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Zakin MM, Poskus E, Langton AA, Ferrara P, Santomé JA, Dellacha JM, Paladini AC. Primary structure of equine growth hormone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 8:435-44. [PMID: 965151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Schlesinger DH, Capra JD, Walter R. Determination of the complete amino acid sequence of bovine neurophysin II. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 6:1-12. [PMID: 4851330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Manjula BN, Acharya AS, Vithayathil PJ. Deamidated active intermediates in the irreversible acid denaturation of ribonuclease-A. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 8:275-82. [PMID: 6396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A study has been made on the changes in the enzymatic activity of Ribonuclease-A**-(RNase-A) exposed to highly acidic (pH less than 1) acqueous environment. Irreversible alterations of activity were observed when the protein was exposed to an acidic medium for a long period (20 to 60 h). Even prior to these changes in activity RNase-A was found to form intermediates which had very nearly the same activity as the native protein. The primary process in the acid denaturation of RNase-A was observed to be deamidation of the protein leading to the formation of active chromotographically distinct derivatives. The initial product of deamidation, a monodeamidated derivative, has been isolated by chromatography on Amberlite XE-64. This initial deamidation reaction proceeded with very high specificity. The subsequent deamidation reaction is comparatively slower, so that nearly 50% of the native protein could be converted to this derivative before any subsequent deamidation took place. This monodeamidated derivative has been designated RNase-Aa1. The conversion of RNase-A to RNase-Aa1 was not accompanied by any changes in the primary structure other than the observed deamidation. Apart from the differences in chromatographic and electrophoretic mobilities, RNase-Aa1 was found to have very nearly the same activity and physicochemical properties as the native enzyme. Significance of this specific and faster deamidation of RNase-A in this denaturing medium as well as the biological significance of such deamidation reactions of proteins are discussed.
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Acharya AS, Vithayathil PJ. On the reactivity of carboxyl groups of ribonuclease-A in anhydrous methanol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 7:207-19. [PMID: 1158559 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1975.tb02435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The esterification of Ribonuclease-A in methanol/0.1 M hydrochloric acid has been studied by measuring the decrease in the number of titratable groups of the protein and estimating the amount of methanol incorporated. Esterification of nearly five of the 11 free carboxyl groups of the protein resulted in almost complete inactivation of the enzyme. The initial products of esterification have been chromatographed on Amberlite columns, and five partially active methyl ester derivatives of Ribonuclease-A have been isolated. The dimethyl ester, the initial product of esterification with reduced catalytic activity, has the carboxyl groups of Glu-49 and Asp-53 modified. Even in the non-aqueous solvent, as in the native structure of the protein in aqueous solution, these carboxyl groups are the fast reacting ones. Subsquently, the esterification reaction appears to proceed preferentially at the C-terminal region of the molecule. Comparison of the reactivities of carboxyl groups of Ribonuclease-A in acidic methanol to that known in aqueous solutions (with carbodiimides) suggests that the structure of Ribonuclease-A in the non-aqueous solvent resembles, at least in part, the structure in aqueous environment.
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Linde S, Hansen B. Preparation and characterization of monoiodoinsulin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 6:157-63. [PMID: 4415172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wickramasinghe RH. Adrenodoxin reductase, the flavoprotein component of adrenal mitochondrial steroid hydroxylases. I. Purification and certain characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 6:187-93. [PMID: 4153269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Davis MH, Scroggie JG. Interaction of a basic chromium-zirconium sulphate complex with tropocollagen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 4:319-25. [PMID: 4648859 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1972.tb03436.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Markussen J, Heding LG. Separation of the two double-chain bovine intermediates of the proinsulin-insulin conversion I. Chemical, immunochemical, circular dichroism, and biological characterization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 8:597-606. [PMID: 992943 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The intermediates of the proinsulin-insulin conversion were separated by cation exchange. The circular dichroism spectra of the intermediates showed less alpha-helix than insulin and proinsulin. It is suggested that the C-peptide interacts with the section of alpha-helix contained between residues 2 and 8 in the A-chain of the insulin moieties and unwinds the alpha-helix. The in vivo activities of the intermediates were found to be in the order of 50% relative to insulin. In the fat cell assay, the A-chain-substituted form is weaker (9%) than the B-chain-substituted form (19%). The C-peptide segments of the two forms reacted with C-peptide-specific antibodies as fully as the free C-peptide, on a molar basis. In contrast, the insulin segments were hindered from reacting with insulin-specific antibodies as fully as the insulin.
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Fonss-Bech P, Schmidt KD. Studies on human somatotropin. Preparation and some physico-chemical properties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 1:85-92. [PMID: 5406484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1969.tb01629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mäkinen KK, Mäkinen PL. Evidence on erythrocyte aminopeptidase B. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 3:41-7. [PMID: 5115620 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1971.tb01691.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Brackenridge CJ, Bachelard HS. The extraction and some properties of membrane-bound proteins from ox cerebral cortex microsomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 1:157-68. [PMID: 4329931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1969.tb01638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kasai K, Takai Y, Watanabe T, Ishii S. The carboxyl terminal amino acid residues of human and horse prothrombins. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 3:117-20. [PMID: 5115622 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1971.tb01701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Murphy PA, Chesney PJ, Wood WB. Purification of an endogenous pyrogen, with an appendix on assay methods. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008:59-79. [PMID: 5001484 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719800.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Summers DF, Roumiantzeff M, Maizel JV. The translation and processing of poliovirus proteins. In: strategy of the viral genome. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008:111-40. [PMID: 4337201 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cooper PD, Geissler E, Scotti PD, Tannock GA. Further characterization of the genetic map of poliovirus temperature-sensitive mutants. In: strategy of the viral genome. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008:75-100. [PMID: 4337209 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Takeda Y, Parkhill TR, Nakabayashi M. Generation of 125 I-labelled plasmin in dogs in response to venous injury. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008; 9:203-16. [PMID: 4266977 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719923.ch11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Baltimore D, Huang A, Manly KF, Rekosh D, Stampfer M. The synthesis of protein by mammalian RNA viruses. In: strategy of the viral genome. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008:101-10. [PMID: 4337200 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Torsvik H. Studies on the protein moiety of serum high density lipoprotein from patients with familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Clin Genet 2008; 3:188-200. [PMID: 4341063 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1972.tb01458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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HANS LR. REVIEW OF SOME NEW APPLICATIONS FOR DISC ELECTROPHORESIS AND OF THE CRITERIA FOR QUANTITATIVE DENSITOMETRY. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 121:391-403. [PMID: 14240538 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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TABER HW, SHERMAN F. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYZERS FOR DISC ELECTROPHORESIS: STUDIES OF YEAST CYTOCHROME c. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 121:600-15. [PMID: 14240555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14229.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Viscarello BR, Stein RL, Kusner EJ, Holsclaw D, Krell RD. Purification of Human Leukocyte Elastase and Cathepsin G by Chromatography on Immobilized Elastin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 13:57-67. [PMID: 6552675 DOI: 10.1080/00327488308068735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G were isolated from purulent sputum by a simple procedure involving chromatography on elastin-agarose. Salt extracts of sputum were prepared, treated with DNase, and the precipitate which formed extracted and applied to a column of soluble elastin-Sepharose 4B. Contaminating protein was eluted with 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, pH 8.0 and then two column volumes of 50 mM acetate, 1.0 M NaCl, pH 5.0. The tightly bound elastase and cathepsin G together with a trypsin-like serine protease could finally be eluted with 50 mM acetate, 1.0 M NaCl, 20% DMSO, pH 5.0. Resolution of the proteases was accomplished by cation-exchange chromatography. Disc gel electrophoresis established the purity of elastase and cathepsin G and confirmed the existence of several isozymes for each.
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Angeletti PU, Levi-Montalcini R, Calissano P. The nerve growth factor (NGF): chemical properties and metabolic effects. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 31:51-75. [PMID: 4880217 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122761.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Kuz'min EV, Kuz'mina OI. [Population analysis of electrophoretic variation in blood serum albumins of European (Acipencer ruthensis L.) and Siberian (A. ruthensis marsiglii Brandt) sterlet]. GENETIKA 2005; 41:246-253. [PMID: 15810614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We studied blood serum albumins in European (Acipencer ruthensis L.) and Siberian (A. ruthensis marsiglii Brandt) sterlet using disk electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. The albumins were shown to be controlled by three codominant alleles of a single locus (ALB*a, b, c). In European sterlet, all three theoretically possible genotypes were described, one of which (ALB*c/c) occurred extremely rarely (one individual). Siberian sterlet was found to be monomorphic for albumins: all fish examined had the ALB*a/a genotype. There was no correlation between albumin patterns and fish fatness. In a number of samples from the Volga River basin, spatial and temporal differentiation was found and analyzed. The results suggest that construction of hydroelectric plants may provoke massive and prolonged starlet migrations.
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Nakajima K, Minematsu M. Enzymatic studies of riboflavin oversynthesis in Eremothecium ashbyii. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2004; 50:155-60. [PMID: 15386926 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.50.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of riboflavin oversynthesis in a high flavinogenic mold, Eremothecium ashbyii, were examined in relation to growth, riboflavin formation and related synthases, and medium pH with increasing culture periods. Growth reached maximum at 1 d and then decreased, riboflavin formation proceeded rapidly up to 5 d and approached almost a plateau region. The medium pH reached minimum at 1 d and thereafter fairly rapidly increased until 3 d, then gradually increased to 7 d after cultivation. The crude enzyme solution from the mycelia at specified culture periods was run through a column of Sephadex G-200, indicating two riboflavin synthase activities on the chromatogram. The fluctuation of the growth and the specific activities of the two enzymes were examined with increasing culture periods, which showed that the heavy enzyme may be a constitutive one and that the light enzyme may be concerned with the oversynthesis of riboflavin in E. ashbyii. The heavy enzyme was then purified by 49-fold after dialysis of the ammonium sulfate precipitate by a series of column chromatographies with Sephadex G-200, hydroxyapatite, DEAE-Sepharose A-50 and DEAE-cellulose. The purified enzyme which was treated with weak alkaline solution was broken into the light enzyme, showing two bands on an acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The relation of the heavy and the light enzymes to the oversynthesis of riboflavin in E. ashbyii was discussed.
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