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Wang YB, Yan SY, Xu XF, Huang X, Luo LS, Deng YQ, Li XH, Huang Q, Wang YY, Huang J, Jin YH, Zeng XT. Comparison on the Efficacy and Safety of Different Surgical Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With Volume >60 mL: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211067086. [PMID: 34939514 PMCID: PMC8721735 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211067086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 10 different surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with volume >60 mL. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) within a Bayesian framework was performed. A total of 52 parallel-group RCTs included, reporting on 6,947 participants, comparing open prostatectomy (OP), monopolar/bipolar transurethral resection of prostate (monopolar/ bipolar TURP), thulium, holmium and diode laser enucleation of prostate (LEP), bipolar enucleation of prostate, potassium titanyl phosphate laser vaporization of prostate (KTP LVP), bipolar vaporization of prostate (bipolar VP), and laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (laparoscope SP). Compared with OP, laparoscope SP identified better maximal flow rate (Qmax; mean differences [MDs] = 2.89 mL/s) at the 24th month, but bipolar VP demonstrated worse Qmax (MD = −3.20 mL/s) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS; MD = 2.60) at the 12th month. Holmium LEP (MD = 1.37) demonstrated better International Index of Erectile Function–5 at the 12th month compared with OP. However, compared with OP, KTP LVP demonstrated worse postvoid residual volume (PVR) at the sixth (MD = 10.42 mL) and 12th month (MD = 5.89 mL) and monopolar TURP (MD = 6.9 mL) demonstrated worse PVR at the 12th month. Eight new surgical methods for BPH with volume >60 mL appeared to be superior in safety compared with OP and monopolar TURP due to fewer complications. Bipolar VP and KTP LVP maybe not suitable for prostates more than 60 mL due to short- and middle-term worse Qmax, IPSS, and PVR than OP.
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Xu X, An J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Chen Y, Gong R. Investigation of the Quality of Recovery of Surgical Patients Based on the Chinese Version of the Quality of Recovery-15 Survey, a Cross-Sectional Study. J Perianesth Nurs 2021; 37:199-203. [PMID: 34916135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The quality of recovery (QoR) is an important indicator of a patient's health status in the early postoperative period. Despite its importance, the QoR from the patient's perspective is often neglected in clinical practice. This study was performed to survey and determine the QoR of surgical patients from their own subjective perspective and to provide a reference for the targeted postoperative care of surgical patients in the future. DESIGN A descriptive and cross-sectional study. METHODS The Chinese version of the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scale was used to survey the QoR of 503 surgical patients in 20 surgical wards from 17 surgical departments of a large tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province, China. A questionnaire survey was administered to each patient before and after the operation, and the scores were compared. FINDINGS There were no significant differences in "feeling worried or anxious" and "feeling sad or depressed" between the preoperative and postoperative periods (P > 0.05). The postoperative scores for the other items were significantly lower than the preoperative scores. The total postoperative QoR-15 score was significantly lower than the total preoperative score (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The QoR-15 scores of surgical patients were lower after the surgery than before, and patients still needed care after discharge. Therefore, due to the gradual shortening of the length of stay (LOS) of surgical patients, it is necessary for hospitals to construct a complete surgical patient transitional care process to meet the needs of patients after discharge and promote patient rehabilitation.
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Zhu HH, Ma YF, Yu K, Ouyang GF, Luo WD, Pei RZ, Xu WQ, Hu HX, Mo SP, Xu XH, Lan JP, Shen JP, Shou LH, Qian SX, Feng WY, Zhao P, Jiang JH, Hu BL, Zhang J, Qian SY, Wu GQ, Wu WP, Qiu L, Li LJ, Lang XH, Chen S, Chen LL, Guo JB, Cao LH, Jiang HF, Xia YM, Le J, Zhao JZ, Huang J, Zhang YF, Lv YL, Hua JS, Hong YW, Zheng CP, Wang JX, Hu BF, Chen XH, Zhang LM, Tao S, Xie BS, Kuang YM, Luo WJ, Su P, Guo J, Wu X, Jiang W, Zhang HQ, Zhang Y, Chen CM, Xu XF, Guo Y, Tu JM, Hu S, Yan XY, Yao C, Lou YJ, Jin J. Early Death and Survival of Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in ATRA Plus Arsenic Era: A Population-Based Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:762653. [PMID: 34868978 PMCID: PMC8637823 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.762653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Most randomized trials for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have investigated highly selected patients under idealized conditions, and the findings need to be validated in the real world. We conducted a population-based study of all APL patients in Zhejiang Province, China, with a total population of 82 million people, to assess the generalization of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic as front-line treatment. The outcomes of APL patients were also analyzed. Between January 2015 and December 2019, 1,233 eligible patients were included in the final analysis. The rate of ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment increased steadily from 66.2% in 2015 to 83.3% in 2019, with no difference among the size of the center (≥5 or <5 patients per year, p = 0.12) or age (≥60 or <60 years, p = 0.35). The early death (ED) rate, defined as death within 30 days after diagnosis, was 8.2%, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 87.9% in the whole patient population. Age (≥60 years) and white blood cell count (>10 × 109/L) were independent risk factors for ED and OS in the multivariate analysis. This population-based study showed that ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment are widely used under real-world conditions and yield a low ED rate and a high survival rate, which mimic the results from clinical trials, thereby supporting the wider application of APL guidelines in the future.
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Zi H, He SH, Leng XY, Xu XF, Huang Q, Weng H, Zhu C, Li LY, Gu JM, Li XH, Ming DJ, Li XD, Yuan S, Wang XH, He DL, Zeng XT. Global, regional, and national burden of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers and their attributable risk factors, 1990-2019. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:60. [PMID: 34819142 PMCID: PMC8611255 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers has changed in recent decades. This study aims to investigate the global and regional burden of, and attributable risk factors for genitourinary cancers during the past 30 years. METHODS We extracted data of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database, including incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to assess the changes in age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR). The associations between cancers burden and socio-demographic index (SDI) were also analyzed. RESULTS Compared with 1990, the global incident cases in 2019 were higher by 154.78%, 123.34%, and 169.11% for kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers, respectively. During the 30-year study period, there was a downward trend in ASMR and ASDR for bladder cancer (EAPC = - 0.68 and - 0.83, respectively) and prostate cancer (EAPC = - 0.75 and - 0.71, respectively), but an upward trend for kidney cancer (EAPC = 0.35 and 0.12, respectively). Regions and countries with higher SDI had higher incidence, mortality, and DALYs for all three types of cancers. The burden of bladder and prostate cancers was mainly distributed among older men, whereas the burden of kidney cancer increased among middle-aged men. Smoking related mortality and DALYs decreased, but high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) related mortality and DALYs increased among kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers remain major global public health challenges, but with distinct trend for different disease entity across different regions and socioeconomic status. More proactive intervention strategies, at both the administrative and academic levels, based on the dynamic changes, are needed.
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Li ZY, Xie ZJ, Li HC, Wang JJ, Wen XH, Wu SY, Chen J, Zhang JJ, Li L, Guo QQ, Liu QP, Lan H, Jiang YP, Li DM, Xu XF, Song SY, Zhang M, Fang S, Lai WD, Gao YN, Zhang FQ, Luo WQ, Lou Y, Chen W, Zhang XF, Wang KE, Zhou MQ, He YF, Xi AR, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Chen YL, Wen CP. Guidelines on the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for severe coronavirus disease 2019. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105955. [PMID: 34715330 PMCID: PMC8553423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by numerous complications, complex disease, and high mortality, making its treatment a top priority in the treatment of COVID-19. Integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine played an important role in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of COVID-19 during the epidemic. However, currently there are no evidence-based guidelines for the integrated treatment of severe COVID-19 with TCM and western medicine. Therefore, it is important to develop an evidence-based guideline on the treatment of severe COVID-19 with integrated TCM and western medicine, in order to provide clinical guidance and decision basis for healthcare professionals, public health personnel, and scientific researchers involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of COVID-19 patients. We developed and completed the guideline by referring to the standardization process of the "WHO handbook for guideline development", the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system, and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT).
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Liu J, Li M, Liang JY, Xu XF, Zeng WG, Wang YJ, Jiang Y, Peng FH. Autoimmune diseases in HIV-negative cryptococcal meningitis. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:1251-1259. [PMID: 34674547 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of our study was to assess the differences between HIV-negative cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients with and without autoimmune diseases. Methods: A total of 43 CM patients with autoimmune diseases and 67 without autoimmune diseases were enrolled for analysis. Results: CM patients with autoimmune diseases had higher fever, modified Rankin Scale scores, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, but had lower rates of visual and hearing symptoms, ventriculoperitoneal shunts, MRI meningeal enhancement and amphotericin B treatment, as well as lower cerebrospinal fluid pressure and fungal counts. When divided according to gender, each group had lower intracranial pressure and higher inflammation indicators. No differences in outcomes, sequelae and mortality hazard were found. Fluconazole treatment was a prognostic factor for CM without autoimmune diseases. Conclusions: Both antifungal and anti-inflammatory therapy should be considered in CM patients with autoimmune diseases.
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Guo YJ, Guo YM, Han Y, Wu QY, Yang Y, Luo T, Xu XF, Xia XY. [Target gene panel method versus whole-exome sequencing in detection of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in males]. ZHONGHUA NAN KE XUE = NATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 2021; 27:899-903. [PMID: 34914268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficiency of the target gene panel method and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in detecting idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), and select a more suitable gene detection method. METHODS We selected 24 genes closely related to the molecular pathogenesis of IHH to make up the gene panel, detected the mutation sites in 73 patients with IHH using the panel method, and verified the results of sequencing with the Sanger method. Using the key words "idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism", we searched databases for relevant literature, calculated the positive rate of IHH detected by WES and compared it with that detected with the panel method. RESULTS Of the 73 cases of IHH detected with the panel method, 7 were found with pathogenic mutations, including 2 cases of FGFR1, 2 cases of CHD7, 2 cases of KISS1R, and 1 case of NR5A1 mutation. Sanger sequencing showed that the positive rate of the panel method was 9.7%. Of the 1 336 articles retrieved, 5 met the inclusion criteria and were included, in which WES revealed a positive rate of about 30%. CONCLUSIONS For detection of the diseases with clear mutated genes, the panel method is relatively inexpensive and has a high sequencing depth, while for detection of the diseases with complicated genetic patterns and unclear mutated genes, WES is more efficient. Further studies are needed for choice of the two methods for different purpose of detection./.
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Shi XT, Zhu HL, Xu XF, Xiong YW, Dai LM, Zhou GX, Liu WB, Zhang YF, Xu DX, Wang H. Gestational cadmium exposure impairs placental angiogenesis via activating GC/GR signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112632. [PMID: 34411824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gestational exposure to environmental Cd caused placental angiogenesis impairment and fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, its mechanism remained unclear. This study was to investigate the effects of Cd exposure during pregnancy on placental angiogenesis and its mechanism. Pregnant mice were exposed to CdCl2 (4.5 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 8 with or without melatonin (MT) (5.0 mg/kg), an anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress agent, from GD7 to GD15. Human primary placental trophoblasts and JEG-3 cells were stimulated using CdCl2 (20 μM) after MT (1 mM) preprocessing. We firstly found MT treatment obviously mitigated environmental Cd-induced placental angiogenesis disorder and reduction of the VEGF-A level. Mechanistically, MT reversed environmental Cd-downregulated the protein expression of VEGF-A via inhibiting glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation. Notably, our data showed MT treatment antagonized Cd-activated GC/GR signaling via blocking PERK signaling and thereby upregulated VEGF-A and 11β-HSD2 protein expression. Based upon the population case-control study, the levels of VEGF-A and 11β-HSD2 protein in small-for-gestational-age placentae were significantly reduced when compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age placentae. Overall, environmental Cd exposure during gestation impaired placental angiogenesis via PERK-regulated GC/GR signaling in placental trophoblasts. Our findings will provide a basis for prevention and treatment of placental impairments and fetal growth restriction caused by environment toxicants in future.
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Guo YS, Xu XF, Li N, Sun N, Duan LF. [Impact of high-fat diet on gene expression in mouse prostate tissue]. ZHONGHUA NAN KE XUE = NATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 2021; 27:675-679. [PMID: 34914237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of high-fat diet on the biological network regulation of gene expression microarray data and key proteins in mouse prostate tissue, and provide some new theoretical evidence for the mechanism of obesity inducing PCa. METHODS From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we obtained RNAs in the prostate tissue from two groups of C57BL / 6J mice, the normal diet group (n = 5) and high-fat diet group (n = 4). Using the Gene Cloud, Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Informs (GCBI), GenClip2.0, and Sytoscape 3.5.1, we screened differentially expressed genes, investigated protein interaction networks and biological pathways of differential genes and, from the perspective of transcriptome, explored the effects of high-fat diet on the changes of the molecular network of prostate tissue genes and the molecular biological functions possibly involved. RESULTS A total of 134 differentially expressed genes were identified, 130 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated, mainly involved in biological functions such as chromosome organization, cell-cell signaling, small molecule biosynthesis and leukocyte activation. The Lck, Prkcb and Cd28 genes in the gene network were of high value, indicating an important relationship with protein synthesis and biological functions, the core node of the protein-protein network, and a high predictive ability of Lck and Cd28. CONCLUSIONS The high-fat diet can induce changes in prostate tissue genes, leading to tumorigenesis.
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Xu XF, Liu GX, Guo YS, Zhu HY, He DL, Qiao XM, Li XH. Global, Regional, and National Incidence and Year Lived with Disability for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from 1990 to 2019. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211036786. [PMID: 34330182 PMCID: PMC8326634 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211036786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to provide comprehensive and up-to-date estimates on the disease burden of BPH in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. Data about incidence, year lived with disability (YLD), and their age-standardized rates (ASRs) for 21 regions, 5 Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles, 204 countries and territories, and 12 age categories from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of the ASRs and the associations between SDI and the ASRs were estimated. The effects of population growth, population aging, and age-specific rate on the changes in the absolute numbers of incidence and YLD were quantified. Globally, there were 11.26 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 8.79, 14.46) new cases and 1.86 million (95%UI: 1.13, 2.78) YLD due to BPH in 2019. The global ASRs of incidence (EAPC: −0.031, 95% CI: −0.050, −0.012) and YLD (EAPC: −0.058, 95% CI: −0.084, −0.031) decreased slightly from 1990 to 2019, whereas the absolute numbers increased dramatically from 1990 (incidence by 105.7% and YLD by 110.6%), mainly driven by the population growth (53.5% for incidence and 54.4% for YLD) and population aging (55.7% for incidence and 63.2% for YLD). The burden of BPH varied markedly among different regions, socioeconomic status, and countries. As the population is growing and aging, great efforts are required to develop effective prevention, treatment and management strategies to meet the high and increasing burden of BPH worldwide.
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Hassan SA, Wu BH, Xu XF, Wang CR, Cao JC. Bending effect on the Majorana bound states in planar Josephson junctions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:385001. [PMID: 34171850 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0ea7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We consider the bending effect on the formation of Majorana bound states (MBSs) in planar Josephson junctions where the normal stripe is tilted in a V shape. Our results show that the MBSs remain robust for moderate bending angles. Beyond some critical angles, the degradation of MBSs can be revealed by its eigenspectrum as well as the Majorana polarization (MP). Our results show that the parameter space of bending angle for robust MBSs can be significantly enlarged by tuning the superconducting phase difference across the Josephson junction. These findings suggest that the interplay of the junction geometry and the device parameters provides richer degree of freedom in designing topological superconducting devices for future applications. The MP analysis is an indispensable tool for characterizing the Majorana states.
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Wang WJ, Wang J, Ouyang C, Chen C, Xu XF, Ye XQ. Overview of serpin B9 and its roles in cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:190. [PMID: 34278491 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine proteinase inhibitor B9 (serpin B9) is a member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, which is widely found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Serpin B9 has been reported to protect cells from the immune‑killing effect of granzyme B (GrB) released by lymphocytes. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that serpin B9 is involved in tumour apoptosis, immune evasion, tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance and even in maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, according to clinical studies, serpin B9 has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the development of precancerous lesions, a poor prognosis and ineffective therapies, suggesting that serpin B9 may be a potential target for cancer treatment and an indicator of cancer diagnosis; thus, it has begun to attract increased attention from scholars. The present review concisely described the structure and biological functions of the serpin superfamily and serpin B9. In addition, related research on serpins in cancer is discussed in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of serpin B9 in cancer, as well as its clinical significance for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Li B, Guo SW, Shi XH, Shen S, Zhang GX, Gao SZ, Pan YQ, Xu XF, Jin G. [Diagnostic efficacy for predicting intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas with high grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma based on the surgery indications in different guidelines]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2021; 59:359-365. [PMID: 33915626 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200507-00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the performance of the European Evidence-based Guidelines on Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms (EEGPCN)(2018) and International Association of Pancreatology(IAP) Guideline(Version 2017) in predicting high grade dysplasia/invasive carcinoma-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(HGD/INV-IPMN). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 363 patients,who underwent surgical resection in Changhai Hospital affiliated to Navy Medical University from January 2012 to December 2018 and were pathologically identified as (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, IPMN),was performed. The patients,including 230 males and 133 females,aging (61.7±10.1) years(range:19 to 83 years). The proportion of HGD/INV-IPMN who met with the absolute indication(AI) of EEGPCN and high risk stigma(HRS) of IAP were compared. The binary Logistic regression analysis was used to find the independent risk factors of HGD/INV-IPMN.Eight combinations of risk factors derived from relative indication/worrisome feature or risk factors in this study,were made to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. The area under curve(AUC) of receiver operating characteristics was used to evaluate the the cutoff value of risk factors(①CA19-9≥37 U/ml,②diameter of main pancreatic duct 5.0-9.9 mm,③enhancing mural nodule<5 mm,④(acute) pancreatiti,⑤acyst diameter ≥40 mm,⑤bcyst diameter ≥30 mm, ⑥thickened or enhancing cyst walls,⑦neutrophile granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)≥2, ⑧cyst located in head, uncinate or neck,⑨carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) ≥5 μg/L) number for predicting HGD/INV-IPMN.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,true positive,true negative,false positive,false negative,positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio,Youden index and F1 score were calculated. Results: Ninety-two patients(49.5%) of 186 ones who met AI and 85 patients(48.3%) of 176 ones who met HRS were respectively confirmed as HGD/INV-IPMN. In those patients who were not met AI,tumor location,thickened/enhancing cyst wall,CA19-9 elevated,NLR≥2 and CEA elevated were significantly (P<0.05) correlated with HGD/INV-IPMN. And tumor location(head/uncinate/neck vs. body/tail,OR=3.284,95%CI:1.268-8.503,P=0.014),thickened/enhancement cyst wall (with vs.without,OR=2.713,95%CI:1.177-6.252,P=0.019),CA19-9(≥37 U/L vs.<37 U/L, OR=5.086,95%CI:2.05-12.62,P<0.01) and NLR(≥2 vs.<2,OR=2.380,95%CI:1.043-5.434,P=0.039) were the independent risk factors of HGD/INV-IPMN. Patients with ≥4 risk factors of 9 in combination Ⅷ(①②③④⑤b⑥⑦⑧⑨) were diagnosed as HGD/INV-IPMN with the moderate accuracy(71.0%),moderate sensitivity (62.0%) and moderate specificity (73.0%). Patients with ≥4 risk factors of 9 in Combination Ⅶ(①②③④⑤a⑥⑦⑧⑨) were diagnosed as HGD/INV-IPMN with the highest specificity(83.0%) and patients with ≥3 risk factors of 8 in combination Ⅵ(①②③④⑤b⑥⑧⑨) were diagnosed as HGD/INV-IPMN with the highest sensitivity(74.0%). The AUC for diagnosis of HGD/INV-IPMN in combination Ⅵ,Ⅶ and Ⅷ were 0.72,0.75 and 0.75,respectively. Older patients and younger patients could respectively refer to combination Ⅶ and combination Ⅵ to improve the management of IPMN. Conclusions: Patients who meet AI of EEGPCN should undertake resection, otherwise the method we explored is recommended. The method of improvement for diagnosis of HGD/INV-IPMN is relatively applicable and efficient for decision-making of surgery, especially for younger patients with decreasing of missed diagnosis and elder patients with decreasing of misdiagnosis.
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Wang WJ, Ouyang C, Yu B, Chen C, Xu XF, Ye XQ. Role of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑2α in lung cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:57. [PMID: 33760175 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common phenomenon during tumorigenesis and tumour development. In recent years, studies have found that hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF)‑2α, also referred to as endothelial PAS domain protein‑1, plays an important role in tumours. HIF‑2α is an important oncogene and a critical prognostic indicator in non‑small cell lung cancer. However, no unified conclusion can be drawn concerning HIF‑2α and small cell lung cancer, since few studies to date have focused on their association. An increasing number of studies have confirmed that HIF‑2α is involved in tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and radiotherapy failure in lung cancer. Of note, HIF‑2α plays a crucial role in lung cancer to maintain cancer cell stemness. Based on the importance of HIF‑2α in lung cancer, HIF‑2α‑targeted therapy has been attracting increasing attention. Although this strategy currently appears to be promising in vitro, it has never been assessed as a therapy for lung cancer. The aim of the present review was to summarize the contribution of HIF‑2α to various aspects of lung cancer, as well as its potential as targeted therapy.
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Zhu HL, Shi XT, Xu XF, Xiong YW, Yi SJ, Zhou GX, Liu WB, Huang MM, Gao L, Zhang C, Zhao LL, Xu DX, Wang H. Environmental cadmium exposure induces fetal growth restriction via triggering PERK-regulated mitophagy in placental trophoblasts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106319. [PMID: 33348103 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), an environmental toxicant, is positively associated with fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, the mechanism by which gestational exposure to Cd induces FGR remains unclear. This study designed in vitro and in vivo experiments to explore the role of placental mitophagy in Cd-impaired fetal growth. Based on our case-control study, we also investigated the association of placental mitophagy with reduced progesterone (P4) level and all-cause FGR. We firstly found environmental Cd exposure lowered the P4 content in maternal sera, placentae and amnioticfluids of mice. The level of three mitochondrial P4 synthases, including StAR, CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD, was also reduced in Cd-treated placentae. Furthermore, Cd triggered mitophagy, as determined by the degradation of two mitochondrial proteins HSP60 and COX IV, and the accumulation of co-localizations of TOM20 with LC3B or Parkin in placental trophoblasts. Correspondingly, Cd elevated mitochondrial Parkin level in placental trophoblasts. Mdivi-1, a mitophagy inhibitor, obviously attenuated Cd-induced reduction of placental P4 and FGR in mice. Moreover, mdivi-1 and Parkin siRNA (siR) markedly reversed Cd-caused P4 synthesis inhibition in human placental trophoblasts. Interestedly, the PERK/ATF4 signaling was activated in Cd-stimulated placental trophoblasts. PERK siR inhibited mitochondrial proteins degradation in Cd-stimulated placental trophoblasts. In particularly, mitophagy activation and P4 synthesis suppression occurred in small-for-gestational-age placentae based on our case-control study. Environmental Cd exposure induced FGR via activating PERK-regulated mitophagy and inhibiting P4 synthesis in placentaltrophoblasts. Furthermore, placental mitophagy was related to the reduced progesterone level and all-cause fetal growth restriction based on our case-control study. As above, placental mitophagy maybe the common mechanism of environmental toxicants-impaired fetal growth.
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Xu L, Yang W, Shu YF, Xu XF. Hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma with elevated globulin: a case report and literature review. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520920395. [PMID: 32363985 PMCID: PMC7218943 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520920395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 60-year-old male patient presented with a serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level of 2940.5 ng/mL accompanied by a significant increase in serum globulin. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was 2.85 × 103 (normal value <1.0 × 103). B-mode ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging showed characteristic manifestations and he was clinically diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma in January 2015. He received radiofrequency ablation and tenofovir disoproxil anti-HBV therapy and his serum AFP and globulin levels were significantly reduced. In March 2018, he presented at our Hematology Department with fatigue and a pale complexion. At that time, his serum AFP level was normal, with hemoglobin 61 g/L and globulin 64.7 g/L. He was diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) by bone marrow examination, and immunofixation electrophoresis. The patient received PCD chemotherapy (bortezomib 2.0 g/dL on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 plus cyclophosphamide 0.3 g/dL on days 1-4 plus dexamethasone 20 mg/dL on days 1-2, 4-5, 8-9, and 11-12). The patient finally died of MM complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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Xu XF, Qian XX, Wang KQ, Yu YH, Guo YY, Zhao X, Wang B, Yang NY, Huang JR, Yang ZN. Slowing Development Facilitates Arabidopsis mgt Mutants to Accumulate Enough Magnesium for Pollen Formation and Fertility Restoration. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:621338. [PMID: 33552112 PMCID: PMC7854698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.621338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an abundant and important cation in cells. Plants rely on Mg transporters to take up Mg from the soil, and then Mg is transported to anthers and other organs. Here, we showed that MGT6+/- plants display reduced fertility, while mgt6 plants are fertile. MGT6 is expressed in the anther at the early stages. Pollen mitosis and intine formation are impaired in aborted pollen grains (PGs) of MGT6+/- plants, which is similar to the defective pollen observed in mgt5 and mgt9 mutants. These results suggest that Mg deficiency leads to pollen abortion in MGT6+/- plants. Our data showed that mgt6 organs including buds develop significantly slower and mgt6 stamens accumulate a higher level of Mg, compared with wild-type (WT) and MGT6+/- plants. These results indicate that slower bud development allows mgt6 to accumulate sufficient amounts of Mg in the pollen, explaining why mgt6 is fertile. Furthermore, we found that mgt6 can restore fertility of mgt5, which has been reported to be male sterile due to defects in Mg transport from the tapetum to microspores and that an additional Mg supply can restore its fertility. Interestingly, mgt5 fertility is recovered when grown under short photoperiod conditions, which is a well-known factor regulating plant fertility. Taken together, these results demonstrate that slow development is a general mechanism to restore mgts fertility, which allows other redundant magnesium transporter (MGT) members to transport sufficient Mg for pollen formation.
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Wu BH, Hassan SA, Gong WJ, Xu XF, Wang CR, Cao JC. Theoretical investigation of the scanning tunneling microscopy of Majorana bound states in topological superconductor vortices. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:025301. [PMID: 33055367 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abb546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is an indispensable tool in detecting Majorana bound states (MBSs) in vortices of topological superconductors. By reducing the computational complexity via non-uniform grids, we systematically study the tunnel coupling as well as the temperature dependence of the differential conductance of MBSs in two dimensional devices. Numerical results show that the conductance peak approaches the quantized value 2e 2/h in strong coupling limit at low temperatures which are characteristic features of MBSs. More interestingly, a conductance local minimum in the spatially scanning is observed when the STM tip is placed at the vortex center. The dip structure can be enhanced with increased temperature or enlarged vortex size. We ascribe this observation to the sensitivity of the Andreev reflection processes of carriers at the vortex center where the thermal energy could be comparable to the vanishing pair potential. We also investigate the STM of two-vortex systems where the hybridization of the vortices can lead to oscillatory behavior of the state energy. With small inter-vortex distances, the original MBSs in vortices can merge into topologically trivial states and the conductance peak can be significantly suppressed.
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Xiong YW, Xu XF, Zhu HL, Cao XL, Yi SJ, Shi XT, Zhu KH, Nan Y, Zhao LL, Zhang C, Gao L, Chen YH, Xu DX, Wang H. Environmental exposure to cadmium impairs fetal growth and placental angiogenesis via GCN-2-mediated mitochondrial stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123438. [PMID: 32763717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a well-known environmental pollutant, can lead to placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. The purpose of our study is to explore the effect of Cd on placental angiogenesis and its mechanism using in vitro and in vivo models. Results found that gestational Cd exposure obviously decreased placental weight and impaired placental vascular development in mice. Correspondingly, Cd exposure evidently downregulated the expression of VEGF-A protein (a key indicator of angiogenesis) and progesterone receptor (PR) in placental trophoblasts. Further experiment showed that lentivirus PR overexpression reversed Cd-caused the reduction of VEGF-A level in human placental trophoblasts. In addition, Cd significantly reduced progesterone level, down-regulated the expression of key progesterone synthase (StAR, CYP11A1), and activated mitochondrial stress response and GCN-2/p-eIF2α signaling in placental trophoblasts. Additional experiment showed that GCN-2 siRNA pretreatment markedly alleviated Cd-activated mitochondrial stress response, restored Cd-downregulated the expression of CYP11A1, reversed Cd-reduced the level of progesterone and VEGF-A in human placental trophoblasts. Finally, our case-control study confirmed that impaired placental angiogenesis and reduced progesterone level occurred in all-cause small for gestational age placenta. Taken together, environmental exposure to Cd impairs fetal growth and placental angiogenesis via GCN-2-mediated mitochondrial stress.
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Fang L, Xu XF, Lu Y, Wu YY, Li JJ. MicroRNA-495 attenuates proliferation and inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through attenuating β-catenin pathway. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:837-844. [PMID: 32677423 DOI: 10.23812/20-47-a-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) exert a critical effect in the occurrence and progress of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MicroRNA-495 (miR-495) can regulate many growth behaviors in various cell types. Nevertheless, the role of miR-495 is still unclear in RA-FLS. We aimed to explore the role and molecular mechanism of miR-495 in RA. The FLSs and synovial tissue from normal and RA cases were used in the study. RT-PCR analysis was used to examine the expression of miR-495. Western blot assay was conducted to determine the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and β-catenin. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed to determine the proliferation of RA-FLS in different treatment groups. The results showed that miR-495 is down-regulated in both RA-synovial tissue and RA-FLSs. Overexpression of miR-495 could inhibit RA-FLS proliferation and inflammatory factors of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and decrease the protein expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2. In addition, miR-495 could negatively regulate the expression of β-catenin in RA-FLSs. We also confirmed that the inhibitory role of miR-495 in RA-FLS is through the regulation of β-catenin expression. Taken together, miR-495 is downregulated in RA-FLS and RA synovial tissue, and miR-495 inhibits proliferation and inflammatory response in RA-FLS, partially via regulating β-catenin expression. The miR-495/β-catenin pathway may serve as a new therapeutic target for RA.
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Ge XS, Sun QJ, Xu XF, Liu S, Huang Y, Gao PY, Liu ZN, Peng XJ, Liu Y, Peng XY, Wu CD. [Clinical analysis and laboratory diagnosis of three cases with infantile botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type B]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2020; 58:499-502. [PMID: 32521963 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20191101-00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics and laboratory diagnostic methods of infant botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type B. Methods: Clinical data of 3 infants with type B botulism who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from May to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Botulinum toxin was detected in fecal samples or fecal enrichment solution of the patients, and Clostridium botulinum was cultured and isolated from fecal samples. Results: The age of onset of the patients (two boys and one girl) was 3, 3 and 8 months old, respectively. Two cases had the onset in May and one case had the onset in November. There were two cases with mixed feeding and one case with breast feeding. One case's family members engaged in meat processing. All of them were previously healthy. All the children presented with acute flaccid paralysis, cranial nerve involvement and difficult defecation. Two cases had secondary urinary tract infection. Electromyograms of two cases showed that action potential amplitude of the motor nerve were lower than those of their peers. After treatments including intravenous human immunoglobulin, respiratory tract management, urethral catheterization, nasal feeding, etc., three cases recovered completely 2 to 4 months later. Type B botulinum toxin was detected in the fecal diluent of one patient, and the TPGYT enrichment solution and cooked meet medium of the feces of 3 patients, respectively. Clostridium botulinum B was identified from the feces of 3 infants after culture, isolation and purification. Conclusions: Combined with typical clinical manifestations including acute flaccid paralysis, cranial nerve involvement symptoms and difficult defecation examination, infant botulism can be clinically diagnosed. The detection of fecal botulinum toxin and the culture and isolation of Clostridium botulinum are helpful for the diagnosis.
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Wang F, Wang L, Wu QY, Zhu PR, Jiang WJ, Zhao GG, Xia XY, Xu XF. [Correlation between microRNA-34b/c single nucleotide polymorphism rs4938723 and male infertility]. ZHONGHUA NAN KE XUE = NATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY 2020; 26:807-810. [PMID: 33377704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between microRNA-34b/c single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4938723 and the risk of male infertility. METHODS This case-control study included 553 males aged 19-40 (29.42 ± 5.09) years with idiopathic infertility, 153 with azoospermia and 400 with oligoasthenospermia, and another 332 normal fertile men aged 19-40 (28.5 4 ± 4.63) years as controls. We collected the clinical data and peripheral blood samples from the subjects, genotyped microRNA-34b/c rs4938723 by Sequenom MassARRAY, and analyzed the relationship between the genotypes of microRNA-34b/c rs4938723 and the risk of male infertility using the logistic regression model. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed between the infertility patients and normal controls in sperm concentration ([18.71 ± 15.19] vs [79.91 ± 43.96] × 10⁶/ml, P < 0.01), the percentage of progressively motile sperm ([13.27 ± 24.52]% vs [42.82 ± 8.86]%, P < 0.01) and the level of follicle stimulating hormone ([16.09 ± 17.37] vs [12.20 ± 4.73] IU/L, P < 0.01). Compared with the TT genotype, the TC and CC genotypes showed no correlation with male infertility, nor did the genetic locus in the subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS No correlation was found between microRNA-34b/c SNP rs4938723 and male infertility, which, however, needs to be further verified by larger-sized samples.
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Qiao XM, Xu XF, Zi H, Liu GX, Li BH, Du X, Tian ZH, Liu XY, Luo LS, Wang X. Re-positive Cases of Nucleic Acid Tests in Discharged Patients With COVID-19: A Follow-Up Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:349. [PMID: 32656223 PMCID: PMC7324684 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The frequent emergence of the re-positive patients with COVID-19 is a potential threat worldwide. This study aimed to describe data from admission to follow-up for patients with COVID-19 and analyze the possible causes for re-positive nucleic acid tests to provide more scientific basis for reducing the numbers of re-positive patients after discharge. Methods: We retrospectively recorded 15 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Xianyang Central Hospital, China. The baseline, exposure histories, clinical syndromes, laboratory characteristics, nucleic acid, and follow-up tests were analyzed, and the radiological characteristics of re-positive patient at different periods were compared. Results: Eight (53.33%) patients had the history of travel to Wuhan, four (26.67%) patients had close contact with confirmed patients, and one (6.67%) patient had close contact with suspected patients. After treatment, all patients had two consecutively negative nucleic acid tests and were discharged from hospital. All patients were followed up for more than 14 days, and the average time from discharge to the first follow-up was 14.67 ± 3.31 days (from 9 to 22 days). Most patients showed no clinical symptoms and negative nucleic acid tests, while one patient had an itchy throat, her CT scan showed a light density shadow in the right lower lobe of the lung, and the nucleic acid was once again positive. The second follow-up of the other 14 patients (except the re-positive one) was conducted 20.80 ± 7.78 days (from 13 to 30 days) after discharge, and all of them had negative nucleic acid tests. The positive patient was immediately readmitted and received a new round of treatment. Her family members and colleagues remained healthy until now. Conclusions: The quality of nucleic acid testing reagents should be enhanced, and the training of nucleic acid sampling operators should be strengthened to reduce the false-negative results in the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2; the clinical specimens of throat and nasopharynx swabs can be collected at the same time; IgM- and IgG-specific antibodies of SARS-CoV-2 should be carried out for discharged patients; the radiological characteristics should be evaluated strictly; and the discharge standard can be specified according to the baseline and severity of disease of patients.
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Ma YG, Han YZ, Zhang ZS, Yu Y, Xu XF, Yuan L. [MiR-451 regulates proliferation and migration of colorectal cells by targeting MIF]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2020; 42:312-318. [PMID: 32375447 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190924-00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-451 on the proliferation and migration of human colorectal cancer cell SW480 by targeting macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Methods: Microarray analysis was used to screen differentially expressed microRNAs and messenger RNA in SW480 cells. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expressions of miR-451 and MIF in SW480 cells before and after transfection. Cell clone formation assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the proliferation and invasion of SW480 cells, respectively. Cell scratch assay was used to detect the migration ability of SW480 cells. The TargetScan database was used to analyze the correlation between miR-451 and MIF. Dual luciferase reporter gene was used to detect the interaction of miR-451 and MIF. MTT assay was used to detect the viability of SW480 cells. Results: Compared with human normal colorectal mucosal cell FHC (1.00), the expression of miR-451 was down-regulated in SW480 cells ( 0.36±0.18, P<0.001). Knockdown of miR-451 promoted proliferation, and migration of SW480 cells. Compared with that in FHC cells, MIF expression was up-regulated in SW480 cells (2.28±0.45, P<0.001). MIF down-regulation inhibited SW480 cell proliferation, invasion and migration. MiR-451 specifically bind to the MIF 3'UTR and regulated the expression of MIF. Overexpression of miR-451 reduced while overexpression of MIF increased the viability of SW480 cells. Overexpression of MIF promoted the proliferation and migration of SW480 cells (P<0.01), reversed the effect of miR-451 suppressed proliferation and migration of SW480 cells. Conclusion: MiR-451 may regulate proliferation and migration of human colorectal cancer cells by targeting MIF.
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Liu WG, Luo J, Ren QY, Qu ZQ, Lin HL, Xu XF, Ni J, Xiao RH, Chen RG, Rashid M, Wu ZG, Tan YC, Qiu XF, Luo JX, Yin H, Wang H, Yang ZQ, Xiao S, Liu GY. A Novel miRNA-hlo-miR-2-Serves as a Regulatory Factor That Controls Molting Events by Targeting CPR1 in Haemaphysalis longicornis Nymphs. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1098. [PMID: 32547523 PMCID: PMC7274079 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful completion of the molting process requires new epidermal growth and ecdysis of the old cuticle in Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the development of organisms by inhibiting the expression of their target mRNAs. In this study, a novel tick-specific miRNA was identified and denoted hlo-miR-2 that serves as a novel regulator of molting events in H. longicornis nymphs by targeting a cuticular protein. The full length of this cuticular protein was first obtained and named it CPR1. A qRT-PCR analysis showed that hlo-miR-2 and CPR1 exhibit significant tissue and temporal specificity and that their transcription levels are negatively correlated during the molting process. CPR1, as a direct target of hlo-miR-2, was identified by a luciferase reporter assay in vitro. Agomir treatment indicated that the overexpression of hlo-miR-2 significantly reduced the protein expression level of CPR1, decreased the molting rate and delayed the molting time point in H. longicornis nymphs. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments demonstrated that CPR1 was significantly associated with the molting process in H. longicornis nymphs. Phenotypic rescue experiments convincingly showed that hlo-miR-2 participated in molting events by targeting CPR1 in H. longicornis nymphs. In summary, we present evidence demonstrating that miRNAs constitute a novel important regulator of molting events in addition to hormones. The described functional evidence implicating CPR1 in molting events contributes to an improved understanding of the distinct functions of the CPR family in ticks and will aid the development of a promising application of cuticular protein RNAi in tick control.
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