Action of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on frog gastric mucosa

2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) has been found to inhibit chloride and acid secretion by the in vitro frog mucosa, with a fall in short-circuit current and potential difference and a rise in resistance. The ATP levels and phosphohexoisomerase activity were essentially unchanged following 2-DG treatment. 3-Methyl-O-glucose uptake was reduced by about 50% following preincubation with 2-DG. The O2 consumption was only slightly reduced with 10 mmoles 2-DG, but the CO2 ratio from glucose-6-C14/glucose-1-C14 fell from 0.98 to 0.37, indicating activation of the hexosemonophosphate (HMP) shunt.

Vagal gastric secretory stimulation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose

Powerful vagal stimulation of gastric secretion was produced in dogs by the administration of 50–200 mg/kg 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) The secretion could be entirely prevented or immediately abolished by atropine injection, indicating one link which is apparently cholinergic. Studies with glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, or 3-O-methylglucose injected before or subsequent to the administration of 2-DG indicated that the vagal secretory center is specifically glucose and mannose dependent. 2-DG appears to act by the formation of nonmetabolized 2-DG-6-phosphate resulting in effective cytoglucopenia. While apparently stimulating gastric secretion in the same way as insulin hypoglycemia, 2-DG appears to have definite advantages of reliability and reproducibility. The vagal center appears to be dose responsive and not an all-or-none system, and stimulates all elements of gastric secretion by a single pathway.