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Han SP, Feng YX. [Constituents in volatile oil of peilan and 3 plants of the same genus]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1993; 18:39-41, 63. [PMID: 8323684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A study hes been made on the essential oil from the crude drug Peilan (Eupatorium fortunei) and the plants E. japonicum, E. chinense and E. cannabinum. 71 constituents have been identified by GC-MS. Quantitative analysis has been carried out by GC. The study provides scientific methods for the identification of the crude drug "Peilan" and the quality control of the fresh and dried "Peilan".
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27
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Wang YQ, Ye JR, Chen FZ, Fu WG, Yao XL, Feng YX. Surgical treatment of atherosclerotic infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. A review of 30 years' experience. Chin Med J (Engl) 1993; 106:68-72. [PMID: 8504689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
During the 30 years from 1960 to 1989, 100 sequential patients with atherosclerotic infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital. Twenty-eight were not treated surgically and 72 underwent resection of the AAA with prosthesis replacement. Nineteen non-surgical patient were followed up, and 8 died from ruptures with a five-year survival rate of 41.3 +/- 13%. In 72 surgically treated patients, the operative mortality was 2.8%. The five-year survival rate is 77.5 +/- 6.2%, which is higher in comparison with the non-surgical group (P < 0.01). The data show that the operation for AAA is safe and the postoperative long-term results are satisfactory.
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Feng YX, Yuan H, Rein A, Levin JG. Bipartite signal for read-through suppression in murine leukemia virus mRNA: an eight-nucleotide purine-rich sequence immediately downstream of the gag termination codon followed by an RNA pseudoknot. J Virol 1992; 66:5127-32. [PMID: 1629968 PMCID: PMC241386 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.8.5127-5132.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The pol gene of murine leukemia virus and other mammalian type C retroviruses is expressed by read-through suppression of an in-frame UAG codon which separates the gag and pol coding regions. In this study, we have analyzed the sequence requirements for read-through suppression by placing different portions of wild-type and mutant viral sequences from the gag-pol junction between reporter genes and testing transcripts of these constructs for suppression in reticulocyte lysates. We find that the read-through signal is contained within the first 57 nucleotides on the 3' side of the UAG codon. Our results indicate that the identities of six conserved bases in the eight-nucleotide, purine-rich sequence immediately downstream of the UAG codon are critical for suppression, as is the existence of a pseudoknot structure spanning the next 49 nucleotides. Thus, read-through suppression depends on a complex, bipartite signal in the mRNA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cloning, Molecular
- Codon/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, gag-pol/genetics
- Genes, gag
- Genes, pol
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- Reticulocytes/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Suppression, Genetic
- Terminator Regions, Genetic
- Transcription, Genetic
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29
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Feng YX, Copeland TD, Oroszlan S, Rein A, Levin JG. Identification of amino acids inserted during suppression of UAA and UGA termination codons at the gag-pol junction of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:8860-3. [PMID: 2247457 PMCID: PMC55059 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.22.8860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the murine leukemia virus pol gene occurs by translational readthrough of an in-frame UAG codon between the gag and pol coding regions. In a previous study, we mutated the UAG codon to UAA or UGA and demonstrated that both of these termination codons could be suppressed in reticulocyte lysates and in infected cells with the same efficiency as UAG. We now report the identity of the amino acids inserted in vitro in response to UAA and UGA in fusion products containing the gag-pol junction region. The results show that UAA, like UAG, directs the incorporation of glutamine, whereas UGA directs the incorporation of three amino acids, arginine, cysteine, and tryptophan. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating misreading of UAA as glutamine and UGA as arginine and cysteine in higher eukaryotes. Interestingly, although our protein synthesis system presumably contains other known UAG and UGA suppressors, these tRNAs did not suppress the termination codons in our experiments. Thus, it seems possible that the sequence surrounding the gag-pol junction not only promotes suppression but also helps determine which tRNAs function in suppression.
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30
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Hatfield D, Feng YX, Lee BJ, Rein A, Levin JG, Oroszlan S. Chromatographic analysis of the aminoacyl-tRNAs which are required for translation of codons at and around the ribosomal frameshift sites of HIV, HTLV-1, and BLV. Virology 1989; 173:736-42. [PMID: 2556852 PMCID: PMC7131661 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An examination of the frameshift signals or proposed signals within published sequences of retroviruses and other genetic elements from higher animals shows that each site utilizes a tRNA which normally contains Wybutoxine (Wye) base or Queuine (Q) base in the anticodon loop. We find experimentally that most of the Phe-tRNA present in HIV-1 infected cells lacks the highly modified Wye base in its anticodon loop and most of the Asn-tRNA in HTLV-1 and BLV infected cells lacks the highly modified Q base in its anticodon loop. Interestingly, Phe-tRNA translates a UUU codon within the ribosomal frameshift signal in HIV and Asn-tRNA translates a AAC codon within the proposed frameshift signals in HTLV-1 and BLV. Thus, the lack of a highly modified base in the anticodon loop of tRNAs in retroviral infected cells is correlated with the participation of these undermodified tRNAs in the corresponding frameshift event. This suggests that the "shifty" tRNAs proposed by Jacks et al. (Cell 55, 447-458, 1988) to carry out frameshifting may be hypomodified isoacceptors.
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31
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Feng YX, Levin JG, Hatfield DL, Schaefer TS, Gorelick RJ, Rein A. Suppression of UAA and UGA termination codons in mutant murine leukemia viruses. J Virol 1989; 63:2870-3. [PMID: 2542597 PMCID: PMC250804 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.63.6.2870-2873.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomes of mammalian type C retroviruses contain a UAG termination codon between the gag and pol coding regions. The pol region is expressed in the form of a gag-pol fusion protein following readthrough suppression of the UAG codon. We have used oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis to change the UAG in Moloney murine leukemia virus to UAA or UGA. These alternate termination codons were also suppressed, both in infected cells and in reticulocyte lysates. Thus, the signal or context inducing suppression of UAG in wild-type Moloney murine leukemia virus is also effective with UAA and UGA. Further, mammalian cells and cell extracts contain tRNAs capable of translating UAA and UGA as amino acids. To our knowledge, this is the first example of natural suppression of UAA in higher eucaryotes.
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32
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Feng YX, Hatfield DL, Rein A, Levin JG. Translational readthrough of the murine leukemia virus gag gene amber codon does not require virus-induced alteration of tRNA. J Virol 1989; 63:2405-10. [PMID: 2784837 PMCID: PMC250668 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.63.5.2405-2410.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An in vitro system to assay translational readthrough of the UAG termination codon at the murine leukemia virus (MuLV) gag-pol junction was developed by using rabbit reticulocyte lysates programmed by SP6-generated Moloney MuLV gag-pol mRNA. Under conditions in which the suppressor activity of the lysate was dependent on addition of tRNA, it could be shown that readthrough synthesis was stimulated to approximately the same extent by equivalent amounts of tRNA from MuLV-infected and uninfected NIH 3T3 cells. Analysis of glutamine tRNA, which mediates suppression in vivo, showed that the level of glutamine acceptor activity and the chromatographic profile of glutamine isoacceptors were unchanged following virus infection. On the basis of these results, we conclude that the suppressor tRNA occurs normally within the tRNA population of uninfected cells and need not be induced in response to virus infection.
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33
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Brady PS, Feng YX, Brady LJ. Transcriptional regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase synthesis in riboflavin deficiency in rats. J Nutr 1988; 118:1128-36. [PMID: 3047345 DOI: 10.1093/jn/118.9.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin deficiency leads to depressed mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation rates but increased activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT). Starvation leads to increased CPT activity in ad libitum-fed, riboflavin-supplemented rats. The present studies examined the mechanism of the increase in CPT activity in riboflavin deficiency and whether it was additive to that seen in starvation. Rats were divided into three groups initially: riboflavin-sufficient, ad libitum-fed; riboflavin-deficient, ad libitum-fed; and pair-fed. These groups were subdivided after 5 wk into fed and 24- and 48-h starved groups. When riboflavin-deficient rats were starved for 24 or 48 h, there was only a 30-40% increase in hepatic CPT activity, in contrast to the ad libitum-fed, riboflavin-supplemented rats, in which activity increased twofold. CPT activity of pair-fed rats was similar to that of controls in the fed state and did not increase significantly with starvation. CPT translation, mRNA levels and transcription rates correlated with CPT activity, as did immunoreactive CPT. Concurrently, hepatic ketone production and plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration increased during starvation in the control and pair-fed but not in the riboflavin-deficient rats. The results indicate that increased CPT activity in riboflavin deficiency and starvation results at least in part from increased synthesis. Furthermore, the data support previous work suggesting that the block in fatty acid oxidation occurs in the beta-oxidation pathway at the level of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.
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Abstract
A simple and rapid solid-phase RNA sequencing method has been developed based on Peattie's direct chemical method. 3'-Terminally labeled RNA was immobilized on DEAE-cellulose sheets and followed by specific modification with dimethyl sulfate, diethylpyrocarbonate, hydroxylamine (at pH 10 for the uridine and pH 5.5 for the cytidine reaction), and cleavage reaction with aniline. RNA fragments were washed from the DEAE-cellulose sheets using salt solutions, precipitated with ethanol, and separated by 15% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Due to the complete removal of the impurities normally present in the solution method, the higher resolution of the sequencing bands and lower background on the autoradiograph make this solid-phase technique more efficient. This solid-phase technique is much faster and more convenient than the original method.
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35
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Feng YX, Shi Q, Ye JR. [Autotransplantation of a vein segment with valve in the treatment of deep vein valvular insufficiency of the lower extremity]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1986; 24:604-5, 638. [PMID: 3829848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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36
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Feng YX, Li JM, Zheng JJ. [Thoraco-abdominal aneurysmectomy using intra-aortic long-balloon occlusion technic]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1986; 24:321-4, 381. [PMID: 3816426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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37
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Feng YX, Krupp G, Gross JH. Exceptionally high and diverse mutation rates in insects small rRNA. SCIENTIA SINICA. SERIES B, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AGRICULTURAL, MEDICAL & EARTH SCIENCES 1985; 28:1060-3. [PMID: 3837321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of 5S rRNA from the posterior silk gland of the silk worm Philosamia cynthia ricini has been determined. The comparison with other insect 5S rRNAs revealed an exceptionally conserved secondary structure, in spite of an extremely high mutation rate: Thirteen nucleotides are different in Philosamia and Drosophila 5S rRNA, but all substitutions are either compensatory or occur in loops or introduce G:U base pairs. The rates of base substitution per site per year of several insect species (diptera and lepidoptera) 5S and 5.8S rRNAs are compared with those occurring in vertebrate rRNAs. In the latter cases the rates are remarkably constant, whereas their value is not only about twofold higher in insect rRNAs, but is found to be extremely large in the 5S rRNA of the silkworm Bombyx mori. These data demonstrate that phylogenetic conclusions derived from small rRNA sequence comparisons are only of limited value.
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38
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Feng YX. [Pharmacognostical identification of 4 species of Saururaceae]. ZHONG YAO TONG BAO (BEIJING, CHINA : 1981) 1985; 10:10-2. [PMID: 2934150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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39
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Feng YX, Jin XW. [Diagnosis and treatment of polyarteritis]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1985; 23:138-40, 189. [PMID: 3996110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Feng YX. [Pharmacognosy study of the Chinese herb drugs bai-jie-teng and hin-bu-huan]. ZHONG YAO TONG BAO (BEIJING, CHINA : 1981) 1984; 9:11-4. [PMID: 6242104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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41
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Feng YX. [Experience in the treatment of 75 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1984; 22:554-7, 574. [PMID: 6532722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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42
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Feng YX. [Axillo-axillary artery bypass in the treatment of subclavian artery syndrome]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1984; 22:407-9, 445. [PMID: 6518894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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43
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Feng YX. [Vascular pedicled free omental graft in the treatment of thromboangiitis obliterans]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1984; 22:91-3. [PMID: 6468144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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44
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Feng YX, Zhu ZY, Chen H. [Pharmacognostical study on eighteen medicinal species in genus Stephania]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1983; 18:849-861. [PMID: 6679978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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45
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Zhu ZY, Feng YX, He LY, Wang YC. [Utilization of medicinal plant resources of the genus Cyclea of Menispermaceae in China]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1983; 18:535-540. [PMID: 6659958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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46
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Zhu ZY, Feng YX, Ho LY, Wang YC. [Utilization of medicinal plant resources of genus Stephania of Menispermaceae in China]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1983; 18:460-7. [PMID: 6659945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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47
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Feng YX. [Pharmacognostic studies on 3 types of Plantago seeds]. ZHONG YAO TONG BAO (BEIJING, CHINA : 1981) 1983; 8:8-12. [PMID: 6224584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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48
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Feng YX, Lin SQ, Zhang XQ. [Botanical and pharmacognostical studies of Chinese Aristolochia: resource utilization]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1983; 18:291-8. [PMID: 6624474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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49
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Feng YX, Shi Q. Surgical treatment of the extracranial carotid artery aneurysm. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE WUHAN = WU-HAN I HSUEH YUAN HSUEH PAO 1983; 3:70-75. [PMID: 6866390 DOI: 10.1007/bf02858420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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50
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Feng YX, Krupp G, Gross HJ. The nucleotide sequence of 5.8S rRNA from the posterior silk gland of the silkworm Philosamia cynthia ricini. Nucleic Acids Res 1982; 10:6383-7. [PMID: 7177850 PMCID: PMC326927 DOI: 10.1093/nar/10.20.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of 5.8S rRNA from the Chinese silkworm Philosamia cynthia ricini has been determined by gel sequencing and mobility shift methods. The complete primary structure is (sequence in text). This is one of the largest known 5.8S rRNAs. As compared to Bombyx 5.8S rRNA, it is two nucleotides longer; two nucleotides near the 5'end and two nucleotides near the 3'end are different, and psi 61 of the Bombyx RNA sequence is an unmodified U in Philosamia RNA. The secondary structure of Philosamia 5.8S rRNA may differ from the Bombyx RNA structure by three additional base pairs at the 5'/3' ends.
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