
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43
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Abstract
Potato is the world's fourth largest food crop and a vegetatively propagated model polyploid plant. To facilitate genomic studies in potato, here we describe detailed protocols to silence genes in both diploid potato Solanum bulbocastanum and tetraploid potato cultivars such as Maris Bard, Arran Pilot, Ancilla, and Serrana using tobacco rattle virus (TRV)- or potato virus X (PVX)-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system, respectively. The established VIGS system represents an efficient and powerful approach for functional analysis of genes involved in growth, development, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Zhao
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Haolang Jiang
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Mycotoxin and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Junqi Song
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Wu Z, Fang X, Zhu D, Dean C. Autonomous Pathway: FLOWERING LOCUS C Repression through an Antisense-Mediated Chromatin-Silencing Mechanism. Plant Physiol 2020; 182:27-37. [PMID: 31740502 PMCID: PMC6945862 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The timing of flowering is vital for plant reproductive success and is therefore tightly regulated by endogenous and exogenous cues. In summer annual Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions, like Columbia-0, rapid flowering is promoted by repression of the floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). This is through the activity of the autonomous pathway, a group of proteins with diverse functions including RNA 3'-end processing factors, spliceosome components, a transcription elongation factor, and chromatin modifiers. These factors function at the FLC locus linking alternative processing of an antisense long noncoding RNA, called COOLAIR, with delivery of a repressive chromatin environment that affects the transcriptional output. The transcriptional output feeds back to influence the chromatin environment, reinforcing and stabilizing that state. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the autonomous pathway and compares it with similar cotranscriptional mechanisms in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wu
- SUSTech-PKU Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaofeng Fang
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Danling Zhu
- SUSTech-PKU Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dean
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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Arce-Rodríguez ML, Ochoa-Alejo N. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) in Chili Pepper (Capsicum spp.). Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2172:27-38. [PMID: 32557359 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0751-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a transcript suppression technique that enables the functional characterization of genes in recalcitrant transformation plants. This technique consists in cloning a short fragment of a gene of interest into a viral vector, such as TRV (Tobacco rattle virus), and this viral construction is used to agro-infiltrate the plant. VIGS induces posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) that results in the specific sequence degradation of target RNAs. Here we describe a VIGS protocol using the Gateway-based TRV vector for the study of genes in chili pepper plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Lisette Arce-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
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46
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Abstract
Research on gene functions in non-model tree species is hampered by a number of difficulties such as time-consuming genetic transformation protocols and extended period for the production of healthy transformed offspring, among others. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an alternative approach to transiently knock out an endogenous gene of interest (GOI) by the introduction of viral sequences encompassing a fragment of the GOI and to exploit the posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanism of the plant, thus triggering silencing of the GOI. Here we describe the successful application of Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-mediated VIGS through agroinoculation of olive plantlets. This methodology is expected to serve as a fast tracking and powerful tool enabling researchers from diversified fields to perform functional genomic analyses in the olive tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Koudounas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
| | - Margarita Thomopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisavet Angeli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dikran Tsitsekian
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatis Rigas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Polydefkis Hatzopoulos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) systems are effective for rapid analysis of gene functions in plants that require a long period of growth such as Lilium. We successfully developed a VIGS system using the cucumber mosaic virus (HL strain, CMV-HL) vector to induce RNA silencing of the L. leichtlinii phytoene desaturase gene (LlPDS), where at 30 days postinoculation (dpi), photo-bleaching was observed in the upper leaves of L. leichtlinii, and at 57 dpi, white regions appeared on flower tepals that accumulate orange carotenoids. This vector spreads in bulbs, and it could induce silencing on emerged shoots in the following year. The CMV-HL vector can be easily constructed by insertion of a 30-60 nt fragment into the cloning site of the RNA3 genome. In this chapter, we describe how to use the CMV-HL vector system in the context of Lilium plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tasaki
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamagishi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Chikara Masuta
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Arun AS, Eddings CR, Wilson KL. Novel missense alleles of SIGMAR1 as tools to understand emerin-dependent gene silencing in response to cocaine. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1354-1361. [PMID: 31324122 PMCID: PMC6880142 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219863444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma1R; SIGMAR1 ), an integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, has a hydrophobic drug-binding pocket that binds with high affinity to addictive drugs (cocaine, methamphetamine) and therapeutics used to treat a wide spectrum of neurological disorders. Cocaine enhances Sigma1R association with three nuclear lamina proteins (emerin, lamin A/C, BANF1), causing Sigma1R-dependent and emerin-dependent recruitment and transcriptional repression of a gene, MAOB1 , involved in dopamine removal from neural synapses. The mechanism of Sigma1R association with emerin and the molecular impact of cocaine on their association are unknown. Mutations in Sigma1R, as a proposed regulator or mis-regulator of the nuclear lamina, have the potential to alter nuclear lamina function in brain or other tissues. We examined the frequency of SIGMAR1 missense alleles among 60,706 unrelated individuals in the ExAC database. We identified two novel SIGMAR1 missense variants of particular interest due to their frequency and potential to impact molecular association with emerin or other nuclear lamina proteins. Variant p.Q2P was widespread in ExAC (overall allele frequency 18.4%) with broad ethnic distribution among non-Finnish Europeans, Africans, South Asians, Latinx (allele frequencies ∼15% to 23%), and East Asians (∼38%). The p.R208W allele was identified in ∼0.78% of individuals overall with enrichment in Africans, Latinx, and East Asians (∼1.9–2.9%). These and other novel Sigma1R variants provide tools for future studies to determine the molecular basis of Sigma1R association with emerin and the mechanism of nuclear lamina misregulation by cocaine and potentially other Sigma1R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adith S Arun
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chelsy R Eddings
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Katherine L Wilson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Malik MI, Nawaz M, Wang Y, Zhang H, Cao J, Zhou Y, Hassan IA, Islam MN, Anwar MN, Zhou J. Localized expression and inhibition effect of miR-184 on blood digestion and oviposition in Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae). Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:500. [PMID: 31653232 PMCID: PMC6814974 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Ixodidae) is widely distributed in East Asia, China, Australia and New Zealand. It can transmit many infectious pathogens, including the causative agents of human rickettsiosis, bovine theileriosis, bovine babesiosis and canine babesiosis. Therefore, a greater understanding of H. longicornis biology might aid in the development of more effective control measures against the tick and tick-borne pathogens. METHODS We analyzed the expression of miR-184 in different developmental stages and various tissues of H. longicornis using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Antagomir (Ant-184) was used to knock-down miR-184, whilst Ms-Ant and non-injected ticks were used as the negative and blank controls, respectively. We used online software tools (RNAhybrid and TargetScan) to predict the putative target genes of miR-184. RESULTS The expression of miR-184 was highest in unfed nymphs and lowest in unfed larvae. The tissue distribution of miR-184 showed abundant expression in the midgut. To investigate the probable roles of miR-184, antagomir (Ant-184) was used to knock-down miR-184 (t(4) = 12.32, P = 0.0002). After inhibiting miR-184, other biological factors were examined in each group. The engorged body weight was significantly reduced in the treated group (Ant-184) in contrast to control groups (t(22) = 2.19, P = 0.0388). The mean duration of the egg-laying days was significantly increased (33.5 ± 1.91) and the number of eggs (t(10) = 3.147, P = 0.0137), and egg mass (t(10) = 3.4472, P = 0.0063) were significantly reduced in the treated group. During oviposition, eggs were monitored and in half of the ticks of the Ant-184 group the eggs were completely desiccated, lacked embryo development and did not hatch. We analyzed the expression of Vg proteins (Vg1, Vg2, Vg3) in semi-engorged ticks, engorged ticks, ticks at day 2 after engorgement and egg stage in Ant-184, non-injected and Ms-Ant groups, and found significant variation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides information on the role of miR-184 in H. longicornis ticks. The data suggest that miR-184 targets Vg proteins and affects blood digestion and oviposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan Malik
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Mohsin Nawaz
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Houshuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Yongzhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Ibrahim A. Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Md. Nazrul Islam
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anwar
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
| | - Jinlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241 China
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50
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Abstract
Genetic tools are critical to dissecting the mechanisms governing cellular processes, from fundamental physiology to pathogenesis. Members of the genus Burkholderia have potential for biotechnological applications but can also cause disease in humans with a debilitated immune system. The lack of suitable genetic tools to edit Burkholderia GC-rich genomes has hampered the exploration of useful capacities and the understanding of pathogenic features. To address this, we have developed CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) technology for gene silencing in Burkholderia, testing it in B. cenocepacia, B. multivorans, and B. thailandensis. Tunable expression was provided by placing a codon-optimized dcas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes under control of a rhamnose-inducible promoter. As a proof of concept, the paaABCDE operon controlling genes necessary for phenylacetic acid degradation was targeted by plasmid-borne gRNAs, resulting in near complete inhibition of growth on phenylacetic acid as the sole carbon source. This was supported by reductions in paaA mRNA expression. The utility of CRISPRi to probe other functions at the single cell level was demonstrated by knocking down phbC and fliF, which dramatically reduces polyhydroxybutyrate granule accumulation and motility, respectively. As a hallmark of the mini-CTX system is the broad host-range of integration, we putatively identified 67 genera of Proteobacteria that might be amenable to modification with our CRISPRi toolkit. Our CRISPRi toolkit provides a simple and rapid way to silence gene expression to produce an observable phenotype. Linking genes to functions with CRISPRi will facilitate genome editing with the goal of enhancing biotechnological capabilities while reducing Burkholderia's pathogenic arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Hogan
- Department of Microbiology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - A S M Zisanur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - Tasia J Lightly
- Department of Microbiology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
| | - Silvia T Cardona
- Department of Microbiology , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba R3T 2N2 , Canada
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