601
|
Dussault JH, Lam R, Fisher DA. The measurement of serum triiodothyronine by double column chromatography. THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1971; 77:1039-50. [PMID: 4104443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
602
|
Fisher DA, Dussault JH. Contribution of methodological artifacts to the measurement of T3 concentration in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971; 32:675-9. [PMID: 5577889 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-32-5-675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
603
|
Dussault JH, Hobel CJ, Fisher DA. Maternal and fetal thyroxine secretion during pregnancy in the sheep. Endocrinology 1971; 88:47-51. [PMID: 5538562 DOI: 10.1210/endo-88-1-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
604
|
Fisher DA, Maibach HI. Postural hypotension and anhidrosis. The autonomic insufficiency syndrome. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY 1970; 102:527-31. [PMID: 5474116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
605
|
Nicoloff JT, Fisher DA, Appleman MD. The role of glucocorticoids in the regulation of thyroid function in man. J Clin Invest 1970; 49:1922-9. [PMID: 4990073 PMCID: PMC322682 DOI: 10.1172/jci106411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The diurnal variation in thyroidal iodine release previously observed in euthyroid subjects appears to correlate with variations in serum immunoassayable thyrotropin (TSH). The hypothesis is advanced that this diurnal rhythm seems to be primarily regulated by a negative feedback action of circulating hydrocortisone. The administration of maintenance doses of hydrocortisone to patients with primary adrenal insufficiency and pharmacological doses to euthyroid subjects was accompanied by an acute suppression in both thyroidal iodine release and serum TSH values. An escape from glucocorticoid suppression was observed to occur in 2 or 3 days with the resumption of a near-normal thyroidal iodine release rate but was accompanied by a dampening or absence of the normal diurnal rhythm. Withdrawal of pharmacological doses of glucocorticoids in euthyroid subjects and maintenance doses in primary hypoadrenal patients was accompanied by transient stimulation of both serum TSH and thyroidal iodine release values. The study of a patient before and after cryohypophysectomy indicated that the rebound response in thyroid release after steroid withdrawal may be a useful testing procedure to indirectly assess the hypothalamicpituitary reserve capacity of TSH.
Collapse
|
606
|
Oddie TH, Flanigan WJ, Fisher DA. Iodine and thyroxine metabolism in anephric patients receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970; 31:277-82. [PMID: 4195192 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-31-3-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
607
|
Fisher DA, Hobel CJ, Garza R, Pierce CA. Thyroid function in the preterm fetus. Pediatrics 1970; 46:208-16. [PMID: 4194157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
608
|
Fisher DA. Abnormalities in thyroid hormone production and metabolism in hyperthyroidism. Calif Med 1970; 113:41-5. [PMID: 5538193 PMCID: PMC1501495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
609
|
Oddie TH, Fisher DA, McConahey WM, Thompson CS. Iodine intake in the United States: a reassessment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970; 30:659-65. [PMID: 5444555 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-30-5-659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
610
|
Fisher DA, Epstein JH, Kay DN, Tuffanelli DL. Polymorphous light erutpion and lupus erythematosus. Differential diagnosis by fluorescent microscopy. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY 1970; 101:458-61. [PMID: 4909553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
611
|
Odell WD, Abraham G, Raud HR, Swerdloff RS, Fisher DA. Influence of immunization procedures on the titer, affinity and specificity of antisera to glycopolypeptides. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 1969; 142:54-76. [PMID: 5308655 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.062s054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
HLH, HTSH, HCG and HFSH are glycopolypeptides with similar molecular weights and immunological properties. Production of antisera useful in specific radioimmunoassays has been difficult. Immunization of rabbits with each of these hormones homogenized in complete Freund's adjuvant is routinely followed by antiserum production. Titers rise progressively with repeated immunizations for ten weeks or more and then the rate of increase falls. Rabbits producing higher titers of antiserum after two immunizations generally continue to produce higher titers during additional immunizations, thus selection of animals early during immunization is possible. Affinity of the antisera against all four hormones generally also increases during the course of immunization. Several ways of estimating affinity of antisera are presented. Specificity of antisera is variable, particularly against HFSH. Review of published techniques and our own experience reveals that all specific anti HFSH has been obtained after two to four immunizations; those after five or more immunizations have shown complete cross reaction with HLH, HTSH, and HFSH. These observations may explain the failure of some investigators to obtain specific antisera. For HFSH antisera, affinity progressively increases, but specificity appears to decrease with frequency of immunization. For HTSH and HCG antisera, specificity is retained or increases with repeated immunizations, and specific high affinity antisera are more regularly produced. Antisera capable of use to produce specific radioimmunoassays need not necessarily contain only antibodies against the hormone to be measured. Thus antisera against LH might be present in an antiserum used to quantify HFSH, if the anti HLH did not bind HFSH in either radioactive or nonradioactive form. Specificities of antisera vary a great deal and consideration of the nature of cross reacting substances would be effective in producing specificity. Thus when HLH reacted completely and equally with HFSH in an HFSH assay, absorbtion would completely neutralize all anti HFSH antibodies. If HLH and HFSH had dose response curves with quite different slopes (and hence different affinities for the anti HFSH), absorbtion is possible. When two or more populations of antibodies against HFSH are demonstrable by the presence of biphasic dose response curves in the assay, and if one population is specific, absorbtion of the nonspecific population may be possible.
Collapse
|
612
|
Fisher DA, Odell WD, Hobel CJ, Garza R. Thyroid function in the term fetus. Pediatrics 1969; 44:526-35. [PMID: 4981401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
613
|
Myhill J, Oddie TH, Hales IB, Fisher DA. The influence of iodine in thyroid iodine accumulation and turnover in euthyroid Australian subjects. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA 1969; 62:1-10. [PMID: 4185965 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0620001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Using a whole-body counting technique with 131I-labelled thyroxine, measurements were made in euthyroid volunteers of fractional thyroxine degradation rate, total thyroxine turnover and thyroidal secretion of thyroxine. Thyroidal accumulation of 127I was also calculated from the chemical assay of 24-hour urine. The measurements were made in 18 subjects during the administration of 0, 100 and 200 μg of thyroxine per day in successive seven-week periods, and in 10 subjects during the administration of 0, 252 and 1009 μg of iodide daily in successive thirteen-week periods. When thyroxine was administered, the fall in thyroidal secretion rate was found to be parallel to the fall in radioiodine clearance rate. However, during administration of iodide thyroidal radioiodine clearance fell without appreciable alteration in total turnover of thyroxine. In addition thyroid iodine turnover increased progressively with increasing iodine intake and reached a mean value of 221 μg daily on a mean intake of 1250 μg I daily. The data indicate that the total body turnover of thyroxine is the quantity which is maintained in thyroid homeostasis. These data also indicate that the most significant effects on thyroid function of a chronic moderate increase in iodine intake are a) an inhibition of iodide concentrating activity, and b) an augmentation of nonthyronine iodide secretion. Neither effect is mediated by TSH.
Collapse
|
614
|
Abstract
Measurements of serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations were conducted in maternal and fetal blood during labor and delivery and the early postnatal and neonatal periods. Mean TSH concentration was significantly higher in cord blood (9.5 muU/ml) than maternal blood (3.9 muU/ml), a finding suggesting a fetal-maternal TSH gradient at term. Serum TSH concentration in the newborn increased rapidly to mean levels of 60 muU/ml at 10 min and 86 muU/ml at 30 min of age. Between 30 min and 3-4 hr serum levels decreased rapidly, then fell more gradually to a mean concentration of 13 muU/ml at 48 hr. The half-time of the decrease in serum TSH concentration between 30 and 90 min was 77 min, a value slightly greater than the half-time of disappearance of radioiodinated TSH measured in adults. This indicates that the early high rate of TSH secretion in the newborn ceases by 30 min, and that the rapid rise and fall in serum TSH concentrations may represent release of stored pituitary TSH. A more chronic TSH hypersecretion persisted throughout the first 24-48 hr of extrauterine life. Measurements of serum PBI concentrations were conducted in a separate group of maternal and cord blood samples and in the newborn infants during the first 48 hr of extrauterine life to relate the TSH and serum hormonal iodine concentration changes. Serum protein-bound iodine (PBI) concentrations were similar in maternal and cord blood, increased significantly by 4 hr of age in the newborn, and peaked at about 24 hr, presumably in response to the TSH hypersecretion. The pattern of TSH hypersecretion was similar in infants delivered vaginally and by caesarean section. Maternal serum TSH concentrations were stable throughout the perinatal period. Warming the infants at 99-103 degrees F during the first 3 hr of life did not prevent the early, acute release of thyrotropin. Cooling of warm infants at room temperature (72-78 degrees F) between 3 and 4 hr resulted in a decrease in mean rectal temperature of 3.3 degrees F and produced a significant increment in serum TSH concentration. These data suggest that the mechanism of the early, acute release of thyrotropin in the newborn may involve a potent stimulus other than cooling. However, the increase in serum TSH stimulated by delayed (3-4 hr) cooling indicates that neonatal hyperthyroxinemia is, at least, augmented by extrauterine cooling. Thus, cold exposure is capable of increasing TSH secretion in humans.
Collapse
|
615
|
Fisher DA, Oddie TH. Thyroid iodine content and turnover in euthyroid subjects: validity of estimation of thyroid iodine accumulation from short-term clearance studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969; 29:721-7. [PMID: 4305619 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-29-5-721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
616
|
Fisher DA, Oddie TH. Thyroidal radioiodine clearance and thryoid iodine accumulation: contrast between random daily variation and population data. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969; 29:111-5. [PMID: 5762312 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-29-1-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
617
|
Fisher DA, Chang LW, Tuffanelli DL. Lues maligna. Presentation of a cas and a review of the literature. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY 1969; 99:70-3. [PMID: 5761808 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.99.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
618
|
Fisher DA, Oddie TH. Effect of methyl testosterone on thyroxine metabolism and on triiodothyronine kinetics. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1968; 28:1690-8. [PMID: 4972507 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-28-12-1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
619
|
Oddie TH, Pirnique FG, Fisher DA, Meade JH. Geographic variation of radioiodine uptake in euthyroid subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1968; 28:761-75. [PMID: 5656434 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-28-6-761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
620
|
Oddie TH, Myhill J, Pirnique FG, Fisher DA. Effect of age and sex on the radioiodine uptake in euthyroid subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1968; 28:776-82. [PMID: 5656435 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-28-6-776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
621
|
|
622
|
Abstract
The effect of norepinephrine on exogenous vasopressin antidiuresis was investigated in water-loaded subjects. After an initial 2 to 3 hr period of water loading (phase 1), 10-100 mU of vasopressin per hr were infused at a constant rate for 1 hr (phase 2) followed by infusion of 10-100 mU of vasopressin per hr plus 600 mug of l-norepinephrine per hr for 1 hr (phase 3). Endogenous creatinine clearance, osmolal clearance, and free water clearance (in milliliters/minute) and sodium and chloride excretion (in milliequivalents/minute) were measured. In 10 subjects given 10-20 mU of vasopressin per hr during phases 2 and 3, free water clearance decreased significantly from phase 1 to phase 2 (9.3 to 0.15, P = 0.001) and increased during phase 3 norepinephrine infusion to 4.7 ml/min (P = 0.001). A comparable decrease in phase 2 free water clearance was observed in four subjects given 50 or 100 mU of vasopressin per hr during phases 2 and 3 (P < 0.01); however, the phase 3 norepinephrine infusion in these subjects was not associated with an increase in free water clearance. Creatinine clearance, osmolal clearance, and sodium and chloride excretion were unchanged throughout the studies in both groups of subjects.A two phase study in seven subjects confirmed that 10, 20, or 75 mU of vasopressin per hr susstained antidiuresis during phase 2 for at least 2 hr and that free water clearance values were essentially constant in the individual subject after the first 30 min of infusion. The magnitude of the (phase 3) norepinephrine-induced increase in free water clearance (4.5 +/- 0.64 ml/min) during infusion of 10-20 mU of vasopressin per hr, the failure of norepinephrine to increase free water clearance during infusion of 50-100 mU of vasopressin per hr, and the relatively constant endogenous creatinine and osmolal clearance rates would suggest that the norepinephrine inhibition of vasopressin antidiuresis was not the result of alterations in renal blood flow. A post-phase 3 infusion of vasopressin in four subjects resulted in a marked decrease in free water clearance, indicating that the norepinephrine inhibition of vasopressin antidiuresis was not accountable on the basis of decreased medullary hypertonicity. These data support the hypothesis that catecholamine blocks the cellular mechanism of vasopressin antidiuresis in vivo. The observation that norepinephrine did not inhibit the antidiuresis produced by the infusion of 50 or 100 mU of vasopressin per hr suggests that this inhibition might be competitive. A possible role of catecholamine in the mechanism of cold diuresis is suggested.
Collapse
|
623
|
Fisher DA. Cold diuresis in the newborn. Pediatrics 1967; 40:636-41. [PMID: 6051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
624
|
Morris MD, Fisher DA. Trypsinogen deficiency disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN (1960) 1967; 114:203-8. [PMID: 5006445 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1967.02090230133019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
625
|
Oddie TH, Meade JH, Fisher DA. Dependence of thyroidal clearance rate on plasma iodide level. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1967; 27:722-7. [PMID: 6025475 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-27-5-722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|