1201
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Olson GB, South MA, Good RA. Phytohaemagglutinin unresponsiveness of lymphocytes from babies with congenital rubella. Nature 1967; 214:695-6. [PMID: 6049075 DOI: 10.1038/214695a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1202
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Yunis EJ, Hong R, Grewe MA, Martinez C, Cornelius E, Good RA. Postthymectomy wasting associated with autoimmune phenomena. I. Antiglobulin-positive anemia in A and C57BL-6 Ks mice. J Exp Med 1967; 125:947-66. [PMID: 4164823 PMCID: PMC2138208 DOI: 10.1084/jem.125.5.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Mice of A and C(57)BL/6 Ks strains, thymectomized at birth acquire wasting disease in 84.1% (A) and 77.1% (C(57)BL/6 Ks) of the cases. There is no sex predelection. 2. Anemia in these animals is characterized by shortened red cell survival and increased fragility to hypotonic salt solutions. Among thymectomized A mice reticulocytosis is absent and extramedullary hematopoiesis is found in the spleen in the presence of bone marrow hypoplasia for the erythroid and lymphocyte series. 3. Positive antiglobulin tests of the red cells were observed in all the thymectomized C(57)BL/6 Ks (7/7) and 71.2% of the A strains (62/87). Normal mice do not show positive Coombs' tests. 4. The globulin coat on the A strain consists of IgM, whereas beta(1C) and IgG are not detectable. By contrast, red cell coats of NZB mice developing spontaneous autoimmune hemolytic anemia show IgM and beta(1C), but these erythrocytes do not react with anti-gamma chain antibodies. Another difference in the globulin coats of the two types of erythrocytes is that the IgM on NZB red cells has available light chain determinants but these are apparently hidden or absent in the case of sensitized erythrocytes. The difference in antibody coating, association with a component of complement in one but not the other, suggests a different mechanism for the immune surface phenomenon in each instance. 5. Anemia in NZB mice is associated with reticulocytosis while that in thymectomized A mice is not. 6. Thymectomy appears to initiate a chain of events leading to a series of autoimmune phenomena which may be due to alteration in host response consequent to loss of thymic tissue and thymic dependent functions or alternatively to infection to which increased susceptibility exists as a result of thymic extirpation.
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1203
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Lirenman DS, Fish AJ, Good RA. Role of aggregated bovine albumin in pathogenesis of serum sickness nephritis in rabbits. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1967; 125:231-4. [PMID: 4165485 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-125-32056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1204
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Michael AF, Vernier RL, Drummond KN, Levitt JI, Herdman RC, Fish AJ, Good RA. Immunosuppressive therapy of chronic renal disease. N Engl J Med 1967; 276:817-28. [PMID: 4164149 DOI: 10.1056/nejm196704132761501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1205
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Windhorst DB, Holmes B, Good RA. A newly defined X-linked trait in man with demonstration of the Lyon effect in carrier females. Lancet 1967; 1:737-9. [PMID: 4164116 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(67)91360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1206
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1207
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Quie PG, White JG, Holmes B, Good RA. In vitro bactericidal capacity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: diminished activity in chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. J Clin Invest 1967; 46:668-79. [PMID: 6021213 PMCID: PMC442050 DOI: 10.1172/jci105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 667] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diminished bactericidal capacity was found to be characteristic of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from five children with the clinical syndrome of granulomatous disease of childhood. The PMN from these children demonstrated nearly normal phagocytic capacity, and the majority of viable bacteria, after 2 hours of incubation in the phagocytosis system, were found associated with leukocytes. The morphology of the unstimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease was similar to those from normal persons of similar ages by light and electron microscopy. In addition, the total lysozyme and phagocytin activity of leukocyte extracts from these patients was similar to those from equal numbers of leukocytes from controls.A striking difference in the cytoplasmic response after phagocytosis characterized the PMN of the patients with granulomatous disease. Whereas degranulation, vacuole formation, and rapid bacterial digestion were the rule in the PMN from controls, little degranulation and persistence of intact bacteria in the cytoplasm characterized disease. The deficiency of bactericidal capacity and the minimal degranulation after active phagocytosis by the PMN of these children with an inherited syndrome suggest that separate metabolic processes are involved in phagocytosis and in intracellular digestion. Continuing study of the metabolic function of leukocytes from these children should provide an opportunity for increased understanding of the metabolic basis for degranulation and intracellular digestion in phagocytic cells.
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1208
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Hoyer JR, Michael AF, Fish AJ, Good RA. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis presenting as hypertensive encephalopathy with minimal urinary abnormalities. Pediatrics 1967; 39:412-7. [PMID: 6018971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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1209
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Clawson CC, Cooper MD, Good RA. Lymphocyte fine structure in the bursa of fabricius, the thymus, and the germinal centers. J Transl Med 1967; 16:407-21. [PMID: 6023789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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1210
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Herdman RC, Hong R, Michael AF, Good RA. Light chain distribution in immune deposits on glomeruli of kidneys in human renal disease. J Clin Invest 1967; 46:141-6. [PMID: 6018753 PMCID: PMC297032 DOI: 10.1172/jci105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The gammaG-immunoglobulin (IgG) deposited on glomeruli of 32 percutaneous renal biopsies from 30 patients with various forms of renal disease was examined by fluorescent techniques to determine its light chain composition. Serum kappa: lambda light chain ratios were determined on 17 serum samples from 16 of the 30 patients. Glomerular IgG staining with only antikappa antiserum, only antilambda antiserum, and with both antisera was demonstrated. No correlation of serum kappa: lambda light chain ratios with the type or types of light chains demonstrable on the glomeruli was observed. We concluded that the IgG deposited on glomeruli of patients with various forms of renal disease is not a nonspecific sample of the circulating immunoglobulin pool but may well reflect more specific selection, as in the deposition of specific antibody formed against exogenous or endogenous antigens during the development of the renal lesion.
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1211
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Cooper MD, Gabrielsen AE, Good RA. Role of the thymus and other central lymphoid tissues in immunological disease. Annu Rev Med 1967; 18:113-38. [PMID: 4164731 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.me.18.020167.000553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1212
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Yunis EJ, Martinez C, Good RA. Increased graft-versus-host susceptibility of thymectomized recipients. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1967; 124:418-21. [PMID: 6019875 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-124-31754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1213
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1214
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Gewurz H, Page AR, Pickering RJ, Good RA. Complement activity and inflammatory neutrophil exudation in man. Studies in patients with glomerulonephritis, essential hypocomplementemia and agammaglobulinemia. INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ALLERGY AND APPLIED IMMUNOLOGY 1967; 32:64-90. [PMID: 4864667 DOI: 10.1159/000229917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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1215
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1216
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Stutman O, Yunis EJ, Martinez C, Good RA. Reversal of post-thymectomy wasting disease in mice by multiple thymus grafts. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 1967; 98:79-87. [PMID: 6018772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1217
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Lirenman DS, Fish AJ, Good RA. Lack of a serum factor in preventing blockade of the reticuloendothelial system in the rabbit. JOURNAL OF THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SOCIETY 1967; 4:34-42. [PMID: 6030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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1218
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Good RA. Presidential address. The whetstones. THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1967; 69:6-14. [PMID: 6018072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1219
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Clawson CC, Finstad J, Good RA. Evolution of the immune response. V. Electron microscopy of plasma cells and lymphoid tissue of the paddlefish. J Transl Med 1966; 15:1830-47. [PMID: 5960459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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1220
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Fish AJ, Michael AF, Vernier RL, Good RA. Acute serum sickness nephritis in the rabbit. An immune deposit disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1966; 49:997-1022. [PMID: 5926385 PMCID: PMC1907290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1221
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Gewurz H, South MA, Good RA. The ontogeny of complement activity. Complement titers in the developing chick embryo during graft-versus-host reactions. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1966; 123:718-21. [PMID: 5959010 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-123-31586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1222
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Good RA. Strategists' Guide. Science 1966. [DOI: 10.1126/science.154.3749.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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1223
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Dent PB, Fish LA, White LG, Good RA. Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Observations on the nature of the associated malignancy. J Transl Med 1966; 15:1634-42. [PMID: 5957288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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1224
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1225
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Yunis EJ, Martinez C, Sjodin K, Good RA. Allograft tolerance in thymectomized mice injected with small doses of spleen cells. Transplantation 1966; 4:582-6. [PMID: 5339405 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-196609000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1226
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1227
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Gewurz H, Pickering RJ, Muschel LH, Mergenhagen SE, Good RA. Complement-dependent biological functions in complement deficiency in man. Lancet 1966; 2:356-60. [PMID: 4161719 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1228
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1229
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Kelly WD, McKneally MF, Oliveras F, Martinez C, Good RA. Acquired tolerance to skin grafts induced with cell-free antigenic material: further tissue sources, frozen storage, dose-duration requirements. Transplantation 1966; 4:489-97. [PMID: 5338635 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-196607000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1230
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Cooper MD, Perey DY, McKneally MF, Gabrielsen AE, Sutherland DE, Good RA. A mammalian equivalent of the avian bursa of Fabricius. Lancet 1966; 1:1388-91. [PMID: 4160954 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)90300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1231
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Holmes B, Quie PG, Windhorst DB, Pollara B, Good RA. Protection of phagocytized bacteria from the killing action of antibiotics. Nature 1966; 210:1131-2. [PMID: 5964315 DOI: 10.1038/2101131a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1232
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Holmes B, Quie PG, Windhorst DB, Good RA. Fatal granulomatous disease of childhood. An inborn abnormality of phagocytic function. Lancet 1966; 1:1225-8. [PMID: 4161205 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)90238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1233
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Cooper MD, Peterson RD, Gabrielsen AE, Good RA. Lymphoid malignancy and development, differentiation, and function of the lymphoreticular system. Cancer Res 1966; 26:1165-9. [PMID: 4161635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1234
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Heim LR, Good RA, Martinez C. Influence of adrenalectomy on homologous disease. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1966; 122:107-11. [PMID: 5944853 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-122-31064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1235
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Drummond KN, Michael AF, Good RA. Tryptophan metabolism in a patient with phenylketonuria and scleroderma: a proposed explanation of the indole defect in phenylketonuria. CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL 1966; 94:834-8. [PMID: 5929533 PMCID: PMC1936554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria and severe focal scleroderma were observed in a white male child. This is the first instance in which the association of these two rare disorders has been reported. Studies carried out on this patient provide a possible explanation for the abnormalities of indole metabolism in phenylketonuria. On an unrestricted diet, when serum phenylalanine levels were elevated, excessive urinary excretion of indolic tryptophan metabolites was seen 18-24 hours after oral tryptophan loading, and tryptophan was demonstrable in the stool. This was not observed when the serum phenylalanine was within normal limits on a low phenylalanine diet. Impaired intestinal tryptophan absorption secondary to elevated serum phenylalanine, by providing tryptophan substrate for bacterial degradation to indolic compounds which are absorbed and excreted in the urine, may partially explain the abnormalities of indole metabolism in phenylketonuria.
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1236
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1237
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Drummond KN, Michael AF, Good RA, Vernier RL. The nephrotic syndrome of childhood: immunologic, clinical, and pathologic correlations. J Clin Invest 1966; 45:620-30. [PMID: 4160816 PMCID: PMC292736 DOI: 10.1172/jci105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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1238
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Peterson RD, Purchase HG, Burmester BR, Cooper MD, Good RA. Relationships among visceral lymphomatosis, bursa of Fabricius, and bursa-dependent lymphoid tissue of the chicken. J Natl Cancer Inst 1966; 36:585-98. [PMID: 4286933 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/36.4.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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1239
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South MA, Cooper MD, Wollheim FA, Hong R, Good RA. The IgA system. I. Studies of the transport and immunochemistry of IgA in the saliva. J Exp Med 1966; 123:615-27. [PMID: 4160397 PMCID: PMC2180464 DOI: 10.1084/jem.123.4.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Five patients with congenital or acquired agammaglobulinemia, lacking detectable IgA in serum or saliva, were transfused with 1 to 2 liters of normal plasma. In 2 of these patients IgA was demonstrated in parotid saliva collected after transfusion, but in none of the 5 was salivary IgG or IgM found. This observation indicates the selective transport of IgA into saliva. 2. The observation by others of an immunochemical difference between serum and sahvary IgA globulin was confirmed. In contrast to serum IgA, salivary IgA is attached to a protein having antigenicity which migrates as a gamma(1) globulin. We have termed this protein component "transport piece". 3. The transport piece has been found in an unbound form in the saliva of persons completely lacking IgA: agammaglobulinemic patients, ataxia-telangiectasia patients, a healthy person lacking IgA, and a newborn infant. Free transport piece still occurs in the normal child's saliva after IgA production begins. By adulthood there is usually no free transport piece in the saliva. 4. Heat-aggregated salivary IgA, like heat-aggregated serum IgA, does not fix complement. 5. Our findings offer support for the view that there is a distinct local antibody system for the protection of the mucous surfaces.
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1240
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1241
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Michael AF, Drummond KN, Good RA, Vernier RL. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: immune deposit disease. J Clin Invest 1966; 45:237-48. [PMID: 4159050 PMCID: PMC292688 DOI: 10.1172/jci105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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1242
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Cooper MD, Schwartz ML, Good RA. Restoration of gamma globulin production in agammaglobulinemic chickens. Science 1966; 151:471-3. [PMID: 4955184 DOI: 10.1126/science.151.3709.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chickens irradiated and bursectomized in the newly hatched period consistently develop agammaglobulinemia and form no circulating antibodies; if the birds are treated immediately after operations by intra-abdominal injection of unirradiated autologous bursa cells, immunoglobulin production, lymphoid germinal centers, and plasma cells are restored; however, the birds fail to produce antibody to specific antigenic challenge.
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1243
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Good RA, Cooper MD, Peterson RD, Kellum MJ, Sutherland DE, Gabrielsen AE. The role of the thymus in immune process. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1966; 135:451-78. [PMID: 5329159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb45494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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1244
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Herdman RC, Michael AF, Vernier RL, Kelly WD, Good RA. Renal function and phosphorus excretion after human renal homotransplantation. Lancet 1966; 1:121-3. [PMID: 4158953 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)91260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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1245
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Windhorst DB, Zelickson AS, Good RA. Chediak-Higashi syndrome: hereditary gigantism of cytoplasmic organelles. Science 1966; 151:81-3. [PMID: 5908967 DOI: 10.1126/science.151.3706.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the Chediak-Higashi syndrome, an anomalous hypopigmentation is associated with large lysosomal granules in the blood leukocytes. Since the inheritance pattern is that of an autosomal recessive trait, we postulated a common mechanism for these two primary features of the disease. Electron microscopy of melanocytes revealed that the pigmentary anomaly is indeed based on giant melanosomes. Since both types of granules, leukocytic and melanosomal, are characterized by limiting membranes, Chediak-Higashi disease may be a genetic disease of membranes.
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1246
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Cooper MD, Raymond DA, Peterson RD, South MA, Good RA. The functions of the thymus system and the bursa system in the chicken. J Exp Med 1966; 123:75-102. [PMID: 5323079 PMCID: PMC2138128 DOI: 10.1084/jem.123.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius and the thymus are "central lymphoid organs" in the chicken, essential to the ontogenetic development of adaptive immunity in that species. Surgical removal of one or both of these organs in the newly hatched chicken, followed by sublethal X-irradiation the next day, has permitted recognition of two morphologically distinct cell systems in the "peripheral lymphoid tissues" of the spleen, gut, and other organs, and clear definition of the separate functions of each cell system. The thymus-dependent development is represented morphologically by the small lymphocytes of the circulation and the white pulp type of development in the tissues. As in mammals, the thymus-dependent tissues of the chicken are basic to the ontogenesis of cellular immunity: graft versus host reactions, responses of delayed hypersensitivity and homograft rejection; and play a less clearly defined role in the antibody response to at least some antigens. Thymectomized-irradiated chickens are deficient in all these responses, and grow more slowly than any of the other experimental groups. In these animals germinal centers, plasma cells, and capacity for immunoglobulin synthesis remain intact. The bursa-dependent development is represented morphologically by the larger lymphocytes of the germinal centers and the plasma cells, and functionally by the immunoglobulins. Bursectomized-irradiated chickens are agammaglobulinemic and unable to produce detectable antibody despite intense, repeated stimulation with bovine serum albumin and Brucella abortus organisms. The thymus-dependent development in these animals seems to be normal; they have adequate numbers of lymphocytes in the circulation and tissues, are able to reject skin homografts, though more slowly than usual, and to exercise graft versus host reactions. The short life span of these chickens has precluded adequate study of responses of delayed hypersensitivity. There was no evidence of significant impairment of reticuloendothelial function in either the bursectomized-irradiated or the thymectomized-irradiated group, as judged by the clearance of colloidal gold and I(131)-tagged keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
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1247
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Good RA, Gabrielsen AE, Peterson RD, Cooper MD. The central lymphoid tissue in developmental immunobiology. TRANSACTIONS & STUDIES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA 1966; 33:180-5. [PMID: 5906407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1248
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Gewurz H, Wernick PR, Quie PG, Good RA. Effects of hydrocortisone succinate on the complement system. Nature 1965; 208:755-7. [PMID: 5868883 DOI: 10.1038/208755a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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1249
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Hilgard HR, Martinez C, Good RA. Production of runt disease in tolerant mice by the injection of syngeneic lymphoid cells. J Exp Med 1965; 122:1017-27. [PMID: 5322511 PMCID: PMC2138107 DOI: 10.1084/jem.122.5.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
When chimeric A strain mice tolerant of (A x C57BL/1)F(1) hybrid skin grafts are injected with spleen cells from normal A donors the recipients develop weight loss, clinical evidence of runting, and death in some animals. Similar recipients injected with spleen cells from A strain donors immunized against C57BL/1 tissue show a more rapid onset of the runting process and increased mortality. Runting in. these experiments therefore results from an immune attack by the injected A strain lymphoid cells against the (A x C57BL/1)F(1) hybrid tissue harbored by the chimeric recipients. Since the hybrid tissues of the chimeric recipients were derived from spleen cell populations we conclude that the immunologic rejection of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue is sufficient to cause the runting syndrome. C3H mice tolerant of A strain skin grafts because of the prior injection of viable or disrupted A strain spleen material were given 400 r of x-irradiation and an injection of C3H spleen cells. Only the chimeric C3H mice harboring viable A strain cells developed weight loss and clinical evidence of disease, showing again that runting occurs only when an attack can be made against viable lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue. Normal A strain mice injected intravenously with 850 million (A x C57BL/1)F(1) hybrid spleen cells reject hybrid skin grafts and do not develop runting, whereas the rejection of similar hybrid tissue present in chimeric A strain mice results in runting. It is concluded that runting will occur only when the immunologic attack is directed against lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue which has become established within host tissues. The possibility that runting may result from hypersensitivity reactions occurring in the lymphoid tissues is discussed.
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Parry SC, Good RA. The outbreak of unknown infectious disease in the Meon Valley 1948, clinically diagnosed in retrospect as an Echo virus infection. Public Health 1965; 79:326-31. [PMID: 5829617 DOI: 10.1016/s0033-3506(65)80027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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