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Qi JY, Xiao W, Wang MY, Zhao DX, Pu W. [Long-term outcomes after cataract surgery in infants with congenital cataract]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2017; 53:266-273. [PMID: 28412799 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the long-term outcomes after congenital cataract surgery performed prior to 36 months of age. Methods: A retrospective case study was conducted. Thirty-two cases (57 eyes) of congenital cataract were included from January 2004 to January 2012. All patients received intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexies and anterior vitrectomy after cataract extraction and were followed up. At the last visit, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was determined and postoperative complications were evaluated during follow-up with a longest time of 13 years. Non-normal distribution showed in median M (minimum and maximum). Data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis single factor variance analysis and multiple comparison. The independent Mann-Witney U test was used to analyze non-normal distribution data. Results: There were thirty-two cases (57 eyes) of congenital cataract including 7 unilateral cases and 25 bilateral cases. The median age at cataract extraction was 6.0months; the median IOL implantation age was 28.0 months and the median duration of follow-up after cataract extraction was 67.0 months. The median postoperative BCVA was (LogMAR) 0.52. Unilateral and bilateral cataract postoperative BCVA difference had no statistical significance (U=107, P>0.05). Patients received cataract surgery in 2 to 4 months, the postoperative BCVA was better than in 5 to 8 months. The difference was statistical significance (H=-15.33, P<0.05). BCVA after IOL implantation before 24 months were significantly better than after 30 months. The difference had statistical significance(H=-20.61,-20.78, P<0.05). Postoperative complications were posterior capsular opacity (5 eyes; 8.77%), glaucoma (2 eyes; 3.51%), strabismus (17 eyes; 29.82%) and nystagmus (30 eyes; 52.63%). Conclusions: Most infantile cataract surgeries performed prior to 36 mouths of life together with the implantation of IOL can achieve good visual acuity. No serious complications occurred. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 266-273).
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Wang X, Bai Y, Cao R, Yang X, Xiao W, Zhang Y, Wu H, Zhao D, Ye P. P635Plasma Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) level is associated with cardiovascular events: Findings from a community-based prospective study and a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Li KY, Liu J, Xiao W, Wu Y, Ren YY, Wei YX. [Characteristics of postviral olfactory disorder]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 51:838-841. [PMID: 27938610 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with olfactory dysfunction after upper respiratory tract infection. Methods: Through clinical specialist examination and imaging examination, 95 cases of patients with olfactory dysfunction after upper respiratory tract infection were confirmed, 58 cases in anosmia group and 37 cases in hyposmia group. All were performed by a subjective olfactometry (Sniffin'Sticks test) and a subjective taste function tests. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Results: In 58 cases of anosmia group, 21 cases of male, 37 cases of female; Twenty-six cases of youth, 23 cases of middle age, 9 cases of old age; Twenty-seven cases occurs in spring, 11 cases in summer, 12 in autumn and 8 in winter. Among 37 cases of hyposmia group, 12 cases of male, 25 cases of female; Eighteen cases of youth, 16 cases of middle age, 3 cases of old age; Fourteen cases occurs in spring, 8 cases in summer, 7 in autumn and 8 in winter. There was no statistically significant difference in gender, age and the onset season between the two groups(χ2=0.142, P>0.05; χ2=1.124, P>0.05; χ2=1.335, P>0.05). In anosmia group, with 4 cases of ageusia, 22 cases of hypogeusia, 32 cases of normal taste; in hyposmia group, with 0 cases of ageusia, 10 cases of hypogeusia, 27 cases of normal taste. There were significant differences between the two groups with different types of taste disorder(Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.210, P<0.05), it was positive correlation. Conclusions: It is suggested that after the upper respiratory tract infection, the olfactory dysfunction is often accompanied by the sense of taste dysfunction, the more severe the damage of olfactory function, the degree of damage to the taste function is also increased. Olfactory impairment degree exhibited no relationship with gender, age or onset seasons.
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Zhang W, Hong R, Xue L, Ou Y, Liu X, Zhao Z, Xiao W, Dong D, Dong L, Fu M, Ma L, Lu N, Chen H, Song Y, Zhan Q. Piccolo mediates EGFR signaling and acts as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:3890-3902. [PMID: 28263981 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo, encoded by PCLO, is frequently mutated and amplified in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but its exact roles in ESCC remain unclear. Here we report that Piccolo expression correlates significantly with clinical stage, patient survival and tumor embolus. Functional studies demonstrate that PCLO knockdown remarkably attenuates ESCC malignancy in vitro and in vivo, and ectopic EGFR expression partially compensates for Piccolo loss. PCLO knockdown promotes ubiquitination and degradation of EGFR, which is associated with the negative regulatory effect of Piccolo on E3 ligase Siah1. An anti-Piccolo monoclonal antibody inhibited tumor proliferation in a mouse model of ESCC. These results demonstrate that Piccolo contributes to tumor aggressiveness in ESCC, likely by stabilizing EGFR and promoting EGFR-dependent signaling. Our results further suggest that Piccolo may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with ESCC.
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Dong J, Li S, Wang Q, Xiao W, Yin SC. [Targeted degradation of epidermal growth factor receptor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by chimeric molecule]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 31:297-300. [PMID: 29871246 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate targeted degradation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by chimeric molecules (EGF-PROTAC) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells and demonstrate the regulative effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of the CNE-2 cells.Method:After the EGF-PROTAC treating CNE-2 cells in vitro, the biological effects of the EGF-PROTAC was detected by western blot, CKK-8 assay, flow cytometry and Transwell migration assay in CNE-2 cells.Result:The expression level of EGFR proteins in the EGF-PROTAC treated group was lower than the control group (P< 0.05); CKK-8 assay results showed that CNE-2 cells survival rate at 3, 6, 9 and 12h decreased greatly than the control group (P< 0.05); Flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis index of the CNE-2 cells in EGF-PROTAC treated group was significantly higher than the control group (P< 0.05); The invasion ability detected that the number of CNE-2 cells in the EGF-PROTAC treated group was significantly lower than the control group (P< 0.05).Conclusion:The chimeric molecule (EGF-PROTAC) can target the degradation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and effectively inhibit the growth of the CNE-2 cells and promote apoptosis in vitro.
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Song H, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Gao H, Tang S, Mi S, Yu F, Meng Q, Xiao W, Zhang Q, Ding X. Genomic prediction for growth and reproduction traits in pig using an admixed reference population. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Liu X, Luo J, Xiao W, Ye X, Chen M, Li Y, Zhang GJ. Notch3 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating Kibra-mediated Hippo/YAP signaling in breast cancer epithelial cells. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e269. [PMID: 27841855 PMCID: PMC5141289 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance are leading causes of death in breast cancer patients. A vital change of epithelial cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is involved in these processes. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms controlling EMT remain to be elucidated. Our previous studies have shown that ectopic N3ICD expression inhibits EMT in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) epithelial cell line. To decipher the mechanism, we performed in-depth studies. Specifically, we found that overexpressing N3ICD transcriptionally upregulated the expression of Kibra, an upstream member of the Hippo pathway. Correspondingly, we also observed that phosphorylated Hippo pathway core kinases, including Lats1/2 and MST1/2, were increased and decreased by overexpressing and knocking down Notch3, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the oncogenic transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP), which is negatively regulated by the Hippo pathway, was inhibited by overexpressing N3ICD in breast cancer epithelial cells. The ability of Kibra to inhibit EMT has been previously reported. We thus speculated that Notch3 inhibition of EMT is mediated by upregulated Kibra. To verify this hypothesis, a rescue experiment was performed. Evidently, the ability of Notch3 to inhibit EMT can be countered by knocking down Kibra expression. These data suggest that Notch3 inhibits EMT by activating the Hippo/YAP pathway by upregulating Kibra in breast cancer epithelial cells, and Kibra may be a downstream effector of Notch3. These findings deepen our understanding of EMT in both development and disease, and will undoubtedly help to provide new therapeutic strategies for interfering with cancer invasion and metastasis, especially for TNBC.
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Miao J, Xiao W, Wang L, Han F, Wu H, Deng X, Guo X, Zhao C. The Value of Prognostic Nutritional Index in Predicting Outcomes and Guiding Treatments for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Treated by Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cheng C, Du F, Yu K, Xu F, Wang F, Li L, Olaleye OE, Yang J, Chen F, Zhong C, Liu Q, Li J, Wang Z, Li C, Xiao W. Pharmacokinetics and Disposition of Circulating Iridoids and Organic Acids in Rats Intravenously Receiving ReDuNing Injection. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1853-1858. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.071647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Li P, Xiao W, Chevallier P, Biswas D, Ottenwaelder X, Fortin MA, Oh JK. Extremely Small Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Stabilized with Catechol-Functionalized Multidentate Block Copolymer for Enhanced MRI. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Luo J, Li M, Xin M, Sun W, Xiao W. Visible Light Induced RAFT Polymerization of 2-Vinylpyridine without Exogenous Initiators or Photocatalysts. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li J, Ye F, Xiao W, Tang X, Sha W, Zhang X, Wang J. Increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels following electroconvulsive therapy or antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 36:23-8. [PMID: 27311104 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many schizophrenia patients experience residual symptoms even after treatment. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often used in medication-resistant schizophrenia patients when pharmacologic interventions have failed; however, the mechanism of action is unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are reduced in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and are increased by antipsychotic treatment. We tested the hypothesis that ECT increases serum BDNF levels by measuring BDNF concentrations in schizophrenia patients before and after they received ECT. METHODS A total of 160 patients with schizophrenia were examined. The ECT group (n=80) was treated with antipsychotics and ECT (eight to 10 sessions administered every other day). The drug therapy group (n=80) received only antipsychotic treatment. A control group (n=77) was recruited that served as the baseline for comparison. RESULTS Baseline serum BDNF level in ECT group was lower than in controls (9.7±2.1 vs. 12.4±3.2ng/ml; P<0.001), but increased after ECT, such that there was no difference between the two groups (11.9±3.3 vs. 12.4±3.2ng/ml; P=0.362). There was no correlation between patients' Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and serum BDNF level before ECT; however, a negative correlation was observed after ECT (total: r=-0.692; P<0.01). From baseline to remission after ECT, serum BDNF level increased (P<0.001) and their PANSS score decreased (P<0.001). Changes in BDNF level (2.21±4.10ng/ml) and PANSS score (28.69±14.96) were positively correlated in the ECT group (r=0.630; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS BDNF level was lower in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls before ECT and medication. BDNF level increased after ECT and medication, and its longitudinal change was associated with changes in patients' psychotic symptoms. These results indicate that BDNF mediates the antipsychotic effects of ECT.
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Pei JP, Jiang LF, Ji XW, Xiao W, Deng XZ, Zhou ZX, Zhu DY, Ding WL, Zhang JH, Wang CJ, Jing K. The relevance of Tim-3 polymorphisms and F protein to the outcomes of HCV infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1377-86. [PMID: 27230511 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the major causes of liver inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3) polymorphisms and the alternate reading frame protein (F protein) with the outcomes of HCV infection. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs10053538, rs12186731, and rs13170556) of Tim-3 were genotyped in this study, which included 203 healthy controls, 558 hepatitis C anti-F-positive patients, and 163 hepatitis C anti-F-negative patients. The results revealed that the rs12186731 CT and rs13170556 TC and CC genotypes were significantly less frequent in the anti-F-positive patients [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.35-0.83, p = 0.005; OR = 0.26, 95 % CI = 0.18-0.39, p < 0.001; and OR = 0.19, 95 % CI = 0.10-0.35, p < 0.001, respectively), and the rs13170556 TC genotype was more frequent in the chronic HCV (CHC) patients (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI = 1.20-2.40, p = 0.002). The combined analysis of the rs12186731 CT and rs13170556 TC/CC genotypes revealed a locus-dosage protective effect in the anti-F-positive patients (OR = 0.22, 95 % CI = 0.14-0.33, p trend < 0.001). Stratified analyses revealed that the frequencies of the rs12186731 (CT + TT) genotypes were significantly lower in the older (OR = 0.31, 95 % CI = 0.15-0.65, p = 0.002) and female (OR = 0.30, 95 % CI = 0.17-0.52, p < 0.001) subgroups, and rs13170556 (TC + CC) genotypes exhibited the same effect in all subgroups (all p < 0.001) in the anti-F antibody generations. Moreover, the rs13170556 (TC + CC) genotypes were significantly more frequent in the younger (OR = 1.86, 95 % CI = 1.18-2.94, p = 0.007) and female (OR = 2.38, 95 % CI = 1.48-3.83, p < 0.001) subgroups of CHC patients. These findings suggest that the rs12186731 CT and rs13170556 TC/CC genotypes of Tim-3 provide potential protective effects with the F protein in the outcomes of HCV infection and that these effects are related to sex and age.
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Wang Q, Dong B, Firrman J, Wu W, Roberts S, Moore AR, Liu LS, Chin MPS, Diao Y, Kost J, Xiao W. Evaluation of the biological differences of canine and human factor VIII in gene delivery: implications in human hemophilia treatment. Gene Ther 2016; 23:597-605. [PMID: 27064790 PMCID: PMC4936945 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The canine is the most important large animal model for testing novel hemophilia A (HA) treatment. It is often necessary to use canine factor VIII (cFIII) gene or protein for the evaluation of HA treatment in the canine model. However, different biological properties between cFVIII and human FVIII (hFVIII) indicated that the development of novel HA treatment may require careful characterization of non-human FVIII. To investigate whether the data obtained using cFVIII can translate to HA treatment in human, we analyzed the differential biological properties of canine heavy chain (cHC) and light chain (cLC) by comparing with human heavy chain (hHC) and light chain (hLC). The secretion of cHC was 5-30-fold higher than hHC, with or without light chains (LCs). cHC+hLC group exhibited ~18-fold increase in coagulation activity compared with hHC+hLC delivery by recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors. Unlike hHC, the secretion of cHC was independent of LCs. cLC improves the specific activity of FVIII by two- to threefold compared with hLC. Moreover, the cLC, but not cHC, contributes to the higher stability of cFVIII. Our results suggested that the cFVIII expression results in the canine model should be interpreted with caution as the cHC secreted more efficiently than hHC and cLC exhibited a more active and stable phenotype than hLC.
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Ding S, Duan H, Fang F, Shen H, Xiao W. CTGF promotes articular damage by increased proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 2016; 45:282-7. [PMID: 27044368 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2015.1092581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are a major component of the hyperplastic synovial pannus, which aggressively invades cartilage and bone during the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF or CCN2) is a product of a growth factor-inducible immediate early gene and is involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. However, the role that CTGF plays in FLS proliferation has remained undetermined. The aim of this study was to identify the role of CTGF in regulating the proliferation of FLS derived from patients with RA. METHOD CTGF levels in serum and synovial fluid (SF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of CTGF in FLS was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). FLS proliferation stimulated by CTGF was measured by thymidine incorporation. The influence of CTGF small interfering RNA (siRNA) on FLS apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS CTGF was overexpressed in serum and SF samples from RA patients compared with samples from normal controls. Elevated levels of CTGF in RA SF promoted the proliferation of FLS. Furthermore, in samples from RA patients, CTGF was found to protect FLS from apoptosis and to sustain the expression of survivin in FLS. The expression of CTGF in FLS can be up-regulated by tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that CTGF plays a crucial role in the proliferation of FLS in RA and probably contributes to synovial lining cell hyperplasia and eventually to joint destruction in patients with RA.
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Wu Y, Dong G, Xiao W, Xiao E, Miao F, Syverson A, Missaghian N, Vafa R, Cabrera-Ortega AA, Rossa C, Graves DT. Effect of Aging on Periodontal Inflammation, Microbial Colonization, and Disease Susceptibility. J Dent Res 2016; 95:460-6. [PMID: 26762510 PMCID: PMC4802783 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515625962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by a biofilm that forms on the tooth surface. Increased periodontal disease is associated with aging. We investigated the effect of aging on challenge by oral pathogens, examining the host response, colonization, and osteoclast numbers in aged versus young mice. We also compared the results with mice with lineage-specific deletion of the transcription factor FOXO1, which reduces dendritic cell (DC) function. Periodontitis was induced by oral inoculation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in young (4 to 5 mo) and aged (14 to 15 mo) mice. Aged mice as well as mice with reduced DC function had decreased numbers of DCs in lymph nodes, indicative of a diminished host response. In vitro studies suggest that reduced DC numbers in lymph nodes of aged mice may involve the effect of advanced glycation end products on DC migration. Surprisingly, aged mice but not mice with genetically altered DC function had greater production of antibody to P. gingivalis, greater IL-12 expression, and more plasma cells in lymph nodes following oral inoculation as compared with young mice. The greater adaptive immune response in aged versus young mice was linked to enhanced levels of P. gingivalis and reduced bacterial diversity. Thus, reduced bacterial diversity in aged mice may contribute to increased P. gingivalis colonization following inoculation and increased periodontal disease susceptibility, reflected by higher TNF levels and osteoclast numbers in the periodontium of aged versus young mice.
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Pang H, Shi A, Li M, Xue W, Li Y, Cao G, Yan B, Dong F, Xiao W, He G, Du G, Hu X, Cheng G. Simultaneous Determination of Baicalein and Baicalin in Human Plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph-Tandem Spectrometry and its Application in a Food-Effect Pharmacokinetic Study. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2016; 66:394-401. [PMID: 27022718 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jia B, Xiao W, Wang TL. [Expression and mechanism of nitric oxide synthase in cerebral hyperperfusion rats]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:468-71. [PMID: 26875926 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and mechanism of different nitric oxide synthase in cerebral hyperperfusion rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were anesthetized and a ventral midline incision was made. The bilateral common carotid arteries were gently separated. Each artery was ligated with a 5-0 silk suture. Sham groups underwent the same operation without occlusion two weeks later, the ligature was loosened under a microscope to induce reperfusion. Phenylephrine was administered at concentration of 50 μg/ml via tail vein.After hyperperfusion, the expression of iNOS and eNOS in hippocampus , cortex and common carotid arteries of rats brain was observed by using Western blot of each group. RESULTS The expression of iNOS in differernt sites were increased significantly after reperfusion of 24 hours. The ratio of iNOS and β-actin in hippocampus in sham, BCAO, HP, HP 24 and HP 48 groups were 21.10±2.53, 24.37±2.30, 28.34±2.86, 43.76±2.58, 38.90±3.17, respectively. There was significant difference between HP 24 and other groups (F=13.03, all P<0.05). The ratio of iNOS and β-actin in cortex in each group were 12.98±2.31, 15.00±1.66, 14.71±1.48, 34.76±5.01, 32.60±5.73, respectively (F=8.42, all P<0.05). The ratio of iNOS and β-actin in common carotid arteries in each group were 7.30±2.55, 8.83±1.45, 4.76±0.71, 28.00±2.21, 26.29±3.33 (F=24.82, all P<0.05). While the levels of eNOS in that three sites presented no significant change(all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hyperperfusion can induce iNOS ecpression in quantities in hippocamps, cortex and common carotid arteries. These levesl would last until 48 hours after reperfusion. This process suggests that iNOS is the possible mechanism of hyperperfusion.
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Xie J, Zhao D, Zhao L, Pei J, Xiao W, Ding G, Wang Z, Xu J. Characterization of a novel arabinose-tolerant α
-l-
arabinofuranosidase with high ginsenoside Rc to ginsenoside Rd bioconversion productivity. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:647-60. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xiao W, Wang JN, Wang JW, Huang GJ, Cheng L, Jiang LJ, Wang LG. Structural and electronic properties of the heterointerfaces for Cu2ZnSnS4 photovoltaic cells: a density-functional theory study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12029-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00817h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density-functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the CdS/CZTS heterointerfaces in CZTS-based cells.
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Rohr J, Guo S, Huo J, Bouska A, Lachel C, Li Y, Simone PD, Zhang W, Gong Q, Wang C, Cannon A, Heavican T, Mottok A, Hung S, Rosenwald A, Gascoyne R, Fu K, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Vose JM, Staudt LM, Xiao W, Borgstahl GEO, Davis S, Steidl C, McKeithan T, Iqbal J, Chan WC. Recurrent activating mutations of CD28 in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Leukemia 2015; 30:1062-70. [PMID: 26719098 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of mature T-cell neoplasms with a poor prognosis. Recently, mutations in TET2 and other epigenetic modifiers as well as RHOA have been identified in these diseases, particularly in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). CD28 is the major co-stimulatory receptor in T cells which, upon binding ligand, induces sustained T-cell proliferation and cytokine production when combined with T-cell receptor stimulation. We have identified recurrent mutations in CD28 in PTCLs. Two residues-D124 and T195-were recurrently mutated in 11.3% of cases of AITL and in one case of PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Surface plasmon resonance analysis of mutations at these residues with predicted differential partner interactions showed increased affinity for ligand CD86 (residue D124) and increased affinity for intracellular adaptor proteins GRB2 and GADS/GRAP2 (residue T195). Molecular modeling studies on each of these mutations suggested how these mutants result in increased affinities. We found increased transcription of the CD28-responsive genes CD226 and TNFA in cells expressing the T195P mutant in response to CD3 and CD86 co-stimulation and increased downstream activation of NF-κB by both D124V and T195P mutants, suggesting a potential therapeutic target in CD28-mutated PTCLs.
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Sun P, Su N, Lin FZ, Ma L, Wang HJ, Rong X, Dai YD, Li J, Jian ZW, Tang LH, Xiao W, Li CQ. Prevalence of hepatitis A viral RNA and antibodies among Chinese blood donors. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:16431-7. [PMID: 26662440 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.9.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Like other developing countries, China was reported to have a relatively high seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A antibodies (anti-HAV). However, no studies have evaluated the prevalence of anti-HAV and HAV RNA among voluntary blood donors with or without elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. Anti-HAV antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was carried out for detection of HAV RNA. In the current study, we analyzed a total of 450 serum samples with elevated ALT levels (≥40 U/L) and 278 serum samples with non-elevated ALT levels. Seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV were 51.6% in donors with elevated ALT and 41.4% in donors with non-elevated ALT; however, none of the samples was positive for HAV RNA. The results of our study showed lower seroprevalence rates of anti-HAV in blood donors (irrespective of ALT levels) than those in published data on Chinese populations. Although donors with elevated ALT had statistically higher prevalence rates of anti- HAV than did those with non-elevated ALT, none of the serum samples had detectable levels of the active virus. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the transmission of hepatitis A by blood transfusion will occur rarely.
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73
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Yang H, Zhou T, Wang H, Liu T, Ueda K, Zhan R, Zhao L, Tong Y, Tian X, Zhang T, Jin Y, Han X, Li Z, Zhao Y, Guo X, Xiao W, Fan D, Liu G, Chui D. Lipoprotein lipase deficiency leads to α-synuclein aggregation and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 reduction. Neuroscience 2015; 290:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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74
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Zhu DY, Jiang LF, Deng XZ, Xiao W, Pei JP, Li BJ, Wang CJ, Zhang JH, Zhang Q, Zhou ZX, Ding WL, Xu XD, Yue M. TBX21 polymorphisms are associated with virus persistence in hepatitis C virus infection patients from a high-risk Chinese population. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1309-18. [PMID: 25759111 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease and the varied outcomes of the infection depend on both viral and host factors. We have demonstrated that the HCV alternate reading frame protein (F protein) is related to Th1/Th2 bias which is involved in virus persistence in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that genetic variants of TBX21 (T cell specific T-box transcription factor) were associated with the outcomes of HCV infection and F protein generation. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs17250932, rs2074190, rs4794067) in the TBX21 gene were genotyped in a case-control study in a cohort of a high-risk group, including 354 healthy controls and 747 CHC patients (190 anti-F protein antibody seronegative patients and 557 anti-F protein antibody seropositive patients). Results showed that the rs4794067 C allele in the TBX21 promoter was significantly more common in CHC patients (OR = 1.335, 95% CI = 1.058-1.684, P = 0.015), exceptionally in anti-F protein seropositive patients (OR = 1.547, 95% CI = 1.140-2.101, P = 0.005), compared with healthy controls. And the risk effect was also significantly high in patients with HCV 1b genotype and mild fibrosis (P = 0.021, P = 0.010, respectively). Compared with the most frequent haplotype TAT, haplotype analysis showed that the distribution of TAC was significantly different between the chronic HCV carrier group and the healthy group, and so was the anti-F antibody seronegativity group and the anti-F antibody seronegativity group (all P < 0.001). Our results suggested that TBX21 variants may be involved in the etiology of this disease.
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Rosenholm JM, Korpi RM, Lammentausta E, Lehtonen S, Lehenkari P, Niemi R, Xiao W, Zhang J, Lindberg D, Gu H, Sahlgren C, Blanco Sequeiros R. Novel, fast-processed crystalline and amorphous manganese oxide nanoparticles for stem cell labeling. Inorg Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00033e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MnO(x) nanostructures were developed to be utilized as contrast agents for cellular labeling and tracking by MR-imaging.
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76
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Xiao W, Jin O, Han S, Nie R, Zhu L, Gao X, Li L. Correlations of leukemia inhibitory factor and macrophage migration inhibitory factor with endometrial carcinoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2015; 36:146-149. [PMID: 26050351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlations of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with endometrial carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 113 endometrial specimens from the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, collected from May 2006 to October 2008, classified into normal endometrium, simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma. The LIF and MIF expression of all 113 specimens was detected with immunohistochemistrical (IHC) method. RESULTS The MIF expression in hyperplastic endometrium and endometrial carcinoma increased significantly as compared with that in normal endometrium (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), and its expression in endometrial carcinoma was also remarkably higher than that in hyperplastic endometrium (p < 0.001). The expressions of LIF in atypical hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma were also significantly higher than that in the normal endometrium (p < 0.05), but it is not obviously higher in simple hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia than in the normal endometrium (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of LIF showed no statistical difference between hyperplastic endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. CONCLUSION It could be speculated that MIF may be correlated with the occurrence of endometrial carcinoma. However, whether LIF also has a correlation with the occurrence of endometrial carcinoma still cannot be presumed.
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Xiao W, Liu X, Hong X, Yang Y, Lv Y, Fang J, Ding J. Magnetic-field-assisted synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles via thermal decomposition and their hyperthermia properties. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00442j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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78
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Lv Y, Yang Y, Fang J, Zhang H, Peng E, Liu X, Xiao W, Ding J. Size dependent magnetic hyperthermia of octahedral Fe3O4 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12558h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Octahedral Fe3O4 nanoparticles show a wide size range for high SAR values to be used as an excellent thermal seed for magnetic hyperthermia cancer treatment.
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Xiao W, Zeng R, Cheng L, Wang JW, Jiang LJ, Wang LG. Tunable catalytic reactivity of small palladium clusters supported on graphene: a first-principles study. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11352k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic reactivity is controlled by the binding strength between the catalyst surface and reaction intermediates.
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80
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Chen X, Xiao W, Liu X, Zeng M, Luo L, Wu M, Ye S, Liu Y. Blockade of Jagged/Notch pathway abrogates transforming growth factor β2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human retinal pigment epithelium cells. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:523-34. [PMID: 24694299 DOI: 10.2174/1566524014666140331230411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells plays a key role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which lead to the loss of vision. The Jagged/Notch pathway has been reported to be essential in EMT during embryonic development, fibrotic diseases and cancer metastasis. However, the function of Jagged/Notch signaling in EMT of RPE cells is unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that a crosstalk between Notch and transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) signaling could induce EMT in RPE cells, which subsequently contributes to PVR and PDR. Here, we demonstrate that Jagged-1/Notch pathway is involved in the TGF-β2-mediated EMT of human RPE cells. Blockade of Notch pathway with DAPT (a specific inhibitor of Notch receptor cleavage) and knockdown of Jagged-1 expression inhibited TGF-β2-induced EMT through regulating the expression of Snail, Slug and ZEB1. Besides the canonical Smad signaling pathway, the noncanonical PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathway also contributed to TGF-β2-induced up-regulation of Jagged-1 in RPE cells. Overexpression of Jagged-1 could mimic TGF-β2 induce EMT. Our data suggest that the Jagged-1/Notch signaling pathway plays a critical role in TGF-β2-induced EMT in human RPE cells, and may contribute to the development of PVR and PDR. Inhibition of the Jagged/Notch signaling pathway, therefore, may have therapeutic value in the prevention and treatment of PVR and PDR.
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Han X, Pang Y, Liu S, Tan Z, Tang S, Zhou C, Wang M, Xiao W. Antidiarrhea and antioxidant activities of Honokiol extract from Magnoliae officinalis cortex in mice. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i10.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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82
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Chui DH, Marcellino M, Marotta F, Sweed H, Solimene U, Vignali AI, Xiao W, Ayala A, Cagnuolo U, Zerbinati N. A double-blind, rct testing beneficial modulation of BDNF in middle-aged, life style-stressed subjects: a clue to brain protection? J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:MC01-6. [PMID: 25584253 PMCID: PMC4290272 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/10301.5141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this prospective study was to see whether LD-1227, a quality-controlled marine nutraceuticals shown to protect experimental stress-induced hyppocampal degeneration, could beneficially modulate BDNF, as measured in the serum, in otherwise healthy but work-stressed individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight men and women between the ages of 38 and 62 reporting high-demanding work activity but with an overall positive attitude towards their personal life were recruited. Subjects were divided in two group (24 patients each) and blindly supplemented for 2 month with: a) LD-1227 400mg or b) placebo. A third group of healthy non-stressed subjects was used as well. Blood samples were taken before and after the supplementation period. Unstimulated saliva was collected and tested for amylase while serum levels were used to measure BDNF. State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and psychological well-being assessment (PSWB) were measured too. Patients with Val66Met functional polymorphism of BDNF excluded those given their reported association with an impaired release of BDNF. RESULTS RESULTS showed that, as compared to healthy, non-stressed individuals, stressed ones has a trend decrease of BDNF and this was significantly increased by LD 12-1227 supplementation and the same inverse phenomenon occurred to salivary amylase (p<0.05). No change was noted in the PSQI score but, either STAI or PSWB tests scored better in LD-1227 supplemented subjects. CONCLUSION The present data suggest that LD-1227 is beneficially affecting neuromodulation and related symptoms during common stressful life conditions and may have the potential as tools in a neuroprotective clinical strategy.
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Xue WH, Xiao W, Shang J, Chen XX, Zhu XJ, Pan L, Tan HW, Zhang WB, Ji ZH, Liu G, Xu XH, Ding J, Li RW. Intrinsic and interfacial effect of electrode metals on the resistive switching behaviors of zinc oxide films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:425204. [PMID: 25274278 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/42/425204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the role of electrode metals on the resistive switching properties of metal electrode/oxide/metal electrode sandwiched structures provides not only essential information to understand the underlying switching mechanism of the devices, but also useful guidelines for the optimization of the switching performance. A systematic study has been performed to investigate the influence of electrodes on the resistive switching characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) films in this contribution, in terms of both the intrinsic and interfacial effects. It has been found that the low-resistance state resistances (Ω(LRS)) of all the investigated devices are below 50 Ω, which can be attributed to the formation of highly conductive channels throughout the ZnO films. On the other hand, the high-resistance state resistances (Ω(HRS)) depend on the electronegativity and ionic size of the employed electrode metals. Devices with electrode metals of high electronegativity and large ionic size possess high Ω(HRS) values, while those with electrode metals of low electronegativity and small ionic size carry low Ω(HRS) values. A similar trend of the set voltages has also been observed, while the reset voltages are all distributed in a narrow range close to ±0.5 V. Moreover, the forming voltages of the switching devices strongly depend on the roughness of the metal/ZnO and/or ZnO/metal interface. The present work provides essential information for better understanding the switching mechanism of zinc oxide based devices, and benefits the rational selection of proper electrode metals for the device performance optimization.
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Dielschneider RF, Xiao W, Yoon JY, Noh E, Banerji V, Li H, Marshall AJ, Johnston JB, Gibson SB. Gefitinib targets ZAP-70-expressing chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and inhibits B-cell receptor signaling. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1439. [PMID: 25275600 PMCID: PMC4649506 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can be divided into groups based on biomarkers of poor prognosis. The expression of the tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 (member of the Syk tyrosine kinase family) in CLL cells is associated with shorter overall survival in CLL patients. Currently, there is a lack of targeted therapies for patients with ZAP-70 expression in CLL cells. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib has been shown to be effective at induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia through inhibition of Syk. In this study, we sought to test the efficacy of gefitinib in primary human ZAP-70+ CLL cells. We demonstrate that gefitinib preferentially induces cell death in ZAP-70-expressing CLL cells with a median IC50 of 4.5 μM. In addition, gefitinib decreases the viability of ZAP-70+ Jurkat T leukemia cells but fails to affect T cells from CLL patients. Western blot analysis shows gefitinib reduces both basal and B-cell receptor (BCR)-stimulated phosphorylation of Syk/ZAP-70, ERK, and Akt in ZAP-70+ CLL cells. Moreover, gefitinib inhibits the pro-survival response from BCR stimulation and decreases pro-survival proteins such as Mcl-1. Finally, ZAP-70 expression sensitizes Raji cells to gefitinib treatment. These results demonstrate that gefitinib specifically targets ZAP-70+ CLL cells and inhibits the BCR cell survival pathway leading to apoptosis. This represents the likelihood of tyrosine kinase inhibitors being effective targeted treatments for ZAP-70+ CLL cells.
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Xiao W, YanQing C, Fei H, LiXia L, Chong Z. Delineation of the Clinical Target Volume in Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated With Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: Long-Term Follow-Up of a Phase 2 Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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86
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Lee K, Xiao W, Fu G, Quinn P, Sun YH, Xiao N, Wang Q, Chan G, Pascalis O, Damon F. The eye-size illusion: Psychophysical characteristics, generality, relation to holistic processing, and a role for visual experience. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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87
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Ryu SY, Payne SH, Schaab C, Xiao W. Beyond the proteome: Mass Spectrometry Special Interest Group (MS-SIG) at ISMB/ECCB 2013. Bioinformatics 2014; 30:2089-90. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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88
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Xiao W, Zhang X, Geng WT, Lu G. Helium bubble nucleation and growth in α-Fe: insights from first-principles simulations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:255401. [PMID: 24871542 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/25/255401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out a first-principles study on the nucleation and early-stage growth of He bubbles in Fe. The energetics, atomic and electronic structure of He-vacancy complexes, involving both a monovacancy and a nine-vacancy cluster, are examined. Based on the energetics, we then perform thermodynamics analysis to gain deeper insights into He bubble nucleation and growth. We have determined the energy cost for the nucleation of He bubbles and found that up to eight He atoms can be trapped at a single vacancy. In order to capture more He atoms, the vacancy has to emit Frenkel pairs to release the substantial stress building on the surrounding Fe lattice. Compared to the monovacancy, the nine-vacancy cluster has a lower energy cost for He bubble nucleation and growth. He atoms at the vacancy repel the surrounding electronic charge and redistribute it on the neighboring Fe atoms. The thermodynamic analysis reveals that He chemical potential provides a driving force for He bubble nucleation and growth. There are two critical He chemical potentials that are of particular importance: one of them marks the transition from single He occupation to multiple He occupation at a monovacancy while the other sets off He-induced superabundant vacancy formation.
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Shi Y, Liu L, Pang H, Zhou H, Zhang G, Ou Y, Zhang X, Du J, Xiao W. Facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots within hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s and their application in bio-imaging. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:115. [PMID: 24624925 PMCID: PMC4007777 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy for facile preparation of highly luminescent CdTe quantum dots (QDs) within amine-terminated hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)s (HPAMAM) was proposed in this paper. CdTe precursors were first prepared by adding NaHTe to aqueous Cd2+ chelated by 3-mercaptopropionic sodium (MPA-Na), and then HPAMAM was introduced to stabilize the CdTe precursors. After microwave irradiation, highly fluorescent and stable CdTe QDs stabilized by MPA-Na and HPAMAM were obtained. The CdTe QDs showed a high quantum yield (QY) up to 58%. By preparing CdTe QDs within HPAMAM, the biocompatibility properties of HPAMAM and the optical, electrical properties of CdTe QDs can be combined, endowing the CdTe QDs with biocompatibility. The resulting CdTe QDs can be directly used in biomedical fields, and their potential application in bio-imaging was investigated.
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Huang J, Li X, Li M, Li J, Xiao W, Ma W, Chen X, Liang X, Tang S, Luo Y. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide SS31 protects the retinas of diabetic rats. Curr Mol Med 2014; 13:935-45. [PMID: 23745582 DOI: 10.2174/15665240113139990049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the main contributors in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of SS31 which is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide on the retinas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Two weeks after induction of diabetes, SS31 (3 mg/kg) or the same volume of normal saline (N.S) was injected subcutaneously into the back of diabetic rats every day. Four months later, the integrity of inner blood retinal barrier (iBRB) was measured by Evans blue perfusion. The expression and distribution of claudin-5, occludin, acrolein, 8-OHdG and nitrotyrosine in the rat retinas were detected by immunofluorescent staining. Retinal ultrastructures were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The protein level of VEGFR2, Trx-2, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, p53, and NF-κB in the rat retinas were assayed by western blot. Four months after subcutaneous injection, the diabetic rats treated with SS31 had better structures of retinal ganglion cells, thinner capillary basement membrane, less iBRB leakage, more uniform staining of claudin-5 and occludin in the retinal vessels, lower levels of acrolein, 8-OHdG, nitrotyrosine, Bax, caspase-3, p53, and NF-κB, and higher levels of Trx-2 and Bcl-2 in the retinas than those treated with N.S. In conclusion, SS31 could protect the retinal structures and inhibit the breakdown of iBRB by reducing oxidative damage, increasing Trx-2 and Bcl-2 expression, and decreasing p53, NF-κB, Bax, caspase-3, and VEGFR2 expression in the retinas of diabetic rats. SS31 could be a potential new treatment for diabetic retinopathy and other oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Wang M, Hao FY, Wang JG, Xiao W. Group IIa secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2IIa) and progression in patients with lung cancer. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2014; 18:2648-2654. [PMID: 25317799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Group IIa secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2 IIa) plays a role in the malignant potential of several epithelial cancers. It is overexpressed in many cancer specimens and its elevated levels are correlated with high tumor grade and metastasis. Here, we evaluate the clinical significance of sPLA2 IIa in lung adenocarcinoma and the role of sPLA2 IIa in the process of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate sPLA2 IIa in surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma of 180 patients and its correlation with survival. We overexpressed sPLA2 IIa in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line with very low sPLA2 IIa levels and investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of sPLA2 IIa expression. RESULTS High expression of sPLA2 IIa in lung cancer tissue was significantly associated with clinical stage, metastasis, postoperative relapse and shorter patient survival. The overexpression of sPLA2 IIa enhanced xenograft tumor growth and invasion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS sPLA2 IIa expression can predict the clinical outcome of lung adenocarcinoma patients. sPLA2 IIa is a novel invasion-promoting gene in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Xiao W, Li CQ, Xiao XP, Lin FZ. Expression and fast preparation of biologically active recombinant human coagulation factor VII in CHO-K1 cells. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:6813-24. [PMID: 24391029 DOI: 10.4238/2013.december.16.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human coagulation factor VII (FVII) plays an important role in the blood coagulation process and exists in micro amounts in human plasma; therefore, any attempt at the large-scale production of FVII in significant quantities is challenging. The purpose of this study was to express and obtain biologically active recombinant FVII (rFVII) from Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The full-length FVII cDNA was isolated from a HepG2 cell line and then subcloned in pcDNA3.1 to construct an expression vector, pcDNA-FVII. CHO-K1 cells were transfected with 1 µg pcDNA-FVII. The cell line that stably expressed secretory FVII was screened using 900 µg/mL G418. The FVII copy number in CHO-K1 cells was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The rFVII was purified in ligand affinity chromatography medium. The purified protein was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot analysis. The biological activity of the purified FVII protein was determined by a prothrombin time assay. Three cell lines that permanently expressed rFVII were screened. The qPCR results demonstrated that each CHO-K1 cell harbored two FVII DNA copies. The SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis showed that the purified protein was about 50 kDa. The purity of the target protein was 95%. The prothrombin time assay indicated that the FVII-specific activity of rFVII was 2573 ± 75 IU/mg. This method enabled the fast preparation of high-purity rFVII from CHO-K1 cells, and the purified protein had good biological activity.
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Wang LH, Li Y, Yang SN, Wang FY, Hou Y, Cui W, Chen K, Cao Q, Wang S, Zhang TY, Wang ZZ, Xiao W, Yang JY, Wu CF. Gambogic acid synergistically potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer through suppressing NF-κB and MAPK/HO-1 signalling. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:341-52. [PMID: 24300974 PMCID: PMC3899775 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gambogic acid (GA) has been reported to have potent anticancer activity and is authorised to be tested in phase II clinical trials for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study aims to investigate whether GA would be synergistic with cisplatin (CDDP) against the NSCLC. Methods: 1-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan (MTT), combination index (CI) isobologram, western blot, quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, xenograft tumour models and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling analysis were used in this study. Results: The cell viability results showed that sequential CDDP-GA treatment resulted in a strong synergistic action in A549, NCI-H460, and NCI-H1299 cell lines, whereas the reverse sequence and simultaneous treatments led to a slight synergistic or additive action. Increased sub-G1 phase cells and enhanced PARP cleavage demonstrated that the sequence of CDDP-GA treatment markedly increased apoptosis in comparison with other treatments. Furthermore, the sequential combination could enhance the activation of caspase-3, -8, and 9, increase the expression of Fas and Bax, and decrease the expression of Bcl-2, survivin and X-inhibitor of apoptosis protein (X-IAP) in A549 and NCI-H460 cell lines. In addition, increased apoptosis was correlated with enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. Importantly, it was found that, followed by CDDP treatment, GA could inhibit NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signalling pathways, which have been validated to reduce ROS release and confer CDDP resistance. The roles of NF-κB and MAPK pathways were further confirmed by using specific inhibitors, which significantly increased ROS release and apoptosis induced by the sequential combination of CDDP and GA. Moreover, our results indicated that the combination of CDDP and GA exerted increased antitumour effects on A549 xenograft models through inhibiting NF-κB, HO-1, and subsequently inducing apoptosis. Conclusion: Gambogic acid sensitises lung cancer cells to CDDP in vitro and in vivo in NSCLC through inactivation of NF-κB and MAPK/HO-1 signalling pathways, providing a rationale for the combined use of CDDP and GA in lung cancer chemotherapy.
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Chen X, Xiao W, Chen W, Luo L, Ye S, Liu Y. The epigenetic modifier trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, suppresses proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e884. [PMID: 24157878 PMCID: PMC3920942 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelium cells (LECs) may contribute to anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) and posterior capsule opacification (PCO), which are important causes of visual impairment. Histone deacetylases (HDACs)-mediated epigenetic mechanism has a central role in controlling cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation and differentiation in a variety of cells and the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, whether HDACs are involved in the regulation of proliferation and EMT in LECs remain unknown. In this study, we evaluated the expression profile of HDAC family (18 genes) and found that class I and II HDACs were upregulated in transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2)-induced EMT in human LEC lines SRA01/04 and HLEB3. Tricostatin A (TSA), a class I and II HDAC inhibitor, suppressed the proliferation of LECs by G1 phase cell cycle arrest not only through inhibition of cyclin/CDK complexes and induction of p21 and p27, but also inactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt, p38MAPK and ERK1/2 pathways. Meanwhile, TSA strongly prevented TGFβ2-induced upregulation of fibronectin, collagen type I, collagen type IV, N-cadherin, Snail and Slug. We also demonstrated that the underlying mechanism of TSA affects EMT in LECs through inhibiting the canonical TGFβ/Smad2 and the Jagged/Notch signaling pathways. Finally, we found that TSA completely prevented TGFβ2-induced ASC in the whole lens culture semi-in vivo model. Therefore, this study may provide a new insight into the pathogenesis of ASC and PCO, and suggests that epigenetic treatment with HDAC inhibitors may be a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of ASC, PCO and other fibrotic diseases.
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95
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Peng P, Gu H, Xiao W, Si LF, Wang JF, Wang SK, Zhai RY, Wei YX. A voxel-based morphometry study of anosmic patients. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20130207. [PMID: 24133057 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to compare volume change in grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in a group of subjects with anosmia and a healthy control group. We tried to find a regular pattern of atrophy within and between GM and WM and to determine whether any particular areas are more sensitive to olfactory injury. METHODS There were 19 anosmic patients and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. We acquired MR images on a 3-T scanner and performed voxel-based morphometry using the VBM8 toolbox and SPM8 in a MATLAB® (MathWorks®, Natick, MA) environment. RESULTS Patients with anosmia showed a significant decrease in GM volume, mainly in the anterior cingulate cortex, middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, anterior insular cortex and cerebellum. In addition, we observed volume decreases in smaller areas such as the piriform cortex, the inferior temporal gyrus, the precuneus and the subcallosal gyrus. All WM areas with atrophy were near those GM areas that experienced volume loss. There was more volume atrophy in GM areas corresponding to WM areas with more volume loss. Atrophy increased with disease duration. CONCLUSION There is simultaneous atrophy in GM and WM, and the degree of atrophy is greater with longer disease duration. Different GM and WM areas have different sensitivities to olfactory injury. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This study examines the atrophy pattern in and between GM and WM-a subject that has not been widely researched previously.
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Suby N, Xiao K, Yi Y, Xiao W, Tiglao L, Lam K. Tumor-specific targeting with novel LXY-30 peptide-linked nanoparticles for paclitaxel delivery in ovarian cancer mouse xenograft model. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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97
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Xiao W, Tormey CA, Capetillo A, Maitta RW. Allergic transfusion reactions to platelets are more commonly associated with prepooled than apheresis components. Vox Sang 2013; 105:334-40. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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98
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Ai J, Pascal LE, O'Malley KJ, Dar JA, Isharwal S, Qiao Z, Ren B, Rigatti LH, Dhir R, Xiao W, Nelson JB, Wang Z. Concomitant loss of EAF2/U19 and Pten synergistically promotes prostate carcinogenesis in the mouse model. Oncogene 2013; 33:2286-94. [PMID: 23708662 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple genetic alterations are associated with prostate carcinogenesis. Tumor-suppressor genes phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (Pten) and androgen upregulated gene 19 (U19), which encodes ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), are frequently inactivated or downregulated in advanced prostate cancers. Previous studies showed that EAF2 knockout caused tumors in multiple organs and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in mice. However, EAF2-knockout mice did not develop prostate cancer even at 2 years of age. To further define the roles of EAF2 in prostate carcinogenesis, we crossed the Pten+/- and EAF2+/- mice in the C57/BL6 background to generate EAF2-/-Pten+/-, Pten+/-, EAF2-/- and wild-type mice. The prostates from virgin male mice with the above four genotypes were analyzed at 7 weeks, 19 weeks and 12 months of age. Concomitant loss of EAF2 function and inactivation of one Pten allele induced spontaneous prostate cancer in 33% of the mice. Prostatic tissues from intact EAF2-/- Pten+/- mice exhibited higher levels of phospho-Akt, -p44/42 and microvessel density. Moreover, phospho-Akt remained high after castration. Consistently, there was a synergistic increase in prostate epithelial proliferation in both intact and castrated EAF2-/-Pten+/- mice. Using laser-capture microdissection coupled with real-time reverse transcription-PCR, we confirmed that co-downregulation of EAF2 and Pten occurred in >50% clinical prostate cancer specimens with Gleason scores of 8-9 (n=11), which is associated with poor prognosis. The above findings together demonstrated synergistic functional interactions and clinical relevance of concurrent EAF2 and Pten downregulation in prostate carcinogenesis.
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Zhu Y, Qiu B, Liu H, Li Q, Xiao W, Hu Y, Liu M. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: review of 64 cases from a single institution. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:152-8. [PMID: 23639106 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus (SCCE) is a rare disease with poor prognosis. The aims of this study are to review the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of SCCE and to investigate the prognostic factors and optimal treatment options. Sixty-four patients diagnosed as SCCE in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 1990 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 46 patients with limited disease (LD) and 18 with extensive disease. The median survival time (MST) and overall survival rate were calculated and compared by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test, respectively. The prognostic factors were calculated by Cox hazards regression model. With a median follow up of 11.6 months, the MST of all the 64 patients was 12.6 months, 16.5 months for LD and 9.0 months for extensive disease. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survivals were 52.5%, 20.9%, and 7.5%, respectively. In univariate analysis, patients with ECOG performance score <2 (P = 0.009), lesion length ≤5 cm (P = 0.009), T stage ≤2 (P = 0.004), LD (P = 0.000), and multimodality treatment (P = 0.016) had significant associations with MST. Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG performance score (P = 0.001), T stage (P = 0.023), limited-extensive stage (P = 0.007), and treatment modality (P = 0.008) were independent prognostic factors. Locoregional treatment combined with chemotherapy had a trend to increase MST from 15.3 to 20.0 months in LD patients (P = 0.126), while combined chemotherapy had a significant impact on MST in extensive disease patients (P = 0.000). SCCE is a highly malignant disease with poor prognosis. Patients might obtain survival benefit from the combination of locoregional treatment and systemic therapy. Prospective studies are needed to validate these factors.
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Xiao W, Su Y, Zhou S, Yi C, He G, Liu Y, Qi Y. Rasgrp2 regulates the permissiveness of NIH3T3 cells to a herpes simplex virus 1 mutant with inactivated ICP34.5 gene. Acta Virol 2013; 57:41-9. [PMID: 23530823 DOI: 10.4149/av_2013_01_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that mtHSV, a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) mutant with an inactivated gene for β-galactosidase, can efficiently lyse tumor but not normal cells. However, the mechanism of this selective oncolytic activity is so far unclear. In this study, using the phage display screening we identified the cellular protein binding to HSV-1 mutant (mtHSV) as (Ras guanyl releasing protein 2) Rasgrp2 which regulates the Ras signaling pathway. Rasgrp2 was found to bind directly to purified mtHSV as well as to mtHSV present within infected HeLa cells where it aggregated on the cell membrane. NIH3T3 cells were found nonpermissive to mtHSV but they became permissive following transformation with the Rasgrp2 gene. This effect was linked to the activation of the Ras-PKR signaling pathway. These observations indicate a key role of Rasgrp2 in the mtHSV infection of NIH3T3 cells and are important for the potential use of mtHSV in cancer therapy.
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