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Jang JC, Jung SW, Jin SS, Ohh SJ, Kim JE, Kim YY. The Effects of Gilts Housed Either in Group with the Electronic Sow Feeding System or Conventional Stall. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1512-8. [PMID: 26323407 PMCID: PMC4554859 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to assess the welfare and productivity of gestating gilts in groups with the electronic sow feeding (ESF) system compared to conventional stalls. A total of 83 gilts (Yorkshire×Landrace) were housed into individual stalls to be artificially inseminated. Gilts confirmed pregnant were introduced to their treatment, conventional stalls (ST) or groups with the ESF system. All gilts were taken to the farrowing crates one week prior to their expected farrowing date. In the gestation period, there were no significant differences between gilts allocated to ST and ESF on growth performance. However, backfat thickness gain (p = 0.08) and body condition score (BCS) at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.10) tended to be higher in ESF gilts than ST. Likewise, gilts housed in group showed significantly higher estimated body muscle contents at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.02) and body muscle change during gestation (p = 0.01). There was a trend for a shorter parturition time in ESF gilts (p = 0.07). In the lactation period, group housed gilts showed a tendency to increased BCS changes (p = 0.06). Reproductive performance did not differ with the exception of piglet mortality (ST = 0.2 no. of piglets vs ESF = 0.4 no. of piglets; p = 0.01). In blood profiles, ST gilts showed a higher cortisol level at 110 days of gestation (p = 0.01). Weaning to estrus interval was shorter in gilts housed in ESF than ST (p = 0.01). In locomotory behaviors, ESF gilts recorded a tendency to elevate locomotion score at 36, 70, and 110 days of gestation (p = 0.07, p = 0.06, and p = 0.06, respectively). Similarly, ESF gilts showed significantly higher incidence of scratches at 36, 70, and 110 days of gestation (p = 0.01). Moreover, farrowing rates were higher in stall treatment (97.6%) compare to group housing treatment (95.2%). In conclusion, while group housed gilts with ESF system positively affected welfare status in combination with less physiologically stressful environments and activity, it negatively effects piglet mortality, farrowing rates and injuries of gilts.
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Choi HB, Jeong JH, Kim DH, Lee Y, Kwon H, Kim YY. Influence of Rapeseed Meal on Growth Performance, Blood Profiles, Nutrient Digestibility and Economic Benefit of Growing-finishing Pigs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1345-53. [PMID: 26323520 PMCID: PMC4554876 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary rapeseed meal (RSM) on growth performance, blood profiles, nutrient digestibility and economic benefit of growing-finishing pigs. A total of 120 growing pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace] ×Duroc) with an initial body weight (BW) 29.94±0.06 kg were used in this experiment. Pigs were randomly allotted into 1 of 5 treatments in a randomized complete block design and 6 replicates with 4 pigs per pen. Treatments were divided by dietary RSM supplementation levels (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, or 12%) in growing-finishing diets. A linear decrease (p<0.05) of BW and average daily gain (ADG) were observed at 13th wk of finishing and overall periods of pigs. Additionally, gain-to-feed ratio (G/F) tended to decrease by dietary RSM supplementation in growing-finishing diets (linear, p = 0.07 and quadratic, p = 0.08). Concentrations of serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine were not influenced by dietary RSM treatments whereas thyroid gland and liver weight were increased at 13th wk of finishing period (linear, p<0.05; p<0.01) by increasing dietary RSM supplementation level. In blood profiles, serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were not differed by dietary treatments at 13th wk of finishing period whereas concentration of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol was affected by the supplementation level of RSM, resulting in a linear RSM level responses (p<0.05). Serum blood urea nitrogen concentration tended to decrease (linear, p = 0.07; p = 0.08) at 6th wk of growing and 13th wk of finishing periods and digestibility of dry matter tended to decrease by dietary RSM (linear, p = 0.09). Crude protein, crude fat and nitrogen retention, whereas, were not affected by dietary RSM supplementation level. In the economic analysis, feed cost per weight gain was numerically decreased when RSM was provided up to 9%. Consequently, RSM could be supplemented to growing-finishing diets up to 9% (3.07 μmol/g Gls) without detrimental effects on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.
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Kim KH, Lee GY, Jang JC, Kim JE, Kim YY. Evaluation of Anti-SE Bacteriophage as Feed Additives to Prevent Salmonella enteritidis (SE) in Broiler. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:386-93. [PMID: 25049801 PMCID: PMC4093478 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate anti-Salmonella enteritidis (anti-SE) bacteriophage as feed additives to prevent Salmonella enteritidis in broilers. The experimental diets were formulated for 2 phases feeding trial, and 3 different levels (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%) of anti-SE bacteriophage were supplemented in basal diet. The basal diet was regarded as the control treatment. A total of 320 1-d-old male broilers (Ross 308) were allotted by randomized complete block (RCB) design in 8 replicates with 10 chicks per pen. All birds were raised on rice hull bedding in ambient controlled environment and free access to feed and water. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) at terminal period among treatments (p>0.05). Relative weights of liver, spleen, abdominal fat and tissue muscle of breast obtained from each anti-SE bacteriophage treatment were similar to control, with a slightly higher value in anti-SE bacteriophage 0.2%. In addition, a numerical difference of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and LDL cholesterol level was observed in the 0.2% anti-SE bacteriophage application even though blood profiles were not significantly affected by supplemented levels of anti-SE bacteriophage (p>0.05). In the result of a 14 d record after Salmonella enteritidis challenge of 160 birds from 4 previous treatments, mortality was linearly decreased with increasing anti-SE bacteriophage level (p<0.05), and Salmonella enteritidis concentration in the cecum was decreased with increasing levels of anti-SE bacteriophage (p<0.05). Based on the results of this study, it is considered that supplementation of 0.2% anti-SE bacteriophage may not cause any negative effect on growth, meat production, and it reduces mortality after Salmonella enteritidis challenge. These results imply to a possible use of anti-SE bacteriophage as an alternative feed additive instead of antibiotics in broilers diet.
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Wahid F, Khan T, Shehzad A, Ui-Islam M, Kim YY. Interaction of nanomaterials with cells and their medical applications. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 14:744-754. [PMID: 24730294 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted on the development of nanomaterials for medical applications. The interaction of nanomaterials with human cells is the most important criterion for biomedical application and has been studied in detail. Three common approaches have been suggested for nanomaterial mechanisms for cellular interaction and internalization: direct diffusion or disruption to the plasma membrane, endocytosis, and entry through ion channels and transporter proteins. Several important factors affect the interaction and cellular uptake of nanomaterials: size, shape, rigidity, surface properties, cell type, and endocytotic pathways. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of cell-nanomaterial interactions, and the various factors that influence these interactions. The importance of proper cell-nanomaterial interaction for medical research applications is also highlighted. The results summarized in this review may add new dimensions to our understanding of cell-nanomaterial interactions and their applications in therapeutic and diagnostic techniques for biomedical, academic, and industrial research.
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Cho SB, Han IK, Kim YY, Park SK, Hwang OH, Choi CW, Yang SH, Park KH, Choi DY, Yoo YH. Effect of lysine to digestible energy ratio on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2012; 25:1582-7. [PMID: 25049520 PMCID: PMC4093041 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of lysine (Lys) to DE ratio on growth performance, and carcass characterics in finishing barrows. Ninety six cross-bred finishing barrows ((Landrace×Yorkshire) ×Duroc, average BW 58.25±0.48 kg) were assigned as a randomized complete block design by 2 energy levels and 4 Lys:DE ratios on the basis of BW to one of 8 treatments with 3 replications with 4 animals per pen. The levels of DE and Lys:DE ratio for each treatment were i) DE 3.35 Mcal/kg, 1.5 g Lys/Mcal DE, ii) DE 3.35 Mcal/kg, 1.8 g Lys/Mcal DE, iii) DE 3.35 Mcal/kg, 2.1 g Lys/Mcal DE, iv) DE 3.35 Mcal/kg, 2.4 g Lys/Mcal DE, v) DE 3.60 Mcal/kg, 1.5 g Lys/Mcal DE, vi) DE 3.60 Mcal/kg, 1.8 g Lys/Mcal DE, vii) DE 3.60 Mcal/kg, 2.1 g Lys/Mcal DE, viii) DE 3.60 Mcal/kg, 2.4 g Lys/Mcal DE. During finishing period from 58 kg to 103 kg of BW, increased energy density in the diet increased (p<0.05) ADG and gain:feed ratio, but did not influence ADFI. As Lys:DE ratio was increased, ADG, ADFI and gain:feed ratio were improved in finishing barrows (p<0.05). There were positive interactions (p<0.05) between carcass weight, grade, and backfat thickness and energy density and Lys level (p<0.05). In conclusion, data from our current study suggest that maximum yields including ADG, gain:feed ratio, carcass weight and grade can be achieved by administrating finishing pigs with an ideal Lys:DE ratio, Lys 2.1 g/DE Mcal.
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Bousquet J, Schünemann HJ, Samolinski B, Demoly P, Baena-Cagnani CE, Bachert C, Bonini S, Boulet LP, Bousquet PJ, Brozek JL, Canonica GW, Casale TB, Cruz AA, Fokkens WJ, Fonseca JA, van Wijk RG, Grouse L, Haahtela T, Khaltaev N, Kuna P, Lockey RF, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Mullol J, Naclerio R, O'Hehir RE, Ohta K, Palkonen S, Papadopoulos NG, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Price D, Ryan D, Simons FER, Togias A, Williams D, Yorgancioglu A, Yusuf OM, Aberer W, Adachi M, Agache I, Aït-Khaled N, Akdis CA, Andrianarisoa A, Annesi-Maesano I, Ansotegui IJ, Baiardini I, Bateman ED, Bedbrook A, Beghé B, Beji M, Bel EH, Ben Kheder A, Bennoor KS, Bergmann KC, Berrissoul F, Bieber T, Bindslev Jensen C, Blaiss MS, Boner AL, Bouchard J, Braido F, Brightling CE, Bush A, Caballero F, Calderon MA, Calvo MA, Camargos PAM, Caraballo LR, Carlsen KH, Carr W, Cepeda AM, Cesario A, Chavannes NH, Chen YZ, Chiriac AM, Chivato Pérez T, Chkhartishvili E, Ciprandi G, Costa DJ, Cox L, Custovic A, Dahl R, Darsow U, De Blay F, Deleanu D, Denburg JA, Devillier P, Didi T, Dokic D, Dolen WK, Douagui H, Dubakiene R, Durham SR, Dykewicz MS, El-Gamal Y, El-Meziane A, Emuzyte R, Fiocchi A, Fletcher M, Fukuda T, Gamkrelidze A, Gereda JE, González Diaz S, Gotua M, Guzmán MA, Hellings PW, Hellquist-Dahl B, Horak F, Hourihane JO, Howarth P, Humbert M, Ivancevich JC, Jackson C, Just J, Kalayci O, Kaliner MA, Kalyoncu AF, Keil T, Keith PK, Khayat G, Kim YY, Koffi N'goran B, Koppelman GH, Kowalski ML, Kull I, Kvedariene V, Larenas-Linnemann D, Le LT, Lemière C, Li J, Lieberman P, Lipworth B, Mahboub B, Makela MJ, Martin F, Marshall GD, Martinez FD, Masjedi MR, Maurer M, Mavale-Manuel S, Mazon A, Melen E, Meltzer EO, Mendez NH, Merk H, Mihaltan F, Mohammad Y, Morais-Almeida M, Muraro A, Nafti S, Namazova-Baranova L, Nekam K, Neou A, Niggemann B, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Nyembue TD, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Orru MP, Ouedraogo S, Ozdemir C, Panzner P, Pali-Schöll I, Park HS, Pigearias B, Pohl W, Popov TA, Postma DS, Potter P, Rabe KF, Ratomaharo J, Reitamo S, Ring J, Roberts R, Rogala B, Romano A, Roman Rodriguez M, Rosado-Pinto J, Rosenwasser L, Rottem M, Sanchez-Borges M, Scadding GK, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sheikh A, Sisul JC, Solé D, Sooronbaev T, Spicak V, Spranger O, Stein RT, Stoloff SW, Sunyer J, Szczeklik A, Todo-Bom A, Toskala E, Tremblay Y, Valenta R, Valero AL, Valeyre D, Valiulis A, Valovirta E, Van Cauwenberge P, Vandenplas O, van Weel C, Vichyanond P, Viegi G, Wang DY, Wickman M, Wöhrl S, Wright J, Yawn BP, Yiallouros PK, Zar HJ, Zernotti ME, Zhong N, Zidarn M, Zuberbier T, Burney PG, Johnston SL, Warner JO. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA): achievements in 10 years and future needs. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:1049-62. [PMID: 23040884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent global health problems for all age groups. Asthma and rhinitis frequently coexist in the same subjects. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) was initiated during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999 (published in 2001). ARIA has reclassified AR as mild/moderate-severe and intermittent/persistent. This classification closely reflects patients' needs and underlines the close relationship between rhinitis and asthma. Patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals are confronted with various treatment choices for the management of AR. This contributes to considerable variation in clinical practice, and worldwide, patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals are faced with uncertainty about the relative merits and downsides of the various treatment options. In its 2010 Revision, ARIA developed clinical practice guidelines for the management of AR and asthma comorbidities based on the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. ARIA is disseminated and implemented in more than 50 countries of the world. Ten years after the publication of the ARIA World Health Organization workshop report, it is important to make a summary of its achievements and identify the still unmet clinical, research, and implementation needs to strengthen the 2011 European Union Priority on allergy and asthma in children.
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Bousquet J, Schünemann HJ, Zuberbier T, Bachert C, Baena-Cagnani CE, Bousquet PJ, Brozek J, Canonica GW, Casale TB, Demoly P, Gerth van Wijk R, Ohta K, Bateman ED, Calderon M, Cruz AA, Dolen WK, Haughney J, Lockey RF, Lötvall J, O'Byrne P, Spranger O, Togias A, Bonini S, Boulet LP, Camargos P, Carlsen KH, Chavannes NH, Delgado L, Durham SR, Fokkens WJ, Fonseca J, Haahtela T, Kalayci O, Kowalski ML, Larenas-Linnemann D, Li J, Mohammad Y, Mullol J, Naclerio R, O'Hehir RE, Papadopoulos N, Passalacqua G, Rabe KF, Pawankar R, Ryan D, Samolinski B, Simons FER, Valovirta E, Yorgancioglu A, Yusuf OM, Agache I, Aït-Khaled N, Annesi-Maesano I, Beghe B, Ben Kheder A, Blaiss MS, Boakye DA, Bouchard J, Burney PG, Busse WW, Chan-Yeung M, Chen Y, Chuchalin AG, Costa DJ, Custovic A, Dahl R, Denburg J, Douagui H, Emuzyte R, Grouse L, Humbert M, Jackson C, Johnston SL, Kaliner MA, Keith PK, Kim YY, Klossek JM, Kuna P, Le LT, Lemiere C, Lipworth B, Mahboub B, Malo JL, Marshall GD, Mavale-Manuel S, Meltzer EO, Morais-Almeida M, Motala C, Naspitz C, Nekam K, Niggemann B, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Okamoto Y, Orru MP, Ouedraogo S, Palkonen S, Popov TA, Price D, Rosado-Pinto J, Scadding GK, Sooronbaev TM, Stoloff SW, Toskala E, van Cauwenberge P, Vandenplas O, van Weel C, Viegi G, Virchow JC, Wang DY, Wickman M, Williams D, Yawn BP, Zar HJ, Zernotti M, Zhong N. Development and implementation of guidelines in allergic rhinitis – an ARIA-GA2LEN paper. Allergy 2010; 65:1212-21. [PMID: 20887423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The links between asthma and rhinitis are well characterized. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines stress the importance of these links and provide guidance for their prevention and treatment. Despite effective treatments being available, too few patients receive appropriate medical care for both diseases. Most patients with rhinitis and asthma consult primary care physicians and therefore these physicians are encouraged to understand and use ARIA guidelines. Patients should also be informed about these guidelines to raise their awareness of optimal care and increase control of the two related diseases. To apply these guidelines, clinicians and patients need to understand how and why the recommendations were made. The goal of the ARIA guidelines is to provide recommendations about the best management options for most patients in most situations. These recommendations should be based on the best available evidence. Making recommendations requires the assessment of the quality of available evidence, deciding on the balance between benefits and downsides, consideration of patients’ values and preferences, and, if applicable, resource implications. Guidelines must be updated as new management options become available or important new evidence emerges. Transparent reporting of guidelines facilitates understanding and acceptance, but implementation strategies need to be improved.
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Lee SH, Yoo KH, Sung KW, Koo HH, Kwon YJ, Kwon MM, Park HJ, Park BK, Kim YY, Park JA, Im HJ, Seo JJ, Kang HJ, Shin HY, Ahn HS. Hepatic veno-occlusive disease in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 45:1287-93. [PMID: 20010866 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Four hundred and sixty-seven hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs) (217 autologous and 250 allogeneic HSCT) were performed in 374 children at four pediatric HSCT centers in Korea from January 2005 to December 2007. Among 467 transplants, veno-occlusive disease (VOD) developed in 72 transplants (15.4%) at a median of 10 days after HSCT. Multivariate analysis showed that BU or TBI-containing regimen (P=0.002), VOD prophylaxis without lipo-prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) (P=0.012), number of previous HSCT (P=0.014), and pretransplant serum ferritin (P=0.018) were independent risk factors for developing VOD. Mean serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in HSCT with VOD (2109.6+/-2842.5 ng/ml) than in HSCT without VOD (1315.9+/-1094.4 ng/ml) (P<0.001). The relative risk of death within 100 days of HSCT in transplants with VOD compared with transplants without VOD was 3.39 (confidence interval: 1.78-6.45). Our results suggest that lipo-PGE1 might have a protective effect against the development of VOD, and pretransplant serum ferritin could act as a risk factor for VOD. A larger prospective study is needed to confirm a possible role of lipo-PGE1 and iron chelation therapy in reducing the incidence of VOD.
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Nam YJ, Choi YM, Lee SH, Choe JH, Jeong DW, Kim YY, Kim BC. Sensory evaluations of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle: Relationships with postmortem meat quality traits and muscle fiber characteristics. Meat Sci 2009; 83:731-6. [PMID: 20416630 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate sensory evaluations and their relationships with meat quality measurements and histochemical characteristics in both fresh and cooked pork. Based on the results, postmortem meat quality traits were closely related to almost all the evaluated sensory attributes. With regard to histochemical characteristics, muscle fiber area was related to both fresh- (r=0.18, P<0.05) and cooked-meat color (r=-0.24, P<0.01) as well as abnormal flavor intensity (r=0.25, P<0.01), and muscle fiber composition was associated with fresh pork color and taste acceptability after cooking. There were no significant relationships (P>0.05) between type IIa muscle fiber content and the evaluated sensory attributes; however, good meat sensory quality was partially explained by the percentage of type I fiber.
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Choe JH, Choi YM, Lee SH, Nam YJ, Jung YC, Park HC, Kim YY, Kim BC. The relation of blood glucose level to muscle fiber characteristics and pork quality traits. Meat Sci 2009; 83:62-7. [PMID: 20416649 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between blood glucose level, muscle fiber characteristics, and pork quality. Muscle samples were classified into three groups based on blood glucose level measured at slaughter. Pigs with higher area percentages of fiber type IIB showed higher blood glucose levels compared to pigs with lower area percentages of fiber type IIB. The high blood glucose level group presented lower pH values at 45min and 24h postmortem, and also had higher L(∗) values and reduced water holding capacity. In addition, blood glucose level had a negative relationship with pH(45min) and the solubility of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins, whereas it had a positive relationship with drip loss and filter-paper fluid uptake. In conclusion, blood glucose level was related to muscle fiber area composition and could partially indicate ultimate pork quality.
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Wiseman TG, Mahan DC, Moeller SJ, Peters JC, Fastinger ND, Ching S, Kim YY. Phenotypic measurements and various indices of lean and fat tissue development in barrows and gilts of two genetic lines from twenty to one hundred twenty-five kilograms of body weight1,2. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:1816-24. [PMID: 17400970 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two genetic lines with different lean gains were evaluated for various body measurements and indices of lean tissue in barrows and gilts from 20 to 125 kg of BW. One genetic line was identified as the low-lean line [280 g of fat-free lean (FFL)/d], and the second line was the high-lean line (375 FFL gained/d). The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design using a 2 x 2 x 5 factorial arrangement of treatments in 6 replicates (n = 120 pigs). The 2 genetic lines and sexes were provided ad libitum access to cornsoybean mixtures that met or exceeded their required amino acid requirements for their respective lean gain potentials. Six pigs of each sex and genetic line were slaughtered initially and at 25-kg of BW intervals to 125 kg of BW. Pigs slaughtered were measured for height, width, and length using metal calipers. Backfat and LM area were measured using real-time ultrasound, with backfat depth also measured using A-mode ultrasound technology. Longissimus muscle area and back-fat thickness at the 10th rib were measured on the chilled carcass. Data was analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, with the animal as the experimental unit. Shoulders (P < 0.05) and lumbars (P < 0.05) were wider in the low-lean genetic line and in barrows. Gilts and the high-lean genetic line had less backfat and greater LM areas than the low-lean genetic line. As BW increased, there was a greater increase in FFL tissue and lower backfat depths in the high-lean vs. the low-lean genetic line. This resulted in a greater divergence of measurement values as BW increased. Femur weight, length, and cortical wall thickness were greater in the high-lean genetic line, but the differences were not significant. The high-lean genetic line had a greater (P < 0.01) organic matrix content in the femur and less ash, resulting in a lower percentage of bone ash (P < 0.01). The results indicate that differences occurred phenotypically between pigs having more muscle (wider hams) or more fat (wider shoulder and lumbar). As BW increased, the high-lean pigs had an increase in lean tissue, particularly after 75 kg of BW, and less backfat and less bone mineralization, whereas the low-lean line pigs had increased backfat and greater bone mineralization. Real-time ultrasound measurements using various formulas to estimate lean tissue produced values close to those determined from carcass measurements at 100 and 125 kg of BW.
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Wiseman TG, Mahan DC, Peters JC, Fastinger ND, Ching S, Kim YY. Tissue weights and body composition of two genetic lines of barrows and gilts from twenty to one hundred twenty-five kilograms of body weight1,2. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:1825-35. [PMID: 17400965 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrows and gilts of 2 genetic lines with differing lean gain potentials (high-lean = 375 g of fat-free lean/d; low-lean = 280 g of fat-free lean/d) were used to determine tissue and organ weights and compositions from 20 to 125 kg of BW. The experiment was a 2 (genetic line) x 2 (sex) x 5 (BW) factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely randomized design conducted with 2 groups of pigs in 6 replicates (n = 120 pigs). Six pigs from each sex and genetic line were slaughtered at 20 kg of BW and at 25 kg of BW intervals to 125 kg of BW. At slaughter, the internal tissues and organs were weighed. Loin and ham muscles were dissected from the carcass and trimmed of skin and external fat, and the ham was deboned. Residuals from the loin and ham were combined with the remaining carcass. Body components were ground, and their compositions were determined. The results demonstrated that tissue weights increased (P < 0.01) as BW increased. Loin and ham muscle weights increased but at a greater rate in the high-lean line and in gilts resulting in genetic line x BW and sex x BW interactions (P < 0.01). Liver and heart expressed on a BW or a percentage of empty BW basis increased at a greater rate in the high-lean line resulting in a genetic line x BW interaction (P < 0.01). Liver and intestinal tract weights were heavier in barrows than in gilts, significant only at 45 (P < 0.05), 75 (P < 0.01), and 100 (P < 0.05) kg of BW. Loin and ham muscles from the high-lean genetic line and gilts had greater (P < 0.01) water, protein, and ash contents compared with the low-lean genetic line and barrows resulting in genetic line x BW and sex x BW interactions (P < 0.01). The remaining carcass (minus loin and ham muscles) had greater (P < 0.01) amounts of water and protein, and less (P < 0.01) fat in the high-lean genetic line and gilts. The high-lean genetic line and gilts had more total body water, protein, and ash, but less body fat, with these differences diverging as BW increased, resulting in a genetic line x BW interaction (P < 0.01). The results indicated that liver and heart weights were greater in high-lean pigs, reflecting the greater amino acid metabolism, whereas the liver and intestinal tract weights were greater in barrow than gilts, reflecting their greater feed intakes and metabolism of total nutrients consumed.
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Kang HR, Yim EY, Oh SY, Chang YS, Kim YK, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY. Normal C1 inhibitor mRNA expression level in type I hereditary angioedema patients: newly found C1 inhibitor gene mutations. Allergy 2006; 61:260-4. [PMID: 16409206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01010.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH) plays a key role in the classical pathway of the complement cascade. Mutations in this gene cause a decreased level of antigenic (type I hereditary angioedema, HAE) or functional (type II HAE) C1INH. OBJECTIVE To find novel mutations in C1INH and evaluate the expression of C1INH gene in HAE patients. METHODS Direct sequencing mutation analysis was performed for genomic DNA from three unrelated families (14 HAE patients and 18 family members). Genomic DNA from one family was also analyzed for larger genomic rearrangements, using Southern blotting analysis. We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to evaluate C1INH mRNA expression level. RESULTS Four mutations in exons (2,311 T-->C, 14,034 G-->A, 16,830 G-->A, and 16,979-16,980 G insertion) and four in introns (738 G-->A, 8,531 A-->G, 14,254 A-->G, and 14,337-14,378 TT deletion) were found. Interestingly, all of the nine patients in one family share the same mutation of Gly345Arg (14,034 G-->A) in the seventh exon. In another family, a single base mutation near the splice site (14,254 A-->G) was found in all of the three patients. In the last family, although a significant mutation was not found by direct sequencing, patients showed an abnormal 16 kb fragment in addition to the normal allele (21 kb Bcl I fragment). The C1INH mRNA expression of HAE patients in two families was not significantly different compared with that of normal controls. CONCLUSION The two novel exonal mutations (G-->A and A-->G) and one large gene deletion were associated with the clinical phenotypes of HAE. Considering the normal C1INH mRNA levels but below normal protein levels in two families, their phenotypes would be associated with the post-translational defect.
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Kim YK, Kim SH, Tak YJ, Jee YK, Lee BJ, Kim SH, Park HW, Jung JW, Bahn JW, Chang YS, Choi DC, Chang SI, Min KU, Kim YY, Cho SH. High prevalence of current asthma and active smoking effect among the elderly. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32:1706-12. [PMID: 12653160 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although asthma is a common cause of morbidity in adults, relatively few objectively measured population studies of asthma prevalence in adult populations have been conducted. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of asthma, based on both a questionnaire and methacholine bronchial provocation test, and to determine the risk factors of asthma prevalence in an adult population. METHODS A total of 2,467 adults, who were randomly selected from metropolitan urban, non-metropolitan urban and rural areas, responded to the modified ISAAC questionnaire, and underwent methacholine bronchial provocation tests and skin prick tests to locally common aeroallergens. RESULTS The prevalence of current asthma based on the questionnaire and the methacholine challenge was 2.0% in adults younger than 40, 3.8% in 40- to 54-year-olds, 7.7% in 55- to 64-year-olds and 12.7% in those aged 65 or higher. For subjects of 55-64 years, active smoking was found to be significantly related with the prevalence of current asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness, although smoking was positively associated with percentage predictive value of forced expiratory volume of 1 s (FEV1). CONCLUSION The prevalence of current asthma is common among the elderly, and active smoking may play an important role in the development of asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness among the elderly.
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Park SJ, Kim YY, Ju JW, Han BG, Park SI, Park BJ. Alternative splicing variants of c-FLIP transduce the differential signal through the Raf or TRAF2 in TNF-induced cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 289:1205-10. [PMID: 11741321 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In human cancer, despite apoptotic activity, death-ligand promotes the cell cycle progression under certain conditions. In this study, we demonstrated that TNF-alpha-induced cell proliferation is achieved through the c-FLIP. In addition, alternative splicing variants (c-FLIP(L) and c-FLIP(S)) contribute the TNF-alpha-induced cell cycle promotion through distinct pathways. The long form of c-FLIP (c-FLIP(L)) activates the Raf, which enhance the activity of Erk and PI3K, whereas short form (c-FLIPS) are activated by c-jun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK) through the TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 2. Since, however, recruitment of c-FLIP(L) into FADD is later than that of c-FLIP(S), the activation of PI3K and Erk show the late response to activation of JNK. We also show that each c-FLIP variant is regulated by a distinct molecular mechanism at the transcriptional level; c-FLIP(L) is induced by Erk, whereas c-FLIP(S), through the JNK activation, is like an autocrine regulatory loop. Therefore, the induction of c-FLIP(L) in response to TNF-alpha is achieved in a more delayed manner than that of c-FLIP(S). Our present study also implies that other alternative splicing variants perform differential roles in spite of the same pathway.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dyspnea and palpitation are common features of pregnancy. While several theories have been put forward to explain the etiology of gestational dyspnea and palpitation, there have been few systemic studies of its incidence, severity and time-course in a group of normal women. METHODS We interviewed postpartum women, within 3 days after delivery, about dyspnea and palpitation. Separately from this interview, we performed 24-hour ECG monitoring for obstetric patients with palpitation before delivery. RESULTS The subjects interviewed were 261 women, of whom 37.5 percent and 11.5 percent experienced dyspnea and palpitation, respectively. These symptoms had tendency to increase to term. The presence of arrhythmias could be documented in only 22% of patients having 24-hour Holter monitoring. CONCLUSION Dyspnea and palpitation were common among normal pregnant women and had a tendency to increase to term.
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Kim SH, Lee BJ, Chang YS, Kim YK, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY. A case of hereditary angioedema associated with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Korean J Intern Med 2001; 16:281-3. [PMID: 11855162 PMCID: PMC4578060 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2001.16.4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary angioedema is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by the edema of subcutaneous tissues, respiratory tract and bowel. It is caused by the deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor. Hereditary angioedema may be associated with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis and glomerulonephritis. We report a 34-year-old male patient with hereditary angioedema who developed idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Autoimmunity seems to be an important basis of this association and it might be caused by the immune dysfunction due to decreased level of complements; nevertheless, a casual association could not be excluded. To our knowledge, this is the first report of hereditary angioedema in association with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in the medical literature.
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Kim YY, Ahn JY, Sung YB, Ko CU, Shim JC, Park HS, Bai GH. Long-term results of Charnley low-friction arthroplasty in tuberculosis of the hip. J Arthroplasty 2001; 16:106-10. [PMID: 11742460 DOI: 10.1054/arth.2001.28720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported 8 to 13 years of follow-up of cases of tuberculosis of the hip previously. Now we report on 60 cases of hip tuberculosis treated with total hip arthroplasty. The results have been reasonably acceptable, with the longest follow-up >28 years. Prosthetic life was limited to at most 20 years in our longest cases mainly because of loss of fixation of the acetabular component. There were recurrences of tuberculosis in 5 hips. We confirmed that antituberculous chemotherapy is crucial in total hip arthroplasty reconstruction. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using polymerase chain reaction may provide rapid diagnosis and follow-up for treatment response.
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Shin DH, Kim YY, Ginde SY, Kim PH, Eliassi-Rad B, Khatana AK, Keole NS. Risk factors for failure of 5-fluorouracil needling revision for failed conjunctival filtration blebs. Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 132:875-80. [PMID: 11730652 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(01)01232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the risk factors for failure of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) needling revision, a useful procedure for restoring a failed filtration bleb. DESIGN Interventional case series. METHODS Retrospectively conducted study. SETTING Institutional. STUDY POPULATION Sixty-four eyes of 64 consecutive glaucoma patients that underwent 5-FU needling revisions for failed filtering bleb following either trabeculectomy or phaco-trabeculectomy with or without adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC). OBSERVATION PROCEDURES Goldmann applanation tonometry, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Successful outcome of the initial 5-FU needling revision, arbitrarily defined as target intraocular pressure (IOP) control with not more than two topical glaucoma medications and no additional 5-FU needling or other surgical procedures, was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and risk factors for failure of the initial 5-FU needling revision were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS The cumulative success rate of the initial 5-FU needling revision was 45% at 1 year, 33% at 2 years, and 28% at 4 years. Failure of the initial 5-FU revision correlated significantly with preneedling IOP > 30 mm Hg (P =.0003), lack of MMC use during the previous filtration surgery (P =.013), and IOP >10 mm Hg immediately following needling revision (P =.0012) according to Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Pre-needling IOP > 30 mm Hg, lack of MMC use during the previous filtration surgery, and IOP > 10 mm Hg immediately after needling were found to be significant risk factors for failure of the initial 5-FU needling procedure. Therefore, it is important to monitor IOP closely following needling revision in those patients with such risk factors. They are more likely to require additional therapeutic interventions, including repeat needling revisions.
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Park SJ, Kim YY, Lim JY, Seo GJ, Kim J, Park SI, Park BJ. Opposite role of Ras in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell cycle regulation: competition for Raf kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 287:1140-7. [PMID: 11587542 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ras, a well-known oncogene, induces cell cycle stimulation through the Raf/Erk pathway and leads to cellular transformation, accompanied by other oncogenes such as c-myc and viral oncogenic protein. Here we suggest the interfering role of Ras in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced cell cycle regulation. In TSU-Pr1 and T24 (oncogenic Ras cell lines), TNF-alpha suppresses cell cycle progression without induction of apoptosis, whereas AGS (wild-type Ras) is stimulated in its cell cycle by TNF-alpha coupled with activation of Erk. However, in TSU-Pr1 and T24, TNF-alpha leads to dephosphorylation of Erk1/2. Inhibition or activation of Ras can restore or convert TNF-alpha-induced cell cycle regulation in the cell lines containing the oncogenic Ras (TSU-Pr1 and T24) or AGS, respectively. Regulation of Erk also shows the coincidental pattern. We suggest the competition between the Ras pathway and TNF signaling for the binding to Raf, a common downstream target, as the cause of such reciprocal response, based on co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) with antibodies against Raf and Ras or cellular Flice-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), which have been recently identified upstream of Raf in death-ligand-induced cell cycle stimulation. Overexpression of Raf in TSU-Pr1, to reduce the competition, overcomes TNF-induced cell cycle arrest, also supporting our hypotheses.
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Park Y, Chang YS, Lee SW, Cho SY, Kim YK, Min KU, Kim YY, Cho SH, Sung YC. The enhanced effect of a hexameric deoxyriboguanosine run conjugation to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on protection against allergic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108:570-6. [PMID: 11590383 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.118517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligodeoxynucleotides containing a CpG motif (CpG ODNs), as potent inducers of T(H)1 immunity, are considered promising candidates for immune modulation in asthma. We have previously demonstrated that conjugation of a hexameric deoxyriboguanosine run to the 3' terminus (3' dG(6)-run) of phosphodiester (PE) CpG ODNs enhanced their immuno-stimulatory activities in vitro. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 3' dG(6)-run conjugation to PE or phosphorothioate (PS) CpG ODNs on protection against murine allergic asthma in vivo. METHODS Balb/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin by intraperitoneal injection with or without CpG ODNs (PS CpG ODNs, PE CpG ODNs, and those with 3' dG(6)-run) and subsequently challenged with ovalbumin. We evaluated airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil proportion in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, airway inflammation, and ovalbumin-specific antibody responses. RESULTS The conjugation of a 3' dG(6)-run to PE CpG ODNs enhanced the production of IFN-gamma from ovalbumin-specific T(H) cells and prevented the development of asthma in terms of airway hyperresponsiveness, airway eosinophilia, and ovalbumin-specific IgE responses; these effects were comparable to those of PS CpG ODNs. Enhanced effects of the 3' dG(6)-run were also observed in PS CpG ODNs, though they were lower than those in PE CpG ODNs. CONCLUSION This study suggests that conjugation of a 3' dG(6)-run to CpG ODNs might provide an effective method for immune modulation of allergic asthma.
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Kim HR, Kim SY, Kim DJ, Kim YY, Park SK, Chae JH, Kim KS, Lee KH, Lee SH. Spatio-temporal pattern of EEG in young brain respiration-training children. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2001; 29:23-35. [PMID: 11321478 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the effect of 'Brain Respiration' training on brain activity using Karhunen-Loeve (KL) decomposition as a method for spatio-temporal analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG). BR training is a form of breath-work to optimize the function of the brain by concentrating Qi energy in the brain. Recently, BR-training has been reported to improve emotional maturity (i.e., EQ), short-term memory and intuition (Yoo et al., 1998). EEG data were taken during BR-training from 12 young BR-trainees (average age: 9.4 years) who had trained for 4 to 14 months, and during relaxation from age matched non-trained children. Spatio-temporal analysis showed a significant difference of EEG dynamics in right prefrontal, right inferior frontal, posterior temporal, parietal and occipital areas between BR-trainees and the control group. Amplitude of eigenvector components of BR-trainees in the areas of frontal, temporal and occipital cortex was larger than that of non-trained children (values were smaller in parietal cortex), with remarkably high amplitude alpha coherence all over the scalp. These results suggest that BR-training possibly activates brain function through changes in the activity of the frontal association area where higher mental integration and creative activities are mediated.
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Abstract
Retinal vascular lesions are the most common ophthalmologic manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), occurring in 3% to 29% of cases, generally late in the disease. More rare is the severe vaso-occlusive disease, often termed "retinal vasculitis", which includes central retinal artery occlusion, multifocal arteriolar occlusions, extensive capillary nonperfusion and central venous occlusion. Patients with SLE and raised serum concentrations of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) have a higher risk of developing occlusive ocular vascular disease. We report a case in which retinal involvement was an earlier manifestation of SLE in a patient without ACA.
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Kim YK, Oh SY, Jung JW, Min KU, Kim YY, Cho SH. IgE binding components in Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi-derived crude extracts and their cross-reactivity with domestic mites. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31:1457-63. [PMID: 11591197 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent investigation has revealed that spider mites such as Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi are important allergens in the development of occupational asthma among apple farmers. OBJECTIVE To evaluate IgE binding components in T. urticae and P. ulmi-derived crude extracts and their cross-reactivity with Panonychus citri, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in apple cultivating farmers. METHODS Thirty-one apple farmers with positive skin responses to T. urticae or P. ulmi were randomly recruited, and specific IgE levels in their sera were measured using ELISA. Cross-reactivity was evaluated by ELISA inhibition. IgE binding components were evaluated by IgE immunoblotting. RESULTS A total of 11 IgE binding components in T. urticae and 10 in P. ulmi were found. Among them, the 17 kDa, 27 kDa, 33 kDa, 37 kDa, 41 kDa, 56 kDa, and 75 kDa allergens in T. urticae, and the 33 kDa, 41 kDa, and 51 kDa allergens in P. ulmi were identified as dominant allergens. T. urticae-specific IgE binding was completely inhibited by 100 microg/mL of T. urticae (99.7%), but only partially inhibited by P. citri (83.0%), P. ulmi (71.6%), T. putrescentiae (69.7%), and D. pternonyssinus (60.1%). P. ulmi-specific IgE binding was completely inhibited by additions of P. citri (92.3%) and P. ulmi (91.2%), but only partially inhibited by the addition of T. urticae (61.5%), T. putrescentiae (57.7%), and D. pteronyssinus (54.4%). CONCLUSION There were seven dominant allergens found in T. urticae and three in P. ulmi. T. urticae- and P. ulmi-specific IgE bindings were partially inhibited by crude extracts derived from D. pteronyssinus and T. putrescentiae.
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Kim YK, Park HS, Kim HY, Jee YK, Son JW, Bae JM, Lee MH, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY. Citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) may be an important allergen in the development of asthma among exposed children. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31:582-9. [PMID: 11359426 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent investigations have demonstrated that spider mites are important allergens in the development of asthma in fruit-cultivating farmers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitization rate to the citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) in children living in rural areas, and to determine the allergenic cross-reactivity with other mites. METHODS A total of 7254 children (ages 7-15 years) living in rural areas were enrolled, and each subject was evaluated by a questionnaire and a skin prick test. Allergenic cross-reactivity was evaluated by ELISA inhibition tests. RESULTS The most common sensitizing allergens were house dust mites, followed by citrus red mite and cockroach. High serum-specific IgE bindings to the citrus red mite were detected in 21 of 100 randomly selected subjects. The prevalence of asthma was higher among those with positive skin responses to the citrus red mite than with negative skin responses to this mite. ELISA inhibition tests showed that IgE bindings to this mite were minimally inhibited with additions of domestic mites. CONCLUSION Spider mites such as the citrus red mite may be important outdoor allergens among children living in rural areas, and spider mite-derived allergens have unique allergenic determinants compared with domestic mites.
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