101
|
Sénac JP, Vernhet-Kovacsik H, Bousquet C, Durand G, Godard P, Chanez P. [Is it possible to diagnose interstitial pneumonia only with lung imaging?]. Rev Mal Respir 2006; 23:10S92-10S96. [PMID: 17127977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J-P Sénac
- Imagerie Médicale, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
102
|
|
103
|
Delion S, Chalon S, Hérault J, Guilloteau D, Besnard JC, Durand G. Chronic dietary alpha-linolenic acid deficiency alters dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission in rats. J Nutr 2006; 124:2466-76. [PMID: 16856329 DOI: 10.1093/jn/124.12.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary alpha-linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)] deficiency on dopaminergic serotoninergic neurotransmission systems in 60-d-old male rats. Rats were fed semipurified diets containing either peanut oil [the (n-3)-deficient group] or peanut plus rapeseed oil (control group). We measured the densities of the serotonin-2 (5-HT2) receptors and the dopamine-2 (D2) receptors by autoradiography and membrane-binding assays in relation to the fatty acid composition and levels of endogenous monoamines in three cerebral regions: the frontal cortex, the striatum and the cerebellum. Long-term feeding of the (n-3)-deficient diet induced a significantly higher 5-HT2 receptor density in the frontal cortex compared with the control rats without any difference in the endogenous serotonin concentrations. The results also showed some modification of dopaminergic neurotransmission specifically in the frontal cortex in the rats deficient in alpha-linolenic acid, with a significantly lower density of D2 receptors and a significantly lower concentration of endogenous dopamine than in control animals. Moreover, there were lower levels of (n-3) fatty acids in all the regions studied in the deficient rats, balanced by greater levels of (n-6) fatty acids. These results suggest that chronic consumption of an alpha-linolenic acid-deficient diet could induce modifications of the neurotransmission pathways; this might induce the behavioral disturbances previously described in this fatty acid-deficient animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Delion
- INSERM U 316, Laboratoire de Biophysique Médicale et Pharmaceutique et Laboratoire de Biochimie, 37200 Tours Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
104
|
|
105
|
Tanguy S, Durand G, Reboul C, Polidori A, Pucci B, Dauzat M, Obert P. Protection Against Reactive Oxygen Species Injuries in Rat Isolated Perfused Hearts: Effect of LPBNAH, a New Amphiphilic Spin-Trap Derived from PBN. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006; 20:147-9. [PMID: 16534547 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-006-6754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Numerous strategies have been designed to protect the myocardium against reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study was designed to test wether LPBNAH, a new amphiphilic spin-trap derived from PBN is able to protect isolated perfused rat hearts against ROS injuries. Following total glola ischemia (30 min), hearts were reperfused in the presence or not of LPBNAH (10 micromol/l), and left ventricular function was continuously monitored. The addition of LPBNAH led to a significant recovery in left ventricular developped pressure (LVDevP, control: 16.5+/- 7.5, p < 0.05). To conclude, the present results strongly suggest that the modification of previous wellknown molecules in order to facilitate their access to intracellular site of ROS production might be of interest to limit oxidative stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Tanguy
- Laboratoire de Physiologie des Adaptations Cardiovasculaires à l'Exercice, JE 2426, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Avignon, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Durand G, Weiss J, Lipenkov V, Barnola JM, Krinner G, Parrenin F, Delmonte B, Ritz C, Duval P, Röthlisberger R, Bigler M. Effect of impurities on grain growth in cold ice sheets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jf000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
107
|
Villanueva CM, Durand G, Coutté MB, Chevrier C, Cordier S. Atrazine in municipal drinking water and risk of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and small-for-gestational-age status. Occup Environ Med 2005; 62:400-5. [PMID: 15901888 PMCID: PMC1741023 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2004.016469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrazine is a herbicide used extensively worldwide. Bioassays have shown that it is embryotoxic and embryolethal. Evidence of adverse reproductive outcomes from exposure in the general population is sparse. AIMS To evaluate the association between atrazine levels in municipal drinking water and the following adverse reproductive outcomes: increased risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) status. METHODS A total of 3510 births that took place from 1 October 1997, to 30 September 1998 were analysed. Atrazine measurements were available for 2661 samples from water treatment plants over the past decade. A seasonal pattern was identified, with atrazine peaking from May to September. The geometric mean of the atrazine level for this period was calculated for each water distribution unit and merged with the individual data by municipality of residence. RESULTS Atrazine levels in water were not associated with an increased risk of LBW or SGA status and were slightly associated with prematurity. There was an increased risk of SGA status in cases in which the third trimester overlapped in whole or in part with the May-September period, compared with those in which the third trimester occurred totally from October to April (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.81). If the entire third trimester took place from May to September, the OR was 1.54 (95% CI 1.11 to 2.13). CONCLUSIONS Low levels of atrazine, a narrow exposure range, and limitations in the exposure assessment partly explain the lack of associations with atrazine. Findings point to the third trimester of pregnancy as the potential vulnerable period for an increased risk of SGA birth. Exposures other than atrazine and also seasonal factors may explain the increased risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Villanueva
- Respiratory and Environmental Health Research Unit, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), C/Doctor Aiguader, 80, 08003-Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
108
|
Bréchignac C, Cahuzac P, Calvo F, Durand G, Feiden P, Leygnier J. Evidence for entropic effects in the dissociation of cationic sodium fluoride clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
109
|
Heitz MC, Durand G, Spiegelman F, Meier C, Mitrić R, Bonacić-Koutecký V. Ultrafast excited state dynamics of the Na3F cluster: Quantum wave packet and classical trajectory calculations compared to experimental results. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:9906-16. [PMID: 15549864 DOI: 10.1063/1.1802451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-time, excited-state dynamics of the lowest isomer of the Na(3)F cluster is studied theoretically in order to interpret the features of recent time-resolved pump-probe ionization experiments [J. M. L'Hermite, V. Blanchet, A. Le Padellec, B. Lamory, and P. Labastie, Eur. Phys. J. D 28, 361 (2004)]. In the present paper, we propose an identification of the vibrational motion responsible for the oscillations in the ion signal, on the basis of quantum mechanical wave packet propagations and classical trajectory calculations. The good agreement between experiment and theory allows for a clear interpretation of the detected dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M-C Heitz
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, UMR 5626, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
110
|
Durand G, Heitz MC, Spiegelman F, Meier C, Mitrić R, Bonacić-Koutecký V, Pittner J. Different approaches for the calculation of electronic excited states of nonstoichiometric alkali halide clusters: The example of Na3F. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:9898-905. [PMID: 15549863 DOI: 10.1063/1.1802432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic structure and excited states of the Na(3)F cluster are investigated using different approximate, but numerically efficient, computational schemes, such as a 2e hybrid quantum/classical pseudopotential model with full-configuration interaction or time-dependent density-functional theory. Various quantities such as geometries and transition energies are compared with results previously obtained by multireference configuration interaction calculations, taken as reference data. The potential energy surfaces of the lowest excited states are investigated and the finite-temperature absorption spectra are calculated. The good agreement with recent beam experiments [J.-M. L'Hermite, V. Blanchet, A. Le Padellec, B. Lamory, and P. Labastie, Eur. Phys. J. D 28, 361 (2004)] leads to the conclusion that the absorption spectrum observed experimentally corresponds to the lowest energy isomer which has a C(2v) planar rhombic geometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Durand
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, UMR 5626, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F31062 Toulouse Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
111
|
Boutten A, Bonay M, Laribe S, Leseche G, Castier Y, Leçon-Malas V, Fournier M, Durand G, Aubier M, Dehoux M, Crestani B. Decreased expression of interleukin 13 in human lung emphysema. Thorax 2004; 59:850-4. [PMID: 15454650 PMCID: PMC1746852 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2004.025247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of interferon (IFN)gamma or interleukin (IL)-13 in the adult murine lung induces the development of changes that mirror human lung emphysema. METHODS IL-13 and IFNgamma expression was determined in lung samples from five groups of PATIENTS severe emphysema without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (SE+, n = 10); severe emphysema with alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (SE-, n = 5); mild localised emphysema (ME, n = 8); non-emphysema smokers (NE-S, n = 9), and non-emphysema non-smokers (NE-NS, n = 11). Lung IL-13 and IFNgamma mRNA were analysed by RT-PCR. Lung concentrations of IL-13 protein were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The expression of IFNgamma mRNA was similar in patients with or without emphysema. IL-13 mRNA was markedly decreased in the SE+ group compared with the SE- (p = 0.04), ME (p = 0.02), and non-emphysema groups (p = 0.01). IL-13 mRNA correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r = 0.5, p = 0.04) and arterial oxygen tension (r = 0.45, p = 0.03) in emphysema patients. In contrast to the non-emphysematous lung, IL-13 protein was below the detection limit of the assay in most emphysematous lung homogenates. CONCLUSION The lung IL-13 content is reduced in patients with severe emphysema without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Boutten
- LaboratINSERM U 408, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75870 Paris, Cedex 18, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
112
|
Durand G, Giron J. La taille des artères bronchiques à l’angio-scanner permet de différencier une embolie pulmonaire aiguë d’une maladie thromboembolique chronique. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)72002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
113
|
Durand G, Giron J. SRAS et SDRA : l’évolution radiologique est la même. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [PMCID: PMC7135291 DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)72008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
114
|
Durand G, Giron J. Doit-on dépister par scanner les cancers pulmonaires ? L’expérience de la Mayo Clinic. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)72004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
115
|
Durand G, Giron J. Imagerie thoracique. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)71999-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
116
|
Durand G, Giron J. Pour le diagnostic d’embolie pulmonaire, l’angio-scanner thoracique est aujourd’hui aussi performant que l’angiographie pulmonaire. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)72000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
117
|
Durand G, Giron J. Le scanner multicoupes permet de visualiser les artères bronchiques et les artères systémiques non bronchiques lors d’hémoptysies massives. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)72005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
118
|
Barron-Zambrano J, Laborie S, Viers P, Rakib M, Durand G. Mercury removal and recovery from aqueous solutions by coupled complexation–ultrafiltration and electrolysis. J Memb Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
119
|
Durand G, Dupré T, Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Seta N. [Congenital disorders of glycosylation]. Ann Pharm Fr 2003; 61:330-9. [PMID: 13130291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) is a fast growing group of autosomal recessive inherited diseases caused by defects in glycosylation. The biosynthesis of the glycans is a pathways which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex thanks to highly specific enzymes: glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. The sequential addition of monosaccharides needs precursors which are nucleotide sugars or dolichyl sugars. CDG are divided into two groups: CDG I composed of defects in enzymes involved in the assembly of dolicholpyrophosphate oligosaccharide and in the transfer of oligosaccharide from dolicholpyrophosphate to an Asn residue on nascent proteins; CDG II composed of defects in the processing of protein-bound glycans with alterations in enzymes or in the transporters of monosaccharides. Clinical symptoms are poorly specific and multisystemic, biochemistry provides the diagnosis: Isoelectrofocalisation and western blot of serum transferrin and some other glycoproteins; Measurement of enzyme activities; Research of gene mutations. Today, thirteen CDG are identified, the most frequent is CDG Ia due to a defect in the phosphomannomutase activities and CDG Ib due to a defective phosphomannose isomerase, is the only CDG which is successfully treated with mannose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Durand
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Groupe hospitalier Xavier Bichat--Claude Bernard, AP-HP 75, 46, rue Huchard, F 75877 Paris Cedex 18
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
120
|
Durand G, Polidori A, Salles JP, Prost M, Durand P, Pucci B. Synthesis and antioxidant efficiency of a new amphiphilic spin-trap derived from PBN and lipoic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:2673-6. [PMID: 12873491 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new amphiphilic antioxidant called PBNLP and derived from both alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) and lipoic acid was described. Grafting a lactobionamide moiety onto the aromatic group of the PBN provided the water solubility of this compound. In vitro preliminary biological evaluations of its antioxidant capacity were performed using the KRL biological test based on free radical-induced hemolysis. The PBNLP induces a protection of erythrocytes against exogenous free radicals higher than that measured with lipoic acid or PBN alone or with lipoic acid or PBN derivatives in admixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Durand
- Laboratoire de Chimie BioOrganique et des Systèmes Moléculaire Vectoriels, Faculté des Sciences, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
121
|
Vernhet H, Dogas G, Bousquet C, Durand G, Godard P, Sénac JP. [Value of thoracic CT in the management of severe hemoptysis]. J Radiol 2003; 84:685-91. [PMID: 12910174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the value of thoracic CT in the management of patients with severe hemoptysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1997 and January 2001, 62 patients were investigated for severe hemoptysis (>300 ml/24H). The protocol, performed before angiography and embolization, included bronchial fiberoptic examination (BFE) followed by thoracic spiral CT-angiography. Data recorded at CT and BFE were the presence and location of bleeding, the etiology of hemoptysis and the therapeutic modality. RESULTS Nine patients with life-threatening hemoptysis directly underwent bronchial embolization. CT was available in the 53 remaining patients. No abnormality was found in 4 patients. CT assessed the presence (n=49) and the location (n=38) of the bleeding. The etiology was determined in 49 patients. BFE was feasible in 38/53 patients. BFE assessed the presence (n=38) and location (n=15) of the bleeding. The etiology was determined in 12 cases of bronchial tumour. The available findings of CT and BFE for the presence and the location of the bleeding were concordant. Comparing fiberoptic examination and thoracic CT, the percentages of localized bleedings (39% and 72%) and demonstrated etiologies (32% and 92%), were significantly different (p<0,005 and p<0.0001 respectively). CONCLUSION Although retrospective and limited by the small number of cases, our study provides arguments to perform thoracic CT before bronchial fiberoptic examination for the management of severe hemoptysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Vernhet
- Service d'imagerie thoracique et cardiovasculaire, Département des maladies respiratoires, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 391, avenue du Doyen Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5. h-vernhet@chu-montpellier
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
122
|
Favrelière S, Perault MC, Huguet F, De Javel D, Bertrand N, Piriou A, Durand G. DHA-enriched phospholipid diets modulate age-related alterations in rat hippocampus. Neurobiol Aging 2003; 24:233-43. [PMID: 12498957 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work on rat hippocampus showed that a loss of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) occurs in the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), plasmenylethanolamine (PmE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) with increasing age. The present study investigated whether a DHA-enriched phospholipid dietary supplement could restore DHA levels and cholinergic activity. Male rats were fed a balanced diet containing both linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids until the age of 2, 18 and 21 months. From 18 to 21 months, one subgroup received a diet supplemented with DHA-enriched phospholipids from egg yolk (E-PL), and another a diet with DHA-enriched phospholipids from pig brain (B-PL). Compared to the control diet, the E-PL diet restored the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs: 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6) in PE and PmE, while enhancing spontaneous and evoked-acetylcholine (Ach) release. The B-PL diet had no effect on PUFAs, but increased basal extracellular levels of Ach in 21-month-old rats as compared to the age-matched control. Our results show that supplementation with DHA-enriched egg PL can enhance Ach release and correct PUFA composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Favrelière
- EA 1223 G.E.M.C.I., Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, 86005 Poitiers, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Le Bizec C, de Lonlay P, Barnier A, Mitchell G, Pelletier V, Prevost C, Saudubray JM, Durand G, Seta N. Protein losing enteropathy-hepatic fibrosis syndrome in Saguenay-Lac St-Jean, Quebec is a congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ib. J Med Genet 2002; 39:849-51. [PMID: 12414827 PMCID: PMC1735008 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.39.11.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
124
|
Rozenbaum H, Chevallier O, Moyal M, Durand G, Perineau M, This P. Efficacy and tolerability of pulsed estrogen therapy: a 12-week double-blind placebo-controlled study in highly symptomatic postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2002; 5:249-58. [PMID: 12419083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To confirm the efficacy and safety of pulsed estrogen therapy, a transient daily hormone exposure, for climacteric symptoms in highly symptomatic postmenopausal women. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group study, early postmenopausal women with at least seven moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms per day were randomized to receive intranasal estradiol, 150 or 300 microg/day, or placebo, for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the mean daily number of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, as recorded in patient diaries. RESULTS A total of 165 patients were randomized. The mean daily number of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms decreased significantly more (p < 0.001) in the 150-microg/day (-7.86) and 300-microg/day (-9.39) groups than in the placebo group (-5.22). The decrease reached significance more rapidly with the 300-microg/day dose (from week 2) than with the 150-microg/day dose (from week 8). The rate of emergent adverse events with both doses was similar to that with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Pulsed estrogen therapy, achieved by intranasal estradiol 150 microg/day and 300 microg/day, significantlyreduced the incidence of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, compared with placebo. The 300-microg/day dose demonstrated a greater and more rapid therapeutic effect, with no clinically significant difference in tolerability, compared with the 150-microg/day dose, and therefore offers the best efficacy/safety ratio when initiating treatment with intranasal estradiol.
Collapse
|
125
|
Rayane D, Compagnon I, Antoine R, Broyer M, Dugourd P, Labastie P, L’Hermite JM, Le Padellec A, Durand G, Calvo F, Spiegelman F, Allouche AR. Electric dipole moments and polarizabilities of single excess electron sodium fluoride clusters: Experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1480595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
126
|
Buch A, Stambouli M, Pareau D, Durand G. SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF NICKEL(II) BY MIXTURE OF 2-ETHYLHEXANAL OXIME ANDBIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHORIC ACID. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/sei-100108824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
127
|
Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Le Bizec C, Durand G, Seta N. The T911C (F304S) substitution in the human ALG6 gene is a common polymorphism and not a causal mutation of CDG-Ic. J Hum Genet 2002; 46:547-8. [PMID: 11558905 DOI: 10.1007/s100380170038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A T911C (F304S) substitution in the ALG6 gene involved in congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ic (OMIM 603147) has been described. However, whether the F304S substitution is a common polymorphism or a causal mutation remains unclear. We screened for the T911C substitution in the ALG6 gene in 54 unrelated healthy French individuals. We developed a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay with a mutagenic primer introducing a diagnostic DdeI restriction site. We found 23 heterozygotes (42.6%) and 3 homozygous individuals (5.5%). This result indicates that T911C is a common polymorphism with an allele frequency of 27% in a French population and not a causal mutation of congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ic.
Collapse
|
128
|
Vernhet H, Bousquet C, Durand G, Giron J, Senac JP. Reversible amiodarone-induced lung disease: HRCT findings. Eur Radiol 2002; 11:1697-703. [PMID: 11511891 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2000] [Accepted: 12/07/2000] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe thoracic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings of reversible amiodarone-induced lung disease (AILD). The thoracic HRCT of 20 symptomatic patients who were considered as having reversible AILD by the medical staff of our institution were retrospectively reviewed. The patient-selection criteria used were the development of new respiratory symptoms while receiving amiodarone, the exclusion of other respiratory and cardiac diseases, and the decrease of both respiratory symptoms and radiological abnormalities after cessation of amiodarone and corticotherapy. The CT data recorded were those usually sought infiltrative lung diseases. The radiological findings using chest film (n=20) and HRCT (n=4) follow-up was noted. All patients had ground-glass opacities, associated with consolidations (n=4), thin intralobular reticulations (n=5), or both (n=11), with a subpleural (n=18) or central (n=2) location. Eight patients had high-density areas and 13 had pleural thickening (n=13). Bronchial abnormalities included dilation (n=16) and wall thickening (n=19). After therapeutic management, the radiological follow-up showed complete (n=17) or incomplete (n=3) improvement. Ground-glass opacities associated with thin intralobular reticulations and/or subpleural consolidations and bronchial abnormalities are common HRCT findings in reversible AILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Vernhet
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Radiology, Hopital Arnaud de Villneuve, 391, avenue du Doyen Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
129
|
|
130
|
Abstract
More and more reports in recent years have shown that the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constitutes an environmental factor able to act on the central nervous system (CNS) function. We recently demonstrated that the effects of PUFA on behavior can be mediated through effects on the monoaminergic neurotransmission processes. Supporting this proposal, we showed that chronic dietary deficiency in alpha-linolenic acid in rats induces abnormalities in several parameters of the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopaminergic systems. In both systems, the pool of dopamine stored in presynaptic vesicles is strongly decreased. This may be due to a decrease in the number of vesicles. In addition, several other factors of dopaminergic neurotransmission are modified according to the system affected. The mesocortical system seems to be hypofunctional overall [e.g., decreased basal release of dopamine (DA) and reduced levels of dopamine D2 (DAD2) receptors]. In contrast, the mesolimbic system seems to be hyperfunctional overall (e.g., increased basal release of DA and increased levels of DAD2 receptors). These neurochemical changes are in agreement with modifications of behavior already described with this deficiency. The precise mechanisms explaining the effects of PUFA on neurotransmission remain to be clarified. For example, modifications of physical properties of the neuronal membrane, effects on proteins (receptors, transporters) enclosed in the membrane, and effects on gene expression and/or transcription might occur. Whatever the mechanism, it is therefore assumed that interactions exist among PUFA, neurotransmission, and behavior. This might be related to clinical findings. Indeed, deficits in the peripheral amounts of PUFA have been described in subjects suffering from neurological and psychiatric disorders. Involvement of the monoaminergic neurotransmission function has been demonstrated or hypothesized in several of these diseases. It can therefore be proposed that functional links exist among PUFA status, neurotransmission processes, and behavioral disorders in humans. Animal models are tools of choice for the understanding of such links. Improved prevention and complementary treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases can be expected from these studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Chalon
- INSERM U316, Laboratoire Biophysique Médicale et Pharmaceutique, Université François Rabelais, 37200 Tours, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
131
|
Poumès-Ballihaut C, Langelier B, Houlier F, Alessandri JM, Durand G, Latge C, Guesnet P. Comparative bioavailability of dietary alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids in the growing rat. Lipids 2001; 36:793-800. [PMID: 11592729 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-001-0786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Animal and human studies have indicated that developing mammals fed only alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) have lower docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) content in brain and tissue phospholipids when compared with mammals fed 18:3n-3 plus 22:6n-3. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that low bioavailability of dietary 18:3n-3 to be converted to 22:6n-3 could partly explain this difference in fatty acid accretion. For that purpose, we determined the partitioning of dietary 18:3n-3 and 22:6n-3 between total n-3 fatty acid body accumulation, excretion, and disappearance (difference between the intake and the sum of total n-3 fatty acids accumulated and excreted). This was assessed using the quantitative method of whole-body fatty acid balance in growing rats fed the same amount of a 5% fat diet supplying either 18:3n-3 or 22:6n-3 at a level of 0.45% of dietary energy (i.e., 200 mg/100 g diet). We found that 58.9% of the total amount of 18:3n-3 ingested disappeared, 0.4% was excreted in feces, 21.2% accumulated as 18:3n-3 (50% in total fats and 46% in the carcass-skin compartment), and 17.2% accumulated as long-chain derivatives (14% as 22:6n-3 and 3.2% as 20:5n-3 + 22:5n-3). Similar results were obtained from the docosahexaenoate balance (as % of the total amount ingested): disappearance, 64.5%; excretion, 0.5%; total accumulation, 35% with 30.1% as 22:6n-3. Thus, rats fed docosahexaenoate accumulated a twofold higher amount of 22:6n-3, which was mainly deposited in the carcass-skin compartment (68%). Similar proportions of disappearance of dietary 18:3n-3 and 22:6n-3 lead us to speculate that these two n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were beta-oxidized in the same amount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Poumès-Ballihaut
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, CRJ, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
132
|
Vancassel S, Durand G, Barthélémy C, Lejeune B, Martineau J, Guilloteau D, Andrès C, Chalon S. Plasma fatty acid levels in autistic children. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2001; 65:1-7. [PMID: 11487301 DOI: 10.1054/plef.2001.0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid fatty acids are major structural components of neuronal cell membranes, which modulate membrane fluidity and hence function. Evidence from clinical and biochemical sources have indicated changes in the metabolism of fatty acids in several psychiatric disorders. We examined the phospholipid fatty acids in the plasma of a population of autistic subjects compared to mentally retarded controls. Our results showed a marked reduction in the levels of 22: 6n-3 (23%) in the autistic subjects, resulting in significantly lower levels of total (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (20%), without significant reduction in the (n-6) PUFA series, and consequently a significant increase in the (n-6)/(n-3) ratio (25%). These variations are discussed in terms of potential differences in PUFA dietary intake, metabolism, or incorporation into cellular membranes between the two groups of subjects. These results open up interesting perspectives for the investigation of new biological indices in autism. Moreover, this might have new therapeutic implications in terms of child nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Vancassel
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, INRA, domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Abstract
We show that the Golgi complex can directly stimulate microtubule nucleation in vivo and in vitro and thus behaves as a potent microtubule-organizing organelle in interphase cells. With the use of nocodazole wash-out experiments in hepatic cells, we found that the occurrence of noncentrosomal, early stabilized microtubules is highly correlated with the subcellular localization of Golgi membranes. With the use of in vitro reconstituted microtubule assembly systems with or without cytosol, we also found that, in contrast to centrosomally attached microtubules, the distal ends of Golgi-attached microtubules are remotely stabilized in a way that requires additional cytosolic component(s). Finally, we demonstrate that Golgi-based microtubule nucleation is direct and involves a subset of gamma-tubulin bound to the cytoplasmic face of the organelle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Chabin-Brion
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, EA 1595, Faculté de Pharmacie, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
134
|
Desjobert H, Durand G, Chérubin N, Le Moël G. [Quality control of capillary blood measurements in clinical services: follow up by the biologist]. Diabetes Metab 2001; 27:177-81. [PMID: 11353886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, the study of capillary glucose analyzers in the aim of uniformizing the selection of glucose meters, has shown the relevance of a standardized handling in order to obtain clinically interpretable results. It has been necessary to implement a quality follow up by the biologist. In the first stage, the biochemistry laboratory, with the clinical service supervisor and the supplier, has assured the training of the medical staff habilitated to use the meters and to carry out a quality control. In the second stage, the biologist implemented a monthly control on a total blood control sample, the stability of which has been checked after the necessary addition of glucose. Dosing of that sample, which is used as an external control, is carried out in parallel by the QID Precision glucose analyzer (Abbott) and by the portable Hemocue B Glucose (Vermed), which is selected as a comparison standard. This allows a monthly control of the accuracy of the meter. The condition of the equipment, as well as the weekly control follow up, validated by the nurse, is registered on a sheet prepared by the biologist. In partnership with Vermed, we have developed a processing software of the data stored in the Hemocue, allowing the automatic issue of a report summarizing the equipment condition and the data of weekly and monthly controls follow up. This report, signed by the biologist, is sent to every Service Manager and Supervising Nurse. On the basis of our one year experience, this practice has generated an efficient collaboration between the clinical services and the biochemistry laboratory, allowing to keep the quality of the capillary glucose measurements performed in inpatients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Desjobert
- Laboratoire Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 47, rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
135
|
Durand G, Hubert MF, Kuno H, Cook WO, Stabinski LG, Darbes J, Virat M. Spontaneous polar anterior subcapsular lenticular opacity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Comp Med 2001; 51:176-9. [PMID: 11922183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A spontaneous focal polar anterior subcapsular lenticular opacity characterized by focal epithelial proliferation was found in Charles River Sprague-Dawley rats from various breeding facilities around the world (France, Japan, and the United States). The incidence of this change slightly increased with age up to a maximal incidence of 9.8% in 28- to 35-week-old male rats (French source). Over that period, there was little change in the size of the opacity; however some rats that were examined over longer periods (more than 2 years of age) developed secondary anterior cortical changes, and rarely, histologic findings of pigmentation and/or mineralization. The lenticular change was present throughout the life of the animals and had no sex predilection; mode of inheritance was not investigated. Due to its small size, this lens opacity is more easily identified by use of slit lamp biomicroscopy than by use of indirect ophthalmoscopy, and serial sections of the eye aid in locating it for histologic evaluation.
Collapse
|
136
|
Buch A, Pareau D, Stambouli M, Durand G. SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF NICKEL(II) BY 2-ETHYLHEXANAL OXIME FROM VARIOUS AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/sei-100102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
137
|
Di Loreto J, Durand G, Garnier M, Huguenot MF, Moindrot JM. [Outpatient sector, from philosophy to quality]. Soins Psychiatr 2001:42-4. [PMID: 11949402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Di Loreto
- Secteur extra-hospitalier, Centre L. Szondi, CMP, Chenove (21)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Lecharny JB, Khater D, Bronchard R, Philip I, Durand G, Desmonts JM, Dehoux M. Hyperprocalcitonemia in patients with perioperative myocardial infarction after cardiac surgery. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:323-5. [PMID: 11246313 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200102000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and compare procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations after cardiac surgery in uncomplicated patients and in patients with perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI). DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. SETTING One university hospital. PATIENTS Fifty-eight adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In a first step, plasma PCT and C-reactive protein concentrations were measured preoperatively and until 72 hrs postoperatively in ten consecutive patients who underwent uncomplicated cardiac surgery. PCT concentrations increased progressively from the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (0.09 +/- 0.09 ng/mL), peaked at 24 hrs postoperatively (1.14 +/- 1.24 ng/mL), and began to decrease at 48 hrs. C-reactive protein appeared to peak at 48 hrs (from 5.8 +/- 11.7 mg/L preoperatively to 265.1 +/- 103.5 mg/L on the second postoperative day). In a second step, PCT concentrations were measured at day one in 23 patients (PMI group) who presented high postoperative plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations and were compared with PCT concentrations observed in 25 matched uncomplicated patients. All patients were free from infection. PCT in the PMI group was significantly higher than in the control group (27.1 +/- 63.2 vs. 2.0 +/- 2.4 ng/mL, respectively; p =.0053). CONCLUSION Because high plasma concentrations of PCT were found in patients with PMI after cardiac surgery, it may be suggested that, in the early postoperative period, elevated plasma PCT concentrations should be interpreted with caution regarding infection diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Lecharny
- Service d'Anesthésiologie et Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
139
|
|
140
|
Dupre T, Cuer M, Barrot S, Barnier A, Cormier-Daire V, Munnich A, Durand G, Seta N. Congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia with deficient phosphomannomutase activity but normal plasma glycoprotein pattern. Clin Chem 2001; 47:132-4. [PMID: 11148191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Dupre
- Laboratoire de Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat, 75877 Paris Cédex 18, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Dupré T, Barnier A, de Lonlay P, Cormier-Daire V, Durand G, Codogno P, Seta N. Defect in N-glycosylation of proteins is tissue-dependent in congenital disorders of glycosylation Ia. Glycobiology 2000; 10:1277-81. [PMID: 11159919 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/10.12.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biochemical hallmark of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) including type Ia is a defective N-glycosylation of serum glycoproteins. Hypoglycosylated forms of alpha1-antitrypsin have been detected by Western blot in serum from CDG Ia patients. In contrast we were not able to detect hypoglycosylation in alpha1-antitrypsin synthesized by fibroblasts, keratinocytes, enterocytes, and leukocytes. Similarly no hypoglycosylation was detectable in a membrane-associated N-linked glycoprotein, the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT-1 and also in serum immunoglobulin G isolated from sera of CDG Ia patients. We conclude that the phenotypic expression of CDG Ia is tissue-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Dupré
- Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat, 75877 Paris cedex 18, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
142
|
Cormier-Daire V, Amiel J, Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Tan J, Durand G, Munnich A, Le Merrer M, Seta N. Congenital disorders of glycosylation IIa cause growth retardation, mental retardation, and facial dysmorphism. J Med Genet 2000; 37:875-7. [PMID: 11228641 PMCID: PMC1734478 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.37.11.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
143
|
Favrelère S, Stadelmann-Ingrand S, Huguet F, De Javel D, Piriou A, Tallineau C, Durand G. Age-related changes in ethanolamine glycerophospholipid fatty acid levels in rat frontal cortex and hippocampus. Neurobiol Aging 2000; 21:653-60. [PMID: 11016534 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(00)00170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and biochemical alterations are associated with a progressive age-related cognitive deficit. Plasmenylethanolamine, the major brain plasmalogen, may be modified during aging because of a possible antioxidant role and involvement in synaptic transmission. Two- and 18-month-old rats were used to study the effect of aging on the levels and acyl composition of plasmenylethanolamine (PmE), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylserine (PS) in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Aging only reduced significantly the PE levels in the frontal cortex. In 18-month-old rats, the fatty acid composition of the three phospholipid classes studied showed an increase of monounsaturated fatty acid (18:1 n-9 and 20:1 n-9) and a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs), essentially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA was markedly decreased in hippocampus PE. DHA, but also arachidonic acid, were considerably lower in frontal cortex PmE. PS modifications were similar in both regions. Hippocampus and frontal cortex underwent specific age-induced modifications in PmE and PE acyl composition. This could produce different effects on the functional ability of these two structures involved in the processes of specific memorization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Favrelère
- EA 1223 CEReX, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Poitiers, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Hetet G, Barnier A, Dupré T, Cuer M, de Lonlay P, Cormier-Daire V, Durand G, Grandchamp B, Seta N. Identification of four novel PMM2 mutations in congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) Ia French patients. J Med Genet 2000; 37:579-80. [PMID: 10922383 PMCID: PMC1734666 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.37.8.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We screened 11 unrelated French patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) Ia for PMM2 mutations. Twenty one missense mutations on the 22 chromosomes (95%) including four novel mutations were identified: C9Y (G26A) in exon 1, L32R (TA95GC) in exon 2, and T226S (C677G) and C241S (G722C) in exon 8. We studied the PMM activity of these four novel mutant proteins and of the R141H mutant protein in an E coli expression system. The T226S, C9Y, L32R, and C241S mutant proteins have decreased specific activity (23 to 41% of normal), are all more or less thermolabile, and R141H has no detectable activity. Our results indicate that the new mutations identified here are less severe than the inactive R141H mutant protein, conferring residual PMM activity compatible with life.
Collapse
|
145
|
Riou F, Piette C, Evrard MY, Durand G, Bohec C. [Breast cancer screening and medical consumption]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2000; 48:333-40. [PMID: 11011300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of general health services by women targeted by breast cancer screening campaigns, and its variations, are poorly known. A survey has been undertaken during one of these campaigns in a britton department. This study aimed at pointing out possible differences in use of general health services: search for an overuse by women whose screening resulted positive/negative, in relation to women whose screening resulted full negative; search for an overuse by women having participated, in relation to women within the age range of the screening campaign and not having wished to participate. METHODS Three groups of women, aged 50 to 69 years, free of breast cancer, were compared. A random sample was drawn in each group, weighing for age in group D0. Inclusion of cases was undertaken between January 1995 (beginning of the screening campaign) and June 1996. Use of health services was recorded during the six months following the first screening test, using the health insurance services data. Expenses related to inpatient care were not recorded. RESULTS The structure of age of the three groups was comparable. The proportion of women having requested no reimbursement was identical between the groups D+ and D-. For the D+ group, the average cost was 4,246 Francs per woman. It dropped to 3,871 Francs after deduction of expenses related to additional medical examinations following the finding of a positive screening test. It was 5% higher than the average cost in the D- group (3,698 Francs). The cost varied a great deal within each group and the differences observed between the groups were not statistically significant The proportion of women of the D0 group not having requested any reimbursement was significantly lower than those of the groups D- and D+, overall, and for the majority of the categories of expenditure. CONCLUSION The result of the screening does not induce significant variation of use of general health services, apart from the expenses induced by the invalidation of the positive result. The group of women not having participated in screening includes a stronger proportion of both low and higher health services users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Riou
- Département de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, 2, avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, CS 34317, 35043 RENNES Cedex
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
146
|
Cognault S, Jourdan ML, Germain E, Pitavy R, Morel E, Durand G, Bougnoux P, Lhuillery C. Effect of an alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet on rat mammary tumor growth depends on the dietary oxidative status. Nutr Cancer 2000; 36:33-41. [PMID: 10798214 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc3601_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether the oxidative status of an 18:3(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet could modulate the growth of chemically induced rat mammary tumors, three independent experiments were performed. Experiments I and II examined the variation of tumor growth by addition of antioxidant (vitamin E) or a prooxidant system (sodium ascorbate/2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) to a 15% linseed oil diet rich in 18:3(n-3). Experiment III addressed the role of PUFA in the tumor growth modulation by vitamin E. For this purpose, we compared the effect of vitamin E in 15% fat diets containing a high level of 18:3(n-3) (linseed oil, high-PUFA diet) or devoid of 18:3(n-3) (hydrogenated palm/sunflower oil, low-PUFA diet). In Experiments I-III, tumor growth increased in the presence of vitamin E compared with control (without vitamin E). Furthermore, it decreased when prooxidant was added. In contrast, no difference was observed when the diet was low in PUFA, suggesting that sensitivity of PUFA to peroxidation may interfere with tumor growth. This observation was supported by growth kinetic parameter analysis, which indicated that tumor growth resulted from variations in cell loss but not from changes in cell proliferation. These data show that, in vivo, PUFA effects on tumor growth are highly dependent on diet oxidative status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cognault
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
147
|
Durand G, Seta N. Protein glycosylation and diseases: blood and urinary oligosaccharides as markers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. Clin Chem 2000; 46:795-805. [PMID: 10839767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N- and O-oligosaccharide variants on glycoproteins (glycoforms) can lead to alterations in protein activity or function that may manifest themselves as overt disease. APPROACH This review summarizes those diseases that are known to be the result of an inherited or acquired glycoprotein oligosaccharide structural alteration and that are diagnosed in blood or urine by chemical characterization of that oligosaccharide alteration. CONTENT The biochemical synthesis steps and catabolic pathways important in determining glycoprotein function are outlined with emphasis on alterations that lead to modified function. Clinical and biochemical aspects of the diagnosis are described for inherited diseases such as I-cell disease, congenital disorders of glycosylation, leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II, hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity with a positive acidified serum test, and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. We also review the laboratory use of measurements of glycoforms related to acquired diseases such as alcoholism and cancer. CONCLUSIONS Identification of glycoprotein glycoforms is becoming an increasingly important laboratory contribution to the diagnosis and management of human diseases as more diseases are found to result from glycan structural alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Durand
- Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Goustard-Langelier B, Alessandri JM, Raguenez G, Durand G, Courtois Y. Phospholipid incorporation and metabolic conversion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the Y79 retinoblastoma cell line. J Neurosci Res 2000; 60:678-85. [PMID: 10820439 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(20000601)60:5<678::aid-jnr13>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic conversion of n-3 fatty acids was studied in the human Y79 retinoblastoma cell line. Cultured cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of either 18:3n-3, 22:5n-3, or 22:6n-3, and their phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed after 72 hr. Cells internalized the supplemental fatty acids and proceeded to their metabolic conversion. Supplemental 22:6n-3 was directly esterified into cell phospholipids, at levels typical for normal neural retinas (41% by weight of phosphatidylethanolamine fatty acids, and 24% of phosphatidylcholine fatty acids). In contrast, 18:3n-3 was mainly converted to 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3, both of which appeared in cell phospholipids after exposure to low external concentrations of 18:3n-3 (10 microg/ml). Y79 cells can proceed to the metabolic conversion of 18:3n-3 through elongation and Delta6- and Delta5-desaturation. When cells were exposed to high external concentrations of 18:3n-3 (30 microg/ml), the supplemental fatty acid was directly incorporated, and its relative content increased in both phospholipid classes to the detriment of all other n-3 fatty acids. Cells cultured in the presence of 22:5n-3 did not incorporate 22:6n-3 into their phospholipids but did incorporate 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3. The data suggest that Y79 cells can proceed to the microsomal steps of n-3 metabolism, involving elongation, desaturation, and chain shortening of 22C fatty acids. Although Y79 cells avidly used supplemental 22:6n-3 for phospholipid incorporation at levels typical for normal photoreceptor cells, they failed to match such levels through metabolic conversion of n-3 parent fatty acids. The terminal step of the very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis, consisting in Delta6-desaturation followed by peroxisomal chain shortening of 24C-fatty acids, could be rate-limiting in Y79 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Goustard-Langelier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
149
|
Dehoux MS, Hernot S, Asehnoune K, Boutten A, Paquin S, Leçon-Malas V, Toueg ML, Desmonts JM, Durand G, Philip I. Cardiopulmonary bypass decreases cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated whole blood cells: roles of interleukin-10 and the extracorporeal circuit. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:1721-7. [PMID: 10890609 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200006000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) alters the ex vivo cytokine production of whole blood cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to assess the roles of interleukin (IL)-10 and an extracorporeal circuit (ECC) in the alteration. DESIGN Prospective, controlled study. SETTING Biochemistry laboratory and surgical intensive care unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS Seventeen consecutive adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery with normothermic CPB and eight healthy volunteers. INTERVENTIONS Blood samples for cytokine measurement were drawn from patients before and during (at 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 mins) CPB and were cultured with and without LPS and with and without anti-IL-10 antibodies. Blood was also drawn from healthy subjects and sampled for cytokine analysis before and during circulation in an isolated ECC. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The concentrations of ex vivo tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were reduced in both experimental settings. In patients on CPB, LPS hyporesponsiveness was detected at 60 mins after the onset of CPB and was maximal at 120 mins (78% to 86% decreases from pre-CPB levels) but was transient, except for TNF-alpha. The plasma concentration of IL-10 peaked at 90 mins after the start of CPB, but the role of IL-10 in LPS hyporesponsiveness appears limited because anti-IL-10 antibodies significantly increased ex vivo production of IL-6 but not TNF-alpha or IL-8. In the isolated ECC study, no IL-10 was detected in plasma, yet the ex vivo production of the cytokines (except IL-8) was decreased (by 66% to 95%). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the following: a) CPB induces an early and transient LPS hyporesponsiveness of whole blood as measured by cytokine production; b) IL-10 seems only partly involved in this process, and its role is restricted to an in vivo situation; and c) contact of blood with an ECC is sufficient to induce LPS hyporesponsiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Dehoux
- Laboratory of Bioch A, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
150
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Vuillaumier-Barrot
- Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877-Paris cedex 18, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|