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Pandit M, Akhtar MN, Sundaram S, Sahoo S, Manjunath LE, Eswarappa SM. Termination codon readthrough of NNAT mRNA regulates calcium-mediated neuronal differentiation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105184. [PMID: 37611826 PMCID: PMC10506107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Termination codon readthrough (TCR) is a process in which ribosomes continue to translate an mRNA beyond a stop codon generating a C-terminally extended protein isoform. Here, we demonstrate TCR in mammalian NNAT mRNA, which encodes NNAT, a proteolipid important for neuronal differentiation. This is a programmed event driven by cis-acting RNA sequences present immediately upstream and downstream of the canonical stop codon and is negatively regulated by NONO, an RNA-binding protein known to promote neuronal differentiation. Unlike the canonical isoform NNAT, we determined that the TCR product (NNATx) does not show detectable interaction with the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 2 Ca2+ pump, cannot increase cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, and therefore does not enhance neuronal differentiation in Neuro-2a cells. Additionally, an antisense oligonucleotide that targets a region downstream of the canonical stop codon reduced TCR of NNAT and enhanced the differentiation of Neuro-2a cells to cholinergic neurons. Furthermore, NNATx-deficient Neuro-2a cells, generated using CRISPR-Cas9, showed increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels and enhanced neuronal differentiation. Overall, these results demonstrate regulation of neuronal differentiation by TCR of NNAT. Importantly, this process can be modulated using a synthetic antisense oligonucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Pandit
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Md Noor Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Susinder Sundaram
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sarthak Sahoo
- Undergraduate Program, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lekha E Manjunath
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep M Eswarappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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Choi KM, Ko CY, An SM, Cho SH, Rowland DJ, Kim JH, Fasoli A, Chaudhari AJ, Bers DM, Yoon JC. Regulation of beige adipocyte thermogenesis by the cold-repressed ER protein NNAT. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101679. [PMID: 36708951 PMCID: PMC9932177 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cold stimuli trigger the conversion of white adipose tissue into beige adipose tissue, which is capable of non-shivering thermogenesis. However, what process drives this activation of thermogenesis in beige fat is not well understood. Here, we examine the ER protein NNAT as a regulator of thermogenesis in adipose tissue. METHODS We investigated the regulation of adipose tissue NNAT expression in response to changes in ambient temperature. We also evaluated the functional role of NNAT in thermogenic regulation using Nnat null mice and primary adipocytes that lack or overexpress NNAT. RESULTS Cold exposure or treatment with a β3-adrenergic agonist reduces the expression of adipose tissue NNAT in mice. Genetic disruption of Nnat in mice enhances inguinal adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nnat null mice exhibit improved cold tolerance both in the presence and absence of UCP1. Gain-of-function studies indicate that ectopic expression of Nnat abolishes adrenergic receptor-mediated respiration in beige adipocytes. NNAT physically interacts with the ER Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) in adipocytes and inhibits its activity, impairing Ca2+ transport and heat dissipation. We further demonstrate that NHLRC1, an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase implicated in proteasomal degradation of NNAT, is induced by cold exposure or β3-adrenergic stimulation, thus providing regulatory control at the protein level. This serves to link cold stimuli to NNAT degradation in adipose tissue, which in turn leads to enhanced SERCA activity. CONCLUSIONS Our study implicates NNAT in the regulation of adipocyte thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Christopher Y Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Cho
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Douglas J Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jung Hak Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Anna Fasoli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Abhijit J Chaudhari
- Department of Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95825, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John C Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Deng Y, Lu L, Liang X, Li J, Zhu D, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Liu X, Fu Y. DNA methylation-mediated silencing of Neuronatin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Life Sci 2023; 312:121266. [PMID: 36473542 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the methylation status, function, and underlying mechanism of the imprinted gene Neuronatin (NNAT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. MAIN METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evaluate the expression of NNAT in HCC samples. Bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR (BSP) was applied to examine the methylation status of the NNAT promoter. In addition, colony formation, 5-Ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays and subcutaneous xenograft nude models were used to explore the roles of NNAT in HCC cell proliferation. Furthermore, RNA-seq and phospho-specific protein microarray assays were conducted to illustrate the underlying mechanism by which NNAT regulates HCC progression. KEY FINDINGS NNAT was obviously downregulated in HCC tissues, and its expression level was closely associated with tumor growth and patient prognosis. The downregulation of NNAT in HCC was induced by hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region, and hypermethylation was correlated with overall survival of HCC. Moreover, the enforced expression of NNAT significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome analysis showed that the alteration of NNAT expression was mainly related to dysregulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Finally, phospho-specific antibody microarray detection further revealed that overexpressed NNAT can increase the phosphorylation levels of LKB1, Met, and elF4E and decrease the phosphorylation levels of PTEN, which are all involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Our research provides new insights into the epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes in tumorigenesis and implies that the imprinted gene NNAT may act as a prognostic biomarker and tumor suppressor in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Deng
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liqing Lu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huichao Huang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Infectious Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Wang A, Ma Q, Gong B, Sun L, Afrim FK, Sun R, He T, Huang H, Zhu J, Zhou G, Ba Y. DNA methylation and fluoride exposure in school-age children: Epigenome-wide screening and population-based validation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 223:112612. [PMID: 34371455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fluoride exposure and epigenetic change can induce numerous adverse health outcomes, but the role of epigenetics underneath the harmful health effects induced by fluoride exposure is unclear. In such gap, we evaluated the associations between fluoride exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation, and identified that novel candidate genes associated with fluoride exposure. A total of 931 school-age children (8-12 years) in Tongxu County of Henan Province (China) were recruited in 2017. Urinary fluoride (UF) concentrations were measured using the national standardized ion selective electrode method. Participants were divided into a high fluoride-exposure group (HFG) and control group (CG) according to the UF concentrations. Candidate differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were screened by Infinium-Methylation EPIC BeadChip of DNA samples collected from 16 participants (eight each from each group). Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) containing DMRs associated with skeletal and neuronal development influenced by fluoride exposure were confirmed using MethylTarget™ technology from 100 participants (fifty each from each group). DMGs were verified by quantitative methylation specific PCR from 815 participants. Serum levels of hormones were measured by auto biochemical analyzer. The mediation analysis of methylation in the effect of fluoride exposure on hormone levels was also performed. A total of 237 differentially methylated sites (DMSs) and 212 DMRs were found in different fluoride-exposure groups in the epigenome-wide phase. Methylation of the target sequences of neuronatin (NNAT), calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (CALCA) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 showed significant difference between the HFG and CG. Each 0.06% (95% CI: -0.11%, -0.01%) decreased in NNAT methylation status correlated with each increase of 1.0 mg/L in UF concentration in 815 school-age children using QMSP. Also, each 1.88% (95% CI: 0.04%, 3.72%) increase in CALCA methylation status correlated with each increase of 1.0 mg/L in UF concentration. The mediating effect of NNAT methylation was found in alterations of ACTH levels influenced by fluoride exposure, with a β value of 11.7% (95% CI: 3.4%, 33.4%). In conclusion, long-term fluoride exposure affected the methylation pattern of genomic DNA. NNAT and CALCA as DMGs might be susceptible to fluoride exposure in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Teaching and Research Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Biao Gong
- Department of Endemic Disease, Kaifeng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Endemic Disease, Kaifeng Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, PR China
| | - Francis-Kojo Afrim
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Renjie Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Tongkun He
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; Environment and Health Innovation Team, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
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Liu X, Nie ZW, Gao YY, Chen L, Yin SY, Zhang X, Hao C, Miao YL. Sodium fluoride disturbs DNA methylation of NNAT and declines oocyte quality by impairing glucose transport in porcine oocytes. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:223-233. [PMID: 29285797 DOI: 10.1002/em.22165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is used as a medicine to prevent tooth decay; however, excessive NaF could cause a pathological damage to the health. Recent studies showed that NaF impaired mouse oocyte maturation, included of abnormal spindle configuration, actin cap formation, cortical granule-free domain formation, and the following development after fertilization. However, few studies used large animals as models to study the toxicology of NaF on oocytes maturation. We proposed a hypothesis that NaF would affect the nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of porcine oocytes and DNA methylation pattern of imprinted genes in oocytes. Our results showed that NaF affected cumulus expansion, polar body emission, spindle morphology, cortical granule distribution, early apoptosis, and the following development after parthenogenetic activation during porcine oocyte maturation. Moreover, NaF increased the DNA methylation of NNAT and decreased its expression, which disturbed the glucose transport in oocytes. These results suggest that NaF impairs the porcine oocytes maturation epigenetically, which provides a new toxicological mechanism of NaF on the oocyte maturation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:223-233, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical University, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Nie
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Ying-Ying Gao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Yin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Cuifang Hao
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical University, Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Wang D, Liu Z, Yao H, Hao Y, Zhou L, Du J, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Wang G, Song Y, Li Z. Disruption of NNAT, NAP1L5 and MKRN3 DNA methylation and transcription in rabbit parthenogenetic fetuses. Gene 2017; 626:158-162. [PMID: 28526651 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parthenogenetically activated oocytes cannot develop to term in mammals due to lack of paternal gene expression. Disruption of imprinted gene expression and DNA methylation status in parthenogenetic fetuses has been reported in mice and pigs, but not in rabbits. In this study, the genomic imprinting status of the paternally expressed genes Neuronatin (NNAT), Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 5 (NAP1L5), and Makorin ring finger protein 3 (MKRN3) was compared between rabbit parthenogenetic (PA) and normally fertilized fetuses (Con) using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). The results revealed a significantly reduced expression of NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 in rabbit PA fetuses compared with Con fetuses (p<0.05). In addition, the BSP results demonstrated hypermethylation in the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 in rabbit PA fetuses. Taken together, these results suggest that hypermethylation of DMRs is associated with decreased NNAT, NAP1L5, and MKRN3 expression, which may be responsible for developmental failure of rabbit PA fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haobin Yao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yang Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jian Du
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yixin Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuning Song
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Xu Y, Liu Z, Wang T, Chen X, Deng J, Chen M, Li Z. Identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of neuronatin in mice. Springerplus 2016; 5:2018. [PMID: 27994995 PMCID: PMC5125312 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronatin (NNAT) is a paternal-inherited imprinted gene, first discovered in the rat neonatal brain, where it plays vital roles for neuronal growth, brain development, and metabolic regulation. The maternal imprint of NNAT has been identified in mice; however, the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) involved in the monoallelic expression of NNAT have not yet been investigated. RESULTS In this study, we confirmed expression of two isoforms of the NNAT (α and β) in the mice brain via quantitative RT-PCR. Additionally, the methylation profile of the CpG island located in the NNAT gene locus was determined in the mice liver, brain, sperm, and the MII oocyte via bisulfite sequencing PCR. CONCLUSION In summary, we provide the first evidence for tissue- and gamete-specific methylation patterns of CpG3 that are located on exon 1, to be putative DMR of NNAT in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Xu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Tiedong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Xianju Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Jichao Deng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Mao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333#, Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062 China
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Chen X, Wang T, Lv Q, Wang A, Ouyang H, Li Z. DNA methylation-mediated silencing of neuronatin ( NNAT) in pig parthenogenetic fetuses. Gene 2014; 552:204-8. [PMID: 25240791 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It is generally believed that aberrant expression of imprinted genes participates in growth retardation of mammalian parthenogenesis. Neuronatin (NNAT), a paternally expressed gene, plays important roles in neuronal growth and metabolic regulation. Here we have compared the gene expression and promoter methylation pattern of NNAT between pig normally fertilized (Con) and parthenogenetic (PA) embryos. The results showed loss of NNAT expression (p<0.001) and hypermethylation of NNAT promoter in PA samples. Additionally, partial methylation was observed in Con fetuses, while almost full methylation and unmethylation of NNAT promoter were apparent in Metaphase II (MII) oocytes and mature sperms, respectively, which identified the CpG promoter region as a putative differentially methylated region (DMR) of NNAT. The data demonstrate that promoter hypermethylation is associated with the silencing of NNAT in pig PA fetuses, which may be related to developmental failure of pig parthenogenesis at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianju Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tiedong Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qingyan Lv
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Anfeng Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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