Genetic diversity of Lepista nuda (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) in Northeast China as indicated by SRAP and ISSR markers

Lepista nuda is a popular wild edible mushroom that grows in China. In this study, we used ISSR and SRAP molecular markers to analyze the genetic diversity of 72 samples of L. nuda from eight populations in Northeast China. In total, six ISSR primers and five pairs of SRAP primers that produced clear and polymorphic banding profiles were selected for assessing L. nuda genetic diversity. The results revealed a high level of genetic variation among the 72 samples (94.4% polymorphism) but a low degree of gene flow among the populations. Among L. nuda populations, genetic distance was not correlated significantly with geographic distance. The antioxidant activity of the samples from each population was also tested and the result showed that all the selected samples had more than 60% DPPH scavenging activities. Nonetheless, the antioxidant activity diversity is not coincident with both the genetic diversity and the geographic distribution. The results indicate that ISSR and SRAP molecular markers are useful for studying the genetic diversity of L. nuda. The results also suggest that L. nuda populations in Northeast China require protection.

The miR 495-UBE2C-ABCG2/ERCC1 axis reverses cisplatin resistance by downregulating drug resistance genes in cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells

Cisplatin (DDP) resistance has become the leading cause of mortality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). miRNA dysregulation significantly contributes to tumor progression. In this study, we found that miR-495 was significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissue specimens. This study aimed to elucidate the functions, direct target genes, and molecular mechanisms of miR-495 in lung cancer. miR-495 downregulated its substrate UBE2C through direct interaction with UBE2C 3′- untranslated region. UBE2C is a proto-oncogene activated in lung cancer; however, its role in chemotherapeutic resistance is unclear. Herein, UBE2C expression levels were higher in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells; this was associated with the proliferation, invasion, and DDP resistance in induced cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells. Furthermore, epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMT) contributed to DDP resistance. Moreover, UBE2C knockdown downregulated vimentin. In contrast, E-cadherin was upregulated. Importantly, miR-495 and UBE2C were associated with cisplatin resistance. We attempted to evaluate their effects on cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. We also performed EMT, cell migration, and invasion assays in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells overexpressing miR-495 and under-expressing UBE2C. Furthermore, in silico assays coupled with western blotting and luciferase assays revealed that UBE2C directly binds to the 5′-UTR of the drug-resistance genes ABCG2 and ERCC1. Furthermore, miR-495 downregulated ABCG2 and ERCC1 via regulation of UBE2C. Together, the present results indicate that the miR495-UBE2C-ABCG2/ERCC1 axis reverses DDP resistance via downregulation of anti-drug genes and reducing EMT in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells.

Metallothionein-1 suppresses rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis by shifting the Th17/Treg balance

It is now well accepted that an imbalance between the Th17 and regulatory T-cell responses is closely associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the precise regulatory mechanism for the differentiation of Th17 and Treg in RA is not well characterized. The present study showed that metallothionein-1 (MT-1), which is a low molecular weight protein that is involved in the detoxification of heavy metals and scavenging of free radicals, was upregulated in RA. Furthermore, the synovial inflammation and pathologic symptoms in collagen-induced arthritis and collagen antibody-induced arthritis mice were significantly suppressed when MT-1 was expressed intraarticularly. Further investigation revealed that MT-1 inhibited the differentiation of Th17 cells but enhanced that of Treg cells. Furthermore, it markedly decreased both STAT3 and RAR-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) expression in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our studies demonstrated that MT-1 might manifest as a protein involved in immunosuppression of RA pathogenesis by shifting Th17/Treg balance and may prove to be a potential therapeutic target for RA autoimmune diseases.

400-Gbit/s QPSK free-space optical communicationlink based on four-fold multiplexing of Hermite-Gaussian or Laguerre-Gaussian modes by varying both modal indices

We experimentally demonstrate the four-fold multiplexing of Hermite-Gaussian (HG_mn) or Laguerre-Gaussian (LG_lp) modes to achieve a 400 Gbit/s quadrature-phase-shift-keyed (QPSK) free-space optical communication link. In this experiment, both modal indices for the HG and LG modes are simultaneously utilized to achieve a larger potential orthogonal modal space. Moreover, we also investigate and compare the effects of aperture size, lateral displacement, and rotation on the system. We measure the degree of performance degradation due to the following: (1) a receiver aperture with a limited size causes power loss and crosstalk for both HG and LG modes; (2) a lateral misalignment between the transmitter and receiver which leads to crosstalk for LG modes, but might not affect HG_0n or HG_m0 modes due to axial symmetry; and (3) a rotational misalignment between the transmitter and receiver which causes crosstalk for the HG modes, but does not tend to affect the LG modes due to azimuthal symmetry.

miR-9 regulates ferroptosis by targeting glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase GOT1 in melanoma

Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death driven by lipid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. However, the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation are still largely unknown. Here we identified a novel miRNA, miR-9, as an important regulator of ferroptosis by directly targeting GOT1 in melanoma cells. Overexpression of miR-9 suppressed GOT1 by directly binding to its 3'-UTR, which subsequently reduced erastin- and RSL3-induced ferroptosis. Conversely, suppression of miR-9 increased the sensitivity of melanoma cells to erastin and RSL3. Importantly, anti-miR-9 mediated lipid ROS accumulation and ferroptotic cell death could be abrogated by inhibiting glutaminolysis process. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that miR-9 regulates ferroptosis by targeting GOT1 in melanoma cells, illustrating the important role of miRNA in ferroptosis.

CCL20 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombus and correlates negatively with surgical outcome

There is not yet a consensus regarding prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) versus without bile duct tumor thrombus. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) plays critical roles in the progress of many types of tumor. But the clinicopathological and prognostic value of this marker in HCC with BDTT is unceratin. In this study, we reported that the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in HCC with BDTT were significantly shorter than in those without BDTT (P<0.05). CCL20 was expressed at a significantly higher level in bile duct tumor thrombus by real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Patients with high CCL20 expression levels had a poor prognosis. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that CCL20 was an independent prognostic factor for OS. The presence of bile duct tumor thrombus indicateda poor prognosis in HCC patients, but was not a surgical contraindication. CCL20 was associated with tumor progression and high CCL20 expression was correlated with worse surgical outcomes in HCC with BDTT. Inhibition of CCL20 expression might offer novel promising molecular targets for treatment.

Imaging findings of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in breast: A case report

RATIONALE

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs), particularly breast IMTs, are rare neoplastic lesions typically associated with a favorable prognosis. Breast IMTs are easily misdiagnosed as other types of malignant lesions, and therefore there is a significant unmet need for a better preoperational differential diagnosis based on imaging manifestations. Here, we report the imaging findings of a breast IMT and compare our findings with previously published features of breast IMTs.

PATIENT CONCERNS

The patient, a 43-year-old female, reported the presence of a palpable lump within her left breast. An ultrasound examination revealed an irregular hypoechoic mass with unclear boundaries. Mammography demonstrated a mass of heterogeneous and striped density with granular calcification. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) inspection displayed an irregular tissue lump with an undistinguishable boundary and a further dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI disclosed an associated efflux change.

DIAGNOSES

Breast inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors.

INTERVENTIONS

Breast needle biopsy and mammary resection were performed. Pathological staining of the bulk resected tumor after preoperative preparation revealed that the tumor-like tissue was enriched for spindle cells arranged in fascicular clusters. Histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry confirmed the mass as being a breast IMT.

OUTCOMES

No metastatic recurrence was found during 6-month or 1-year follow-ups.

LESSONS

Breast IMTs commonly develop in elderly women with atypical imaging features. They are primarily composed of lobular soft tissues infiltrated with an abundant focal blood supply and granular calcification. Development of breast IMTs is closely related to trauma. A preliminary diagnosis of such masses can be made based on combined manifestations of both clinical and imaging features, while a final confirmation still requires pathological staining. Imaging examinations are of value for such tumors to define the lesion edges and their associations with adjacent tissues.

[Technical specification for clinical application of critical ultrasonography]

Critical ultrasonography(CUS) is different from the traditional diagnostic ultrasound, the examiner and interpreter of the image are critical care medicine physicians. The core content of CUS is to evaluate the pathophysiological changes of organs and systems and etiology changes. With the idea of critical care medicine as the soul, it can integrate the above information and clinical information, bedside real-time diagnosis and titration treatment, and evaluate the therapeutic effect so as to improve the outcome. CUS is a traditional technique which is applied as a new application method. The consensus of experts on critical ultrasonography in China released in 2016 put forward consensus suggestions on the concept, implementation and application of CUS. It should be further emphasized that the accurate and objective assessment and implementation of CUS requires the standardization of ultrasound image acquisition and the need to establish a CUS procedure. At the same time, the standardized training for CUS accepted by critical care medicine physicians requires the application of technical specifications, and the establishment of technical specifications is the basis for the quality control and continuous improvement of CUS. Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group and Critical Hemodynamic Therapy Collabration Group, based on the rich experience of clinical practice in critical care and research, combined with the essence of CUS, to learn the traditional ultrasonic essence, established the clinical application technical specifications of CUS, including in five parts: basic view and relevant indicators to obtain in CUS; basic norms for viscera organ assessment and special assessment; standardized processes and systematic inspection programs; examples of CUS applications; CUS training and the application of qualification certification. The establishment of applied technology standard is helpful for standardized training and clinical correct implementation. It is helpful for clinical evaluation and correct guidance treatment, and is also helpful for quality control and continuous improvement of CUS application.

Association between dietary protein intake and prostate cancer risk: evidence from a meta-analysis

Background

Many studies were conducted to explore the relationship between dietary protein intake and risk of prostate cancer, obtaining inconsistent results. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively explore the predicted role of dietary protein intake for risk of prostate cancer.

Methods

Databases of Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang Med Online were searched up to August 30, 2017. Eligible studies were included based on our definite inclusion criteria. Summarized relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled with a random effects model. Sensitive analysis and publication bias were performed.

Results

At the end, a total of 12 articles comprising 13,483 prostate cancer cases and 286,245 participants were included. The summary RR and 95%CI of the highest protein intake compared to those with the lowest protein intake on prostate cancer risk were 0.993 (95%CI = 0.930–1.061), with no between-study heterogeneity found (I² = 0.0%, P = 0.656). Moreover, the association was not significant on prostate cancer risk with animal protein intake [RR = 1.001, 95%CI = 0.917–1.092] or vegetable protein intake [RR = 0.986, 95%CI = 0.904–1.076]. The results were not changed when we conducted subgroup analysis by study design, cancer type, or geographic locations. We did not detect any publication bias using Egger’s test (P = 0.296) and funnel plot.

Conclusion

Our study concluded that protein intake may be not associated on prostate cancer.

[Influence of two kinds of probiotics combined with bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication]

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of Compound Lactobacillus Tablets or Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets combining with bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) eradication. Methods: A total of 360 H. pylori- infected patients were enrolled and randomly assigned into three groups. Group A received esomeprazole 20 mg bid+ bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg bid+ amoxicillin 1 000 mg bid+ furazolidone 100 mg bid for 10 days. Group B or group C received the same quadruple therapy for 10 days as group A, as well as Compound Lactobacillus Tablets 1 000 mg tid or Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets 500 mg bid for 14 days. Drug-related side effects and adverse reactions were collected during the therapy, and H. pylori eradication results were confirmed by (13)C/(14)C-UBT at least 4 weeks after cessation of therapy. Results: The H. pylori eradication rates in group A, B and C were 81.7%, 84.2% and 85.0% by ITT analysis (P=0.768) and 92.5%, 90.1% and 93.6% by PP analysis (P=0.770), respectively. The overall side effects and adverse reactions rates (P=0.008) and occurrence of diarrhea (P<0.001) were significantly lower in group B than group A. The overall side effect rates (P=0.003) and occurrence of diarrhea (P<0.001), abdominal distension (P=0.004) and constipation(P=0.002) were significantly lower in group C than group A. There was no significant difference in side effects and adverse reactions rates between the two probiotics groups. Conclusions: Both Compound Lactobacillus Tablets and Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets, combining with bismuth quadruple therapy, reduced the overall side effects and adverse reactions rates for H. pylori eradication. Moreover, the former can reduce the incidence of diarrhea, and the latter can reduce the incidence of diarrhea, abdominal distension and constipation.

Temperature and liquid refractive index sensor using P-D fiber structure-based Sagnac loop

A cost-efficient P-D fiber structure-based Sagnac loop sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for measuring temperature and liquid refractive index (RI). The P-D structure is fabricated by fusion splicing a section of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) to a piece of multimode D-shaped optical fiber (MMDF). Then the P-D structure is built into a Sagnac loop using a 3dB coupler. The temperature and RI characteristics of the sensor are investigated experimentally. The results show that two resonant dips have different spectral responses of temperature and RI, which indicate that the sensor can realize simultaneous temperature and RI measurement. The high sensitivities of -1.804nm/°C and -131.49nm/RIU are achieved. The obtained resolutions of temperature and RI of the proposed sensor can reach 0.01°C and 2.46 × 10^-4RIU, respectively. The proposed sensor has the potential application in biological and chemical fields.

[Relationship between the weight of hospitalized patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the oral dose of isoniazid]

Objective: To study the relationship between the weight change trend of initial treatment patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the dose change trend of isoniazid, and therefore to analyze the appropriate dose of isoniazid. Methods: Data of initial treatment inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis from May 1955 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis and those with complications were excluded from the study. The time period was separated as 20th century 1950s to 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 21th century 2000s and 2010s. Samples were selected in each year and month between 1950s to 1960s and 1970s. After 1980s, samples of 1 year were taken from each 5 years. The sex, age and weight for every patient were collected, as well as the dose of isoniazid of every inpatient on a day in therapeutic regimen. Meanwhile, the weight change trend of the patients in different ages and the dose change trend of isoniazid were compared. The total number of cases was 1 398, with 924 males and 474 females, averaging (36.7±14.4) years old. Results: The weight of the patients increased when it was compared between that in 1950s to 1960s, 1970s or 1980s and that in 2000s, with a increasing weight of 3 kg, 3.5 kg and 3 kg respectively. The difference showed statistical significance (P<0.003). The difference was also significant when the weight in 70s was compared with that in 2010s (P=0.002). The therapeutic dose of isoniazid remained invariable regardless of the weight change. At 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, the dose of isoniazid per kilogram of body weight would reduce to 0.005 4 g, 0.005 2 g and 0.0054 g relative to patients' weight increase, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: The weight of pulmonary tuberculosis inpatients increased in recent 60 years. The weight has a close relation with the dose of isoniazid. A fixed dose of isoniazid (0.3 g/d) regardless of the weight change could result in low blood drug concentration . To avoid tolerance of isoniazid and increase the cure rates of pulmonary tuberculosis, the dosage of isoniazid should be increased based on the weight increase of patients.

Periodontal health during orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Clear aligners have become increasingly popular because of their esthetics and comfort. The authors' aim in this systematic review was to compare periodontal health in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners with that of those undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED

The authors systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to collect related studies. After extracting data and assessing quality, the authors performed a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. The authors used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to assess the quality of the evidence.

RESULTS

The authors included 9 studies in the quantitative synthesis analysis. Clear aligners were better for periodontal health, including plaque index (mean difference [MD], -0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.85 to -0.20; P = .001), gingival index (MD, -0.27; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.17; P < .001), and probing depth (MD, -0.35; 95% CI, -0.67 to -0.03; P = .03), than were fixed appliances. However, the trial sequential analysis outcome indicated a false-positive meta-analysis result for probing depth. The authors downgraded the level of the evidence because of the risk of bias and inconsistency.

CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS

Clear aligners were better for periodontal health than fixed appliances and might be recommended for patients at high risk of developing gingivitis. However, high-quality studies still are required.

[Impact of KIT D816 mutation on salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) translocation]

Objective: To evaluate the impact of KIT D816 mutation on the salvage therapy in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) translocation. Method: The characteristics of the first relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation from 10 hospitals were retrospectively collected, complete remission (CR(2)) rate after one course salvage chemotherapy and the relationship between KIT mutation and CR(2) rate was analyzed. Results: 68 cases were enrolled in this study, and 30 cases (44.1%) achieved CR(2). All patients received KIT mutation detection, and KIT D816 mutation was identified in 26 cases. The KIT D816 positive group had significantly lower CR(2) compared with non-KIT D816 group (23.1% vs 57.1%, χ(2)=7.559, P=0.006), and patients with longer CR(1) duration achieved significantly higher CR(2) than those with CR(1) duration less than 12 months (74.1% vs 31.9%, χ(2)=9.192, P=0.002). KIT D816 mutation was tightly related to shorter CR(1) duration. No significant difference of 2 years post relapse survival was observed between KIT D816 mutation and non-KIT D816 mutation group. Conclusion: KIT D816 mutation at diagnosis was an adverse factor on the salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation, significantly related to shorter CR1 duration, and can be used for prediction of salvage therapy response. KIT D816 mutation could guide the decision-making of salvage therapy in relapsed AML with t(8;21) translocation.

Deregulation of UBE2C-mediated autophagy repression aggravates NSCLC progression

The roles of aberrantly regulated autophagy in human malignancy and the mechanisms that initiate and sustain the repression of autophagy in carcinogenesis are less well defined. Activation of the oncogene UBE2C and repression of autophagy are concurrently underlying the initiation, progression, and metastasis of lung cancer and exploration of essential association of UBE2C with autophagy will confer more options in searching novel molecular therapeutic targets in lung cancer. Here we report that aberrant activation of UBE2C in lung tumors from patients associates with adverse prognosis and enhances cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and invasive growth of NSCLC. UBE2C selectively represses autophagy in NSCLC and disruption of UBE2C-mediated autophagy repression attenuates cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and invasive growth of NSCLC. Autophagy repression is essentially involved in UBE2C-induced cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and invasive growth of NSCLC. Interference of UBE2C-autophagy repression axis by Norcantharidin arrests NSCLC progression. UBE2C is repressed post-transcriptionally via tumor suppressor miR-381 and epitranscriptionally stabilized with maintenance of lower m⁶A level within its mature RNAs due to the upregulation of m⁶A demethylase ALKBH5 in NSCLC. Collectively, our results indicated that deregulated UBE2C-autophagy repression axis drives NSCLC progression which renders varieties of potential molecular targets in cancer therapy of NSCLC.

A review of the Delia interflua group with descriptions of two new species (Diptera, Anthomyiidae)

The Delia interflua group is reviewed to include 16 species. Two new species are described, namely Delia subnemostylata Xue & Du, sp. n., Delia nigeriposticrus Xue & Du, sp. n. A catalogue and amended key to new species of this group are also included.

Prognostic impact of miR-196a/b expression in adult acute myeloid leukaemia: a single-centre, retrospective cohort study

Objective

The prognostic effect of miR-196a/b expression in adult patients with leukaemia remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether miR-196a/b expression can serve as a prognostic factor for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.

Methods

We enrolled 124 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. We measured miR-196a/b expression by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We classified patients into high and low expression groups based on the median expression value. Cox regression analyses were carried out to assess the prognostic significance of miR-196a/b expression in the context of well-established predictors.

Results

Patients with high miR-196a/b expression were older in age, and had higher white blood cell and platelet counts than did patients with low miR-196a/b expression. Patients with high miR-196a/b expression were associated with the French–American–British classification M5 subtype and with the presence of nucleophosmin and FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations, but were not associated with the favourable karyotype risk subgroup. Moreover, patients with high miR-196a/b expression had a shorter event-free survival rate compared with those with low miR-196a/b expression in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Conclusion

High miR-196a/b expression is associated with poor event-free survival.

Quantitative evaluation of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM) for differential diagnosis and grading prediction of benign and malignant breast lesions

BACKGROUND

That breast carcinoma is the most common malignant lesion in women. This study aimed to differentiate benign from malignant breast lesions and to predict grading of the latter by comparing the diagnostic value of different parameters in intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective analysis was performed utilizing imaging and pathological data from 112 patients with 124 breast lesions that underwent IVIM-DWI examination with 3.0 T MRI. Out of 124, 47 benign and 77 malignant lesions were confirmed by pathological diagnosis. The diagnostic performance of f, D, and D* value to distinguish benign from malignant breast lesions, was evaluated using pathological results as the gold standard. Correlation between D value and Ki-67 index was evaluated to predict grading of malignant breast lesions.

RESULTS

The D value (0.99 ± 0.21) of patients with malignant lesions was significantly lower than that (1.34 ± 0.18) of patients harboring benign lesions (P = .00). The D* value (7.60 ± 2.10) in malignant lesion group was higher than that (6.83 ± 2.13) of the benign lesion group (P = .113). The f value (8.50 ± 2.13) in malignant lesion group was remarkably higher than that (7.68 ± 1.98) of benign lesion group (P = .035). For differential diagnosis of benign from malignant breast lesions, optimal diagnostic threshold of D value and f value were 1.21 and 7.86, respectively. The areas of D and f values under the ROC curve were 0.883 and 0.601, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of D value were 83.0%, 86.7%, and 85.5%, respectively. Accordingly, those indexes of f value were 64.9%, 57.4%, and 62.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the Ki-67 staining index of malignant lesions was robustly negatively correlated with D value (r = -0.395, P < .01).

CONCLUSION

Concrete parameters of IVIM-DWI can help to improve the specificity and accuracy in differential diagnosis of breast benign and malignant lesions. D value is most relevant and valuable in predicting the grading of malignant breast lesions.

Sonochemical synthesis of a multi-responsive regenerable water-stable zinc(II) fluorescent probe for highly selective, sensitive and real-time sensing of benzaldehyde, ferric ion and PH

In this work, a novel water-stable coordination polymer with {4⁴} network topology {[Zn(L)₂(NO₃)₂]}_n (1) (L = 4,4'-Bis(triazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl) has been synthesized through the hydrothermal and sonochemical approaches. 1 has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectrum and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PXRD patterns of the as-synthesized samples 1 have confirmed the purity of the bulky samples. In the sonochemical preparation approaches, different ultrasound irradiation power and ultrasound time were also used in order to investigate the impact factor for morphology and size of nano-structured 1. Photo-luminescence studies have revealed that 1 can efficiently distinguish Fe³⁺ from Fe²⁺ and other metal ions. On the other hand, 1 also can exhibit a highly sensitive, excellently selective and real-time detection of benzaldehyde and pH through photo-luminescence quenching process. As for 1, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) theory has been applied to calculate these spectroscopic data, the result agree with the experimental results for detection of benzaldehyde. Photo-luminescent recyclability results indicated 1 can be reused at least five times in the detection process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a multi-responsive regenerable luminescent sensor for highly selective, sensitive and real-time sensing of Fe³⁺ over Fe²⁺, benzaldehyde and pH values.

Diabetes Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Down-Regulation of MicroRNA and Up-Regulation of O-GlcNAcylation

Management for patients with diabetes experiencing myocardial infarction remains a challenge. Here the authors show that hyperglycemia- and hyperinsulinemia-induced microRNA-24 (miR-24) reduction and O-GlcNAcylation in the diabetic heart contribute to poor survival and increased infarct size in diabetic myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In a mouse model of myocardial I/R, pharmacological or genetic overexpression of miR-24 in hearts significantly reduced myocardial infarct size. Experimental validation revealed that miR-24 targets multiple key proteins, including O-GlcNac transferase, ATG4A, and BIM, to coordinately protect the myocardium from I/R injury. These results establish miR-24 as a promising therapeutic candidate for diabetic I/R injury.