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Lu J, Jiang Z, Chen J, Xie M, Huang W, Li J, Zhuang C, Liu Z, Zheng S. SET DOMAIN GROUP 711-mediated H3K27me3 methylation of cytokinin metabolism genes regulates organ size in rice. Plant Physiol 2024; 194:2069-2085. [PMID: 37874747 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Organ size shapes plant architecture during rice (Oryza sativa) growth and development, affecting key factors influencing yield, such as plant height, leaf size, and seed size. Here, we report that the rice Enhancer of Zeste [E(z)] homolog SET DOMAIN GROUP 711 (OsSDG711) regulates organ size in rice. Knockout of OsSDG711 produced shorter plants with smaller leaves, thinner stems, and smaller grains. We demonstrate that OsSDG711 affects organ size by reducing cell length and width and increasing cell number in leaves, stems, and grains. The result of chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) using an antitrimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) antibody showed that the levels of H3K27me3 associated with cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase genes (OsCKXs) were lower in the OsSDG711 knockout line Ossdg711. ChIP-qPCR assays indicated that OsSDG711 regulates the expression of OsCKX genes through H3K27me3 histone modification. Importantly, we show that OsSDG711 directly binds to the promoters of these OsCKX genes. Furthermore, we measured significantly lower cytokinin contents in Ossdg711 plants than in wild-type plants. Overall, our results reveal an epigenetic mechanism based on OsSDG711-mediated modulation of H3K27me3 levels to regulate the expression of genes involved in the cytokinin metabolism pathway and control organ development in rice. OsSDG711 may be an untapped epigenetic resource for ideal plant type improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zuojie Jiang
- Pain and Related Disease Research Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Minyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenda Huang
- China Water Resources Pearl River Planning, Surveying & Designing Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chuxiong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenlan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaoyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Vicente MH, MacLeod K, Zhu F, Rafael DD, Figueira A, Fernie AR, Mohareb F, Kevei Z, Thompson AJ, Zsögön A, Peres LEP. The ORGAN SIZE (ORG) locus modulates both vegetative and reproductive gigantism in domesticated tomato. Ann Bot 2023; 132:1233-1248. [PMID: 37818893 PMCID: PMC10902882 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gigantism is a key component of the domestication syndrome, a suite of traits that differentiates crops from their wild relatives. Allometric gigantism is strongly marked in horticultural crops, causing disproportionate increases in the size of edible parts such as stems, leaves or fruits. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has attracted attention as a model for fruit gigantism, and many genes have been described controlling this trait. However, the genetic basis of a corresponding increase in size of vegetative organs contributing to isometric gigantism has remained relatively unexplored. METHODS Here, we identified a 0.4-Mb region on chromosome 7 in introgression lines (ILs) from the wild species Solanum pennellii in two different tomato genetic backgrounds (cv. 'M82' and cv. 'Micro-Tom') that controls vegetative and reproductive organ size in tomato. The locus, named ORGAN SIZE (ORG), was fine-mapped using genotype-by-sequencing. A survey of the literature revealed that ORG overlaps with previously mapped quantitative trait loci controlling tomato fruit weight during domestication. KEY RESULTS Alleles from the wild species led to lower cell number in different organs, which was partially compensated by greater cell expansion in leaves, but not in fruits. The result was a proportional reduction in leaf, flower and fruit size in the ILs harbouring the alleles from the wild species. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that selection for large fruit during domestication also tends to select for increases in leaf size by influencing cell division. Since leaf size is relevant for both source-sink balance and crop adaptation to different environments, the discovery of ORG could allow fine-tuning of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Henrique Vicente
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Kyle MacLeod
- Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Feng Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Diego D Rafael
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio Figueira
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), USP, Av. Centenário, 303, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fady Mohareb
- Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Zoltan Kevei
- Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Agustin Zsögön
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres
- Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Lee PF, Zhan YX, Wang JC, Cheng YH, Hsu WH, Hsu HF, Chen WH, Yang CH. The AtERF19 gene regulates meristem activity and flower organ size in plants. Plant J 2023; 114:1338-1352. [PMID: 36932949 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) have diverse functions in the regulation of various plant developmental processes. Here, we demonstrate the dual role of an Arabidopsis ERF gene, AtERF19, in regulating reproductive meristem activity and flower organ size through the regulation of genes involved in CLAVATA-WUSCHEL (CLV-WUS) and auxin signaling, respectively. We found that AtERF19 stimulated the formation of flower primordia and controlled the number of flowers produced by activating WUS and was negatively regulated by CLV3. 35S::AtERF19 expression resulted in significantly more flowers, whereas 35S::AtERF19 + SRDX dominant-negative mutants produced fewer flowers. In addition, AtERF19 also functioned to control flower organ size by promoting the division/expansion of the cells through activating Small Auxin Up RNA Gene 32 (SAUR32), which positively regulated MYB21/24 in the auxin signaling pathway. 35S::AtERF19 and 35S::SAUR32 resulted in similarly larger flowers, whereas 35S::AtERF19 + SRDX and 35S::SAUR32-RNAi mutants produced smaller flowers than the wild type. The functions of AtERF19 were confirmed by the production of similarly more and larger flowers in 35S::AtERF19 transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) and in transgenic Arabidopsis which ectopically expressed the orchid gene (Nicotiana benthamiana) PaERF19 than in wild-type plants. The finding that AtERF19 regulates genes involved in both CLV-WUS and auxin signaling during flower development significantly expands the current knowledge of the multifunctional evolution of ERF genes in plants. The results presented in this work indicate a dual role for the transcription factor AtERF19 in controlling the number of flowers produced and flower organ size through the regulation of genes involved in CLV-WUS and auxin signaling, respectively. Our findings expand the knowledge of the roles of ERF genes in the regulation of reproductive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Fang Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Xiang Zhan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Chen Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fun Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Han Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsien Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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Noroozian M, Kormi-Nouri R, Nyberg L, Persson J. Hippocampal and motor regions contribute to memory benefits after enacted encoding: cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:3080-3097. [PMID: 35802485 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological underpinnings of action-related episodic memory and how enactment contributes to efficient memory encoding are not well understood. We examine whether individual differences in level (n = 338) and 5-year change (n = 248) in the ability to benefit from motor involvement during memory encoding are related to gray matter (GM) volume, white matter (WM) integrity, and dopamine-regulating genes in a population-based cohort (age range = 25-80 years). A latent profile analysis identified 2 groups with similar performance on verbal encoding but with marked differences in the ability to benefit from motor involvement during memory encoding. Impaired ability to benefit from enactment was paired with smaller HC, parahippocampal, and putamen volume along with lower WM microstructure in the fornix. Individuals with reduced ability to benefit from encoding enactment over 5 years were characterized by reduced HC and motor cortex GM volume along with reduced WM microstructure in several WM tracts. Moreover, the proportion of catechol-O-methyltransferase-Val-carriers differed significantly between classes identified from the latent-profile analysis. These results provide converging evidence that individuals with low or declining ability to benefit from motor involvement during memory encoding are characterized by low and reduced GM volume in regions critical for memory and motor functions along with altered WM microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noroozian
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, South Kargar Str., Tehran 13185/1741, Iran
| | - Reza Kormi-Nouri
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro 702 81, Sweden
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiology, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Jonas Persson
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Center for Lifespan Developmental Research (LEADER), Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro 702 81, Sweden
- Aging Research Center (ARC), Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Solna 171 65, Sweden
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Zheng G, Hu S, Cheng S, Wang L, Kan L, Wang Z, Xu Q, Liu Z, Kang C. Factor of DNA methylation 1 affects woodland strawberry plant stature and organ size via DNA methylation. Plant Physiol 2023; 191:335-351. [PMID: 36200851 PMCID: PMC9806633 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is an epigenetic process that directs silencing to specific genomic regions and loci. The biological functions of RdDM are not well studied in horticultural plants. Here, we isolated the ethyl methane-sulfonate-induced mutant reduced organ size (ros) producing small leaves, flowers, and fruits in woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) due to reduced cell numbers compared with that in the wild-type (WT). The candidate mutation causes a premature stop codon in FvH4_6g28780, which shares high similarity to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Factor of DNA Methylation1 (FDM1) encoding an RdDM pathway component and was named FveFDM1. Consistently, the fvefdm1CR mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 also produced smaller organs. Overexpressing FveFDM1 in an Arabidopsis fdm1-1 fdm2-1 double mutant restored DNA methylation at the RdDM target loci. FveFDM1 acts in a protein complex with its homolog Involved in De Novo 2 (FveIDN2). Furthermore, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that DNA methylation, especially in the CHH context, was remarkably reduced throughout the genome in fvefdm1. Common and specific differentially expressed genes were identified in different tissues of fvefdm1 compared to in WT tissues. DNA methylation and expression levels of several gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis and cell cycle genes were validated. Moreover, the contents of GA and auxin were substantially reduced in the young leaves of fvefdm1 compared to in the WT. However, exogenous application of GA and auxin could not recover the organ size of fvefdm1. In addition, expression levels of FveFDM1, FveIDN2, Nuclear RNA Polymerase D1 (FveNRPD1), Domains Rearranged Methylase 2 (FveDRM2), and cell cycle genes were greatly induced by GA treatment. Overall, our work demonstrated the critical roles of FveFDM1 in plant growth and development via RdDM-mediated DNA methylation in horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shaoqiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Simin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Kan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhengming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhongchi Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, Mary land 20742, USA
| | - Chunying Kang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zhu Q, Yao S, Dong Y, Liu D, Wang H, Jiang P, Dai C, Lv H, Cao C, Zhou Z, Wang L, Gou W, Zhang X, Zhao G, Hu Y. Down-regulation of PBK inhibits proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells in thin endometrium. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:25. [PMID: 35105354 PMCID: PMC8809007 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thin endometrium (TE) is a challenging clinical issue in the reproductive medicine characterized by inadequate endometrial thickness, poor response to estrogen and no effective treatments currently. At present, the precise pathogenesis of thin endometria remains to be elucidated. We aimed to explore the related molecular mechanism of TE by comparing the transcriptome profiles of late-proliferative phase endometria between TE and matched controls. METHODS We performed a bulk RNA-Seq (RNA-sequencing) of endometrial tissues in the late-proliferative phase in 7 TE and 7 matched controls for the first time. Differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology enrichment analysis and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network analysis were performed. Immunohistochemistry was used for molecular expression and localization in endometria. Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were isolated and cultured for verifying the functions of hub gene. RESULTS Integrative data mining of our RNA-seq data in endometria revealed that most genes related to cell division and cell cycle were significantly inhibited, while inflammation activation, immune response and reactive oxygen species associated genes were upregulated in TE. PBK was identified as a hub of PPIs network, and its expression level was decreased by 2.43-fold in endometria of TE patients, particularly reduced in the stromal cells, which was paralleled by the decreased expression of Ki67. In vitro experiments showed that the depletion of PBK reduced the proliferation of HESCs by 50% and increased the apoptosis of HESCs by 1 time, meanwhile PBK expression was inhibited by oxidative stress (reduced by 76.2%), hypoxia (reduced by 51.9%) and inflammatory factors (reduced by approximately 50%). These results suggested that the insufficient expression of PBK was involved in the poor endometrial thickness in TE. CONCLUSIONS The endometrial transcriptome in late-proliferative phase showed suppressed cell proliferation in women with thin endometria and decreased expression of PBK in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs), to which inflammation and reactive oxygen species contributed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Simin Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yishan Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Peipei Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyan Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Haining Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenrui Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wenjing Gou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangfeng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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Wu B, Ruan C, Shah AH, Li D, Li H, Ding J, Li J, Du W. Identification of miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Modules Involved in Lipid Metabolism and Seed Development in a Woody Oil Tree ( Camellia oleifera). Cells 2021; 11:cells11010071. [PMID: 35011633 PMCID: PMC8750442 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera), an important woody oil tree, is a source of seed oil of high nutritional and medicinal value that is widely planted in southern China. However, there is no report on the identification of the miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and seed development in the high- and low-oil cultivars of tea oil camellia. Thus, we explored the roles of miRNAs in the key periods of oil formation and accumulation in the seeds of tea oil camellia and identified miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules involved in lipid metabolism and seed development. Sixteen small RNA libraries for four development stages of seed oil biosynthesis in high- and low-oil cultivars were constructed. A total of 196 miRNAs, including 156 known miRNAs from 35 families, and 40 novel miRNAs were identified, and 55 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were found, which included 34 upregulated miRNAs, and 21 downregulated miRNAs. An integrated analysis of the miRNA and mRNA transcriptome sequence data revealed that 10 miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules were related to lipid metabolism; for example, the regulatory modules of ath-miR858b–MYB82/MYB3/MYB44 repressed seed oil biosynthesis, and a regulation module of csi-miR166e-5p–S-ACP-DES6 was involved in the formation and accumulation of oleic acid. A total of 23 miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules were involved in the regulation of the seed size, such as the regulatory module of hpe-miR162a_L-2–ARF19, involved in early seed development. A total of 12 miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules regulating growth and development were identified, such as the regulatory modules of han-miR156a_L+1–SPL4/SBP2, promoting early seed development. The expression changes of six miRNAs and their target genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR, and the targeting relationship of the cpa-miR393_R-1–AFB2 regulatory module was verified by luciferase assays. These data provide important theoretical values and a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of new cultivars of tea oil camellia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
| | - Chengjiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-411-87652536
| | - Asad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli 11100, Pakistan;
| | - Denghui Li
- Guizhou Wulingshan Youcha Technology Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tongren 554300, China;
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
| | - Jian Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
| | - Jingbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China; (B.W.); (H.L.); (J.D.); (J.L.); (W.D.)
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Tan X, Liu L, Liu X, Cui H, Liu R, Zhao G, Wen J. Large-Scale Whole Genome Sequencing Study Reveals Genetic Architecture and Key Variants for Breast Muscle Weight in Native Chickens. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010003. [PMID: 35052342 PMCID: PMC8774586 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast muscle weight (BrW) is one of the most important economic traits in chicken, and directional breeding for that results in both phenotypic and genetic changes. The Jingxing yellow chicken, including an original (without human-driven selection) line and a selected line (based on selection for increased intramuscular fat content), were used to dissect the genetic architecture and key variants associated with BrW. We detected 1069 high-impact single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with high conserved score and significant frequency difference between two lines. Based on the annotation result, the ECM-receptor interaction and fatty acid biosynthesis were enriched, and muscle-related genes, including MYOD1, were detected. By performing genome-wide association study for the BrW trait, we defined a major haplotype and two conserved SNPs that affected BrW. By integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis, IGF2BP1 was identified as the crucial gene associated with BrW. In conclusion, these results offer a new insight into chicken directional selection and provide target genetic markers by which to improve chicken BrW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311302, China;
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Huanxian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ranran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.T.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (R.L.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Lahav R, Haim Y, Bhandarkar NS, Levin L, Chalifa-Caspi V, Sarver D, Sahagun A, Maixner N, Kovesh B, Wong GW, Rudich A. CTRP6 rapidly responds to acute nutritional changes, regulating adipose tissue expansion and inflammation in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E702-E713. [PMID: 34632797 PMCID: PMC8799396 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00299.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In chronic obesity, activated adipose tissue proinflammatory cascades are tightly linked to metabolic dysfunction. Yet, close temporal analyses of the responses to obesogenic environment such as high-fat feeding (HFF) in susceptible mouse strains question the causal relationship between inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, and/or raises the possibility that certain inflammatory cascades play adaptive/homeostatic, rather than pathogenic roles. Here, we hypothesized that CTRP6, a C1QTNF family member, may constitute an early responder to acute nutritional changes in adipose tissue, with potential physiological roles. Both 3-days high-fat feeding (3dHFF) and acute obesity reversal [2-wk switch to low-fat diet after 8-wk HFF (8wHFF)] already induced marked changes in whole body fuel utilization. Although adipose tissue expression of classical proinflammatory cytokines (Tnf-α, Ccl2, and Il1b) exhibited no, or only minor, change, C1qtnf6 uniquely increased, and decreased, in response to 3dHFF and acute obesity reversal, respectively. CTRP6 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited increased adipogenic gene expression (Pparg, Fabp4, and Adipoq) and markedly reduced inflammatory genes (Tnf-α, Ccl2, and Il6) compared with wild-type MEFs, and recombinant CTRP6 induced the opposite gene expression signature, as assessed by RNA sequencing. Consistently, 3dHFF of CTRP6-KO mice induced a greater whole body and adipose tissue weight gain compared with wild-type littermates. Collectively, we propose CTRP6 as a gene that rapidly responds to acute changes in caloric intake, acting in acute overnutrition to induce a "physiological inflammatory response" that limits adipose tissue expansion.NEW & NOTEWORTHY CTRP6 (C1qTNF6), a member of adiponectin gene family, regulates inflammation and metabolism in established obesity. Here, short-term high-fat feeding in mice is shown to increase adipose tissue expression of CTRP6 before changes in the expression of classical inflammatory genes occur. Conversely, CTRP6 expression in adipose tissue decreases early in the course of obesity reversal. Gain- and loss-of-function models suggest CTRP6 as a positive regulator of inflammatory cascades, and a negative regulator of adipogenesis and adipose tissue expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Lahav
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yulia Haim
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nikhil S Bhandarkar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Liron Levin
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dylan Sarver
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ageline Sahagun
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nitzan Maixner
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Barr Kovesh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - G William Wong
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Assaf Rudich
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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10
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Zhou Q, Shi J, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang J, Bao M, Liu G. miR156/157 Targets SPLs to Regulate Flowering Transition, Plant Architecture and Flower Organ Size in Petunia. Plant Cell Physiol 2021; 62:839-857. [PMID: 33768247 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
miR156/157 plays multiple pivotal roles during plant growth and development. In this study, we identified 11 miR156- and 5 miR157-encoding loci from the genome of Petunia axillaris and Petunia inflata, designated as PaMIR0156/157s and PiMIR0156/157s, respectively. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that PhmiR156/157 was expressed predominantly in cotyledons, germinating seeds, flower buds, young fruits and seedlings. PhmiR156/157 levels declined in shoot apical buds and leaves of petunia before flowering as the plant ages; moreover, the temporal expression patterns of most miR156/157-targeted PhSPLs were complementary to that of PhmiR156/157. Ectopic expression of PhMIR0157a in Arabidopsis and petunia resulted in delayed flowering, dwarf plant stature, increased branches and reduced organ size. However, PhMIR0156f-overexpressing Arabidopsis and petunia plants showed only delayed flowering. In addition, downregulation of PhmiR156/157 level by overexpressing STTM156/157 led to taller plants with less branches, longer internodes and precocious flowering. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that PhmiR156/157 modulates these traits mainly by downregulating their PhSPL targets and subsequently decreasing the expression of flowering regulatory genes. Our results demonstrate that the PhmiR156/157-PhSPL module has conserved but also divergent functions in growth and development, which will help us decipher the genetic basis for the improvement of flower transition, plant architecture and organ development in petunia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiewei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhineng Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Sisi Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture, Peace Avenue No. 1240, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education; College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guofeng Liu
- Department of Botany, Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, China
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11
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Iyer CC, Chugh D, Bobbili PJ, Iii AJB, Crum AE, Yi AF, Kaspar BK, Meyer KC, Burghes AHM, Arnold WD. Follistatin-induced muscle hypertrophy in aged mice improves neuromuscular junction innervation and function. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 104:32-41. [PMID: 33964607 PMCID: PMC8225567 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, or age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, is an important contributor to loss of physical function in older adults. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is likely multifactorial, but recently the role of neurological degeneration, such as motor unit loss, has received increased attention. Here, we investigated the longitudinal effects of muscle hypertrophy (via overexpression of human follistatin, a myostatin antagonist) on neuromuscular integrity in C57BL/6J mice between the ages of 24 and 27 months. Following follistatin overexpression (delivered via self-complementary adeno-associated virus subtype 9 injection), muscle weight and torque production were significantly improved. Follistatin treatment resulted in improvements of neuromuscular junction innervation and transmission but had no impact on age-related losses of motor units. These studies demonstrate that follistatin overexpression-induced muscle hypertrophy not only increased muscle weight and torque production but also countered age-related degeneration at the neuromuscular junction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra C Iyer
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Deepti Chugh
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Prameela J Bobbili
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anton J Blatnik Iii
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexander E Crum
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Allen F Yi
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brian K Kaspar
- The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathrin C Meyer
- The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Arthur H M Burghes
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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12
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Duran-Ortiz S, Corbin KL, Jahan I, Whitticar NB, Morris SE, Bartholomew AN, Slepchenko KG, West HL, Max Harry IM, List EO, Kopchick JJ, Nunemaker CS. Loss of growth hormone signaling in the mouse germline or in adulthood reduces islet mass and alters islet function with notable sex differences. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E1158-E1172. [PMID: 33938235 PMCID: PMC8285598 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00075.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the endocrine pancreas, growth hormone (GH) is known to promote pancreatic islet growth and insulin secretion. In this study, we show that GH receptor (GHR) loss in the germline and in adulthood impacts islet mass in general but more profoundly in male mice. GHR knockout (GHRKO) mice have enhanced insulin sensitivity and low circulating insulin. We show that the total cross-sectional area of isolated islets (estimated islet mass) was reduced by 72% in male but by only 29% in female GHRKO mice compared with wild-type controls. Also, islets from GHRKO mice secreted ∼50% less glucose-stimulated insulin compared with size-matched islets from wild-type mice. We next used mice with a floxed Ghr gene to knock down the GHR in adult mice at 6 mo of age (6mGHRKO) and examined the impact on glucose and islet metabolism. By 12 mo of age, female 6mGHRKO mice had increased body fat and reduced islet mass but had no change in glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. However, male 6mGHRKO mice had nearly twice as much body fat, substantially reduced islet mass, and enhanced insulin sensitivity, but no change in glucose tolerance. Despite large losses in islet mass, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was not significantly different between male 6mGHRKO and controls, whereas isolated islets from female 6mGHRKO mice showed increased glucose-stimulated insulin release. Our findings demonstrate the importance of GH to islet mass throughout life and that unique sex-specific adaptations to the loss of GH signaling allow mice to maintain normal glucose metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Growth hormone (GH) is important for more than just growth. GH helps to maintain pancreatic islet mass and insulin secretion throughout life. Sex-specific adaptations to the loss of GH signaling allow mice to maintain normal glucose regulation despite losing islet mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Duran-Ortiz
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Kathryn L Corbin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ishrat Jahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Nicholas B Whitticar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Sarah E Morris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ania N Bartholomew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Kira G Slepchenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Hannah L West
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Ibiagbani Mercy Max Harry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Edward O List
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - John J Kopchick
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Craig S Nunemaker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
- Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
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13
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Aydogan G, Daviet R, Karlsson Linnér R, Hare TA, Kable JW, Kranzler HR, Wetherill RR, Ruff CC, Koellinger PD, Nave G. Genetic underpinnings of risky behaviour relate to altered neuroanatomy. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:787-794. [PMID: 33510390 PMCID: PMC10566430 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-01027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous research points to the heritability of risk-taking behaviour. However, evidence on how genetic dispositions are translated into risky behaviour is scarce. Here, we report a genetically informed neuroimaging study of real-world risky behaviour across the domains of drinking, smoking, driving and sexual behaviour in a European sample from the UK Biobank (N = 12,675). We find negative associations between risky behaviour and grey-matter volume in distinct brain regions, including amygdala, ventral striatum, hypothalamus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). These effects are replicated in an independent sample recruited from the same population (N = 13,004). Polygenic risk scores for risky behaviour, derived from a genome-wide association study in an independent sample (N = 297,025), are inversely associated with grey-matter volume in dlPFC, putamen and hypothalamus. This relation mediates roughly 2.2% of the association between genes and behaviour. Our results highlight distinct heritable neuroanatomical features as manifestations of the genetic propensity for risk taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Aydogan
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Remi Daviet
- Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Karlsson Linnér
- Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Todd A Hare
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joseph W Kable
- Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Reagan R Wetherill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian C Ruff
- Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp D Koellinger
- Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gideon Nave
- Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Yoshikawa S, Hamasaki M, Kadomura K, Yamada T, Chuda H, Kikuchi K, Hosoya S. Genetic Dissection of a Precocious Phenotype in Male Tiger Pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) using Genotyping by Random Amplicon Sequencing, Direct (GRAS-Di). Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2021; 23:177-188. [PMID: 33599909 PMCID: PMC8032607 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-10013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel non-targeted PCR-based genotyping system, namely Genotyping by Random Amplicon Sequencing, Direct (GRAS-Di), is characterized by the simplicity in library construction and robustness against DNA degradation and is expected to facilitate advancements in genetics, in both basic and applied sciences. In this study, we tested the utility of GRAS-Di for genetic analysis in a cultured population of the tiger pufferfish Takifugu rubripes. The genetic analyses included family structure analysis, genetic map construction, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for the male precocious phenotype using a population consisting of four full-sib families derived from a genetically precocious line. An average of 4.7 million raw reads were obtained from 198 fish. Trimmed reads were mapped onto a Fugu reference genome for genotyping, and 21,938 putative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained. These 22 K SNPs accurately resolved the sibship and parent-offspring pairs. A fine-scale linkage map (total size: 1,949 cM; average interval: 1.75 cM) was constructed from 1,423 effective SNPs, for which the allele inheritance patterns were known. QTL analysis detected a significant locus for testes weight on Chr_14 and three suggestive loci on Chr_1, Chr_8, and Chr_19. The significant QTL was shared by body length and body weight. The effect of each QTL was small (phenotypic variation explained, PVE: 3.1-5.9%), suggesting that the precociousness seen in the cultured pufferfish is polygenic. Taken together, these results indicate that GRAS-Di is a practical genotyping tool for aquaculture species and applicable for molecular breeding programs, such as marker-assisted selection and genomic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Yoshikawa
- Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries, Nagasaki, Japan
- Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hisashi Chuda
- Aquaculture Research Institute, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Hosoya
- Fisheries Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Shizuoka, Japan.
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15
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Chambers T, Anney R, Taylor PN, Teumer A, Peeters RP, Medici M, Caseras X, Rees DA. Effects of Thyroid Status on Regional Brain Volumes: A Diagnostic and Genetic Imaging Study in UK Biobank. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:688-696. [PMID: 33274371 PMCID: PMC7947746 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone is essential for optimal human neurodevelopment and may modify the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the brain structures involved are unknown and it is unclear if the adult brain is also susceptible to changes in thyroid status. METHODS We used International Classification of Disease-10 codes, polygenic thyroid scores at different thresholds of association with thyroid traits (PT-values), and image-derived phenotypes in UK Biobank (n = 18 825) to investigate the effects of a recorded diagnosis of thyroid disease and genetic risk for thyroid status on cerebellar and subcortical gray matter volume. Regional genetic pleiotropy between thyroid status and ADHD was explored using the GWAS-pairwise method. RESULTS A recorded diagnosis of hypothyroidism (n = 419) was associated with significant reductions in total cerebellar and pallidum gray matter volumes (β [95% CI] = -0.14[-0.23, -0.06], P = 0.0005 and β [95%CI] = -0.12 [-0.20, -0.04], P = 0.0042, respectively), mediated in part by increases in body mass index. While we found no evidence for total cerebellar volume alterations with increased polygenic scores for any thyroid trait, opposing influences of increased polygenic scores for hypo- and hyperthyroidism were found in the pallidum (PT < 1e-3: β [95% CI] = -0.02 [-0.03, -0.01], P = 0.0003 and PT < 1e-7: β [95% CI] = 0.02 [0.01, 0.03], P = 0.0003, respectively). Neither hypo- nor hyperthyroidism showed evidence of regional genetic pleiotropy with ADHD. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid status affects gray matter volume in adults, particularly at the level of the cerebellum and pallidum, with potential implications for the regulation of motor, cognitive, and affective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Chambers
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Richard Anney
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter N Taylor
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine and Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine and Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xavier Caseras
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - D Aled Rees
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Correspondence: D. Aled Rees, FRCP, PhD, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Hadyn Ellis Building, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
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16
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Tilot AK, Khramtsova EA, Liang D, Grasby KL, Jahanshad N, Painter J, Colodro-Conde L, Bralten J, Hibar DP, Lind PA, Liu S, Brotman SM, Thompson PM, Medland SE, Macciardi F, Stranger BE, Davis LK, Fisher SE, Stein JL. The Evolutionary History of Common Genetic Variants Influencing Human Cortical Surface Area. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:1873-1887. [PMID: 33290510 PMCID: PMC7945014 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural brain changes along the lineage leading to modern Homo sapiens contributed to our distinctive cognitive and social abilities. However, the evolutionarily relevant molecular variants impacting key aspects of neuroanatomy are largely unknown. Here, we integrate evolutionary annotations of the genome at diverse timescales with common variant associations from large-scale neuroimaging genetic screens. We find that alleles with evidence of recent positive polygenic selection over the past 2000-3000 years are associated with increased surface area (SA) of the entire cortex, as well as specific regions, including those involved in spoken language and visual processing. Therefore, polygenic selective pressures impact the structure of specific cortical areas even over relatively recent timescales. Moreover, common sequence variation within human gained enhancers active in the prenatal cortex is associated with postnatal global SA. We show that such variation modulates the function of a regulatory element of the developmentally relevant transcription factor HEY2 in human neural progenitor cells and is associated with structural changes in the inferior frontal cortex. These results indicate that non-coding genomic regions active during prenatal cortical development are involved in the evolution of human brain structure and identify novel regulatory elements and genes impacting modern human brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Tilot
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6500 AH, Netherlands
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Ekaterina A Khramtsova
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine & Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Computational Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Katrina L Grasby
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Jodie Painter
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Janita Bralten
- Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Penelope A Lind
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Siyao Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sarah M Brotman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Barbara E Stranger
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine & Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lea K Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6500 AH, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, Netherlands
| | - Jason L Stein
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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17
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Gustafsson KL, Farman HH, Nilsson KH, Henning P, Movérare-Skrtic S, Lionikaite V, Lawenius L, Engdahl C, Ohlsson C, Lagerquist MK. Arginine site 264 in murine estrogen receptor-α is dispensable for the regulation of the skeleton. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E160-E168. [PMID: 33225718 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00349.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of arginine 264 in ERα has been shown to abrogate rapid membrane ERα-mediated endothelial effects. Our novel finding that mutation of R264 is dispensable for ERα-mediated skeletal effects supports the concept that R264 determines tissue specificity of ERα. Estrogen protects against bone loss but is not a suitable treatment due to adverse effects in other tissues. Therefore, increased knowledge regarding estrogen signaling in estrogen-responsive tissues is warranted to aid the development of bone-specific estrogen treatments. Estrogen receptor-α (ERα), the main mediator of estrogenic effects in bone, is widely subjected to posttranslational modifications (PTMs). In vitro studies have shown that methylation at site R260 in the human ERα affects receptor localization and intracellular signaling. The corresponding amino acid R264 in murine ERα has been shown to have a functional role in endothelium in vivo, although the methylation of R264 in the murine gene is yet to be empirically demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether R264 in ERα is involved in the regulation of the skeleton in vivo. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) analysis at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of age showed no differences in total body areal bone mineral density (BMD) between R264A and wild type (WT) in either female or male mice. Furthermore, analyses using computed tomography (CT) demonstrated that trabecular bone mass in tibia and vertebra and cortical thickness in tibia were similar between R264A and WT mice. In addition, R264A females displayed a normal estrogen treatment response in trabecular bone mass as well as in cortical thickness. Furthermore, uterus, thymus, and adipose tissue responded similarly in R264A and WT female mice after estrogen treatment. In conclusion, our novel finding that mutation of R264 in ERα does not affect the regulation of the skeleton, together with the known role of R264 for ERα-mediated endothelial effects, supports the concept that R264 determines tissue specificity of ERα.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mutation of arginine 264 in ERα has been shown to abrogate rapid membrane ERα-mediated endothelial effects. Our novel finding that mutation of R264 is dispensable for ERα-mediated skeletal effects supports the concept that R264 determines tissue specificity of ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin L Gustafsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helen H Farman
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Henning
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vikte Lionikaite
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lina Lawenius
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Zou K, Kim KS, Kim K, Kang D, Park YH, Sun H, Ha BK, Ha J, Jun TH. Genetic Diversity and Genome-Wide Association Study of Seed Aspect Ratio Using a High-Density SNP Array in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.). Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:E2. [PMID: 33375051 PMCID: PMC7822046 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the important oil crops of the world. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 384 peanut germplasms including 100 Korean germplasms and 284 core collections from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) using an Axiom_Arachis array with 58K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We evaluated the evolutionary relationships among 384 peanut germplasms using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of seed aspect ratio data processed by ImageJ software. In total, 14,030 filtered polymorphic SNPs were identified from the peanut 58K SNP array. We identified five SNPs with significant associations to seed aspect ratio on chromosomes Aradu.A09, Aradu.A10, Araip.B08, and Araip.B09. AX-177640219 on chromosome Araip.B08 was the most significantly associated marker in GAPIT and Regularization method. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) was found among the eleven genes within a linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the significant SNPs on Araip.B08 and could have a strong causal effect in determining seed aspect ratio. The results of the present study provide information and methods that are useful for further genetic and genomic studies as well as molecular breeding programs in peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyan Zou
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (K.Z.); (D.K.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | | | - Kipoong Kim
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (K.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Dongwoo Kang
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (K.Z.); (D.K.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Yu-Hyeon Park
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (K.Z.); (D.K.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Hokeun Sun
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (K.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Bo-Keun Ha
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Jungmin Ha
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea;
| | - Tae-Hwan Jun
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (K.Z.); (D.K.); (Y.-H.P.)
- Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea
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19
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Schlezinger JJ, Puckett H, Oliver J, Nielsen G, Heiger-Bernays W, Webster TF. Perfluorooctanoic acid activates multiple nuclear receptor pathways and skews expression of genes regulating cholesterol homeostasis in liver of humanized PPARα mice fed an American diet. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 405:115204. [PMID: 32822737 PMCID: PMC7503133 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in their drinking water, food, air, dust, and by direct use of consumer products. Increased concentrations of serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol are among the endpoints best supported by epidemiology. The objectives of this study were to generate a new model for examining PFAS-induced dyslipidemia and to conduct molecular studies to better define mechanism(s) of action. We tested the hypothesis that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure at a human-relevant level dysregulates expression of genes controlling cholesterol homeostasis in livers of mice expressing human PPARα (hPPARα). Female and male hPPARα and PPARα null mice were fed a diet based on the "What we eat in America" analysis and exposed to PFOA in drinking water (8 μM) for 6 weeks. This resulted in a serum PFOA concentration of 48 μg/ml. PFOA increased liver mass, which was associated with histologically-evident lipid accumulation. Pooled analyses of serum lipoprotein cholesterol suggest that PFOA increased serum cholesterol, particularly in male mice. PFOA induced PPARα and constitutive androstane receptor target gene expression in liver. Expression of genes in four pathways regulating cholesterol homeostasis were also measured. PFOA decreased expression of Hmgcr in a PPARα-dependent manner. PFOA decreased expression of Ldlr and Cyp7a1 in a PPARα-independent manner. Apob expression was not changed. Sex differences were evident. This novel study design (hPPARα mice, American diet, long term exposure) generated new insight on the effects of PFOA on cholesterol regulation in the liver and the role of hPPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - H Puckett
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - J Oliver
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - G Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - W Heiger-Bernays
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - T F Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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20
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Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway governs organ size via coordinating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and its dysregulation causes congenital diseases and cancers. The homeostasis of Hippo pathway is achieved through multiple post translational modifications. Through Drosophila genetic screening, we found that miRNAs were also involved in Hippo pathway regulation. Here, we showed that overexpression of miR-7 resulted in small wings, which were neutralized by miR-7-sponge (miR-7-sp) co-expression. Mechanistically, miR-7 inhibited the expression of Hippo pathway target genes. Epistatic analyses revealed that miR-7 modulated Hippo pathway through the transcriptional cofactor Yorkie (Yki). Consistently, overexpression of miR-7 decreased Yki protein. We further found a seed sequence of miR-7 in the yki 3'-UTR region. In addition, we discovered that miR-7 was a transcriptional target of Yki. Thus, a negative feedback loop existed for fine tuning Hippo pathway activity. Taken together, our findings uncovered a novel mechanism by which Yki was silenced by miR-7 for Hippo pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yu
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Mingming Li
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Cui
- Department of Anorectum, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Anorectum, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China. http://sunbing_163.com
| | - Zizhang Zhou
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
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21
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Nan D, Yuqi C, Zonglin S, Chenglong D, Na L, Fang L, Cong Z, Xiufeng X. Association of a SIRT1 polymorphism with changes of gray matter volume in patients with first-episode medication-naïve major depression. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 301:111101. [PMID: 32447184 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12415800 of the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 gene (SIRT1) has shown a genome-wide significant association with major depression disorder (MDD) in a recent GWAS using a large sample. Subsequent studies of SIRT1's biological functions were supportive of a possible role in the pathophysiology of MDD. However, SIRT1-mediated physiopathology of MDD may be brain region specific. In the present study, we investigated the impact of SIRT1 rs12415800 genotypes on gray matter volumes (GMV) among different brain regions in both MDD patients and healthy controls. The rs12415800 was genotyped in 170 patients with first-episode medication-naïve MDD (cases) and 170 healthy controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was conducted and the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach was employed to analyze obtained images. When compared with the cases carrying GG genotype, the cases carrying GA or AA genotypes (A for risk allele) showed decreased GMV in right precuneus, left cuneus/precuneus, and right frontal superior. In contrast, the rs12415800-associated GMV abnormalities were not observed in controls. The SIRT1-rs12415800 polymorphism may be associated with the changes of GMV in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Nan
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng Yuqi
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shen Zonglin
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong Chenglong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Na
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liu Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhou Cong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xu Xiufeng
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang RD, Kunming 650032, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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22
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Fujikura U, Ezaki K, Horiguchi G, Seo M, Kanno Y, Kamiya Y, Lenhard M, Tsukaya H. Suppression of class I compensated cell enlargement by xs2 mutation is mediated by salicylic acid signaling. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008873. [PMID: 32584819 PMCID: PMC7343186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of leaf size has been studied for decades. Enhancement of post-mitotic cell expansion triggered by impaired cell proliferation in Arabidopsis is an important process for leaf size regulation, and is known as compensation. This suggests a key interaction between cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development. Several studies have highlighted the impact of this integration mechanism on leaf size determination; however, the molecular basis of compensation remains largely unknown. Previously, we identified extra-small sisters (xs) mutants which can suppress compensated cell enlargement (CCE) via a specific defect in cell expansion within the compensation-exhibiting mutant, angustifolia3 (an3). Here we revealed that one of the xs mutants, namely xs2, can suppress CCE not only in an3 but also in other compensation-exhibiting mutants erecta (er) and fugu2. Molecular cloning of XS2 identified a deleterious mutation in CATION CALCIUM EXCHANGER 4 (CCX4). Phytohormone measurement and expression analysis revealed that xs2 shows hyper activation of the salicylic acid (SA) response pathway, where activation of SA response can suppress CCE in compensation mutants. All together, these results highlight the regulatory connection which coordinates compensation and SA response. Leaves are determinate organ and size of leaves are determined by intrinsic and extrinsic cues. Cell proliferation and post-mitotic cell expansion should be coordinated during leaf morphogenesis to develop appropriate size depending on its developmental programs. Recent studies highlighted the existence of integrated mechanism which coordinates cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development. Compensation, which is enhanced post-mitotic cell expansion accompanied by a significant decrease in cell number during leaf organogenesis, is one of the clues for such coordination. However, the molecular mechanisms linking cell proliferation and cell expansion are still poorly understood. Previously, we reported extra-small sisters 2 (xs2) mutation caused specific defect in cell expansion and it suppressed increased post-mitotic cell enlargement in angustifolia3 (an3) mutant, which exhibits typical compensation. Here we identify the affected gene of xs2 mutant encodes a member of cation calcium exchanger which is believed to be involved in cation homeostasis within cells. Loss of function of this protein causes hyper accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and increased expression of pathogen related genes. Physiological and genetic studies revealed activated SA signal transduction reduced cell size. It suppressed post-mitotic cell expansion in several compensation mutants not only an3 but partially suppressed in another type of compensation mutant which increases size of mitotic cells. This finding suggests post-mitotic cell expansion pathway is regulated in common by SA-dependent signaling and by compensation signaling during leaf development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushio Fujikura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kazune Ezaki
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gorou Horiguchi
- Department of Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Seo
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Japan
| | - Yuri Kanno
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamiya
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Japan
| | - Michael Lenhard
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hirokazu Tsukaya
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, Japan
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23
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Wang H, Yan M, Xiong M, Wang P, Liu Y, Xin Q, Wan L, Yang G, Hong D. Genetic dissection of thousand-seed weight and fine mapping of cqSW.A03-2 via linkage and association analysis in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:1321-1335. [PMID: 32002584 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE: cqSW.A03-2, one of the six identified quantitative trait loci associated with thousand-seed weight in rapeseed, is mapped to a 61.6-kb region on chromosome A03 and corresponds to the candidate gene BnaA03G37960D. Seed weight is an important factor that determines the seed yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). To elucidate the genetic mechanism of thousand-seed weight (TSW), quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was conducted using a double haploid population derived from the cross between an elite line ZY50 and a pol cytoplasmic male sterility restorer line 7-5. The genetic basis of TSW was dissected into six major QTLs. One major QTL denoted as cqSW.A03-2, which explained 8.46-13.70% of the phenotypic variation, was detected across multiple environments. To uncover the genetic basis of cqSW.A03-2, a set of near-isogenic lines were developed. Based on the test of self-pollinated progenies, cqSW.A03-2 was identified as a single Mendelian factor and the ZY50 allele at cqSW.A03-2 showed a positive effect on TSW. Fine mapping delimited the cqSW.A03-2 locus into a 61.6-kb region, and 18 genes within this region were predicted. Candidate gene association analysis and expression analysis indicated that a histidine kinase gene (BnaA03G37960D) is likely to be the candidate gene for the cqSW.A03-2 locus. Our results may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of seed weight regulation and promote the breeding program for yield improvement in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Min Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mei Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Institute of Crops, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Wan
- Institute of Crops, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Guangsheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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24
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van der Meer D, Sønderby IE, Kaufmann T, Walters GB, Abdellaoui A, Ames D, Amunts K, Andersson M, Armstrong NJ, Bernard M, Blackburn NB, Blangero J, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brouwer RM, Bülow R, Cahn W, Calhoun VD, Caspers S, Cavalleri GL, Ching CRK, Cichon S, Ciufolini S, Corvin A, Crespo-Facorro B, Curran JE, Dalvie S, Dazzan P, de Geus EJC, de Zubicaray GI, de Zwarte SMC, Delanty N, den Braber A, Desrivieres S, Di Forti M, Doherty JL, Donohoe G, Ehrlich S, Eising E, Espeseth T, Fisher SE, Fladby T, Frei O, Frouin V, Fukunaga M, Gareau T, Glahn DC, Grabe HJ, Groenewold NA, Gústafsson Ó, Haavik J, Haberg AK, Hashimoto R, Hehir-Kwa JY, Hibar DP, Hillegers MHJ, Hoffmann P, Holleran L, Hottenga JJ, Hulshoff Pol HE, Ikeda M, Jacquemont S, Jahanshad N, Jockwitz C, Johansson S, Jönsson EG, Kikuchi M, Knowles EEM, Kwok JB, Le Hellard S, Linden DEJ, Liu J, Lundervold A, Lundervold AJ, Martin NG, Mather KA, Mathias SR, McMahon KL, McRae AF, Medland SE, Moberget T, Moreau C, Morris DW, Mühleisen TW, Murray RM, Nordvik JE, Nyberg L, Olde Loohuis LM, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Paus T, Pausova Z, Peralta JM, Pike B, Prieto C, Quinlan EB, Reinbold CS, Reis Marques T, Rucker JJH, Sachdev PS, Sando SB, Schofield PR, Schork AJ, Schumann G, Shin J, Shumskaya E, Silva AI, Sisodiya SM, Steen VM, Stein DJ, Strike LT, Tamnes CK, Teumer A, Thalamuthu A, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Uhlmann A, Úlfarsson MÖ, van 't Ent D, van den Bree MBM, Vassos E, Wen W, Wittfeld K, Wright MJ, Zayats T, Dale AM, Djurovic S, Agartz I, Westlye LT, Stefánsson H, Stefánsson K, Thompson PM, Andreassen OA. Association of Copy Number Variation of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Region With Cortical and Subcortical Morphology and Cognition. JAMA Psychiatry 2020; 77:420-430. [PMID: 31665216 PMCID: PMC6822096 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Importance Recurrent microdeletions and duplications in the genomic region 15q11.2 between breakpoints 1 (BP1) and 2 (BP2) are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. These structural variants are present in 0.5% to 1.0% of the population, making 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 the site of the most prevalent known pathogenic copy number variation (CNV). It is unknown to what extent this CNV influences brain structure and affects cognitive abilities. Objective To determine the association of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion and duplication CNVs with cortical and subcortical brain morphology and cognitive task performance. Design, Setting, and Participants In this genetic association study, T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging were combined with genetic data from the ENIGMA-CNV consortium and the UK Biobank, with a replication cohort from Iceland. In total, 203 deletion carriers, 45 247 noncarriers, and 306 duplication carriers were included. Data were collected from August 2015 to April 2019, and data were analyzed from September 2018 to September 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures The associations of the CNV with global and regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness as well as subcortical volumes were investigated, correcting for age, age2, sex, scanner, and intracranial volume. Additionally, measures of cognitive ability were analyzed in the full UK Biobank cohort. Results Of 45 756 included individuals, the mean (SD) age was 55.8 (18.3) years, and 23 754 (51.9%) were female. Compared with noncarriers, deletion carriers had a lower surface area (Cohen d = -0.41; SE, 0.08; P = 4.9 × 10-8), thicker cortex (Cohen d = 0.36; SE, 0.07; P = 1.3 × 10-7), and a smaller nucleus accumbens (Cohen d = -0.27; SE, 0.07; P = 7.3 × 10-5). There was also a significant negative dose response on cortical thickness (β = -0.24; SE, 0.05; P = 6.8 × 10-7). Regional cortical analyses showed a localization of the effects to the frontal, cingulate, and parietal lobes. Further, cognitive ability was lower for deletion carriers compared with noncarriers on 5 of 7 tasks. Conclusions and Relevance These findings, from the largest CNV neuroimaging study to date, provide evidence that 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 structural variation is associated with brain morphology and cognition, with deletion carriers being particularly affected. The pattern of results fits with known molecular functions of genes in the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 region and suggests involvement of these genes in neuronal plasticity. These neurobiological effects likely contribute to the association of this CNV with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ida E Sønderby
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David Ames
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Kew, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, Juelich, Germany
| | - Micael Andersson
- Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Manon Bernard
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas B Blackburn
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robin Bülow
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Altrecht Science, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, Juelich, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gianpiero L Cavalleri
- The School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- The SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California, Los Angeles
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IdahoIVAL, Centre de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
- University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, IBiS, Centre de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joanne E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sonja M C de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Norman Delanty
- The SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anouk den Braber
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sylvane Desrivieres
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Doherty
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Psychological and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Else Eising
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway
- University of Oslo, Lorenskog, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Le Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Sokendai, Hayama, Japan
| | - Thomas Gareau
- Neurospin, Le Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David C Glahn
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | | | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Asta K Haberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- St Olav's Hospital, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jayne Y Hehir-Kwa
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia's Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn Medical School, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurena Holleran
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Christiane Jockwitz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emma E M Knowles
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John B Kwok
- The University of Sydney Central Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - David E J Linden
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta
| | - Arvid Lundervold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia
| | - Samuel R Mathias
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katie L McMahon
- Herston Imaging Research Facility and School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Moreau
- Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derek W Morris
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas W Mühleisen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin M Murray
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Roel A Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Michael J Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan M Peralta
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville
| | - Bruce Pike
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carlos Prieto
- Bioinformatics Service, Nucleus, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Céline S Reinbold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James J H Rucker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Peter R Schofield
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean Shin
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana I Silva
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vidar M Steen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lachlan T Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christian K Tamnes
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, IdahoIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Magnús Ö Úlfarsson
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Dennis van 't Ent
- Department of Biological Psychology and Netherlands Twin Register, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne B M van den Bree
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tetyana Zayats
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kári Stefánsson
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Woźniak NJ, Kappel C, Marona C, Altschmied L, Neuffer B, Sicard A. A Similar Genetic Architecture Underlies the Convergent Evolution of the Selfing Syndrome in Capsella. Plant Cell 2020; 32:935-949. [PMID: 31964802 PMCID: PMC7145481 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Whether, and to what extent, phenotypic evolution follows predictable genetic paths remains an important question in evolutionary biology. Convergent evolution of similar characters provides a unique opportunity to address this question. The transition to selfing and the associated changes in flower morphology are among the most prominent examples of repeated evolution in plants. In this study, we take advantage of the independent transitions to self-fertilization in the genus Capsella to compare the similarities between parallel modifications of floral traits and test for genetic and developmental constraints imposed on flower evolution in the context of the selfing syndrome. Capsella rubella and Capsella orientalis emerged independently but evolved almost identical flower characters. Not only is the evolutionary outcome identical but the same developmental strategies underlie the convergent reduction of flower size. This has been associated with convergent evolution of gene expression changes. The transcriptomic changes common to both selfing lineages are enriched in genes with low network connectivity and with organ-specific expression patterns. Comparative genetic mapping also suggests that, at least in the case of petal size evolution, these similarities have a similar genetic basis. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the limited availability of low-pleiotropy paths predetermines closely related species to similar evolutionary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Kappel
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Cindy Marona
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Lothar Altschmied
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Barbara Neuffer
- Department of Botany, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Adrien Sicard
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
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Cross SH, Mckie L, Hurd TW, Riley S, Wills J, Barnard AR, Young F, MacLaren RE, Jackson IJ. The nanophthalmos protein TMEM98 inhibits MYRF self-cleavage and is required for eye size specification. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008583. [PMID: 32236127 PMCID: PMC7153906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise control of eye size is essential for normal vision. TMEM98 is a highly conserved and widely expressed gene which appears to be involved in eye size regulation. Mutations in human TMEM98 are found in patients with nanophthalmos (very small eyes) and variants near the gene are associated in population studies with myopia and increased eye size. As complete loss of function mutations in mouse Tmem98 result in perinatal lethality, we produced mice deficient for Tmem98 in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), where Tmem98 is highly expressed. These mice have greatly enlarged eyes that are very fragile with very thin retinas, compressed choroid and thin sclera. To gain insight into the mechanism of action we used a proximity labelling approach to discover interacting proteins and identified MYRF as an interacting partner. Mutations of MYRF are also associated with nanophthalmos. The protein is an endoplasmic reticulum-tethered transcription factor which undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage to liberate the N-terminal part which then translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor. We find that TMEM98 inhibits the self-cleavage of MYRF, in a novel regulatory mechanism. In RPE lacking TMEM98, MYRF is ectopically activated and abnormally localised to the nuclei. Our findings highlight the importance of the interplay between TMEM98 and MYRF in determining the size of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally H. Cross
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa Mckie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Toby W. Hurd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Riley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jimi Wills
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alun R. Barnard
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Young
- Electron Microscopy, Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert E. MacLaren
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Jackson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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Grasby KL, Jahanshad N, Painter JN, Colodro-Conde L, Bralten J, Hibar DP, Lind PA, Pizzagalli F, Ching CRK, McMahon MAB, Shatokhina N, Zsembik LCP, Thomopoulos SI, Zhu AH, Strike LT, Agartz I, Alhusaini S, Almeida MAA, Alnæs D, Amlien IK, Andersson M, Ard T, Armstrong NJ, Ashley-Koch A, Atkins JR, Bernard M, Brouwer RM, Buimer EEL, Bülow R, Bürger C, Cannon DM, Chakravarty M, Chen Q, Cheung JW, Couvy-Duchesne B, Dale AM, Dalvie S, de Araujo TK, de Zubicaray GI, de Zwarte SMC, den Braber A, Doan NT, Dohm K, Ehrlich S, Engelbrecht HR, Erk S, Fan CC, Fedko IO, Foley SF, Ford JM, Fukunaga M, Garrett ME, Ge T, Giddaluru S, Goldman AL, Green MJ, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Gurholt TP, Gutman BA, Hansell NK, Harris MA, Harrison MB, Haswell CC, Hauser M, Herms S, Heslenfeld DJ, Ho NF, Hoehn D, Hoffmann P, Holleran L, Hoogman M, Hottenga JJ, Ikeda M, Janowitz D, Jansen IE, Jia T, Jockwitz C, Kanai R, Karama S, Kasperaviciute D, Kaufmann T, Kelly S, Kikuchi M, Klein M, Knapp M, Knodt AR, Krämer B, Lam M, Lancaster TM, Lee PH, Lett TA, Lewis LB, Lopes-Cendes I, Luciano M, Macciardi F, Marquand AF, Mathias SR, Melzer TR, Milaneschi Y, Mirza-Schreiber N, Moreira JCV, Mühleisen TW, Müller-Myhsok B, Najt P, Nakahara S, Nho K, Loohuis LMO, Orfanos DP, Pearson JF, Pitcher TL, Pütz B, Quidé Y, Ragothaman A, Rashid FM, Reay WR, Redlich R, Reinbold CS, Repple J, Richard G, Riede BC, Risacher SL, Rocha CS, Mota NR, Salminen L, Saremi A, Saykin AJ, Schlag F, Schmaal L, Schofield PR, Secolin R, Shapland CY, Shen L, Shin J, Shumskaya E, Sønderby IE, Sprooten E, Tansey KE, Teumer A, Thalamuthu A, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Turner JA, Uhlmann A, Vallerga CL, van derMeer D, van Donkelaar MMJ, van Eijk L, van Erp TGM, van Haren NEM, van Rooij D, van Tol MJ, Veldink JH, Verhoef E, Walton E, Wang M, Wang Y, Wardlaw JM, Wen W, Westlye LT, Whelan CD, Witt SH, Wittfeld K, Wolf C, Wolfers T, Wu JQ, Yasuda CL, Zaremba D, Zhang Z, Zwiers MP, Artiges E, Assareh AA, Ayesa-Arriola R, Belger A, Brandt CL, Brown GG, Cichon S, Curran JE, Davies GE, Degenhardt F, Dennis MF, Dietsche B, Djurovic S, Doherty CP, Espiritu R, Garijo D, Gil Y, Gowland PA, Green RC, Häusler AN, Heindel W, Ho BC, Hoffmann WU, Holsboer F, Homuth G, Hosten N, Jack CR, Jang M, Jansen A, Kimbrel NA, Kolskår K, Koops S, Krug A, Lim KO, Luykx JJ, Mathalon DH, Mather KA, Mattay VS, Matthews S, Van Son JM, McEwen SC, Melle I, Morris DW, Mueller BA, Nauck M, Nordvik JE, Nöthen MM, O’Leary DS, Opel N, Martinot MLP, Pike GB, Preda A, Quinlan EB, Rasser PE, Ratnakar V, Reppermund S, Steen VM, Tooney PA, Torres FR, Veltman DJ, Voyvodic JT, Whelan R, White T, Yamamori H, Adams HHH, Bis JC, Debette S, Decarli C, Fornage M, Gudnason V, Hofer E, Ikram MA, Launer L, Longstreth WT, Lopez OL, Mazoyer B, Mosley TH, Roshchupkin GV, Satizabal CL, Schmidt R, Seshadri S, Yang Q, Alvim MKM, Ames D, Anderson TJ, Andreassen OA, Arias-Vasquez A, Bastin ME, Baune BT, Beckham JC, Blangero J, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brunner HG, Buckner RL, Buitelaar JK, Bustillo JR, Cahn W, Cairns MJ, Calhoun V, Carr VJ, Caseras X, Caspers S, Cavalleri GL, Cendes F, Corvin A, Crespo-Facorro B, Dalrymple-Alford JC, Dannlowski U, de Geus EJC, Deary IJ, Delanty N, Depondt C, Desrivières S, Donohoe G, Espeseth T, Fernández G, Fisher SE, Flor H, Forstner AJ, Francks C, Franke B, Glahn DC, Gollub RL, Grabe HJ, Gruber O, Håberg AK, Hariri AR, Hartman CA, Hashimoto R, Heinz A, Henskens FA, Hillegers MHJ, Hoekstra PJ, Holmes AJ, Hong LE, Hopkins WD, Pol HEH, Jernigan TL, Jönsson EG, Kahn RS, Kennedy MA, Kircher TTJ, Kochunov P, Kwok JBJ, Le Hellard S, Loughland CM, Martin NG, Martinot JL, McDonald C, McMahon KL, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Michie PT, Morey RA, Mowry B, Nyberg L, Oosterlaan J, Ophoff RA, Pantelis C, Paus T, Pausova Z, Penninx BWJH, Polderman TJC, Posthuma D, Rietschel M, Roffman JL, Rowland LM, Sachdev PS, Sämann PG, Schall U, Schumann G, Scott RJ, Sim K, Sisodiya SM, Smoller JW, Sommer IE, St Pourcain B, Stein DJ, Toga AW, Trollor JN, Van der Wee NJA, van ‘t Ent D, Völzke H, Walter H, Weber B, Weinberger DR, Wright MJ, Zhou J, Stein JL, Thompson PM, Medland SE. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex. Science 2020; 367:eaay6690. [PMID: 32193296 PMCID: PMC7295264 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay6690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L. Grasby
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jodie N. Painter
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Personalized Healthcare, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Penelope A. Lind
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Fabrizio Pizzagalli
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Graduate Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary Agnes B. McMahon
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Shatokhina
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leo C. P. Zsembik
- Department of Genetics and UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa H. Zhu
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lachlan T. Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saud Alhusaini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Neurology Department, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcio A. A. Almeida
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge K. Amlien
- Centre for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Micael Andersson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tyler Ard
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Allison Ashley-Koch
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua R. Atkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Manon Bernard
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel M. Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth E. L. Buimer
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute for Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Bürger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dara M. Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua W. Cheung
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tânia K. de Araujo
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Greig I. de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sonja M. C. de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anouk den Braber
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katharina Dohm
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hannah-Ruth Engelbrecht
- Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Susanne Erk
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Iryna O. Fedko
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sonya F. Foley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Judith M. Ford
- San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Melanie E. Garrett
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tian Ge
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudheer Giddaluru
- NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Melissa J. Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nynke A. Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Tiril P. Gurholt
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Boris A. Gutman
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Narelle K. Hansell
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Mathew A. Harris
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences and Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marc B. Harrison
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Courtney C. Haswell
- Duke UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center for Post Deployment Mental Health, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Hauser
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stefan Herms
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Research Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk J. Heslenfeld
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - New Fei Ho
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Hoehn
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laurena Holleran
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Deborah Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Iris E. Jansen
- Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tianye Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Christiane Jockwitz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ryota Kanai
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Araya, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sherif Karama
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dalia Kasperaviciute
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Public Psychiatry Division, Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Knapp
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annchen R. Knodt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Max Lam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas M. Lancaster
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Phil H. Lee
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tristram A. Lett
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lindsay B. Lewis
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andre F. Marquand
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Samuel R. Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Tracy R. Melzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand-Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nazanin Mirza-Schreiber
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jose C. V. Moreira
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
- IC-Institute of Computing, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thomas W. Mühleisen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pablo Najt
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Soichiro Nakahara
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharmaceuticals, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Loes M. Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - John F. Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Toni L. Pitcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand-Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Benno Pütz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Faisal M. Rashid
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William R. Reay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronny Redlich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Céline S. Reinbold
- Centre for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Geneviève Richard
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Brandalyn C. Riede
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cristiane S. Rocha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nina R. Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lauren Salminen
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arvin Saremi
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fenja Schlag
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence for Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter R. Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Secolin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Chin Yang Shapland
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean Shin
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Population Neuroscience & Developmental Neuroimaging, Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, East York, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ida E. Sønderby
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Katherine E. Tansey
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Costanza L. Vallerga
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dennis van derMeer
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Liza van Eijk
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Neeltje E. M. van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marie-José van Tol
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ellen Verhoef
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Esther Walton
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences and Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher D. Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jing Qin Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Clarissa L. Yasuda
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, FCM, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dario Zaremba
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Zuo Zhang
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marcel P. Zwiers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM ERL Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, and CNRS 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Amelia A. Assareh
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria–IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Aysenil Belger
- Duke UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christine L. Brandt
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gregory G. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michelle F. Dennis
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center for Post Deployment Mental Health, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bruno Dietsche
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Colin P. Doherty
- Department of Neurology, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Academic Unit of Neurology, TBSI, Dublin, Ireland
- Future Neuro, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ryan Espiritu
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Garijo
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yolanda Gil
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny A. Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Robert C. Green
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander N. Häusler
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Beng-Choon Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wolfgang U. Hoffmann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Florian Holsboer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- HMNC Holding GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- University Medicine Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - MiHyun Jang
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Core-Unit Brainimaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nathan A. Kimbrel
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center for Post Deployment Mental Health, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Knut Kolskår
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Sanne Koops
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kelvin O. Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jurjen J. Luykx
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- GGNet Mental Health, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Health Service 116d, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karen A. Mather
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Venkata S. Mattay
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Matthews
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Jaqueline Mayoral Van Son
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria–IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Sarah C. McEwen
- Pacific Brain Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
- John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Derek W. Morris
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Bryon A. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel S. O’Leary
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM ERL Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, and CNRS 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- APHP.Sorbonne Université, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - G. Bruce Pike
- Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adrian Preda
- School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Erin B. Quinlan
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paul E. Rasser
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Varun Ratnakar
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vidar M. Steen
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paul A. Tooney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Fábio R. Torres
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - James T. Voyvodic
- Duke UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hieab H. H. Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie Debette
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team VINTAGE, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Charles Decarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W. T. Longstreth
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Institute UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas H. Mosley
- MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Gennady V. Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study and Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marina K. M. Alvim
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, FCM, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - David Ames
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim J. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand-Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Neurology, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mark E. Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences and Edinburgh Imaging, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jean C. Beckham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center for Post Deployment Mental Health, Durham, VA Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Han G. Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics and School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Randy L. Buckner
- Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Juan R. Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vaughan J. Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Xavier Caseras
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gianpiero L. Cavalleri
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- The SFI FutureNeuro Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fernando Cendes
- BRAINN-Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, FCM, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria–IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocio, IBiS, Universidad De Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - John C. Dalrymple-Alford
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand-Rangahau Roro Aotearoa, Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eco J. C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Norman Delanty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Future Neuro, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chantal Depondt
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Forstner
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Clyde Francks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - David C. Glahn
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randy L. Gollub
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asta K. Håberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ahmad R. Hariri
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frans A. Henskens
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Health Behaviour Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Manon H. J. Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Avram J. Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L. Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatry Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William D. Hopkins
- Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Terry L. Jernigan
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- NORMENT-K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - René S. Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin A. Kennedy
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tilo T. J. Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatry Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John B. J. Kwok
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neurogenetics and Epigenetics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Carmel M. Loughland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Mental Health Service, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM ERL Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, and CNRS 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Katie L. McMahon
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Herston Imaging Research Facility, School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patricia T. Michie
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajendra A. Morey
- Duke UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center for Post Deployment Mental Health, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Emma Children’s Hospital Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Clinical Neuropsychology section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roel A. Ophoff
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC/Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tinca J. C. Polderman
- Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joshua L. Roffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M. Rowland
- Maryland Psychiatry Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Ulrich Schall
- Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- PONS Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie, Charité Campus Mitte, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Division of Molecular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay M. Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, ChalfontSt-Peter, UK
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iris E. Sommer
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Biological Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthur W. Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian N. Trollor
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Dennis van ‘t Ent
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Weber
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel R. Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience, Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret J. Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juan Zhou
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason L. Stein
- Department of Genetics and UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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28
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Abstract
How a shape arises from the coordinated behavior of cells is one of the most fascinating questions in developmental biology. In plants, fine spatial and temporal controls of cell proliferation and cell expansion sustain differential growth that defines organ shape and size. At the leaf margin of Arabidopsis thaliana, interplay between auxin transport and transcription factors named CUP SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUCs), which are involved in the establishment of boundary domain identity, were reported to trigger differential growth, leading to serration. Cellular behaviors behind these differential growths remain scarcely described. Here, we used 3D and time lapse imaging on young leaves at different stages of development to determine the sequence of cellular events resulting in leaf serrations. In addition, we showed that the transcription factor CUC3 is a negative regulator of cell growth and that its expression dynamics in a small number of cells at the leaf margin is tightly associated with the control of differential growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Serra
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
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29
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Sønderby IE, Gústafsson Ó, Doan NT, Hibar DP, Martin-Brevet S, Abdellaoui A, Ames D, Amunts K, Andersson M, Armstrong NJ, Bernard M, Blackburn N, Blangero J, Boomsma DI, Bralten J, Brattbak HR, Brodaty H, Brouwer RM, Bülow R, Calhoun V, Caspers S, Cavalleri G, Chen CH, Cichon S, Ciufolini S, Corvin A, Crespo-Facorro B, Curran JE, Dale AM, Dalvie S, Dazzan P, de Geus EJC, de Zubicaray GI, de Zwarte SMC, Delanty N, den Braber A, Desrivières S, Donohoe G, Draganski B, Ehrlich S, Espeseth T, Fisher SE, Franke B, Frouin V, Fukunaga M, Gareau T, Glahn DC, Grabe H, Groenewold NA, Haavik J, Håberg A, Hashimoto R, Hehir-Kwa JY, Heinz A, Hillegers MHJ, Hoffmann P, Holleran L, Hottenga JJ, Hulshoff HE, Ikeda M, Jahanshad N, Jernigan T, Jockwitz C, Johansson S, Jonsdottir GA, Jönsson EG, Kahn R, Kaufmann T, Kelly S, Kikuchi M, Knowles EEM, Kolskår KK, Kwok JB, Hellard SL, Leu C, Liu J, Lundervold AJ, Lundervold A, Martin NG, Mather K, Mathias SR, McCormack M, McMahon KL, McRae A, Milaneschi Y, Moreau C, Morris D, Mothersill D, Mühleisen TW, Murray R, Nordvik JE, Nyberg L, Olde Loohuis LM, Ophoff R, Paus T, Pausova Z, Penninx B, Peralta JM, Pike B, Prieto C, Pudas S, Quinlan E, Quintana DS, Reinbold CS, Marques TR, Reymond A, Richard G, Rodriguez-Herreros B, Roiz-Santiañez R, Rokicki J, Rucker J, Sachdev P, Sanders AM, Sando SB, Schmaal L, Schofield PR, Schork AJ, Schumann G, Shin J, Shumskaya E, Sisodiya S, Steen VM, Stein DJ, Steinberg S, Strike L, Teumer A, Thalamuthu A, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Turner J, Ueland T, Uhlmann A, Ulfarsson MO, van 't Ent D, van der Meer D, van Haren NEM, Vaskinn A, Vassos E, Walters GB, Wang Y, Wen W, Whelan CD, Wittfeld K, Wright M, Yamamori H, Zayats T, Agartz I, Westlye LT, Jacquemont S, Djurovic S, Stefánsson H, Stefánsson K, Thompson P, Andreassen OA. Dose response of the 16p11.2 distal copy number variant on intracranial volume and basal ganglia. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:584-602. [PMID: 30283035 PMCID: PMC7042770 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carriers of large recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. The 16p11.2 distal CNV predisposes carriers to e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We compared subcortical brain volumes of 12 16p11.2 distal deletion and 12 duplication carriers to 6882 non-carriers from the large-scale brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging collaboration, ENIGMA-CNV. After stringent CNV calling procedures, and standardized FreeSurfer image analysis, we found negative dose-response associations with copy number on intracranial volume and on regional caudate, pallidum and putamen volumes (β = -0.71 to -1.37; P < 0.0005). In an independent sample, consistent results were obtained, with significant effects in the pallidum (β = -0.95, P = 0.0042). The two data sets combined showed significant negative dose-response for the accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen and ICV (P = 0.0032, 8.9 × 10-6, 1.7 × 10-9, 3.5 × 10-12 and 1.0 × 10-4, respectively). Full scale IQ was lower in both deletion and duplication carriers compared to non-carriers. This is the first brain MRI study of the impact of the 16p11.2 distal CNV, and we demonstrate a specific effect on subcortical brain structures, suggesting a neuropathological pattern underlying the neurodevelopmental syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida E Sønderby
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Derrek P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
- Janssen Research and Development, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Martin-Brevet
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1A, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
| | - Michael Andersson
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Manon Bernard
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Nicholas Blackburn
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd., 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd., 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Richard Brattbak
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing and Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Bülow
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vince Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, Mexico
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1A, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
| | - Gianpiero Cavalleri
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Chi-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organisation of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Centre Juelich, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Psychosis Studies, Insitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespingy Park, SE5 8AF, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, 39008, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Joanne E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd., 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Anzio Road, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University medical center, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, NH, Netherlands
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonja M C de Zwarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Norman Delanty
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3700, Sacramento, California, 95817, USA
| | - Anouk den Braber
- Department of Biological Psychology, Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG) & NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- LREN - Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Thomas Gareau
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David C Glahn
- Yale University School of Medicine, 40 Temple Street, Suite 6E, 6511, New Haven, Vaud, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, 300 George Street, 6106, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Hans Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Anzio Road, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jan Haavik
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Asta Håberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jayne Y Hehir-Kwa
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie, Charite, Humboldt University, Chariteplatz 1, 10017, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Child and adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Erasmus medical center-Sophia's Childerens hospitaal, Rotterdam, Wytemaweg 8, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laurena Holleran
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilleke E Hulshoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
| | - Terry Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christiane Jockwitz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
- JARA-BRAIN, Juelich-Aachen Research Alliance, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52425, Juelich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, R5:00, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rene Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sinead Kelly
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Emma E M Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 40 Temple Street, 6515, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Knut K Kolskår
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - John B Kwok
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Costin Leu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jingyu Liu
- The Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale Blvd., 87106, Albuquerque, CT, USA
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, 87131, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arvid Lundervold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karen Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Samuel R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 40 Temple Street, 6515, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark McCormack
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Katie L McMahon
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Allan McRae
- Program in Complex Trait Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Oldenaller 1, 1081 HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Moreau
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Derek Morris
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG) & NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - David Mothersill
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas W Mühleisen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Structural and Functional Organisation of the Brain, Genomic Imaging, Research Centre Juelich, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Murray
- Departments of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan E Nordvik
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Loes M Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Roel Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Tomas Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, M6A 2E1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Center for Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan M Peralta
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd., 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Bruce Pike
- Departments of Radiology & Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Carlos Prieto
- Bioinformatics Service, Nucleus, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Pudas
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Linnéus väg 9, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erin Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine, Social, Genetic and Development Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Céline S Reinbold
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, United Kingdom
- Psychiatry Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, UK
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Genevieve Richard
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Borja Rodriguez-Herreros
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiañez
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, 39008, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Jarek Rokicki
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - James Rucker
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Anne-Marthe Sanders
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Edvard Griegs gate 8, N-7006, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, 3502, Parkville, New Mexico, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, 3502, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter R Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew J Schork
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean Shin
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sanjay Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, London, UK
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dan J Stein
- Dept of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Rd, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Lachlan Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anbu Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
- Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities. Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, 39011, Spain
| | - Jessica Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Anzio Road, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, TBH Francie van Zijl Avenue, 7500, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry, 1 South Prospect Street, 5401, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Magnus O Ulfarsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dennis van 't Ent
- Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Vaskinn
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher D Whelan
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Margie Wright
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hidenaga Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetyana Zayats
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies veg 87, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 424, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kári Stefánsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, USA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Singh AN, Gasman B. Disentangling the genetics of sarcopenia: prioritization of NUDT3 and KLF5 as genes for lean mass & HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength with the associated enhancing SNPs & a scoring system. BMC Med Genet 2020; 21:40. [PMID: 32093658 PMCID: PMC7041234 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-0977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disease of clinical importance that occurs commonly in old age and in various disease sub-categories. Widening the scope of knowledge of the genetics of muscle mass and strength is important because it may allow to identify patients with an increased risk to develop a specific musculoskeletal disease or condition such as sarcopenia based on genetic markers. METHODS We used bioinformatics tools to identify gene loci responsible for regulating muscle strength and lean mass, which can then be a target for downstream lab experimentation validation. Single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various disease traits of muscles and specific genes were chosen according to their muscle phenotype association p-value, as traditionally done in Genome Wide Association Studies, GWAS. We've developed and applied a combination of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and GWAS summary information, to prioritize causative SNP and point out the unique genes associated in the tissues of interest (muscle). RESULTS We found NUDT3 and KLF5 for lean mass and HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength as candidate genes to target for these phenotypes. The associated regulatory SNPs are rs464553, rs1028883 and rs3129753 respectively. CONCLUSION Transcriptome Wide Association Studies, TWAS, approaches of combining GWAS and eQTL summary statistics proved helpful in statistically prioritizing genes and their associated SNPs for the disease phenotype of study, in this case, Sarcopenia. Potentially regulatory SNPs associated with these genes, and the genes further prioritized by a scoring system, can be then wet lab verified, depending on the phenotype it is hypothesized to affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Narain Singh
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Bili Gasman
- Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Zhang X, Wang T, Ji J, Wang H, Zhu X, Du P, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Chen W. The distinct spatiotemporal distribution and effect of feed restriction on mtDNA copy number in broilers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3240. [PMID: 32094402 PMCID: PMC7039872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number reflects the abundance of mitochondria in cells and is dependent on the energy requirements of tissues. We hypothesized that the mtDNA copy number in poultry may change with age and tissue, and feed restriction may affect the growth and health of poultry by changing mtDNA content in a tissue-specific pattern. TaqMan real-time PCR was used to quantify mtDNA copy number using three different segments of the mitochondrial genome (D-loop, ATP6, and ND6) relative to the nuclear single-copy preproglucagon gene (GCG). The effect of sex, age, and dietary restriction (quantitative, energy, and protein restriction) on mtDNA copy number variation in the tissues of broilers was investigated. We found that mtDNA copy number varied among tissues (P < 0.01) and presented a distinct change in spatiotemporal pattern. After hatching, the number of mtDNA copies significantly decreased with age in the liver and increased in muscle tissues, including heart, pectoralis, and leg muscles. Newborn broilers (unfed) and embryos (E 11 and E 17) had similar mtDNA contents in muscle tissues. Among 42 d broilers, females had a higher mtDNA copy number than males in the tissues examined. Feed restriction (8-21 d) significantly reduced the body weight but did not significantly change the mtDNA copy number of 21 d broilers. After three weeks of compensatory growth (22-42 d), only the body weight of broilers with a quantitatively restricted diet remained significantly lower than that of broilers in the control group (P < 0.05), while any type of early feed restriction significantly reduced the mtDNA copy number in muscle tissues of 42 d broilers. In summary, the mtDNA copy number of broilers was regulated in a tissue- and age-specific manner. A similar pattern of spatiotemporal change in response to early feed restriction was found in the mtDNA content of muscle tissues, including cardiac and skeletal muscle, whereas liver mtDNA content changed differently with age and dietary restriction. It seems that early restrictions in feed could effectively lower the mtDNA content in muscle cells to reduce the tissue overload in broilers at 42 d to some degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Zhang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Jiefei Ji
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Huanjie Wang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xinghao Zhu
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Du
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhu
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Huang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China.
| | - Wen Chen
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
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Ahmed MM, Huang C, Shen C, Khan AQ, Lin Z. Map-based cloning of qBWT-c12 discovered brassinosteroid-mediated control of organ size in cotton. Plant Sci 2020; 291:110315. [PMID: 31928681 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Assuring fiber yield stability is the primary objective for cotton breeders since the world population is on the rise, and the demand for cotton fiber is increasing every year. Thus, enhancing average cotton boll weight (BWT) could improve seed cotton production, and ultimately to increase cotton fiber yield. This study accomplished the map-based cloning of a novel boll weight regulating locus, qBWT-c12, in cotton. Bulk segregation analysis detected linked markers, aided in the detection of a stable BWT regulating locus, qBWT-c12, on Chr12 in a novel boll size mutant, BS41. Progeny evaluation confined the qBWT-c12 to a 0.89 cM interval between the AD-A12_07 and AD-FM_44 markers in recombinant derived F3 and F4 populations. Homology mapping detected a 40 bp insertion-deletion (InDel) site in the AD-FM_44 clone sequence situated +341 downstream of GhBRH1_A12, which showed complete linkage to the BWT phenotype. The suppressed expression of GhBRH1_A12 suggested its putative involvement during early boll development events in BS41. Although brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis and signaling pathway genes were up regulated in different tissues, but the organ growth was suppressed leading to dwarf plants, smaller leaves, and de-morphed smaller bolls in BS41. Thus, a disruption in the BR signal cascade is anticipated and could be related to lower GhBRH1_A12 expression in BS41.This study firstly reported the genetic dissection of boll size regulation of G. barbadense in G. hirsutum background using map-based cloning of a BWT regulating locus, qBWT-c12. Moreover, it also emphasized the putative role GhBRH1_A12 in regulating BR homeostasis and its potential to modulate plant growth and boll development in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahmood Ahmed
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Cong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Chao Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Anam Qadir Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhongxu Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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Gao J, Zhou X, Hao Z, Jiang L, Yang R. Genome-wide barebones regression scan for mixed-model association analysis. Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:51-58. [PMID: 31552442 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Based on the simplified FaST-LMM, wherein genomic variance is replaced with heritability, we have significantly improved computational efficiency by implementing rapid R/fastLmPure to statistically infer the genetic effects of tested SNPs and focus on large or highly significant SNPs obtained using the EMMAX algorithm. For a genome-wide mixed-model association analysis, we introduce a barebones linear model fitting function called fastLmPure from the R/RcppArmadillo package for the rapid estimation of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects and the maximum likelihood values of factored spectrally transformed linear mixed models (FaST-LMM). Starting from the estimated genomic heritability of quantitative traits under a null model without quantitative trait nucleotides, maximum likelihood estimations of the polygenic heritabilities of candidate markers consume the same time as approximately four rounds of genome-wide regression scans. When focusing only on SNPs with large effects or high significance levels, as estimated by the efficient mixed-model association expedited algorithm, the run time of genome-wide mixed-model association analysis is reduced to at most two rounds of genome-wide regression scans. We have developed a novel software application called Single-RunKing to transform nonlinear mixed-model association analyses into barebones linear regression scans. Based on a realised relationship matrix calculated using genome-wide markers, Single-RunKing saves significantly computation time, as compared with the FaST-LMM that optimises the variance ratios of polygenic variances to residual variances using the R/lm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Gao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- Zhongbo International Business School, Guangzhou Zhongbo Education Corporation Limited, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Zhiyu Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Research Centre for Aquatic Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China
| | - Runqing Yang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Research Centre for Aquatic Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
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Shen L, Gu Y, Qiu Y, Cheng T, Nie A, Cui C, Fu C, Li T, Li X, Fu L, Wang Y, Ni Q, Wang Q, Wang W, Feng B. Atorvastatin Targets the Islet Mevalonate Pathway to Dysregulate mTOR Signaling and Reduce β-Cell Functional Mass. Diabetes 2020; 69:48-59. [PMID: 31649162 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Statins are cholesterol-lowering agents that increase the incidence of diabetes and impair glucose tolerance via their detrimental effects on nonhepatic tissues, such as pancreatic islets, but the underlying mechanism has not been determined. In atorvastatin (ator)-treated high-fat diet-fed mice, we found reduced pancreatic β-cell size and β-cell mass, fewer mature insulin granules, and reduced insulin secretion and glucose tolerance. Transcriptome profiling of primary pancreatic islets showed that ator inhibited the expression of pancreatic transcription factor, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, and small G protein (sGP) genes. Supplementation of the mevalonate pathway intermediate geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which is produced by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, significantly restored the attenuated mTOR activity, v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA) expression, and β-cell function after ator, lovastatin, rosuvastatin, and fluvastatin treatment; this effect was potentially mediated by sGP prenylation. Rab5a, the sGP in pancreatic islets most affected by ator treatment, was found to positively regulate mTOR signaling and β-cell function. Rab5a knockdown mimicked the effect of ator treatment on β-cells. Thus, ator impairs β-cell function by regulating sGPs, for example, Rab5a, which subsequently attenuates islet mTOR signaling and reduces functional β-cell mass. GGPP supplementation could constitute a new approach for preventing statin-induced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Gu
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Qiu
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aifang Nie
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Canqi Cui
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Fu
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Fu
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qicheng Ni
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qidi Wang
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma J, Tu Y, Zhu J, Luo W, Liu H, Li C, Li S, Liu J, Ding P, Habib A, Mu Y, Tang H, Liu Y, Jiang Q, Chen G, Wang J, Li W, Pu Z, Zheng Y, Wei Y, Kang H, Chen G, Lan X. Flag leaf size and posture of bread wheat: genetic dissection, QTL validation and their relationships with yield-related traits. Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:297-315. [PMID: 31628527 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Major and environmentally stable QTL for flag leaf-related traits in wheat were identified and validated across ten environments using six populations with different genetic backgrounds. Flag leaf size and posture are two important factors of "ideotype" in wheat. Despite numerous studies on genetic analysis of flag leaf size including flag leaf length (FLL), width (FLW), area (FLA) and the ratio of length/width (FLR), few have focused on flag leaf posture including flag leaf angle (FLANG), opening angle (FLOA) and bend angle (FLBA). Further, the numbers of major, environmentally stable and verified genetic loci for flag leaf-related traits are limited. In this study, QTL for FLL, FLW, FLA, FLR, FLANG, FLOA and FLBA were identified based on a recombinant inbred line population together with values from up to ten different environments. Totally, eight major and stably expressed QTL were identified. Three co-located chromosomal intervals for seven major QTL were identified. The five major QTL QFll.sicau-5B.3 and QFll.sicau-2D.3 for FLL, QFlr.sicau-5B for FLR, QFlw.sicau-2D for FLW and QFla.sicau-2D for FLA were successfully validated by the tightly linked Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers in the other five populations with different genetic backgrounds. A few genes related to leaf growth and development in intervals for these major QTL were predicated. Significant relationships between flag leaf- and yield-related traits were evidenced by analyses of Pearson correlations, conditional QTL and genetic mapping. Taken together, these results provide valuable information for understanding flag leaf size and posture of "ideotype" as well as fine mapping and breeding utilization of promising loci in bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Yang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuiqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Puyang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Yang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiantao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jirui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhien Pu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Youliang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Houyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangdeng Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Pan Y, Wang Y, McGregor C, Liu S, Luan F, Gao M, Weng Y. Genetic architecture of fruit size and shape variation in cucurbits: a comparative perspective. Theor Appl Genet 2020; 133:1-21. [PMID: 31768603 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The Cucurbitaceae family hosts many economically important fruit vegetables (cucurbits) such as cucumber, melon, watermelon, pumpkin/squash, and various gourds. The cucurbits are probably best known for the diverse fruit sizes and shapes, but little is known about their genetic basis and molecular regulation. Here, we reviewed the literature on fruit size (FS), shape (FSI), and fruit weight (FW) QTL identified in cucumber, melon, and watermelon, from which 150 consensus QTL for these traits were inferred. Genome-wide survey of the three cucurbit genomes identified 253 homologs of eight classes of fruit or grain size/weight-related genes cloned in Arabidopsis, tomato, and rice that encode proteins containing the characteristic CNR (cell number regulator), CSR (cell size regulator), CYP78A (cytochrome P450), SUN, OVATE, TRM (TONNEAU1 Recruiting Motif), YABBY, and WOX domains. Alignment of the consensus QTL with candidate gene homologs revealed widespread structure and function conservation of fruit size/shape gene homologs in cucurbits, which was exemplified with the fruit size/shape candidate genes CsSUN25-26-27a and CsTRM5 in cucumber, CmOFP1a in melon, and ClSUN25-26-27a in watermelon. In cucurbits, the andromonoecy (for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase) and the carpel number (for CLAVATA3) loci are known to have pleiotropic effects on fruit shape, which may complicate identification of fruit size/shape candidate genes in these regions. The present work illustrates the power of comparative analysis in understanding the genetic architecture of fruit size/shape variation, which may facilitate QTL mapping and cloning for fruit size-related traits in cucurbits. The limitations and perspectives of this approach are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Pan
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cecilia McGregor
- Department of Horticulture and Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Shi Liu
- College of Horticulture and, Landscape Architecture at Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and, Landscape Architecture at Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Meiling Gao
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, 1575 Linden Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Palu RAS, Ong E, Stevens K, Chung S, Owings KG, Goodman AG, Chow CY. Natural Genetic Variation Screen in Drosophila Identifies Wnt Signaling, Mitochondrial Metabolism, and Redox Homeostasis Genes as Modifiers of Apoptosis. G3 (Bethesda) 2019; 9:3995-4005. [PMID: 31570502 PMCID: PMC6893197 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is the primary cause of degeneration in a number of neuronal, muscular, and metabolic disorders. These diseases are subject to a great deal of phenotypic heterogeneity in patient populations, primarily due to differences in genetic variation between individuals. This creates a barrier to effective diagnosis and treatment. Understanding how genetic variation influences apoptosis could lead to the development of new therapeutics and better personalized treatment approaches. In this study, we examine the impact of the natural genetic variation in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) on two models of apoptosis-induced retinal degeneration: overexpression of p53 or reaper (rpr). We identify a number of known apoptotic, neural, and developmental genes as candidate modifiers of degeneration. We also use Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify pathways that harbor genetic variation that impact these apoptosis models, including Wnt signaling, mitochondrial metabolism, and redox homeostasis. Finally, we demonstrate that many of these candidates have a functional effect on apoptosis and degeneration. These studies provide a number of avenues for modifying genes and pathways of apoptosis-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A S Palu
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Elaine Ong
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Kaitlyn Stevens
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Shani Chung
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Katie G Owings
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Alan G Goodman
- School of Molecular Biosciences, and
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Clement Y Chow
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112,
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Zafar U, Khaliq S, Ahmad HU, Lone KP. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 34C>G variant and anthropometric parameters in metabolic syndrome. J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69:1259-1265. [PMID: 31511709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of 34 Cytosine >Guanine (proline 12 alanine) variant of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, and to associate it with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and anthropometric obesity parameters. METHODS The cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 2016 to 2017, and comprised patients of metabolic syndrome and healthy controls. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements of all the subjects were recorded. Fasting blood sample of 4ml was taken for biochemical parameter and deoxyribonucleic acid extraction. The frequency of genetic variant was determined by amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. RESULTS Out of 400 subjects, 200 (50%) each were patients and controls. Overall, there were 308 (77%) males and 92 (23%) females. Patients had significantly higher blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, mid-arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness compared to the controls (p<0.0001). Insulin resistance was also significantly higher in the patients (p<0.0001) and showed significant correlation with body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, mid-arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness (p<0.05).Waist circumference and triceps skinfold thickness were significant predictors of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Overall, the frequency of homozygous dominant genotype CC of PPAR2 34C>G was 291 (72.75%), heterozygous CG was 93 (23.25%) and homozygous recessive GG was 16 (4%).There was no significant difference in frequency of genotypes between the groups (p=0.216). However, waist circumference and body mass index were significantly lower in GG genotype compared to the CC (p=0.006 versus p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Waist circumference and triceps skinfold thickness were found to be the significant predictors of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, while no association was found between 34 C>G variant of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zafar
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
| | - Saba Khaliq
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
| | - Hafiz Usman Ahmad
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
| | - Khalid Pervaiz Lone
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore
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Sanchez JA, Mesquita D, Ingaramo MC, Ariel F, Milán M, Dekanty A. Eiger/TNFα-mediated Dilp8 and ROS production coordinate intra-organ growth in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008133. [PMID: 31425511 PMCID: PMC6715248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated intra- and inter-organ growth during animal development is essential to ensure a correctly proportioned individual. The Drosophila wing has been a valuable model system to reveal the existence of a stress response mechanism involved in the coordination of growth between adjacent cell populations and to identify a role of the fly orthologue of p53 (Dmp53) in this process. Here we identify the molecular mechanisms used by Dmp53 to regulate growth and proliferation in a non-autonomous manner. First, Dmp53-mediated transcriptional induction of Eiger, the fly orthologue of TNFα ligand, leads to the cell-autonomous activation of JNK. Second, two distinct signaling events downstream of the Eiger/JNK axis are induced in order to independently regulate tissue size and cell number in adjacent cell populations. Whereas expression of the hormone dILP8 acts systemically to reduce growth rates and tissue size of adjacent cell populations, the production of Reactive Oxygen Species—downstream of Eiger/JNK and as a consequence of apoptosis induction—acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner to reduce proliferation rates. Our results unravel how local and systemic signals act concertedly within a tissue to coordinate growth and proliferation, thereby generating well-proportioned organs and functionally integrated adults. The coordination of growth between the parts of a given developing organ is an absolute requirement for the generation of functionally integrated structures during animal development. Although this question has fascinated biologists for centuries, the molecular mechanisms responsible have remained elusive to date. In this work, we used the developing wing primordium of Drosophila to identify the molecular mechanisms and signaling molecules that mediate communication between adjacent cell populations upon a targeted reduction of growth rate. We first present evidence that the activation of Dmp53 in the growth-depleted territory induces the expression of the fly TNF ligand Eiger, which activates the JNK stress signaling pathway in a cell-autonomous manner. While JNK-dependent expression of the systemic hormone dILP8 reduces the growth and final size of adjacent territories, the production of Reactive Oxygen Species downstream of JNK and the apoptotic machinery act locally to regulate the proliferation of adjacent epithelial cells. Our data reveal how different signals, acting both locally and systemically, can regulate tissue growth and cell proliferation in an independent manner to coordinate the tissue size and cell number of different parts of an organ, ultimately giving rise to well-proportioned adult structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Sanchez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Duarte Mesquita
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María C. Ingaramo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Federico Ariel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marco Milán
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MM); (AD)
| | - Andrés Dekanty
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- * E-mail: (MM); (AD)
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van der Lee SJ, Knol MJ, Chauhan G, Satizabal CL, Smith AV, Hofer E, Bis JC, Hibar DP, Hilal S, van den Akker EB, Arfanakis K, Bernard M, Yanek LR, Amin N, Crivello F, Cheung JW, Harris TB, Saba Y, Lopez OL, Li S, van der Grond J, Yu L, Paus T, Roshchupkin GV, Amouyel P, Jahanshad N, Taylor KD, Yang Q, Mathias RA, Boehringer S, Mazoyer B, Rice K, Cheng CY, Maillard P, van Heemst D, Wong TY, Niessen WJ, Beiser AS, Beekman M, Zhao W, Nyquist PA, Chen C, Launer LJ, Psaty BM, Ikram MK, Vernooij MW, Schmidt H, Pausova Z, Becker DM, De Jager PL, Thompson PM, van Duijn CM, Bennett DA, Slagboom PE, Schmidt R, Longstreth WT, Ikram MA, Seshadri S, Debette S, Gudnason V, Adams HHH, DeCarli C. A genome-wide association study identifies genetic loci associated with specific lobar brain volumes. Commun Biol 2019; 2:285. [PMID: 31396565 PMCID: PMC6677735 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain lobar volumes are heritable but genetic studies are limited. We performed genome-wide association studies of frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal lobe volumes in 16,016 individuals, and replicated our findings in 8,789 individuals. We identified six genetic loci associated with specific lobar volumes independent of intracranial volume. Two loci, associated with occipital (6q22.32) and temporal lobe volume (12q14.3), were previously reported to associate with intracranial and hippocampal volume, respectively. We identified four loci previously unknown to affect brain volumes: 3q24 for parietal lobe volume, and 1q22, 4p16.3 and 14q23.1 for occipital lobe volume. The associated variants were located in regions enriched for histone modifications (DAAM1 and THBS3), or close to genes causing Mendelian brain-related diseases (ZIC4 and FGFRL1). No genetic overlap between lobar volumes and neurological or psychiatric diseases was observed. Our findings reveal part of the complex genetics underlying brain development and suggest a role for regulatory regions in determining brain volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven J. van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Maria J. Knol
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Erik B. van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628XE the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Statistical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Manon Bernard
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 ON Canada
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Neurofunctional Imaging Group - Neurodegenerative Diseases Institute, UMR 5293, Team 5 - CEA - CNRS - Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, 33076 France
| | - Josh W. Cheung
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Research Unit-Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, M4G 1R8 Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada
| | - Gennady V. Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, LabEx DISTALZ-UMR1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics at LABioMed-Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Stefan Boehringer
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Statistical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Neurofunctional Imaging Group - Neurodegenerative Diseases Institute, UMR 5293, Team 5 - CEA - CNRS - Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, 33076 France
| | - Ken Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Ching Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Pauline Maillard
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Wiro J. Niessen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2629HZ the Netherlands
| | - Alexa S. Beiser
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Paul A. Nyquist
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - M. Kamran Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Research Unit-Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 ON Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Diane M. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
| | - W. T. Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33000 France
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hieab H. H. Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
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Ooi BNS, Loh H, Ho PJ, Milne RL, Giles G, Gao C, Kraft P, John EM, Swerdlow A, Brenner H, Wu AH, Haiman C, Evans DG, Zheng W, Fasching PA, Castelao JE, Kwong A, Shen X, Czene K, Hall P, Dunning A, Easton D, Hartman M, Li J. The genetic interplay between body mass index, breast size and breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:781-794. [PMID: 31243447 PMCID: PMC6659372 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence linking breast size to breast cancer risk has been inconsistent, and its interpretation is often hampered by confounding factors such as body mass index (BMI). Here, we used linkage disequilibrium score regression and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the genetic associations between BMI, breast size and breast cancer risk. METHODS Summary-level genotype data from 23andMe, Inc (breast size, n = 33 790), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (breast cancer risk, n = 228 951) and the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (BMI, n = 183 507) were used for our analyses. In assessing causal relationships, four complementary MR techniques [inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode and MR-Egger regression] were used to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS The genetic correlation (rg) estimated between BMI and breast size was high (rg = 0.50, P = 3.89x10-43). All MR methods provided consistent evidence that higher genetically predicted BMI was associated with larger breast size [odds ratio (ORIVW): 2.06 (1.80-2.35), P = 1.38x10-26] and lower overall breast cancer risk [ORIVW: 0.81 (0.74-0.89), P = 9.44x10-6]. No evidence of a relationship between genetically predicted breast size and breast cancer risk was found except when using the weighted median and weighted mode methods, and only with oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative risk. There was no evidence of reverse causality in any of the analyses conducted (P > 0.050). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a potential positive causal association between BMI and breast size and a potential negative causal association between BMI and breast cancer risk. We found no clear evidence for a direct relationship between breast size and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huiwen Loh
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peh Joo Ho
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chi Gao
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston, USA
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology and Division of Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research, London UK
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, The University of Manchester Manchester, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Vanderbilt University Nashville, USA
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Jose Esteban Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Ava Kwong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Xia Shen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Insititute Stockholm, Sweden
- Biostatistics Group, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kamila Czene
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Per Hall
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alison Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Douglas Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingmei Li
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Gilardi F, Winkler C, Quignodon L, Diserens JG, Toffoli B, Schiffrin M, Sardella C, Preitner F, Desvergne B. Systemic PPARγ deletion in mice provokes lipoatrophy, organomegaly, severe type 2 diabetes and metabolic inflexibility. Metabolism 2019; 95:8-20. [PMID: 30878493 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor involved in many aspects of metabolism, immune response and development. Numerous studies relying on tissue-specific invalidation of the Pparg gene have shown distinct facets of its activity, whereas the effects of its systemic inactivation remain unexplored due to embryonic lethality. By maintaining PPARγ expression in the placenta, we recently generated a mouse model carrying Pparg full body deletion (PpargΔ/Δ), which in contrast to a previously published model is totally deprived of any form of adipose tissue. Herein, we propose an in-depth study of the metabolic alterations observed in this new model. METHODS Young adult mice, both males and females analyzed separately, were first phenotyped for their gross anatomical alterations. Systemic metabolic parameters were analyzed in the blood, in static and in dynamic conditions. A full exploration of energy metabolism was performed in calorimetric cages as well as in metabolic cages. Our study was completed by expression analyses of a set of specific genes. MAIN FINDINGS PpargΔ/Δ mice show a striking complete absence of any form of adipose tissue, which triggers a complex metabolic phenotype including increased lean mass with organomegaly, hypermetabolism, urinary energy loss, hyperphagia, and increased amino acid metabolism. PpargΔ/Δ mice develop severe type 2 diabetes, characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, polyuria and polydispsia. They show a remarkable metabolic inflexibility, as indicated by the inability to shift substrate oxidation between glucose and lipids, in both ad libitum fed state and fed/fasted/refed transitions. Moreover, upon fasting PpargΔ/Δ mice enter a severe hypometabolic state. CONCLUSIONS Our data comprehensively describe the impact of lipoatrophy on metabolic homeostasis. As such, the presented data on PpargΔ/Δ mice gives new clues on what and how to explore severe lipodystrophy and its subsequent metabolic complications in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gilardi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Carine Winkler
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Quignodon
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Gael Diserens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Toffoli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mariano Schiffrin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Sardella
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Preitner
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Desvergne
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Foxc2 is one of the earliest podocyte markers during glomerular development. To circumvent embryonic lethal effects of global deletion of Foxc2, and to specifically investigate the role of Foxc2 in podocytes, we generated mice with a podocyte-specific Foxc2 deletion. Mice carrying the homozygous deletion developed early proteinuria which progressed rapidly into end stage kidney failure and death around postnatal day 10. Conditional loss of Foxc2 in podocytes caused typical characteristics of podocyte injury, such as podocyte foot process effacement and podocyte microvillus transformation, probably caused by disruption of the slit diaphragm. These effects were accompanied by a redistribution of several proteins known to be necessary for correct podocyte structure. One target gene that showed reduced glomerular expression was Nrp1, the gene encoding neuropilin 1, a protein that has been linked to diabetic nephropathy and proteinuria. We could show that NRP1 was regulated by Foxc2 in vitro, but podocyte-specific ablation of Nrp1 in mice did not generate any phenotype in terms of proteinuria, suggesting that the gene might have more important roles in endothelial cells than in podocytes. Taken together, this study highlights a critical role for Foxc2 as an important gene for podocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Mikael Heglind
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Zahra Arani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Sven Enerbäck
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell BiologyInstitute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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Schmitt JE, Neale MC, Clasen LS, Liu S, Seidlitz J, Pritikin JN, Chu A, Wallace GL, Lee NR, Giedd JN, Raznahan A. A Comprehensive Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Cerebral Surface Area in Youth. J Neurosci 2019; 39:3028-3040. [PMID: 30833512 PMCID: PMC6468099 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2248-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetics of cortical arealization in youth is not well understood. In this study, we use a genetically informative sample of 677 typically developing children and adolescents (mean age 12.72 years), high-resolution MRI, and quantitative genetic methodology to address several fundamental questions on the genetics of cerebral surface area. We estimate that >85% of the phenotypic variance in total brain surface area in youth is attributable to additive genetic factors. We also observed pronounced regional variability in the genetic influences on surface area, with the most heritable areas seen in primary visual and visual association cortex. A shared global genetic factor strongly influenced large areas of the frontal and temporal cortex, mirroring regions that are the most evolutionarily novel in humans relative to other primates. In contrast to studies on older populations, we observed statistically significant genetic correlations between measures of surface area and cortical thickness (rG = 0.63), suggestive of overlapping genetic influences between these endophenotypes early in life. Finally, we identified strong and highly asymmetric genetically mediated associations between Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient and left perisylvian surface area, particularly receptive language centers. Our findings suggest that spatially complex and temporally dynamic genetic factors are influencing cerebral surface area in our species.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Over evolution, the human cortex has undergone massive expansion. In humans, patterns of neurodevelopmental expansion mirror evolutionary changes. However, there is a sparsity of information on how genetics impacts surface area maturation. Here, we present a systematic analysis of the genetics of cerebral surface area in youth. We confirm prior research that implicates genetics as the dominant force influencing individual differences in global surface area. We also find evidence that evolutionarily novel brain regions share common genetics, that overlapping genetic factors influence both area and thickness in youth, and the presence of strong genetically mediated associations between intelligence and surface area in language centers. These findings further elucidate the complex role that genetics plays in brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eric Schmitt
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Division of Neuroradiology, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,
| | - Michael C Neale
- Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Liv S Clasen
- Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Joshua N Pritikin
- Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Alan Chu
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Gregory L Wallace
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Nancy Raitano Lee
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Jay N Giedd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Kang KS, Hong JM, Horan DJ, Lim KE, Bullock WA, Bruzzaniti A, Hann S, Warman ML, Robling AG. Induction of Lrp5 HBM-causing mutations in Cathepsin-K expressing cells alters bone metabolism. Bone 2019; 120:166-175. [PMID: 30409757 PMCID: PMC6360125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High-bone-mass (HBM)-causing missense mutations in the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-5 (Lrp5) are associated with increased osteoanabolic action and protection from disuse- and ovariectomy-induced osteopenia. These mutations (e.g., A214V and G171V) confer resistance to endogenous secreted Lrp5/6 inhibitors, such as sclerostin (SOST) and Dickkopf homolog-1 (DKK1). Cells in the osteoblast lineage are responsive to canonical Wnt stimulation, but recent work has indicated that osteoclasts exhibit both indirect and direct responsiveness to canonical Wnt. Whether Lrp5-HBM receptors, expressed in osteoclasts, might alter osteoclast differentiation, activity, and consequent net bone balance in the skeleton, is not known. To address this, we bred mice harboring heterozygous Lrp5 HBM-causing conditional knock-in alleles to Ctsk-Cre transgenic mice and studied the phenotype using DXA, μCT, histomorphometry, serum assays, and primary cell culture. Mice with HBM alleles induced in Ctsk-expressing cells (TG) exhibited higher bone mass and architectural properties compared to non-transgenic (NTG) counterparts. In vivo and in vitro measurements of osteoclast activity, population density, and differentiation yielded significant reductions in osteoclast-related parameters in female but not male TG mice. Droplet digital PCR performed on osteocyte enriched cortical bone tubes from TG and NTG mice revealed that ~8-17% of the osteocyte population (depending on sex) underwent recombination of the conditional Lrp5 allele in the presence of Ctsk-Cre. Further, bone formation parameters in the midshaft femur cortex show a small but significant increase in anabolic action on the endocortical but not periosteal surface. These findings suggest that Wnt/Lrp5 signaling in osteoclasts affects osteoclastogenesis and activity in female mice, but also that some of the changes in bone mass in TG mice might be due to Cre expression in the osteocyte population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Shin Kang
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; School of Physical Science & Engineering, Anderson University, Anderson, IN, USA
| | - Jung Min Hong
- Department of Biomedical & Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel J Horan
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kyung-Eun Lim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Whitney A Bullock
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angela Bruzzaniti
- Department of Biomedical & Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Steven Hann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew L Warman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander G Robling
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Zhang J, Schmidt CJ, Lamont SJ. Distinct genes and pathways associated with transcriptome differences in early cardiac development between fast- and slow-growing broilers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207715. [PMID: 30517173 PMCID: PMC6281182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern fast-growing broilers are susceptible to cardiac dysfunctions because their relatively small hearts cannot adequately meet the increased need of pumping blood through a large body mass. To improve cardiac health in broilers through breeding, we need to identify the genes and pathways that contribute to imbalanced cardiac development and occurrence of heart dysfunction. Two broiler lines–Ross 708 and Illinois–were included in this study as models of modern fast-growing and heritage slow-growing broilers, respectively. The left ventricular transcriptome were compared between the two broiler lines at day 6 and 21 post hatch through RNA-seq analysis to identify genes and pathways regulating compromised cardiac development in modern broilers. Number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs, p<0.05) between the two broiler lines increased from 321 at day 6 to 819 at day 21. As the birds grew, Ross broilers showed more DEGs (n = 1879) than Illinois broilers (n = 1117). Both broilers showed significant change of muscle related genes and immune genes, but Ross broilers showed remarkable change of expression of several lipid transporter genes including APOA4, APOB, APOH, FABP4 and RBP7. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) suggested that increased cell apoptosis and inhibited cell cycle due to increased lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress may be related to the increased cardiac dysfunctions in fast-growing broilers. Cell cycle regulatory pathways like “Mitotic Roles of Polo-like Kinases” are ranked as the top changed pathways related to the cell apoptosis. These findings provide further insight into the cardiac dysfunction in modern broilers and also potential targets for improvement of their cardiac health through breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Schmidt
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Susan J. Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Veale AJ, Foster BJ, Dearden PK, Waters JM. Genotyping-by-sequencing supports a genetic basis for wing reduction in an alpine New Zealand stonefly. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16275. [PMID: 30389951 PMCID: PMC6215011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wing polymorphism is a prominent feature of numerous insect groups, but the genomic basis for this diversity remains poorly understood. Wing reduction is a commonly observed trait in many species of stoneflies, particularly in cold or alpine environments. The widespread New Zealand stonefly Zelandoperla fenestrata species group (Z. fenestrata, Z. tillyardi, Z. pennulata) contains populations ranging from fully winged (macropterous) to vestigial-winged (micropterous), with the latter phenotype typically associated with high altitudes. The presence of flightless forms on numerous mountain ranges, separated by lowland fully winged populations, suggests wing reduction has occurred multiple times. We use Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) to test for genetic differentiation between fully winged (n = 62) and vestigial-winged (n = 34) individuals, sampled from a sympatric population of distinct wing morphotypes, to test for a genetic basis for wing morphology. While we found no population genetic differentiation between these two morphotypes across 6,843 SNP loci, we did detect several outlier loci that strongly differentiated morphotypes across independent tests. These findings indicate that small regions of the genome are likely to be highly differentiated between morphotypes, suggesting a genetic basis for wing reduction. Our results provide a clear basis for ongoing genomic analysis to elucidate critical regulatory pathways for wing development in Pterygota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Veale
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec, Auckland, 1025, New Zealand
| | - Brodie J Foster
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Peter K Dearden
- Genomics Aotearoa and Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan M Waters
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
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Nishina K, Takagishi H, Fermin ASR, Inoue-Murayama M, Takahashi H, Sakagami M, Yamagishi T. Association of the oxytocin receptor gene with attitudinal trust: role of amygdala volume. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 13:1091-1097. [PMID: 30202991 PMCID: PMC6204480 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that genetic variations in rs53576, a common variant of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) resulting from a single nucleotide polymorphism involving an adenine (A)/guanine (G) transition, are associated with attitudinal trust in men. However, the pathway from gene to behaviour has not been elucidated. We conducted the present study to determine whether amygdala volume mediates the association between OXTR rs53576 genotypes and attitudinal trust. Our results revealed that the left amygdala volume was significantly smaller in GG men than in AA and AG men, whereas it was significantly smaller in AA and AG women than in GG women. In addition, the left amygdala volume was negatively associated with attitudinal trust in men, whereas there was no such association in women. We also found a significant mediation effect of the left amygdala volume on the association between OXTR rs53576 genotypes and attitudinal trust in men. The results of our study suggest that the left amygdala volume plays a pivotal role in the association between OXTR rs53576 genotypes and attitudinal trust in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyuki Nishina
- Graduate School of Brain Sciences, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruto Takagishi
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A S R Fermin
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Inoue-Murayama
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takahashi
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamichi Sakagami
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Yamagishi
- Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University, Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Li W, Yang Z, Yao J, Li J, Song W, Yang X. Cellulose synthase-like D1 controls organ size in maize. BMC Plant Biol 2018; 18:239. [PMID: 30326832 PMCID: PMC6192064 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant architecture is a critical factor that affects planting density and, consequently, grain yield in maize. The genes or loci that determine organ size are the key regulators of plant architecture. Thus, understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of organ size will inform the use of a molecular manipulation approach to improve maize plant architecture and grain yield. RESULTS A total of 18 unique quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for 11 agronomic traits in the F2 and F2:3 segregating populations derived from a cross between a double haploid line with a small plant architecture (MT03-1) and an inbred line with a large plant architecture (LEE-12). Subsequently, we showed that one QTL, qLW10, for multiple agronomic traits that relate to plant organ size reflects allelic variation in ZmCSLD1, which encodes a cellulose synthase-like D protein. ZmCSLD1 was localized to the trans-Golgi and was highly expressed in the rapidly growing regions. The loss of ZmCSLD1 function decreased cell division, which resulted in smaller organs with fewer cell numbers and, in turn, pleiotropic effects on multiple agronomic traits. In addition, intragenic complementation was investigated for two Zmcsld1 alleles with nonsynonymous SNPs in different functional domains, and the mechanism of this complementation was determined to be through homodimeric interactions. CONCLUSIONS Through positional cloning by using two populations and allelism tests, qLW10 for organ size was resolved to be a cellulose synthase-like D family gene, ZmCSLD1. ZmCSLD1 has pleiotropic effects on multiple agronomic traits that alter plant organ size by changing the process of cell division. These findings provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism that underlies plant organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhixing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jieyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Weibin Song
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, MOA Key Lab of Maize Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Abstract
Elephants and fruit bats have evolved large brains even though they have lost a gene that is fundamental to the supply of energy to the brain when glucose is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Cañestro
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i EstadísticaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Vittoria Roncalli
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i EstadísticaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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