Measurement of Suppression of Large-Radius Jets and Its Dependence on Substructure in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

This letter presents a measurement of the nuclear modification factor of large-radius jets in sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV Pb+Pb collisions by the ATLAS experiment. The measurement is performed using 1.72  nb^{-1} and 257  pb^{-1} of Pb+Pb and pp data, respectively. The large-radius jets are reconstructed with the anti-k_{t} algorithm using a radius parameter of R=1.0, by reclustering anti-k_{t} R=0.2 jets, and are measured over the transverse momentum (p_{T}) kinematic range of 158 Collapse

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Measurement of the Sensitivity of Two-Particle Correlations in pp Collisions to the Presence of Hard Scatterings

A key open question in the study of multiparticle production in high-energy pp collisions is the relationship between the "ridge"-i.e., the observed azimuthal correlations between particles in the underlying event that extend over all rapidities-and hard or semihard scattering processes. In particular, it is not known whether jets or their soft fragments are correlated with particles in the underlying event. To address this question, two-particle correlations are measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV using data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, with an integrated luminosity of 15.8  pb^{-1}, in two different configurations. In the first case, charged particles associated with jets are excluded from the correlation analysis, while in the second case, correlations are measured between particles within jets and charged particles from the underlying event. Second-order flow coefficients, v_{2}, are presented as a function of event multiplicity and transverse momentum. These measurements show that excluding particles associated with jets does not affect the measured correlations. Moreover, particles associated with jets do not exhibit any significant azimuthal correlations with the underlying event, ruling out hard processes contributing to the ridge.

Observation of an Excess of Dicharmonium Events in the Four-Muon Final State with the ATLAS Detector

A search is made for potential ccc[over ¯]c[over ¯] tetraquarks decaying into a pair of charmonium states in the four muon final state using proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140  fb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS experiment at LHC. Two decay channels, J/ψ+J/ψ→4μ and J/ψ+ψ(2S)→4μ, are studied. Backgrounds are estimated based on a hybrid approach involving Monte Carlo simulations and data-driven methods. Statistically significant excesses with respect to backgrounds dominated by the single parton scattering are seen in the di-J/ψ channel consistent with a narrow resonance at 6.9 GeV and a broader structure at lower mass. A statistically significant excess is also seen in the J/ψ+ψ(2S) channel. The fitted masses and decay widths of the structures are reported.

[Investigation and analysis of oral health resources allocation status in Yunnan Province]

Objective: To investigate and analyze the allocation status of oral health resources in Yunnan Province at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, providing a scientific basis for the rational resource allocation and formulation regional oral health plan for government health administrative departments. Methods: With the method of general survey, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the allocation of material and human resources of all kinds of stomatological medical institutions registered in the health administrative departments in Yunnan before January 1, 2020. The general situation of oral health resources was analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. Results: There were 2 712 stomatological medical institutions in Yunnan, 634 public and 2 078 non-public included. The largest number was in Kunming (1 167) and the least in Diqing (19). There were 9 018 dental chairs in total, among which 2 584 in public and 6 434 in non-public. Kunming had the largest number of chairs (3 612) and Nujiang had the least (57). There were 702 oral and maxillofacial surgical beds, all of which were distributed in public. There were 15 148 stomatological personnel, including 3 667 in public and 11 481 in non-public. The average ratio of stomatologist to population was 1∶6 615. Dehong (1∶6 620) was close to this average level, while Kunming (1∶2 283) and Yuxi (1∶4 936) were lower than the average and the other 13 states (cities) were higher. The population ratio of licensed stomatologist was only 1∶9 110. The average ratio of stomatologist to nurses was 1∶0.94. Honghe (1∶1.05), Kunming (1∶1.00), Yuxi (1∶1.18) and Qujing (1∶0.94) was better than or reached the average level, while the other 13 states (cities) were lower than this average. And this ratio in public comprehensive medical institutions was only 1∶0.38. Conclusions: The distribution of oral health resources in Yunnan was unbalanced between public and non-public institutions and among states (cities), mainly distributed in economically developed states (cities) and non-public institutions. For the oral health in Yunnan Province, the workforce was insufficient and the structure was unreasonable, and the proportion of nurses was seriously insufficient in public comprehensive medical institutions.

The Impact of Co-Alterations on Outcomes after Local Therapy for Patients with KRAS-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastases

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)

Brain metastases are common in NSCLC with up to 25% of patients having brain metastases (BMs) at the time of diagnosis and 30% developing BMs during their disease course. KRAS is an oncogenic driver in approximately 25% of lung adenocarcinomas. Genomic alterations co-occurring with KRAS are associated with distinct biological landscapes which may influence prognosis. Herein, we sought to identify correlations between genomic profiles, intracranial progression free survival (iPFS), and overall survival (OS).

MATERIALS/METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed 156 patients with KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma BM who underwent SRS for their BMs at MSKCC from 2010-2022. Each patient had at least one tumor sample profiled with MSK-IMPACT, a custom FDA-cleared next-generation sequencing. Mutations, copy number alterations, and fusions were filtered for driver alterations using OncoKB. Survival outcomes were calculated from date of MRI indicating metastatic brain disease.

RESULTS

Of the 156 patients, 80 patients presented with BMs at diagnosis whereas 76 developed BMs during their disease course, with a median 2 lines of therapy prior to BM diagnosis. The most common KRAS mutation was G12C (n = 64; 41%), G12V (n = 26, 17%), G12D (n = 17; 11%), and G12A (n = 11; 7%). The most frequently co-altered genes were TP53 (n = 71, 46%), STK11 (n = 51, 33%), CDKN2A (n = 27, 17%), KEAP1 (n = 17, 11%), and SMARCA4 (n = 10, 6%). The presence of a KEAP1 co-occurring alteration was associated with inferior iPFS (HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.05 - 3.59, p = 0.035) and the presence of SMARCA4 was also associated with inferior iPFS (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.05 - 4.95, p = 0.038). The presence of an STK11 mutation was associated with worse OS (HR 1.57, 95% 1.01 - 2.43, p = 0.045). In a multi-variate clinico-genomic model, KEAP1 and STK11 co-occurring alterations remained significantly associated with iPFS. Patients with KEAP1-altered tumors had an increased incidence of intracranial regional progression. The 24-month cumulative incidence of regional progression amongst KEAP1-altered tumors was 57% (95% CI, 29%-77%) compared with 37% (95% CI, 29%-46%) among KEAP1-wildtype tumors (P = 0.041). Patients with CDKN2A-altered tumors had an increased incidence of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) as a form of intracranial progression. The 24-month cumulative incidence of LMD amongst CDKN2A-altered tumors was 11% (95% CI, 2.7%-27%) compared with 4.1% (95% CI, 1.5%-8.8%) among CDKN2A-wildtype tumors (P = 0.023).

CONCLUSION

In our cohort of molecularly profiled KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma BM patients treated with SRS, we found that co-occurring KEAP1 and STK11 were significantly associated with worse iPFS. We also observed that CDKN2A co-altered tumors had an increased incidence of LMD. These findings have implications for future efforts to personalize brain metastasis management based on comprehensive genomic profiling.

Nomogram to Predict Risk of Early Mortality Following Definitive or Adjuvant Radiation and Systemic Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)

Tools to predict individual patient risk for early mortality in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiation are lacking. We sought to create a nomogram to predict individual risk of early mortality, which may help identify patients who require interventions to prevent early death.

MATERIALS/METHODS

We included patients in the National Cancer Database with non-metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who received radiation and systemic therapy between 2004 and 2017 in either the definitive or adjuvant setting. Covariates analyzed in the cohort include race, gender, income, age, T and N category, tumor site, insurance type, facility type, urban or rural environment, radiation modality, and comorbidity. Early mortality was defined as any death less than 90 days after the beginning of radiation. Chi-squared analysis was used for all categorical covariates and t-tests were used for continuous variables to test for associations with early mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between covariates and early mortality. Nomograms to predict the risk of early death were created for both the definitive and adjuvant settings.

RESULTS

The final cohorts included 84,563 patients in the definitive group and 18,514 patients in the adjuvant group. Rates of early mortality were 3.5% (95% CI 3.4-3.7%) and 2.2% (95% CI 1.9-2.4%) in the definitive and adjuvant cohorts, respectively. Patients above the age of 70 had an early mortality rate of 7.8% (95% CI 7.3-8.2%) in the definitive group and 4.4% (95% CI 3.6-5.4%) in the adjuvant group. In the multivariable analysis, age, comorbidity, T and N category, and tumor site were associated with early mortality in both cohorts (p<0.05 for all); while in the definitive group, radiation type, year of diagnosis, and insurance status were also statistically significant (p<0.05). In both cohorts, nomograms were created to predict the risk of early mortality that included age, comorbidity, T and N category and tumor site. The nomogram including age, comorbidity, T and N category and tumor site performed better than age alone at predicting early mortality (AUC for definitive group: 0.70 vs 0.66; AUC for adjuvant group: 0.71 vs 0.61).

CONCLUSION

Nomograms including age, comorbidity, T and N category and tumor site were developed to predict the risk of early death following definitive or adjuvant chemoradiation.

[Safety and survival analysis of haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with severe aplastic anemia who had previous failure to antithymoglobulin treatment]

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) conditioning with the same dosage form of antithymoglobulin (ATG) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) failure to ATG. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 65 patients with SAA who failed ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage of ATG at the Institute of Hematology, Peking University People's Hospital between July 2008 and October 2020 were included as the ATG treatment failure group. An additional 65 SAA patients who applied ATG for the first time during haplo-HSCT were randomly selected by stratified sampling as the first-line haplo-HSCT group. Baseline clinical data and follow-up data of the two groups were collected. Conditioning-related toxicity within 10 days after ATG application and long-term prognosis were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier was used to calculate the overall survival rate, and the Log-rank test was applied to compare the rates of the two groups. Results: In the ATG treatment failure group, there were 36 males and 29 females, and the age at the time of transplantation [M (Q1, Q3)] was 16 (8, 25) years. In the first-line haplo-HSCT group, there were 35 males and 30 females, with a median age of 17 (7, 26) years. Within 10 days of ATG application, the incidence of noninfectious fever, noninfectious diarrhea, and liver injury in the ATG treatment failure group was 78% (51 cases), 45% (29 cases), and 28% (18 cases), respectively, and in the first-line haplo-HSCT group was 74% (48 cases), 54% (35 cases), and 25% (16 cases), respectively; the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant for any of these three parameters (all P>0.05). For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), there was no significant difference between the ATG treatment failure group and the first-line haplo-HSCT group in the development of 100 day Ⅱ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (29.51%±0.35% vs. 25.42%±0.33%), Ⅲ to Ⅳ acute GVHD (6.56%±0.10% vs. 6.78%±0.11%), and 3-year chronic GVHD (26.73%±0.36% vs. 21.15%±0.30%) (all P>0.05). Three-year overall survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 84.6%±4.5%) and 3-year failure-free survival (79.6%±5.1% vs. 81.5%±4.8%) were also comparable between these two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with no exposure to ATG before HSCT, similar early adverse effects and comparable survival outcomes were achieved in patients with SAA who failed previous ATG treatment and received haplo-HSCT conditioning with the same dosage form of ATG. This might indicate that previous failure of ATG treatment does not significantly impact the efficacy and safety of salvaging haplo-HSCT in patients with SAA.

Impact of Surveillance Imaging in Patients with HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Carcinomas Treated with Definitive Radiation and Chemotherapy

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)

Post-treatment surveillance imaging for HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPCs) differs among physicians and institutions. Surveillance imaging can detect disease progression earlier, but can also contribute to anxiety and cost, without proven disease-free or survival benefit. We sought to determine the number of surveillance scans needed to detect a recurrence in patients with HPV-associated OPCs.

MATERIALS/METHODS

We included consecutive patients with locally advanced HPV-associated OPC that received definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with 70 Gy between March 1, 2017 to July 31, 2019. First post-treatment scans were defined as the first scans following the end of CRT. Surveillance scans were defined as body FDG PET/CTs, neck or chest CTs, and neck MRIs taken after the first post-treatment scans showed no evidence of disease. Any scans ordered to follow suspicious lesions on first post-treatment scans were not counted as surveillance scans. Recurrences were classified as detected by first post-treatment scans, surveillance scans, clinical exam, or incidental findings. The number of surveillance scans needed to detect 1 recurrence was determined by dividing the number of surveillance scans by the number of recurrences detected by surveillance scans.

RESULTS

There were a total of 275 patients with median follow-up of 39.8 months (Interquartile Range (IQR), 34.9-47.8). Surveillance scans were first taken at a median of 12.1 months (IQR, 9.2-16) post-CRT. There were 27 (9.8%) patients who had a recurrence: 7 (2.5%) had locoregional recurrence (LR), 19 (6.9%) had distant metastasis (DM), and 1 (0.4%) had both LR and DM. LR was detected at a median of 5.8 months (IQR, 3.4-10.6) post-CRT and DM was detected at a median of 9.5 months (IQR, 4.8-14.3) post-CRT. Of all recurrences, 11/27 (40.7%) were first post-treatment scan detected, 10 (37.0%) were surveillance scan detected, 5 (18.5%) were clinical exam detected, and 1 (3.7%) was incidentally detected on lung cancer screening. Four (50%) LRs were first post-treatment detected (median time to detection, MTD: 4.2 months), 3 (37.5%) were clinical exam detected (MTD: 6.7 months), and 1 (12.5%) was surveillance detected (MTD: 9.0 months). For DM, 9 (45%) were surveillance detected (MTD: 12.7 months), 8 (40%) were first post-treatment detected (MTD: 4.1 months), 2 (10%) were clinical exam detected (MTD: 18.9 months), and 1 (5%) was incidentally detected (MTD: 12.1 months). A total of 702 surveillance scans were taken during the follow-up period. The number of surveillance scans needed to detect 1 LR/DM was 71 overall, 50 within 2 years and 254 beyond 2 years from CRT.

CONCLUSION

First post treatment scans detect most recurrences for HPV-associated OPC. A high burden of surveillance scans is needed to detect one recurrence, especially beyond 2 years from CRT.

Hybrid Immuno-RT for Bulky Tumors: Standard Fractionation with Partial Tumor SBRT

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)

Bulky tumors remain challenging to be treated. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is effective against radioresistant tumor cells and can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) that leads to T-cell-mediated antitumor effects. Low-dose radiation (LDRT) can inflame the tumor microenvironment (TME) by recruiting T cells. We designed a novel radiotherapy technique (RT, ERT) whose dose distribution map resembles the "eclipse" by concurrently delivering LDRT to the whole tumor, meanwhile SBRT to only a part of the same tumor. This study examined the safety and efficacy of ERT to bulky lesions with PD-1 inhibitors in mice and patients.

MATERIALS/METHODS

In mice with CT26 colon or LLC1 lung bulky tumors (400 - 500 cm3), the whole tumor was irradiated by LDRT (2 Gy x 3), meanwhile the tumor center was irradiated by SBRT (10 Gy x 3); αPD-1 was given weekly. The dependence of therapeutic effects on CD8+ T cells was determined using depleting antibodies. Frequencies of CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages (Mφ) were determined by flow cytometry. Multiplex Immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was applied to analyze the number and the location of CD8+ T cells and their subpopulations, as well as the phospho-eIF2α level (the ICD marker) of tumor cells in TME. Patients with advanced lung or liver bulky tumors who failed standard treatment or with oncologic emergencies were treated. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to estimate patients' progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS

ERT/αPD-1 is superior to SBRT/αPD-1 or LDRT/αPD-1 in controlling bulky tumors in both mouse models in a CD8+ T-cell dependent manner. In the CT26 model, ERT/αPD-1 resulted in complete tumor regression in 3/11 mice and induced more CD8+ T cells and M1 Mφ in TME compared to other groups. mIHC analysis showed that ERT/αPD-1 induced higher bulk, stem-like (TCF1+ TIM3- PD-1+), and more differentiated (TCF1- TIM3+ PD-1+) CD8+ T cells infiltration into the tumor center and periphery compared to other groups. Compared to untreated or LDRT-treated tumor centers, tumor centers irradiated with ERT or SBRT showed elevated phospho-eIF2α accompanied by higher dendritic cell infiltration. In total, 39 advanced cancer patients were treated with ERT/αPD-1 or plus chemotherapy. Radiation-induced pneumonitis occurred in 1 of 26 patients receiving thoracic ERT. There were two cases of grade III toxicity associated with PD-1 inhibitors. No toxicity above grade III was observed. The objective response rate was 38.5%. The median PFS was 5.6 months and median OS was not reached at a median follow-up of 11.7 months.

CONCLUSION

ERT/αPD-1 showed superior efficacy in controlling bulky tumor in two mouse models. The hybrid immuno-RT (ERT) combing PD-1 inhibitors was safe and effective in patients with bulky tumors. Further clinical trials in combination with bioimaging to identify the optimal SBRT target region for the bulky tumor are warranted.

[Prevalence rate and risk factor analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in 115 female patients with schizophrenia]

Objective: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods: The incidence rate of NAFLD in 115 females with SCZ over 40 years of age with complete clinical data was analyzed with the consent of the Ethics Committee of Nantong Fourth People's Hospital. A physical examination report of healthy subjects (n = 95, female, age 40 years old or older) was taken as the control group. Natural language processing technology was used to extract relevant data from the patient's electronic medical record system. Body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, and adiponectin were used to establish a human NAFLD-related model. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms, and physiological and biochemical indexes for the predictive value of NAFLD in female patients with SCZ. Results: The prevalence of NAFLD was significantly higher in the SCZ group (55.7%, 64/115) than that in the control group (26.3%, 25/95) (χ (2) = 18.335, P < 0.001). The prediction model showed that age, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, adiponectin, and body mass index were significantly correlated with NAFLD in females with SCZ. In the natural language processing search language model, arousal intensity (movements: uncontrolled running behavior) and emotional apathy were strongly linked to female patients with SCZ with NAFLD. Age, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, leptin, and body mass index were risk factors for SCZ to develop NAFLD, and adiponectin levels and uncontrolled running behavior were protective factors. Conclusion: The incidence rate of NAFLD is high in middle-aged and elderly females with SCZ. Natural language processing can help to automatically identify the risk factors for SCZ combined with NAFLD and has predictive and auxiliary diagnostic value.

[Safety evaluation of simultaneous administration of quadrivalent influenza split virion vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older]

Objective: To evaluate the safety of simultaneous administration of quadrivalent influenza split virion vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older. Methods: From November 2021 to May 2022, eligible participants aged 60 years and older were recruited in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, and a total of 2 461 participants were ultimately enrolled in this study. Each participant simultaneously received one dose of quadrivalent influenza split virion vaccine and one dose of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. The safety was observed within 28 days after vaccination. Safety information was collected through voluntary reporting and regular follow-ups. Results: All 2 461 participants completed the simultaneous administration of both vaccines and the safety follow-ups for 28 days after vaccination. The mean age of the participants was (70.66±6.18) years, with 54.61% (1 344) being male, and all participants were Han Chinese residents. About 22.51% (554) of the participants had underlying medical conditions. The overall incidence of adverse reactions within 0-28 days after simultaneous vaccination was 2.07% (51/2 461), mainly consisting of Grade 1 adverse reactions [1.83% (45/2 461)], with no reports of Grade 4 or higher adverse reactions or vaccine-related serious adverse events. The incidence of local adverse reactions was 0.98% (24/2 461), primarily presenting as pain at the injection site [0.93% (23/2 461)]. The incidence of systemic adverse reactions was 1.42% (35/2 461), with fever [0.85% (21/2 461)] being the main symptom. In the group with underlying medical conditions and the healthy group, their overall incidence of adverse reactions was 2.53% (14/554) and 1.94% (37/1 907), respectively. The incidence of local adverse reactions in the two groups was 1.62% (9/554) and 0.79% (15/1 907), respectively, and the incidence of systemic adverse reactions was 1.44% (8/554) and 1.42% (27/1 907), respectively, with no statistically significant differences between them (all P>0.05). Conclusion: It is safe for adults aged 60 years and older to receive quadrivalent influenza split virion vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at the same time.

Development in biomarkers of breast cancer: a bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2020

OBJECTIVE

Breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent cancer all over the world. We conducted a bibliometric study to analyze global scientific results over the past 10 years, including the hotspots and frontiers of biomarker research in BC.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

From 2011 to 2020, literature research from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) was performed. VOSviewer was applied to analyze and visualize the frontiers and hotspots related to biomarker research in BC.

RESULTS

13,680 papers were retrieved. There was an increasing number of annual publications (Np) related to biomarkers in BC during the past decade. The United States (US) published the greatest number of papers, which had the highest number of citations (Nc) and ranked first in terms of H-index. PLoS One and the University of Texas System were the most productive journals and affiliations, respectively. In 2014, Chetan Bettegowda published a paper with the world's highest global citation score (GCS). In recent years, keywords such as "expression", "microRNA", and "cell" have appeared most frequently. In addition, research related to COVID-19 in this field has become a hot topic in recent years. This bibliometric study found an increasing trend in publications related to biomarkers in British Columbia and the US was found to be an influential producer in this field.

CONCLUSIONS

In the past decade, most research has focused on basic and clinical studies, of which microRNAs (miRNAs) and circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) associated with the inhibition and attenuation of BC have become the focus of recent research.

Erratum: Global Polarization of Ξ and Ω Hyperons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 162301 (2021)]

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.162301.

[Bioinformatics analysis and key gene verification of sepsis myocardial macrophage microarray data based on GEO database]

Objective: Bioinformatics analysis was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in macrophages of sepsis myocardial injury and to verify key genes. Methods: Experiment 1 (gene chip and bioinformatics analysis): The gene chip data GSE104342 of cardiac macrophages in septic mice was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. DEGs were obtained by R language analysis. DAVID online database was used to obtain gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEGs. STRING online database was used for protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEGs, and then key genes were screened by using Cytoscape software and molecular complex detection (MCODE) plug-ins. Experiment 2 (sepsis model construction and related protein verification): Ten male C57BL/6 mice, aged 8-14 weeks. Five mice were randomly selected as control group, and 5 mice were selected as the sepsis group by building a mice sepsis model in vivo. Echocardiography was used to detect the cardiac function. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to assess the cardiac morphology. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of differentiation antigen cluster 206 (CD206),inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS),F4/80,suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3) ,interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (Il1rn) and chemokine C-C motif ligand 7 (Ccl7) protein. RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro and divided into 2 groups: LPS groupstimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/L) and blank control group treated with equal-volume phosphate buffer solution. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7 in vitro. Results: Experiment 1: 24 647 genes were screened in GSE104342 dataset and 177 genes (0.72%) were differential expression, including 120 up-regulated genes and 57 down-regulated genes. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in inflammatory response, immune response, apoptosis regulation and antigen processing and presentation. KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that DEGs in cardiac macrophages of septic mice were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, NOD like receptor signaling pathway. Three hub genes were obtained by STRING and Cytoscape analysis, including Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7. Experiment 2: In vivo, it was found that compared with the control group, the cardiac function of the sepsis mice decreased significantly, the myocardial cells were significantly edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, myocardial fiber rupture, some myocardial nuclei dissolved and disappeared, and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis increased, suggesting that the sepsis myocardial injury model of mice was successfully constructed. Compared with the control group, the expression of CD206 in the myocardium of septic mice was down-regulated, the expression of iNOS, F4/80, Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7 were up-regulated. In addition, there was co-localization between Socs3, Il1rn, Ccl7 and F4/80 protein. Compared with the blank control group, the expression of Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7 significantly upregulated after LPS intervention in vitro by RT-PCR. Conclusions: The selected key genes Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7 were up-regulated in myocardial macrophages of septic mice. Socs3, Il1rn and Ccl7 are expected to become new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis cardiac injury.

[Advances in the periodontal surgical flaps techniques to preserve gingival papilla]

Papilla preservation in periodontal surgery is not only beneficial to maintain postoperative aesthetics and good oral hygiene but also contributes to obtaining good periodontal regeneration outcomes. Various periodontal flaps have been designed to preserve the gingival papilla, which constitutes the clinical basis for periodontal open flap debridement and periodontal regeneration surgery. A comprehensive understanding of their design purpose, indications, and technical key points will help clinicians to choose the optimal surgical plan, and thus improve the clinician's treatment levels, and obtain good clinical outcomes. Therefore, this article aims to introduce the design background, indications, and technical key points of various surgical flaps, such as papilla preservation technique, modified papilla preservation technique, simplified papilla preservation flap, etc.

Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

The elliptic (v_{2}) and triangular (v_{3}) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v_{2}(p_{T}) values depend on the colliding systems, the v_{3}(p_{T}) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.

[Prediction of potential suitable habitats of Haemphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province based on the maximum entropy model]

OBJECTIVE

To predict the potential suitable habitat of Haemaphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios.

METHODS

The geographic locations of ticks in Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2022 were captured from literature review and field ticks monitoring data from Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Heilongjiang Province, and the tick distribution sites with spatial correlations were removed using the software ArcGIS 10.2. The environment data under historical climatic scenarios from 1970 to 2000 and the climatic shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) 126 scenario model from 2021 to 2040 and from 2041 to 2060 were downloaded from the WorldClim website, and the elevation (1 km, 2010), population (1 km grid population dataset of China, 2010) and annual vegetation index (1 km, 2010) data were downloaded from the Resource and Environmental Science and Data Center, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The contribution of environmental factors to H. concinna distribution was evaluated and environmental variables were screened using the software MaxEnt 3.4.1 and R package 4.1.0, and the areas of suitable habitats of H. concinna and changes in center of gravity were analyzed using the maximum entropy model in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios. In addition, the accuracy of the maximum entropy model for prediction of H. concinna distribution was assessed using the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS

A total of 79 H. concinna distribution sites and 24 environmental variables were collected, and 70 H. concinna distribution sites and 9 environmental factors that contributed to distribution of the potential suitable habitats of H. concinna in Heilongjiang Province were screened. The three most significant contributing factors included precipitation seasonality, annual precipitation, and mean temperature of the driest quarter, with cumulative contributions of 60.7%. The total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna was 29.05 × 10⁴ km² in Heilongjiang Province under historical climatic scenarios, with the center of gravity of suitable habitats located at (47.31° N, 129.16° E), while the total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna reduced by 0.97 × 10⁴ km² in Heilongjiang Province under the climatic SSP126 scenario from 2041 to 2060, with the center of gravity shifting to (47.70° N, 129.28° E).

CONCLUSIONS

The distribution of suitable habitats of H. concinna strongly correlates with temperature and humidity in Heilongjiang Province. The total area of potential suitable habitats of H. concinna may appear a tendency towards a decline with climatic changes in Heilongjiang Province, and high-, medium- and low-suitable habitats may shift.

Observation of Directed Flow of Hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

We report here the first observation of directed flow (v_{1}) of the hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3  GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165×10^{6} events in 5%-40% centrality, about 8400 _{Λ}^{3}H and 5200 _{Λ}^{4}H candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the midrapidity v_{1} slopes of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in the 3 GeV Au+Au collisions.

[Analysis of dust and noise exposure levels in the mining industry from the national surveillance program in 2019]

Objective: To understand the exposure level of dust and noise in the mining industry and provide data support for revising policy for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Data was collected through the National Surveillance Program for Occupational Hazards in the Workplace. Descriptive analysis was conducted for dust and noise levels by industry type and enterprise size from 7, 679 enterprises in the mining industry among 29 provincial regions nationwide. Results: The enterprises in the mining industry included in the National Surveillance Program for Occupational Hazards in the Workplace are mainly small and micro, accounting for 47.97% (3684/7679) and 30.00% (230/7679) respectively. The industry is mainly compred of employers in the non-metallic ming and beneficiation industry, accounting for 50.25% (3859/7679). Among the enterprises with silica dust, coal dust, and noise hazards, the proportion of enterprises where total dust concentration and noise intensity exceed the standard is higher than 50%. 30% of the posts are with an exposure level of silica dust, coal dust, and noise that exceeds the standard. The exceedance rate and the median of the time-weighted average concentration of total coal dust among large and medium-sized enterprises are higher than those among small and micro-sized enterprises (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The dust and noise hazards in the mining industry are lower than in the past in China, but more than 25% of workers are still at a high risk of occupational pneumoconiosis and noise deafness. Therefore, intervention and surveillance strategies should be strengthened in the future.

[Rapid determination of acetaminophen in plasma by LC-MS/MS]

Objective: To establish a method for the rapid determination of acetaminophen (APAP) in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. Methods: The plasma samples were extracted by methanol and acetonitrile (1: 1) and purified directly. C(18) column was used for sample separation. The mobile phase were methanol (5 mmol/L ammonium acetate) and water (5 mmol/L ammonium acetate). Samples were analyzed by LC MS/MS with the electrospray ionization multi reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Results: The calibration curves of APAP was linear in the concentration range of 0~10 mg/L, the correlation coefficient (r) was greater than 0.999 0. The relative standard deviation within and between batches was less than 10%. The recovery rate were 96.81%~101.7%. The detection limit of the method was 0.1 μg/L and the lower limit of quantification was 0.3 μg/L. Conclusion: This method has strong specificity, high sensitivity and reliable determination results. It is suitable for the rapid analysis of clinical plasma samples.

[Analysis of the status of occupational disease prevention and control of enterprises in mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019]

Objective: To analyze the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases among mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019, provide the scientific basis for the formulation and revision of policies and standards of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Collecting data of a project named Surveillance of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace in 2019 through the National Surveillance System for Occupational Hazards in the workplace. Compare the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in 63 563 enterprises of mining and manufacturing industries among different dimensions. Results: The training rate of managers was 76.17% and that of occupational health managers was 76.97%. The rate of reporting of occupational diseases hazardous items was 67.58%, the rate of launching of the detection of occupational hazards was 57.16%, and the rate of launching of occupational health examination was 62.42%. Excluding the distribution rate of dust mask, the installation rate of various occupational prevention facilities and the distribution rate of gas mask and hearing protector were less than 80%. The differences in all the indicators among different areas, enterprise scales, economic types were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There are still some enterprises which are relatively weak in the ability of the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in China. Measures such as special support, guidance and strengthen supervision should be taken towards those enterprises toimprove the awareness of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the level of that.

Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

We report the triton (t) production in midrapidity (|y|<0.5) Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7-200  GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The nuclear compound yield ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity (dN_{ch}/dη) and follows a scaling behavior. The dN_{ch}/dη dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3σ and 3.4σ, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1σ. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller p_{T} acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.

[Identification and verification of α-11 giardin-interacting protein]

OBJECTIVE

To identify and verify the interacting protein of α-11 giardin, so as provide the experimental evidence for studies on the α-11 giardin function.

METHODS

The yeast two-hybrid cDNA library of the Giardia lambia C2 strain and the bait plasmid of α-11 giardin were constructed. All proteins interacting with α-11 giardin were screened using the yeast two-hybrid system. α-11 giardin and all screened potential interacting protein genes were constructed into pBiFc-Vc-155 and pBiFc-Vn-173 plasmids, and co-transfected into the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The interactions between α-11 giardin and interacting proteins were verified using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC).

RESULTS

The yeast two-hybrid G. lambia cDNA library which was quantified at 2.715 × 10⁷ colony-forming units (CFU) and the bait plasmid containing α-11 giardin gene without an autoactivation activity were constructed. Following two-round positive screening with the yeast two-hybrid system, two potential proteins interacting with α-11 giardin were screened, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (EIF5A), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMKL) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP-GDH), hypothetical protein 1 (GL50803_95880), hypothetical protein 2 (GL50803_87261) and a protein from Giardia canis virus. The α-11 giardin and EIF5A genes were transfected into the pBiFc-Vc-155 and pBiFc-Vn-173 plasmids using BiFC, and the recombinant plasmids pBiFc-Vc-155-α-11 and pBiFc-Vn-173-EIF5A were co-tranfected into MDA-MB-231 cells, which displayed green fluorescence under a microscope, indicating the interaction between α-11 giardin and EIF5A protein in cells.

CONCLUSIONS

The yeast two-hybrid cDNA library of the G. lambia C2 strain has been successfully constructed, and six potential protein interacting with α-11 giardin have been identified, including EIF5A that interacts with α-11 giardin in cells.