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Afzal F, Ghaffar A, Jamil H, Abbas G, Tahir R, Ataya FS. Toxicological assessment of bromoxynil and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide in combination on Cirrhinus mrigala using multiple biomarker approach. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172019. [PMID: 38547980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The widespread application of herbicides raises concerns about their impact on non-target aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of a commercially available herbicide formulation containing Bromoxynil+MCPA (2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) on Cirrhinus mrigala (economically significant fish). A total of 210 juvenile fish were subjected to a triplicate experimental setup, with 70 fish allocated to each replicate, exposed to seven different concentrations of herbicide: 0 mg/L, 0.133 mg/L, 0.266 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 0.66 mg/L, and 0.8 mg/L, respectively, for a duration of 96 h. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was determined to be 0.4 mg/L. Significant hematological alterations were observed, including decreases in RBC counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and lymphocyte counts, along with an increase in erythrocyte indices. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated levels of neutrophils, WBCs, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP, and glucose in treated groups. Morphological abnormalities in erythrocytes and histopathological changes in gills, liver, and kidneys were noted. Pathological alterations in gills, liver and kidneys including epithelial cell uplifting, lamellar fusion, hepatolysis, and renal tubule degeneration were observed. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance), ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), and POD (Peroxides) activity increased, while antioxidant enzymatic activities decreased as toxicant doses increased from low to high concentrations. The study reveals that Bromoxynil+MCPA significantly disrupts physiological and hematobiochemical parameters in Cirrhinus mrigala, which highlights the substantial aquatic risks. In conclusion, the herbicide formulation induced significant alterations in various fish biomarkers, emphasizing their pivotal role in assessing the environmental impact of toxicity. This multi-biomarker approach offers valuable insights regarding the toxicological effects, thereby contributing substantially to the comprehensive evaluation of environmental hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fozia Afzal
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Habiba Jamil
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Tahir
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural university, Chengdu, China
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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de Souza AR, Bernardes RC, Barbosa WF, Dos Santos Araújo R, Martins GF, Lima MAP. A mixture of mesotrione and atrazine harms adults and larvae of the predatory wasp Polistes satan. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171526. [PMID: 38458447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Herbicides have been intensively used for weed control, raising concerns about their potentially adverse effects on non-target organisms. Research on the effects of these common agrochemicals on beneficial insects and the ecosystem services they provide (e.g., predation and pollination) is scarce. Therefore, we tested whether a commercial formulation comprising a mixture of mesotrione and atrazine was detrimental to adult females and larvae of the Neotropical predatory social wasp Polistes satan, which is an effective natural enemy of crop pests. Wasps were individually fed syrups contaminated with different concentrations of the herbicide above and below the maximum label rate (MLR = 12 mL/L). Survival was assessed. The locomotor activity, immune response, and midgut morphology of adults as well as the immune response of the larvae were also studied. Herbicide concentrations far above the MLR (12, 40, and 100 times) caused adult mortality, whereas lower concentrations (0.5, 1, and 6 times) did not. Herbicide exposure at 0.5 to 12 times the MLR increased adult activity. Adult exposure at 0.1 or 0.5 times the MLR did not affect melanotic encapsulation of foreign bodies but led to changes in the morphology of the midgut epithelium and peritrophic matrix. In larvae, the ingestion of herbicide at 0.1 or 0.2 times the MLR (corresponding to 9.6 and 19.2 ng of herbicide per individual) did not cause mortality but decreased their melanization-encapsulation response. Increased locomotor activity in herbicide-exposed adults can affect their foraging activity. The altered midgut morphology of adults coupled with the decreased immune response in larvae caused by herbicide exposure at realistic concentrations can increase the susceptibility of wasps to infections. Therefore, herbicides are toxic to predatory wasps.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Rodrigues de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Renan Dos Santos Araújo
- Istituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Pontal do Araguaia, MT, Brazil
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Ojiro R, Ozawa S, Zou X, Tang Q, Woo GH, Shibutani M. Similar toxicity potential of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicide on cerebellar development after maternal exposure in rats. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:3040-3054. [PMID: 38314887 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the effects of glyphosate (GlyP) and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) on cerebellar development are extremely limited. This study examined the effects of maternal exposure to GlyP and GBH on rat cerebellar development in male offspring. From day 6 of gestation until day 21 postpartum at weaning, dams were given GlyP at 1.5% or 3.0% in diet or GBH at 1.0% in drinking water (corresponding to 0.36% GlyP). At weaning, GBH exposure was linked to increased numbers of DCX+ migrating granule cells in the cortex and TUNEL+ apoptotic cells in the internal granular layer (IGL), suggesting the disappearance of mismigrated granule cells via apoptosis. GBH also upregulated Nr4a3 and downregulated Cdk5 in the cerebellar vermis, suggesting a causal relation with the impaired granule cell development at this time. GlyP (3.0%) tended to increase in the number of DCX+ migrating granule cells in the IGL and upregulated Nr4a3 at weaning. Both compounds also upregulated genes related to granule cell migration (Astn1, Astn2, Nfia, and/or Nfix) at weaning and in adulthood, which might be an ameliorative response to delayed granule cell migration. Moreover, GBH induced Purkinje cell misalignment at weaning, which could be the result of delayed granule cell migration. In adulthood, GBH was associated with upregulation of the reelin signaling-related genes Reln, Dab1, and Efnb1, suggesting a compensatory response to Purkinje cell misalignment. GlyP induced the same gene expression changes. These results suggest that GBH reversibly disrupts cerebellar development, primarily by targeting granule cell migration and differentiation, whereas GlyP exhibited similar toxic potential as GBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ozawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xinyu Zou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gye-Hyeong Woo
- Laboratory of Histopathology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Homa J, Stachowiak W, Olejniczak A, Chrzanowski Ł, Niemczak M. Ecotoxicity studies reveal that organic cations in dicamba-derived ionic liquids can pose a greater environmental risk than the herbicide itself. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171062. [PMID: 38401717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The following research provides novel and relevant insights into potential environmental consequences of combination of various organic cations with commercial systemic herbicide (dicamba), in accordance with a 'herbicidal ionic liquids' (HILs) strategy. Toxicity assays of five dicamba-based HILs comprising different hydrophobic and hydrophilic cations, namely choline [CHOL][DIC], ethyl betainate [BETC2][DIC], decyl betainate [BETC10][DIC], hexadecyl betainate [BETC16][DIC] and didecyldimethylammonium [DDA][DIC]), have been tested towards bacteria (Pseudomonas putida, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis), algae (Chlorella vulgaris), fresh and marine water crustaceans (Daphnia magna, Artemia franciscana). The structure of respective substituents in the cation emerged as a decisive determinant of toxicity in the case of tested species. In consequence, small ions of natural origin ([CHOL] and [BETC2]) demonstrated toxicity numerous orders of magnitude lower compared to fully synthetic [DDA]. These results emphasize the role of cations' hydrophobicity, as well as origin, in the observed acute toxic effect. Time-dependent toxicity assays also indicated that betaine-type cations comprising an ester bond can rapidly transform into less harmful substances, which can generally result in a reduction in toxicity by even several orders of magnitude. Nonetheless, these findings challenge the concept of ionic liquids with herbicidal activity and give apparent parallels to adjuvant-dependent toxicity issues recently noted in typical herbicidal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Homa
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
| | - Witold Stachowiak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
| | - Adriana Olejniczak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
| | - Łukasz Chrzanowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland
| | - Michał Niemczak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60-965, Poland.
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Evalen PS, Barnhardt EN, Ryu J, Stahlschmidt ZR. Toxicity of glyphosate to animals: A meta-analytical approach. Environ Pollut 2024; 347:123669. [PMID: 38460584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY)-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most commonly applied pesticide worldwide, and non-target organisms (e.g., animals) are now regularly exposed to GLY and GBHs due to the accumulation of these chemicals in many environments. Although GLY/GBH was previously considered to be non-toxic, growing evidence indicates that GLY/GBH negatively affects some animal taxa. However, there has been no systematic analysis quantifying its toxicity to animals. Therefore, we used a meta-analytical approach to determine whether there is a demonstrable effect of GLY/GBH toxicity across animals. We further addressed whether the effects of GLY/GBH vary due to (1) taxon (invertebrate vs. vertebrate), (2) habitat (aquatic vs. terrestrial), (3) type of biological response (behavior vs. physiology vs. survival), and (4) dosage or concentration of GLY/GBH. Using this approach, we also determined whether adjuvants (e.g., surfactants) in commercial formulations of GBHs increased toxicity for animals relative to exposure to GLY alone. We analyzed 1282 observations from 121 articles. We conclude that GLY is generally sub-lethally toxic for animals, particularly for animals in aquatic or marine habitats, and that toxicity did not exhibit dose-dependency. Yet, our analyses detected evidence for widespread publication bias so we encourage continued experimental investigations to better understand factors influencing GLY/GBH toxicity to animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Evalen
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - J Ryu
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
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Solomonova E, Shoman N, Akimov A, Rylkova O, Meger Y. Application of confocal microscopy and flow cytometry to identify physiological responses of Prorocentrum micans to the herbicide glyphosate. Mar Environ Res 2024; 196:106417. [PMID: 38394976 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The physiological response of the dinoflagellate P. micans to the effect of the herbicide glyphosate at a concentration of 25-200 μg L-1 was evaluated. It has been shown that P. micans is able to grow due to the consumption of dissolved organic phosphorus formed as a result of the mineralization of glyphosate by bacteria. The addition of glyphosate to the medium inhibits the photosynthetic activity of cells; there is a pronounced inhibition of the relative electron transfer rate along the electron transport chain and the maximum quantum efficiency of the use of light energy. Morphological and ultrastructural changes in P. micans cells were evaluated at sublethal (150 μg L-1) and lethal (200 μg L-1) glyphosate concentrations. It has been shown that at a herbicide concentration of 150 μg L-1, the first signs of apoptosis appear in most P. micans cells: a decrease in lateral light scattering, cytoplasmic retraction, partial destruction of cytoplasmic organelles, a change in the morphology of nuclei, mitochondria, a change in the potential of mitochondrial membranes, and a decrease in the autofluorescence of chlorophyll in cells. At a glyphosate concentration of 200 μg L-1, P. micans showed signs of a late stage of apoptosis: violation of the integrity of intracellular organelles and chromatin organization, fragmentation of nuclei, condensation of cytoplasm, disorganization of chloroplasts in the cells, and the release of cell contents beyond the cell membrane. The effectiveness of using flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy methods for identifying signs and stages of cell apoptosis when exposed to glyphosate is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Solomonova
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Nahimov Avе., Sevastopol, Russian Federation.
| | - Natalia Shoman
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Nahimov Avе., Sevastopol, Russian Federation
| | - Arkady Akimov
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Nahimov Avе., Sevastopol, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Rylkova
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Nahimov Avе., Sevastopol, Russian Federation
| | - Yakov Meger
- Sevastopol State University, 299053, Universitetskaya Street, 33, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
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Lintner M, Schagerl M, Lintner B, Wanek W, Goleń J, Tyszka J, Heinz P. Impact of pesticides on marine coral reef foraminifera. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 201:116237. [PMID: 38457881 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Our laboratory study looked into how pesticides affect the foraminifera species Heterostegina depressa and their obligatory algal endosymbionts. We incubated the foraminifera separately with different types of pesticides at varying concentrations (1 %, 0.01 % and 0.0001 %); we included the insecticide Confidor© (active substance: imidacloprid), the fungicide Pronto©Plus (tebuconazole), and the herbicide Roundup© (glyphosate). Our evaluation focused on the symbiont's photosynthetically active area (PA), and the uptake of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and nitrogen (nitrate) to determine the vitality of the foraminifera. Our findings showed that even the lowest doses of the fungicide and herbicide caused irreparable damage to the foraminifera and their symbionts. While the insecticide only deactivated the symbionts (PA = 0) at the highest concentration (1 %), the fungicide, and herbicide caused complete deactivation even at the lowest levels provided (0.0001 %). The fungicide had the strongest toxic effect on the foraminiferal host regarding reduced isotope uptake. In conclusion, all pesticides had a negative impact on the holosymbiont, with the host showing varying degrees of sensitivity towards different types of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lintner
- ING PAN - Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Kraków, Poland; Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schagerl
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bianca Lintner
- ING PAN - Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Kraków, Poland
| | - Wolfgang Wanek
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Goleń
- ING PAN - Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Tyszka
- ING PAN - Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Kraków, Poland
| | - Petra Heinz
- Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Salgado Kiefer YCDS, Ferreira MB, da Luz JZ, Filipak Neto F, Oliveira Ribeiro CAD. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid metabolite (AMPA) modulate the phenotype of murine melanoma B16-F1 cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 107:104429. [PMID: 38527596 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are contaminants run-offs from agricultural areas with a global concern due to their toxicity for non-target organisms. The Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency reported about 63% of the food contain pesticide residues. Glyphosate is a herbicide used worldwide but its toxicity is not a consensus among specialists around the world. AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid) is a glyphosate metabolite that can be more toxic than the parental molecule. Melanoma murine B16-F1 cells were exposed to glyphosate and AMPA to investigate the cell profile and possible induction to a more malignant phenotype. Glyphosate modulated the multi-drug resistance mechanisms by ABCB5 gene expression, decreasing cell attachment, increasing cell migration and inducing extracellular vesicles production, and the cells exposed to AMPA revealed potential damages to DNA. The present study observed that AMPA exhibits high cytotoxicity, which suggests a potential impact on non-tumor cells, which are, in general, more susceptible to chemical exposure. Conversely, glyphosate favored a more metastatic and chemoresistant behavior in cancer cells, highlighting the importance of additional research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvanna Carla de Souza Salgado Kiefer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Marianna Boia Ferreira
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Jessica Zablocki da Luz
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR CEP 81.531-990, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. Postal 19031, Curitiba, PR CEP 81.531-990, Brazil.
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Alehashem M, Peters R, Fajana HO, Eslamizad S, Hogan N, Hecker M, Siciliano SD. Herbicides and pesticides synergistically interact at low concentrations in complex mixtures. Chemosphere 2024; 353:141431. [PMID: 38401859 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Assessing a complex mixture of pesticides at the impacted sites has been challenging for risk assessors for 50 years. The default assumption is that at low concentrations, pesticides interact additively with one another; thus, the risk posed by each component of a complex mixture could be simply added up. The EPA interaction-based hazard index (HIInteraction) modifies this assumption using a binary weight-of-evidence (BINWOE). However, data gaps often preclude HIInteraction use at most sites. This study evaluated these assumptions using the BINWOE to estimate the hazard index (HI) of select pesticide mixtures. The lack of in vivo binary interaction data led us to use a cell line, SH-SY5Y, to obtain the data necessary for the BINWOE approach. In the risk assessment, we considered the most active exposure scenario inhaling a mixture of volatile pesticides from contaminated soil and groundwater. The potential interactions between pesticides in 15 binary mixtures were investigated using the MTT assay in SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings showed that 60% of the binary mixtures elicited synergism (in at least one concentration), 27% displayed antagonism, and 13% showed additive effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Combining human safety data with in vitro interaction data indicated that adults and toddlers were at the highest risk when considering industrial and commercial land use, respectively, compared to other subpopulations. Incorporating interaction data into the risk assessment either increased the risk by up to 20% or decreased the risk by 2%, depending on the mixture. Our results demonstrate the predominant synergistic interactions, even at low concentrations, altered risk characterization at the complex operating site. Most concerning, organochlorine pesticides with the same mechanism of action did not follow dose additivity when evaluated by SH-SY5Y cell lines. Based on our observations, we caution that current HI methods based on additivity assumptions may underestimate the risk of organochlorine mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alehashem
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - R Peters
- Federated Co-operatives Limited, Saskatoon, SK, S7K 0H2, Canada
| | - H O Fajana
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - S Eslamizad
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Hogan
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Animal Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - M Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada
| | - S D Siciliano
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
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Nacano BRM, Convento MB, Oliveira ASD, Castino R, Castino B, Razvickas CV, Bondan E, Borges FT. Effects of glyphosate herbicide ingestion on kidney function in rats on a balanced diet. J Bras Nefrol 2024; 46:e20230043. [PMID: 38039493 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0043en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and in Brazil. There is currently increasing concern about the effects of glyphosate on human health. The Brazilian Institute for Consumer Protection showed data on the presence of glyphosate in some of Brazil's most consumed ultra-processed products. Currently, regulations on the upper limit for these residues in ultra-processed foods have yet to be established by the National Health Surveillance, and ultra-processed food consumption is independently associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease. METHODS Since an unbalanced diet can interfere with kidney function, this study aims to investigate the effect of daily intake of 5 mg/kg bw glyphosate in conjunction with a balanced diet and the possible impact on renal function in rats. Kidney function, kidney weight, markers of renal injury, and oxidative stress were evaluated. RESULTS There was a decrease in kidney weight. The main histopathological alterations in renal tissues were vacuolation in the initial stage and upregulation of the kidney injury marker KIM-1. Renal injury is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. CONCLUSION This study showed changes in the kidney of rats exposed to a balanced diet with glyphosate, suggesting a potential risk to human kidney. Presumably, ultra-processed food that contain glyphosate can potentiate this risk. The relevance of these results lies in drawing attention to the need to regulate glyphosate concentration in ultra-processed foods in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Reis Moreira Nacano
- Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafaela Castino
- Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Castino
- Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Bondan
- Universidade Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Ambiental e Experimental, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Borges
- Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Federal São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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11
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Sun H, He Z, Gao Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Gu A, Xu J, Quan Y, Yang Y. Polyoxyethylene tallow amine and glyphosate exert different developmental toxicities on human pluripotent stem cells-derived heart organoid model. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170675. [PMID: 38316312 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The early stage of heart development is highly susceptible to various environmental factors. While the use of animal models has aided in identifying numerous environmental risk factors, the variability between species and the low throughput limit their translational potential. Recently, a type of self-assembling cardiac structures, known as human heart organoids (hHOs), exhibits a remarkable biological consistency with human heart. However, the feasibility of hHOs for assessing cardiac developmental risk factors remains unexplored. Here, we focused on the cardiac developmental effects of core components of Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), the most widely used herbicides, to evaluate the reliability of hHOs for the prediction of possible cardiogenesis toxicity. GBHs have been proven toxic to cardiac development based on multiple animal models, with the mechanism remaining unknown. We found that polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA), the most common surfactant in GBHs formulations, played a dominant role in GBHs' heart developmental toxicity. Though there were a few differences in transcriptive features, hHOs exposed to sole POEA and combined POEA and Glyphosate would suffer from both disruption of heart contraction and disturbance of commitment in cardiomyocyte isoforms. By contrast, Glyphosate only caused mild epicardial hyperplasia. This study not only sheds light on the toxic mechanism of GBHs, but also serves as a methodological demonstration, showcasing its effectiveness in recognizing and evaluating environmental risk factors, and deciphering toxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhazheng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yanhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yachang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yingyi Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Krenchinski FH, Costa RN, Pereira VGC, Bevilaqua NC, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Velini ED, Carbonari CA. Glyphosate hormesis induced by treatment via seed stimulates the growth and biomass accumulation in soybean seedlings. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170387. [PMID: 38280604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate hormesis, identified as a potential means to enhance crop yields, encounters practical constraints because it is typically assessed through foliar applications. The expression and extend of hormesis in this approach are influenced by unpredictable environmental conditions, highlighting the need to explore alternative glyphosate application methods, such as seed treatment. This study aimed to assess glyphosate hormesis on growth rates and biomass accumulation in seedlings soybean cultivars. Two dose-response experiments [doses from 0 to 2880 g acid equivalent (ae) ha-1], one via foliar and one via seed, were conducted on three soybean cultivars [one non-glyphosate-resistant (NGR) and two glyphosate-resistant (GR, one RR and one RR2)]. In a subsequent experiment, three safe glyphosate doses (0, 90 and 180 g ae ha-1) applied via seed were evaluated on four soybean cultivars (two RR and two RR2). For foliar applications, the range of glyphosate doses increasing growth rates and dry biomass by 12-28 % were 5.6-45 g ae ha-1 for the NGR cultivar, of 45-720 g ae ha-1 for RR and of 11.25-180 g ae ha-1 for RR2. In the seed treatment, biomass increases of 16-60 % occurred at 45-180 g ae ha-1 for the NGR and RR cultivars, and 90-360 g ae ha-1 for RR2. Glyphosate doses of 90 and 180 g ae ha-1, applied via seeds, provided greater growth and biomass accumulation for the RR and RR2 soybean cultivars. Both foliar and seed applications of glyphosate increased growth and biomass accumulation in soybean cultivars, with seed treatments showing greater and more consistent enhancements. These findings propose practical and viable alternative for harnessing glyphosate hormesis to facilitate the early development of soybeans and potentially enhance crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Henrique Krenchinski
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Renato Nunes Costa
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Gabriel Canepelle Pereira
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Natália Cunha Bevilaqua
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Edivaldo D Velini
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Caio A Carbonari
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034 Botucatu, Brazil
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Bodean MF, Regaldo L, Mayora G, Mora C, Giri F, Gervasio S, Popielarz A, Repetti MR, Licursi M. Effects of herbicides and fertilization on biofilms of Pampean lotic systems: A microcosm study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170238. [PMID: 38280601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
We experimentally assessed the impact of the application of herbicides and fertilizers derived from agricultural activity through the individual and simultaneous addition of glyphosate, atrazine, and nutrients (nitrogen 'N' and phosphorus 'P') on the biofilm community and their resilience when the experimental factors were removed. We hypothesize that i) the presence of agrochemicals negatively affects the biofilm community leading to the simplification of the community structure; ii) the individual or simultaneous addition of herbicides and nutrients produces differential responses in the biofilm; and iii) the degree of biofilm recovery differs according to the treatment applied. Environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate (0.7 mgL-1), atrazine (44 μgL-1), phosphorus (1 mg P L-1 [KH2PO4]), and nitrogen (3 mg N L-1[NaNO3]) were used. Chlorophyll a, ash-free dry weight, abundance of main biofilm groups and nutrient contents in biofilm were analyzed. At initial exposure time, all treatments were dominated by Cyanobacteria; through the exposure period, it was observed a progressive replacement by Bacillariophyceae. This replacement occurred on day 3 for the control and was differentially delayed in all herbicides and/or nutrient treatments in which the abundance of cyanobacteria remains significant yet in T5. A significant correlation was observed between the abundance of cyanobacteria and the concentration of atrazine, suggesting that this group is less sensitive than diatoms. The presence of agrochemicals exerted differential effects on the different algal groups. Herbicides contributed to phosphorus and nitrogen inputs. The most frequently observed interactions between experimental factors (nutrients and herbicides) was additivity excepting for species richness (antagonistic effect). In the final recovery time, no significant differences were found between the treatments and the control in most of the evaluated parameters, evincing the resilience of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Bodean
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luciana Regaldo
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC, UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gisela Mayora
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Celeste Mora
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Federico Giri
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC, UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Susana Gervasio
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología (INTEC, CONICET - UNL), Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Popielarz
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología (INTEC, CONICET - UNL), Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Magdalena Licursi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Cesco VJS, Krenchinski FH, Rodrigues DM, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Duke SO, Velini ED, Carbonari CA. Glyphosate hormesis effects on the vegetative and reproductive development of glyphosate-susceptible and -resistant Conyza sumatrensis biotypes. Environ Pollut 2024; 345:123504. [PMID: 38325509 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Low glyphosate doses that produce hormesis may alter the susceptibility to herbicides of weeds or enhance their propagation and dispersal. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hormetic effects of glyphosate on the vegetative, phenological and reproductive development in resistant (R) and susceptible (S) Conyza sumatrensis biotypes. The glyphosate resistance level of biotype R was 11.2-fold compared to the S biotype. Glyphosate doses <11.25 g ae ha-1 induced temporary and permanent hormetic effects for the number of leaves, plant height and dry mass accumulation up to 28 d after application in both R and S biotypes. The S biotype required 15-19% fewer thermal units at 1.4 and 2.8 g ae ha-1 glyphosate than untreated plants to reach the bolting stage. Also, this biotype had less thermal units associated with the appearance (1225 vs 1408 units) and opening (1520 vs 1765 units) of the first capitulum than the R biotype. In addition, glyphosate affected reproductive traits of both biotypes compared to their controls, increasing the number of capitulum's and seeds per plant up to 37 and 41% (at 2.8 and 0.7 g ae h-1, respectively) in the S biotype, and by 48 and 114% (both at 5.6 g ae ha-1) in the R biotype. Depending on environmental parameters, glyphosate may or may not cause hormetic effects on the vegetative and phenological development of C. sumatrenis biotypes; however, this herbicide increases the speed and fecundity of reproduction, regardless of the glyphosate susceptibility level, which can alter the population dynamics and glyphosate susceptibility of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor José Salomão Cesco
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fábio Henrique Krenchinski
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Danilo Morilha Rodrigues
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Edivaldo D Velini
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Caio A Carbonari
- Center for Advanced Research in Weed Science, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, 18610-034, Botucatu, Brazil
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Jeyaseelan A, Murugesan K, Thayanithi S, Palanisamy SB. A review of the impact of herbicides and insecticides on the microbial communities. Environ Res 2024; 245:118020. [PMID: 38151149 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing crop yield to accommodate the ever-increasing world population has become critical, and diminishing arable land has pressured current agricultural practices. Intensive farming methods have been using more pesticides and insecticides (biocides), culminating in soil deposition, negatively impacting the microbiome. Hence, a deeper understanding of the interaction and impact of pesticides and insecticides on microbial communities is required for the scientific community. This review highlights the recent findings concerning the possible impacts of biocides on various soil microorganisms and their diversity. This review's bibliometric analysis emphasised the recent developments' statistics based on the Scopus document search. Pesticides and insecticides are reported to degrade microbes' structure, cellular processes, and distinct biochemical reactions at cellular and biochemical levels. Several biocides disrupt the relationship between plants and their microbial symbionts, hindering beneficial biological activities that are widely discussed. Most microbial target sites of or receptors are biomolecules, and biocides bind with the receptor through a ligand-based mechanism. The biomarker action mechanism in response to biocides relies on activating the receptor site by specific biochemical interactions. The production of electrophilic or nucleophilic species, free radicals, and redox-reactive agents are the significant factors of biocide's metabolic reaction. Most studies considered for the review reported the negative impact of biocides on the soil microbial community; hence, technological development is required regarding eco-friendly pesticide and insecticide, which has less or no impact on the soil microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Jeyaseelan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kamaraj Murugesan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology-Ramapuram, Chennai, 600089, Tamil Nadu, India; Life Science Division, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia.
| | - Saranya Thayanithi
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam Technical Campus, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Babu Palanisamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Xie PP, Zong ZQ, Qiao JC, Li ZY, Hu CY. Exposure to pesticides and risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Pollut 2024; 345:123530. [PMID: 38341063 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a widespread malignancy worldwide, and its relationship with pesticide exposure remains inconclusive. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between pesticide exposure and the risk of colon, rectal, or CRC, focusing on specific pesticide groups. We conducted an extensive literature search for peer-reviewed studies published up to March 31, 2023. Summary risk ratios (RR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using stratified random-effects meta-analyses, taking into account different types of exposure and outcomes, and various exposed populations and pesticide subgroups. This approach aimed to address the substantial heterogeneity observed across the literature. We also assessed heterogeneity and potential small-study effects to ensure the robustness of our findings. From the 50 studies included in this review, 33 contributed to the meta-analysis. Our results indicate a significant association between herbicide exposure and colon cancer in both lifetime-days (LDs) (RR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.01-1.42) and intensity-weighted lifetime-days (IWLDs) (RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.12-1.49) exposure. Similarly, insecticide exposure was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer in IWLDs (RR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.02-1.70) exposure, and rectal cancer in any versus never exposure (RR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.07-1.36), IDs (RR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.30-2.67) and IWLDs (RR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.03-2.83) exposure. While these findings suggest significant associations of herbicide and insecticide exposure with colon and rectal cancer, respectively, further research is needed to explore the impact of other pesticide groups and deepen our understanding of pesticide exposure. These results have important implications for policymakers and regulators, underscoring the need for stricter supervision and regulation of pesticide use to mitigate CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Peng Xie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jian-Chao Qiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhuo-Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Li X, Gao X, Fu B, Lu C, Han H, Zhou Q, Xu H. Study on the toxicity prediction model ofacetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides based on human serum albumin and superoxide dismutase binding information. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 309:123789. [PMID: 38154301 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity significantly influences the successful development of drugs. Based on the toxicity prediction method (carrier protein binding information-toxicity relationship) previously established by the our group, this paper introduces information on the interaction between pesticides and environmental markers (SOD) into the model for the first time, so that the toxicity prediction model can not only predict the toxicity of pesticides to humans and animals, but also predict the toxicity of pesticides to the environment. Firstly, the interaction of acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides (ALS inhibitor herbicides) with human serum albumin (HSA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was investigated systematically from theory combined with experiments by spectroscopy methods and molecular docking, and important fluorescence parameters were obtained. Then, the fluorescence parameters, pesticides acute toxicity LD50 and structural splitting information were used to construct predictive modeling of ALS inhibitor herbicides based on the carrier protein binding information (R2 = 0.977) and the predictive modeling of drug acute toxicity based on carrier protein binding information and conformational relationship (R2 = 0.991), which had effectively predicted pesticides toxicity in humans and animals. To predict potential environmental toxicity, the predictive modeling of drug acute toxicity based on superoxide dismutase binding information was established (R2 = 0.883) by ALS inhibitor herbicides-SOD binding information, which has a good predictive ability in the potential toxicity of pesticides to the environment. This study lays the foundation for developing low toxicity pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfen Li
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiaojie Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - He Han
- Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Hongliang Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Engineering Research Center of Pesticide of Heilongjiang Province, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Abe FR, Dorta DJ, Gravato C, de Oliveira DP. Elucidating the effects of pure glyphosate and a commercial formulation on early life stages of zebrafish using a complete biomarker approach: All-or-nothing! Sci Total Environ 2024; 916:170012. [PMID: 38246377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The search for new methods in the toxicology field has increased the use of early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a versatile organism model. Here, we use early stages of zebrafish to evaluate glyphosate as pure active ingredient and within a commercial formulation in terms of oxidative stress. Biomarkers involved in the oxidative status were evaluated along with other markers of neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, energy balance and motor performance, and the selected tools were evaluated by its sensitivity in determining early-warning events. Zebrafish embryos exposed to glyphosate active ingredient and glyphosate-based formulation were under oxidative stress, but only the commercial formulation delayed the embryogenesis, affected the cholinergic neurotransmission and induced DNA damage. Both altered the motor performance of larvae at very low concentrations, becoming larvae hypoactive. The energy balance was also impaired, as embryos under oxidative stress had lower lipids reserves. Although data suggest that glyphosate-based formulation has higher toxicity than the active ingredient itself, the most sensitive biomarkers detected early-warning effects at very low concentrations of the active ingredient. Biochemical biomarkers of defense system and oxidative damage were the most sensitive tools, detecting pro-oxidant responses at very low concentrations, along with markers of motor performance that showed high sensitivity and high throughput, suitable for detecting early effects linked to neurotoxicity. Alterations on morphology during embryogenesis showed the lowest sensitivity, thus morphological alterations appeared after several alterations at biochemical levels. Tools evaluating DNA damage and cell proliferation showed mid-sensitivity, but low throughput, thus they could be used as complementary markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Renata Abe
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel Junqueira Dorta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Brazil
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Danielle Palma de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Brazil.
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Parven A, Md Meftaul I, Venkateswarlu K, Gopalan S, Megharaj M. Pre-emergence herbicides widely used in urban and farmland soils: fate, and potential human and environmental health risks. Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:132. [PMID: 38483701 PMCID: PMC10940459 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
We determined the distribution, fate, and health hazards of dimethenamid-P, metazachlor, and pyroxasulfone, the effective pre-emergence herbicides widely used both in urban and agricultural settings globally. The rate-determining phase of sorption kinetics of these herbicides in five soils followed a pseudo-second-order model. Freundlich isotherm model indicated that the herbicides primarily partition into heterogeneous surface sites on clay minerals and organic matter (OM) and diffuse into soil micropores. Principal component analysis revealed that soil OM (R2, 0.47), sand (R2, 0.56), and Al oxides (R2, 0.33) positively correlated with the herbicide distribution coefficient (Kd), whereas clay (R2, ‒ 0.43), silt (R2, ‒ 0.51), Fe oxides (R2, ‒ 0.02), alkaline pH (R2, ‒ 0.57), and EC (R2, ‒ 0.03) showed a negative correlation with the Kd values. Decomposed OM rich in C=O and C-H functional groups enhanced herbicide sorption, while undecomposed/partially-decomposed OM facilitated desorption process. Also, the absence of hysteresis (H, 0.27‒0.88) indicated the enhanced propensity of herbicide desorption in soils. Leachability index (LIX, < 0.02-0.64) and groundwater ubiquity score (GUS, 0.02‒3.59) for the soils suggested low to moderate leaching potential of the herbicides to waterbodies, indicating their impact on water quality, nontarget organisms, and food safety. Hazard quotient and hazard index data for human adults and adolescents suggested that exposure to soils contaminated with herbicides via dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation poses minimal to no non-carcinogenic risks. These insights can assist farmers in judicious use of herbicides and help the concerned regulatory authorities in monitoring the safety of human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aney Parven
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Islam Md Meftaul
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, India
| | - Saianand Gopalan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- crcCARE, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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20
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Gao Y, Chen T, Long J, Shen G, Tian Z. Complete chloroplast genome and comparison of herbicides toxicity on Aeschynomene indica (Leguminosae) in upland direct-seeding paddy field. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:277. [PMID: 38486176 PMCID: PMC10938726 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indian jointvetch (Aeschynomene indica) is a common and pernicious weed found in the upland direct-seeding rice fields in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. However, there are few reports on the degree of harm, genetic characteristics, and management methods of this weed. The purpose of this study is to clarify the harm of Indian jointvetch to upland direct-seeding rice, analyze the genetic characteristics of this weed based on chloroplast genomics and identify its related species, and screen herbicides that are effective in managing this weed in upland direct-seeding rice fields. RESULTS In a field investigation in upland direct-seeding rice paddies in Shanghai and Jiangsu, we determined that the plant height and maximum lateral distance of Indian jointvetch reached approximately 134.2 cm and 57.9 cm, respectively. With Indian jointvetch present at a density of 4/m2 and 8/m2, the yield of rice decreased by approximately 50% and 70%, respectively. We further obtained the first assembly of the complete chloroplast (cp.) genome sequence of Indian jointvetch (163,613 bp). There were 161 simple sequence repeats, 166 long repeats, and 83 protein-encoding genes. The phylogenetic tree and inverted repeat region expansion and contraction analysis based on cp. genomes demonstrated that species with closer affinity to A. indica included Glycine soja, Glycine max, and Sesbania cannabina. Moreover, a total of 3281, 3840, and 3838 single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the coding sequence regions of the cp. genomes of S. cannabina voucher IBSC, G. soja, and G. max compared with the A. indica sequence, respectively. A greenhouse pot experiment indicated that two pre-emergence herbicides, saflufenacil and oxyfluorfen, and two post-emergence herbicides, florpyrauxifen-benzyl and penoxsulam, can more effectively manage Indian jointvetch than other common herbicides in paddy fields. The combination of these two types of herbicides is recommended for managing Indian jointvetch throughout the entire growth period of upland direct-seeding rice. CONCLUSIONS This study provides molecular resources for future research focusing on the identification of the infrageneric taxa, phylogenetic resolution, and biodiversity of Leguminosae plants, along with recommendations for reliable management methods to control Indian jointvetch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, Shanghai, China
| | - TianYu Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Long
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Shen
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihui Tian
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Pinheiro PF, da Costa TLM, Corrêa KB, Bastos Soares TC, Parreira LA, Werner ET, de Paula MDSAT, Pereira UA, Praça-Fontes MM. Synthesis and Phytocytogenotoxic Activity of N-Phenyl-2-phenoxyacetamides Derived from Thymol. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:4610-4621. [PMID: 38380437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The excessive use of herbicides has caused a series of problems related to human health, environmental pollution, and an increase in the resistance of plants to commercial herbicides. As an alternative, natural compounds and their semisynthetic derivatives have been widely studied to obtain environmentally friendly and more effective herbicides than the usual ones. In view of these factors, the aim of this work was to synthesize new molecules with herbicidal potential using thymol as a starting material, a natural phenol that has a pronounced phytotoxic effect. Novel N-phenyl-2-thymoxyacetamides were synthesized and characterized by MS and by 1H and 13C NMR. All prepared molecules were subjected to phytotoxic and cytotoxic activity assays using Lactuca sativa L. and Sorghum bicolor L. as model plants. Molecules containing chlorine in the para position of the thymoxy group exhibited phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic effects superior to those of the commercial herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Fontes Pinheiro
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Thais Lazarino Maciel da Costa
- Department of Biology, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Kellen Barelo Corrêa
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Taís Cristina Bastos Soares
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutricion, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Luciana Alves Parreira
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Elias Terra Werner
- Department of Biology, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
| | | | - Ulisses Alves Pereira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Montes Claros Regional Campus, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, CEP 39404-547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Milene Miranda Praça-Fontes
- Department of Biology, Federal University of the Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo Brazil
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22
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Malbezin L, Morin S, Lavoie I. Effects of atrazine and S-metolachlor on stream periphyton taxonomic and fatty acid compositions. Ecotoxicology 2024; 33:190-204. [PMID: 38386230 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Extensive pesticide use for agriculture can diffusely pollute aquatic ecosystems through leaching and runoff events and has the potential to negatively affect non-target organisms. Atrazine and S-metolachlor are two widely used herbicides often detected in high concentrations in rivers that drain nearby agricultural lands. Previous studies focused on concentration-response exposure of algal monospecific cultures, over a short exposure period, with classical descriptors such as cell density, mortality or photosynthetic efficiency as response variables. In this study, we exposed algal biofilms (periphyton) to a concentration gradient of atrazine and S-metolachlor for 14 days. We focused on fatty acid composition as the main concentration-response descriptor, and we also measured chlorophyll a fluorescence. Results showed that atrazine increased cyanobacteria and diatom chlorophyll a fluorescence. Both herbicides caused dissimilarities in fatty acid profiles between control and high exposure concentrations, but S-metolachlor had a stronger effect than atrazine on the observed increase or reduction in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), respectively. Our study demonstrates that two commonly used herbicides, atrazine and S-metolachlor, can negatively affect the taxonomic composition and fatty acid profiles of stream periphyton, thereby altering the nutritional quality of this resource for primary consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Malbezin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Lavoie
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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23
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Santos GD, Rutkoski CF, Folador A, Skovronski VJ, Müller C, Pompermaier A, Hartmann PA, Hartmann M. 2,4-D-based herbicide underdoses cause mortality, malformations, and nuclear abnormalities in Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109840. [PMID: 38218566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Amphibians are considered bioindicators of the environment due to their high sensitivity and involvement in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In the last two decades, 2,4-D has been one of the most widely used herbicides in Brazil and around the world, as its use has been authorized for genetically modified crops and therefore has been detected in surface and groundwater. Against this background, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of 2,4-D-based herbicides on survival, malformations, swimming activity, presence of micronuclei and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities in Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. The amphibians were exposed to six concentrations of 2,4-D-based herbicides: 0.0, 4.0, 30.0, 52.5, 75.0, and 100 μg L-1, for 168 h. At concentrations higher than 52.5 μg L-1, significantly increased mortality was observed from 24 h after exposure. At the highest concentration (100 μg L-1), the occurrence of mouth and intestinal malformations was also observed. The occurrence of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities at concentrations of 30.0, 52.5, 75.0 and 100 μg L-1 and the presence of micronuclei at concentrations of 52.5, 75.0, and 100 μg L-1 were also recorded. These effects of 2,4-D in P. cuvieri indicate that the ecological risk observed at concentrations above 10.35 μg L-1 2,4-D may represent a threat to the health and survival of this species, i.e., exposure to 2,4-D at concentrations already detected in surface waters in the species' range is toxic to P. cuvieri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilcinéia Dos Santos
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Fátima Rutkoski
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Folador
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Vrandrieli Jucieli Skovronski
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Müller
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Pompermaier
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Hartmann
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilia Hartmann
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil.
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24
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Chávez-Reyes J, Gutiérrez-Reyes CD, Hernández-Cuellar E, Marichal-Cancino BA. Neurotoxicity of glyphosate: Focus on molecular mechanisms probably associated with alterations in cognition and behavior. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 106:104381. [PMID: 38311300 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) have been extensively used in agriculture all over the world. Initially, they were considered safe, but rising evidence suggests that these molecules reach the central nervous system producing metabolic, functional, and permanent alterations that impact cognition and behavior. This theoretical and non-systematic review involved searching, integrating, and analyzing preclinical evidence regarding the effects of acute, sub-chronic, and chronic exposure to glyphosate and GBH on cognition, behavior, neural activity, and development in adult and juvenile rodents following perinatal exposition. In addition, this review gathers the mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity of glyphosate mediating cognitive and behavioral alterations. Furthermore, clinical evidence of the effects of exposition to GBH on human health and its possible link with several neurological disorders was revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Chávez-Reyes
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | | | | | - Bruno A Marichal-Cancino
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
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25
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Boughattas I, Vaccari F, Zhang L, Bandini F, Miras-Moreno B, Missawi O, Hattab S, Mkhinini M, Lucini L, Puglisi E, Banni M. Co-exposure to environmental microplastic and the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce distinctive alterations in the metabolome and microbial community structure in the gut of the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Environ Pollut 2024; 344:123213. [PMID: 38158010 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as emergent pollutants and have become a significant environmental concern, especially when combined with other contaminants. In this study, earthworms, specifically Eisenia andrei, were exposed to MPs (at a concentration of 10 μg kg-1 of soil), herbicide 2,4-D (7 mg kg-1 of soil), and a combination of the two for 7 and 14 days. The chemical uptake in the earthworms was measured, and the bacterial and archaeal diversities in both the soil and earthworm gut were analyzed, along with the metabolomic profiles. Additionally, data integration of the two omics approaches was performed to correlate changes in gut microbial diversity and the different metabolites. Our results demonstrated that earthworms ingested MPs and increased 2,4-D accumulation. More importantly, high-throughput sequencing revealed a shift in microbial diversity depending on single or mixture exposition. Metabolomic data demonstrated an important modulation of the metabolites related to oxidative stress, inflammatory system, amino acids synthesis, energy, and nucleic acids metabolism, being more affected in case of co-exposure. Our investigation revealed the potential risks of MPs and 2,4-D herbicide combined exposure to earthworms and soil fertility, thus broadening our understanding of MPs' toxicity and impacts on terrestrial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Agrobiodiversity, Sousse University, Tunisia; Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja, IRESA, Tunisia
| | - Filippo Vaccari
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Francesca Bandini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Omayma Missawi
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Agrobiodiversity, Sousse University, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Hattab
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Agrobiodiversity, Sousse University, Tunisia; Regional Research Centre in Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Agrobiodiversity, Sousse University, Tunisia
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglisi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Agrobiodiversity, Sousse University, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Monastir University, Tunisia
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26
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Huang P, Gao J, Du J, Nie Z, Li Q, Sun Y, Xu G, Cao L. Prometryn exposure disrupts the intestinal health of Eriocheir sinensis: Physiological responses and underlying mechanism. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109820. [PMID: 38145793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Most toxicity studies of prometryn in non-target aquatic animals have focused on hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, embryonic developmental and growth toxicity, while studies on the molecular mechanisms of intestinal toxicity of prometryn are still unknown. In the current study, the intestinal tissues of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were used to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of stress by 96-h acute in vivo exposure to prometryn. The results showed that prometryn activated the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and up-regulated the expression of downstream antioxidant genes. Prometryn induced the expression of genes associated with non-specific immunity and autophagy, and induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway. Interestingly, the significant up-or down-regulation of the above genes mainly occurred at 12 h- 24 h after exposure. Intestinal flora sequencing revealed that prometryn disrupted the intestinal normal barrier function mainly by reducing beneficial bacteria abundance, which further weakened the intestinal resistance to exogenous toxicants and caused an inflammatory response. Correlation analyses found that differential flora at the genus level had potential associations with gut stress-related genes. In conclusion, our study contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the intestinal stress caused by herbicides on aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Liping Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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27
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Thanomsit C, Khanchanasal P, Prasatkaew W, Nanuam J, Meemon P, Wattanakornsiri A, Nanthanawat P. Adverse effects of 2,4-D dimethylammonium based-herbicide on Acetylcholinesterase expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 106:104383. [PMID: 38320722 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the evaluation of a 2,4-D dimethylammonium based-herbicide impacted on Nile tilapia was done. The effects focus on Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in the brain, gill, muscle, and plasma using antibody techniques. Our findings revealed a decrease in AChE expression with prolonged exposure. For these, AChE was purified using hydroxyapatite column chromatography. Moreover, the isolated protein was characterized as AChE by Polyclonal Ab specific to AChE through the Western blot. For interpretation at the cellular and molecular level, we employed two analytical techniques, histology, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Alterations in the gill, liver, and muscle were observed to increase with increased exposure time. Field study concludes that AChE could serve as a biomarker to detect herbicide contamination in water and its accumulation in aquatic animals. This study may aid in surveillance and strategy formulation for managing contamination from such substances in various water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Thanomsit
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Prang Khanchanasal
- Agricultural and Technology Program, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Prasatkaew
- Department of Environmental management, Faculty of Science and Technology, Dhonburi Rajabhat University, Samutprakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Jakkaphun Nanuam
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Panomsak Meemon
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; Center of Excellent in Advanced Functional Material, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Amnuay Wattanakornsiri
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology,Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Phochit Nanthanawat
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.
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28
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Sánchez-Yépez J, Acevedo-Huergo T, Mendoza-Trejo MS, Corona R, Hernández-Plata I, Viñuela-Berni V, Giordano M, Rodríguez VM. Early and transitory hypoactivity and olfactory alterations after chronic atrazine exposure in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:68-81. [PMID: 38340903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that chronic exposure to the herbicide atrazine (ATR) causes alterations in locomotor activity and markers of the dopaminergic systems of male rats. However, few studies have evaluated the sex-dependent effects of atrazine exposure. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether chronic ATR exposure causes alterations in behavioral performance and dopaminergic systems of female rats. At weaning, two groups of rats were exposed to 1 or 10 mg ATR/kg body weight daily thorough the food, while the control group received food without ATR for 14 months. Spontaneous locomotor activity was evaluated monthly for 12 months, while anxiety, egocentric and spatial memory, motor coordination, and olfactory function tasks were evaluated between 13 and 14 months of ATR exposure. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and monoamine content in brain tissue were assessed at the end of ATR treatment. Female rats treated with 1 or 10 mg ATR showed vertical hypoactivity compared to the control group only in the first month of ATR exposure. Impairments in olfactory functions were found due to ATR exposure. Nevertheless, no alterations in anxiety, spatial and egocentric memory, or motor coordination tasks were observed, while the levels of TH and dopamine and its metabolites in brain tissue were similar among groups. These results suggest that female rats could present greater sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of ATR on spontaneous locomotor activity in the early stages of development. However, they are unaffected by chronic ATR exposure later in life compared to male rats. More studies are necessary to unravel the sex-related differences observed after chronic ATR exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Sánchez-Yépez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Triana Acevedo-Huergo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Maria Soledad Mendoza-Trejo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Corona
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Isela Hernández-Plata
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Verónica Viñuela-Berni
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Magda Giordano
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Verónica M Rodríguez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Narayanan M, Devarayan K, Verma M, Selvaraj M, Ghramh HA, Kandasamy S. Assessing the ecological impact of pesticides/herbicides on algal communities: A comprehensive review. Aquat Toxicol 2024; 268:106851. [PMID: 38325057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The escalating use of pesticides in agriculture for enhanced crop productivity threatens aquatic ecosystems, jeopardizing environmental integrity and human well-being. Pesticides infiltrate water bodies through runoff, chemical spills, and leachate, adversely affecting algae, vital primary producers in marine ecosystems. The repercussions cascade through higher trophic levels, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between pesticides, algae, and the broader ecosystem. Algae, susceptible to pesticides via spillage, runoff, and drift, experience disruptions in community structure and function, with certain species metabolizing and bioaccumulating these contaminants. The toxicological mechanisms vary based on the specific pesticide and algal species involved, particularly evident in herbicides' interference with photosynthetic activity in algae. Despite advancements, gaps persist in comprehending the precise toxic effects and mechanisms affecting algae and non-target species. This review consolidates information on the exposure and toxicity of diverse pesticides and herbicides to aquatic algae, elucidating underlying mechanisms. An emphasis is placed on the complex interactions between pesticides/herbicides, nutrient content, and their toxic effects on algae and microbial species. The variability in the harmful impact of a single pesticide across different algae species underscores the necessity for further research. A holistic approach considering these interactions is imperative to enhance predictions of pesticide effects in marine ecosystems. Continued research in this realm is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the repercussions of pesticides and herbicides on aquatic ecosystems, mainly algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Center for Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kesavan Devarayan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Fisheries Engineering, Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Vettar River View Campus, Nagapattinam 611 002, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, India.
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Nunes Torres JA, de Lima DCA, Moraes VGDS, de Oliveira Cardoso MV, de Araújo Ribeiro LA, Silva FS, de Queiroz DB. Maternal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide causes vascular dysfunction in offspring female rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116873. [PMID: 38417591 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed how glyphosate exposure in the gestational period affects vascular function in their female offspring and whether oxidative stress is involved in this effect. To this, pregnant Wistar rats were exposed through drinking water to 0.2% of a glyphosate commercial formulation, and we analyzed the response to acetylcholine and phenylephrine in the aorta from offspring of Glyphosate-based herbicide (O-GBH) and controls (O-CON) rats at six months of age. Relaxation to acetylcholine was reduced in O-GBH than in O-CON. Acute Indomethacin and Apocynin increased relaxation to acetylcholine in O-GBH. The aorta from O-GBH was hyperactive to phenylephrine; the preincubation with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased contraction to phenylephrine more in O-CON than O-GBH. TEMPOL similarly reduced phenylephrine response, and L-NAME prevented this effect. The TBARS and GSH levels were increased in O-GBH than in O-CON. Results reinforce the concept that oxidative stress during the perinatal period contributes to the development of vascular changes in adulthood. Results also reveal that oxidative stress parameters altered, and the current levels considered safe for exposure to Glyphosate deserve further investigation, especially in the female gender.
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Durante LDS, Hollmann G, Nazari EM. Impact of exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide on morphological and physiological parameters in embryonic and larval development of zebrafish. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:1822-1835. [PMID: 38083805 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) have been commonly used in agriculture to inhibit weed growth and increase yields. However, due to the high solubility of these herbicides in water, they can reach aquatic environments, by infiltration, erosion, and/or lixiviation, affecting non target organisms. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the toxicity of GBH Roundup WG® (RWG®) during the embryonic and larval development of Danio rerio. Embryos (3 hours post fertilization, hpf-until hatching) and larvae (3 days post fertilization, dpf to 6 dpf) were exposed to concentrations of 0.065 and 6.5 mg L-1 . They were evaluated for survival, hatching, spontaneous movements, heartbeat, morphology, and morphometry by in vivo photographs in microscope, cell proliferation and apoptosis by immunohistochemistry, and exploratory behavior and phototropism by video recording. Our results showed an increase in embryo and larvae mortality in those exposed to 0.065 mg L-1 , as well as a reduction in spontaneous embryo movements. The larval heartbeats showed a decrease at 4 dpf in the group exposed to 0.065 mg L-1 and an increase at 5 and 6 dpf in both exposed groups. Cell proliferation was reduced in both groups exposed in embryos and only in the 0.065 mg L-1 group in larvae, while cell death increased in embryos exposed to 6.5 mg L-1 . These results demonstrated the toxic effect of low concentrations of the herbicide RWG® during embryonic and larval development of non target organisms, as well as the importance of constantly reviewing acceptable limits for exposure in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laíse da Silva Durante
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Hollmann
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Evelise Maria Nazari
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Zhi-Xiang D, Wan-Li L, Xi-Jie LI, Jia-Li L, Jun Z, Chong-Hui Z, Qi H, Zhe C, Yuan C, Hong-Mu Z, Jun G, Wen-Li T. Glyphosate exposure affected longevity-related pathways and reduced survival in asian honey bees (Apis cerana). Chemosphere 2024; 351:141199. [PMID: 38237785 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, GLY) ranks among the most extensively used and effective herbicides globally. However, excessive GLY utilization poses a substantial threat to the survival of honey bees (Apis cerana). Here we monitored the survival status of A. cerana treated with GLY, and conducted transcriptome sequencing of the bee gut and head to further explore potential GLY influences at the molecular level. We observed that the mortality rate of bees increased as GLY concentration escalated. Pivotal pathways emerged in response to the GLY treatment, with a substantial number of differentially expressed genes enriched in the longevity regulating pathway - multiple species. This strongly suggested that GLY may influence the physiological behavior of bees by impacting this particular pathway. Moreover, our analysis revealed a notable reduction in the enzymatic activities of CYP450 and AChE in both the bee head and intestines of when exposed to GLY. Conversely, the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the head remained unaffected, whereas in the intestines, it exhibited a significant increase. Additionally, prophenol oxidase (PPO) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) displayed contrasting trends in enzymatic activity in both organs. This study offers valuable insights into how GLY impacted the survival of A. cerana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhi-Xiang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Li Wan-Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - L I Xi-Jie
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Li Jia-Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhang Jun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhao Chong-Hui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Huang Qi
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Cao Zhe
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Pujia Life Technology (Fuzhou) Co., LTD, Fuzhou, 350018, China
| | - Zhao Hong-Mu
- Sericulture and Apiculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculutral Sciences, Mengzi, 661101, China.
| | - Guo Jun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Tian Wen-Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Zhao X, Xie Q, Song B, Riaz M, Lal MK, Wang L, Lin X, Huo J. Research on phytotoxicity assessment and photosynthetic characteristics of nicosulfuron residues on Beta vulgaris L. J Environ Manage 2024; 353:120159. [PMID: 38310797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Nicosulfuron is a common herbicide used to control weeds in maize fields. In northeast China, sugar beet is often grown as a subsequent crop after maize, and its frequently suffers from soil nicosulfuron residue damage, but the related toxicity evaluation and photosynthetic physiological mechanisms are not clear. Therefore, we experimented to evaluate the impacts of nicosulfuron residues on beet growth, photochemical properties, and antioxidant defense system. The results showed that when the nicosulfuron residue content reached 0.3 μg kg-1, it inhibited the growth of sugar beet. When it reached 36 μg kg-1 (GR50), the growth stagnated. Compared to the control group, a nicosulfuron residue of 36 μg kg-1 significantly decreased beet plant height (70.93 %), leaf area (91.85 %), dry weights of shoot (70.34 %) and root (32.70 %). It also notably reduced the potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fo) by 12.41 %, the light energy absorption performance index (PIabs) by 46.09 %, and light energy absorption (ABS/CSm) by 6.56 %. It decreased the capture (TRo/CSm) by 9.30 % and transferred energy (ETo/CSm) by 16.13 % per unit leaf cross-section while increasing the energy flux of heat dissipation (DIo/CSm) by 22.85 %. This ultimately impaired the photochemical capabilities of PSI and PSII, leading to a reduction in photosynthetic performance. Furthermore, nicosulfuron increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content while decreasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In conclusion, this research clarified the toxicity risk level, lethal dose, and harm mechanism of the herbicide nicosulfuron residue. It provides a theoretical foundation for the rational use of herbicides in agricultural production and sugar beet planting management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Qing Xie
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Baiquan Song
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Longfeng Wang
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiaochen Lin
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jialu Huo
- National Sugar Crops Improvement Center & Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center Heilongjiang Province & Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
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Yang L, He X, Ru S, Zhang Y. Herbicide leakage into seawater impacts primary productivity and zooplankton globally. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1783. [PMID: 38413588 PMCID: PMC10899588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Predicting the magnitude of herbicide impacts on marine primary productivity remains challenging because the extent of worldwide herbicide pollution in coastal waters and the concentration-response relationships of phytoplankton communities to multiple herbicides are unclear. By analyzing the spatiotemporal distribution of herbicides at 661 bay and gulf stations worldwide from 1990 to 2022, we determined median, third quartile and maximum concentrations of 12 triazine herbicides of 0.18 nmol L-1, 1.27 nmol L-1 and 29.50 nmol L-1 (95%Confidence Interval: CI 1.06, 1.47), respectively. Under current herbicide stress, phytoplankton primary productivity was inhibited by more than 5% at 25% of the sites and by more than 10% at 10% of the sites (95%CI 3.67, 4.34), due to the inhibition of highly abundant sensitive species, community structure/particle size succession (from Bacillariophyta to Dinophyceae and from nano-phytoplankton to micro-phytoplankton), and resulting growth rate reduction. Concurrently, due to food chain cascade effects, the dominant micro-zooplankton population shifted from larger copepod larvae to smaller unicellular ciliates, which might prolong the transmission process in marine food chain and reduce the primary productivity transmission efficiency. As herbicide application rates on farmlands worldwide are correlated with residues in their adjacent seas, a continued future increase in herbicide input may seriously affect the stability of coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China
| | - Xiaotong He
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yongyu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
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Fathi MA, Shen D, Luo L, Li Y, Elnesr SS, Li C. The exposure in ovo to glyphosate on the integrity of intestinal epithelial tight junctions of chicks. J Environ Sci Health B 2024; 59:183-191. [PMID: 38400726 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2319006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate is an ingredient widely used in various commercial formulations, including Roundup®. This study focused on tight junctions and the expression of inflammatory genes in the small intestine of chicks. On the sixth day of embryonic development, the eggs were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group (CON, n = 60), the glyphosate group (GLYP, n = 60), which received 10 mg of active glyphosate/kg egg mass, and the Roundup®-based glyphosate group also received 10 mg of glyphosate. The results indicated that the chicks exposed to glyphosate or Roundup® exhibited signs of oxidative stress. Additionally, histopathological alterations in the small intestine tissues included villi fusion, complete fusion of some intestinal villi, a reduced number of goblet cells, and necrosis of some submucosal epithelial cells in chicks. Genes related to the small intestine (ZO-1, ZO-2, Claudin-1, Claudin-3, JAM2, and Occludin), as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-1β, and IL-6), exhibited significant changes in the groups exposed to glyphosate or Roundup® compared to the control group. In conclusion, the toxicity of pure glyphosate or Roundup® likely disrupts the small intestine of chicks by modulating the expression of genes associated with tight junctions in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Fathi
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Gastrointestinal Genomes Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dan Shen
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Gastrointestinal Genomes Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lu Luo
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Gastrointestinal Genomes Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yansen Li
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Gastrointestinal Genomes Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Chunmei Li
- Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Gastrointestinal Genomes Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Babich R, Merutka I, Craig E, Harichandara A, De Silva PMCS, Gunasekara TDKSC, Jayasundara N. Transcriptomic and behavioral analyses reveal unique target tissues and molecular pathways associated with embryonic exposure to low level glyphosate and metal mixtures in zebrafish. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169271. [PMID: 38114029 PMCID: PMC10964846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of developmental molecular events following exposure to environmentally relevant agrochemical mixtures is critical to predicting their potential long-term ecological and human health risks. Here, we sought to uncover transcriptomic changes during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonic development following exposure to glyphosate and co-exposure to metals. Glyphosate is widely used globally with an allowable drinking water limit of 700 ppb. We examined effects of glyphosate (10 ppb) alone and when co-exposed to a metal mixture containing low levels of arsenic (4 ppb), lead (5 ppb), cadmium (2 ppb), and vanadium (15 ppb). This mixture was derived based on behavioral and morphological toxicity findings and environmentally relevant concentrations found in agricultural regions where glyphosate and metals are ubiquitously present. Gene expression patterns coupled to a single-cell transcriptomic dataset revealed that developmental exposure (28-72 h post fertilization) to glyphosate dysregulates expression of developmental genes specific to the central nervous system. Subsequent studies indicated significant suppression of larval zebrafish movement with 10 ppb glyphosate exposure. Studies with glyphosate + metals mixture and metals mixture alone showed unique developmental transcriptomic patterns and behavioral changes compared to glyphosate exposure alone. However, some outcomes (e.g., changes in expression of genes involved in epigenetic regulation and extracellular matrix patterning) were common across all three exposures compared to the control. Notably, glyphosate + metals co-exposure distinctly suppresses lysosomal transcripts and targets renal developmental genes. While further studies are required to uncover the precise nature of the interactions between glyphosate and metals, our study shows that glyphosate at very low levels is a behavioral and neurotoxicant that changes when metals are present. Given this herbicide affects distinctive physiological processes, including renal development and lysosomal dysregulation when co-exposed with metals, we conclude that environmental cation levels should be considered in glyphosate toxicity and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Babich
- University of Maine, Orono, ME 14069, United States of America.
| | - Ilaria Merutka
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Emily Craig
- University of Maine, Orono, ME 14069, United States of America; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Nishad Jayasundara
- University of Maine, Orono, ME 14069, United States of America; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
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Palberg D, Kaszecki E, Dhanjal C, Kisiała A, Morrison EN, Stock N, Emery RJN. Impact of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on phyllospheric Methylobacterium. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:119. [PMID: 38369476 PMCID: PMC10875822 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Symbiotic Methylobacterium comprise a significant portion of the phyllospheric microbiome, and are known to benefit host plant growth, development, and confer tolerance to stress factors. The near ubiquitous use of the broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate, in farming operations globally has necessitated a more expansive evaluation of the impacts of the agent itself and formulations containing glyphosate on important components of the plant phyllosphere, including Methylobacterium.This study provides an investigation of the sensitivity of 18 strains of Methylobacterium to glyphosate and two commercially available glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH). Nearly all strains of Methylobacterium showed signs of sensitivity to the popular GBH formulations WeatherMax® and Transorb® in a modified Kirby Bauer experiment. However, exposure to pure forms of glyphosate did not show a significant effect on growth for any strain in both the Kirby Bauer test and in liquid broth, until polysorbate-20 (Tween20) was added as a surfactant. Artificially increasing membrane permeability through the introduction of polysorbate-20 caused a 78-84% reduction in bacterial cell biomass relative to controls containing glyphosate or high levels of surfactant only (0-9% and 6-37% reduction respectively). Concentrations of glyphosate as low as 0.05% w/v (500 µg/L) from both commercial formulations tested, inhibited the culturability of Methylobacterium on fresh nutrient-rich medium.To better understand the compatibility of important phyllospheric bacteria with commercial glyphosate-based herbicides, this study endeavours to characterize sensitivity in multiple strains of Methylobacterium, and explore possible mechanisms by which toxicity may be induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Palberg
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Emma Kaszecki
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Chetan Dhanjal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Anna Kisiała
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Erin N Morrison
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Naomi Stock
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
- Water Quality Centre, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - R J Neil Emery
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada.
- Department of Biology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada.
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Grzymkowski JK, Chiu YC, Jima DD, Wyatt BH, Jayachandran S, Stutts WL, Nascone-Yoder NM. Developmental regulation of cellular metabolism is required for intestinal elongation and rotation. Development 2024; 151:dev202020. [PMID: 38369735 PMCID: PMC10911142 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Malrotation of the intestine is a prevalent birth anomaly, the etiology of which remains poorly understood. Here, we show that late-stage exposure of Xenopus embryos to atrazine, a widely used herbicide that targets electron transport chain (ETC) reactions, elicits intestinal malrotation at high frequency. Interestingly, atrazine specifically inhibits the cellular morphogenetic events required for gut tube elongation, including cell rearrangement, differentiation and proliferation; insufficient gut lengthening consequently reorients the direction of intestine rotation. Transcriptome analyses of atrazine-exposed intestines reveal misexpression of genes associated with glycolysis and oxidative stress, and metabolomics shows that atrazine depletes key glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites. Moreover, cellular bioenergetics assays indicate that atrazine blocks a crucial developmental transition from glycolytic ATP production toward oxidative phosphorylation. Atrazine-induced defects are phenocopied by rotenone, a known ETC Complex I inhibitor, accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species, and rescued by antioxidant supplementation, suggesting that malrotation may be at least partly attributable to redox imbalance. These studies reveal roles for metabolism in gut morphogenesis and implicate defective gut tube elongation and/or metabolic perturbations in the etiology of intestinal malrotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K. Grzymkowski
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Yu-Chun Chiu
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Dereje D. Jima
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Brent H. Wyatt
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Sudhish Jayachandran
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Whitney L. Stutts
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Nanette M. Nascone-Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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Mazuryk J, Klepacka K, Kutner W, Sharma PS. Glyphosate: Impact on the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the immune-nervous system, and clinical cases of multiorgan toxicity. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 271:115965. [PMID: 38244513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLP) and GLP-based herbicides (GBHs), such as polyethoxylated tallow amine-based GLP surfactants (GLP-SH), developed in the late 70', have become the most popular and controversial agrochemicals ever produced. Nowadays, GBHs have reached 350 million hectares of crops in over 140 countries, with an annual turnover of 5 billion and 11 billion USD in the U.S.A. and worldwide, respectively. Because of the highly efficient inhibitory activity of GLP targeted to the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase pathway, present in plants and several bacterial strains, the GLP-resistant crop-based genetic agricultural revolution has decreased famine and improved the costs and quality of living in developing countries. However, this progress has come at the cost of the 50-year GBH overuse, leading to environmental pollution, animal intoxication, bacterial resistance, and sustained occupational exposure of the herbicide farm and companies' workers. According to preclinical and clinical studies covered in the present review, poisoning with GLP, GLP-SH, and GBHs devastatingly affects gut microbiota and the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, leading to dysbiosis and gastrointestinal (GI) ailments, as well as immunosuppression and inappropriate immunostimulation, cholinergic neurotransmission dysregulation, neuroendocrinal system disarray, and neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral alterations. Herein, we mainly focus on the contribution of gut microbiota (GM) to neurological impairments, e.g., stroke and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. The current review provides a comprehensive introduction to GLP's microbiological and neurochemical activities, including deviation of the intestinal Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, excitotoxicity, and mind-altering processes. Besides, it summarizes and critically discusses recent preclinical studies and clinical case reports concerning the harmful impacts of GBHs on the GI tract, MGB axis, and nervous system. Finally, an insightful comparison of toxic effects caused by GLP, GBH-SH, and GBHs is presented. To this end, we propose a first-to-date survey of clinical case reports on intoxications with these herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Mazuryk
- Department of Electrode Processes, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; Bio & Soft Matter, Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Katarzyna Klepacka
- Functional Polymers Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; ENSEMBLE(3) sp. z o. o., 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Kutner
- Department of Electrode Processes, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. School of Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piyush Sindhu Sharma
- Functional Polymers Research Team, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Pagano AD, Gonçalves NM, Domingues WB, da Silveira TLR, Kütter MT, Junior ASV, Corcini CD, Nascimento MC, Dos Reis LFV, Costa PG, Bianchini A, Volcan MV, Remião MH, Campos VF. Assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers in the threatened annual killifish Austrolebias charrua exposed to Roundup. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109787. [PMID: 37977240 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the toxic effects of Roundup Transorb® on the endangered Neotropical annual killifish Austrolebias charrua through the assessment of molecular and biochemical biomarkers. The fish were collected in temporary ponds and exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of the herbicide (5 mg.L-1 for 96 h). The production of ROS, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and membrane fluidity were evaluated in the blood cells by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of the antioxidant-related genes sod2, cat, gstα, atp1a1, gclc, and ucp1 across the brain, liver, and gills was quantified. The acute exposure of annual killifish to Roundup significantly increased ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage in their erythrocytes. Likewise, Roundup Transorb® decreased membrane fluidity in the blood cells of the exposed fish. Gene expression analysis revealed that Roundup exposure alters the relative expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. Our results give rise to new insights into adaptive mechanisms of A. charrua in response to Roundup. Since Brazilian annual killifishes strongly risk extinction, this study paves the way for developing novel biotechnologies applied to environmental monitoring and aquatic toxicology assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Duarte Pagano
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Natiéli Machado Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | - Mateus Tavares Kütter
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | | | | | - Mariana Cavalcanti Nascimento
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Luana Ferreira Viana Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | | | - Mariana Härter Remião
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
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Joseph A, Bassey A, Ebari S, Eni G. Hormonal and haematological biomarkers as indicators of stress induced by Diuron herbicide toxicity on Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) sub-adults. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109802. [PMID: 37996049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Diuron is a globally used herbicide for weed control but has anti-androgenic effects on androgens (testosterone and androstenedione), antagonist effects on thyroid hormone signaling, and haematological effects due to their biotransformation in fish. Endocrine-disrupting biomarkers such as thyroid hormones, sex hormones, and haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus sub-adults exposed to sub-lethal diuron concentrations were studied over a 28-day period. C. gariepinus (n = 200) sub-adults were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.00, 0.09, 0.18, 0.26, and 0.35 mg/L) of diuron. Changes in the hormonal and haematological profiles of the exposed fish were concentration and exposure duration-dependent. The thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3), and 17β-estradiol (E2) profiles decreased with an increase in concentration and exposure duration. The haemoglobin, pack cell volume, red blood cell, white blood cell, mean cell volume, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin cell decreased, while the mean corpuscular haemoglobin increased with an increase in concentration and exposure duration. Diuron induced stress and altered the physiological mechanisms of fish, and its application in farmlands should be regulated so as to enable a sustainable aquatic eco-system and fishery resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akaninyene Joseph
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Andem Bassey
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - Sylvanus Ebari
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
| | - George Eni
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
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42
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Schedenffeldt BF, Siqueira BBR, Oliva da Silva R, Monquero PA. Toxicity assessment of commercial herbicide formulations to Eisenia andrei (Bouché, 1972) in oxisols. Chemosphere 2024; 350:141118. [PMID: 38199501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of long-residual herbicides can have adverse effects on terrestrial ecosystems. This study assessed the acute and chronic toxicity and avoidance behavior of Eisenia andrei earthworms exposed to nominal concentrations of clomazone, indaziflam, and sulfentrazone, using recommended commercial formulations for sugarcane cultivation. The formulations included Gamit® 360 CS (360 g L-1 of the active ingredient - a.i. - clomazone), Boral® 500 SC (500 g L-1 of a.i. sulfentrazone), and Alion® (500 g L-1 of a.i. indaziflam). Boral® 500 SC induced avoidance at concentrations as low as 1 mg kg-1, while Gamit® 360 CS and Alion® exhibited higher avoidance at 50-75 mg kg-1 and 75-100 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. Reproduction tests showed significant impacts from Gamit® 360 CS (EC50: 0.572 mg kg-1, EC10: 0.2144 mg kg-1) and Boral® 500 SC (EC50: 0.3941 mg kg-1, EC10: 0.134 mg kg-1). Acute toxicity tests indicated moderate toxicity for Gamit® 360 CS (LC50: 184.12 mg kg-1) and Boral® 500 SC (LC50: 1000 mg kg-1). Gamit® 360 CS reduced biomass at all concentrations, while Boral® 500 SC influenced only at higher levels (500 and 1000 mg kg-1). Results suggest significant acute risks with Gamit® 360 CS, while chronic exposure raises concerns for both Gamit® 360 CS and Boral® 500 SC, indicating potential long-term risks. Alion®'s acute effects were inconclusive, but chronic exposure hints at a possible risk. These findings provide crucial insights for environmental agencies establishing protective limits against herbicide exposure to non-target soil invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferrari Schedenffeldt
- Graduate Program in Agriculture and Environment, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ricci EL, Zaccarelli-Magalhães J, Pantaleon LP, De-Paula LR, Ribeiro GM, Abreu GR, Muñoz JWP, Mendonça M, Fukushima AR, Spinosa HS. Peripubertal exposure of atrazine cause decrease in exploratory activity, deficits in sociability and few alterations on brain monoaminergic systems of rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116819. [PMID: 38215996 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine is a pesticide used to control weeds in both in pre- and post-emergence crops. The chronic exposure to atrazine can lead to severe damage in animals, especially in the endocrine and reproduction systems, leading to the inclusion of this pesticide into the endocrine disrupting chemicals group. Studies with rats showed that atrazine exposure during lactation in dams caused changes in the juvenile offspring, however; there is still limited information regarding the effects of atrazine during puberty. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of peripubertal exposure of atrazine in rats, assessing motor activity, social behavior and neurochemical alterations. Juvenile rats were treated with different doses of atrazine (0, 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg) by gavage from postnatal day 22 to 41. Behavioral tests were conducted for the evaluation of motor activity and social behavior, and neurochemical evaluation was done in order to assess monoamine levels. Atrazine caused behavioral alterations, evidenced by decrease in the exploratory activity (p values variation between 0.05 and 0.0001) and deficits in the social behavior of both male and females as adults (p values variation between 0.01 and 0.0001). As for the monoaminergic neurotransmission, atrazine led to very few alterations on the dopamine and serotonin systems that were limited to the females (p < 0.05). Altogether, the results suggests that peripubertal exposure of atrazine cause behavioral and neurochemical alterations. More studies need to be conducted to fully understand the differences in atrazine's effects and its use should be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther L Ricci
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; Health Science Institute, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Zaccarelli-Magalhães
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lorena P Pantaleon
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R De-Paula
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R Abreu
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana W P Muñoz
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Mendonça
- Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Fukushima
- School of Health Sciences IGESP, Rua da Consolação, 1025, 01301-000 São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário das Américas, Rua Augusta, 1508, 01304-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helenice S Spinosa
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, 05508-270 São Paulo, Brazil
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Skubała K, Styburski J, Chowaniec K. Combined effect of fungicide, herbicide and plant elicitor used in apple orchards on non-target epiphytic moss Hypnum cupressiforme. Environ Pollut 2024; 342:123133. [PMID: 38092344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Apple production is a dynamic agricultural system in which pesticides are applied recurrently to control pests and diseases in the orchards. Understanding the impact of such agents on non-target organisms is crucial to minimise unintended consequences while maintaining their use in crop protection. The aim was to test how fungicide, herbicide, elicitor, and their combinations affect the physiology of the epiphytic moss Hypnum cupressiforme that naturally occurs in orchards. Our results showed that both dodine and diflufenican applied separately had a strong negative effect on moss physiology reflected in significantly decreased photosynthetic pigment contents, maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, cell membrane integrity and dehydrogenase activity, and increased membrane lipid peroxidation, which indicates a high physiological stress. Furthermore, the combined use of herbicide and fungicide resulted in further deterioration of the physiological condition compared to the effects of both agents used separately. In many cases, the application of chitosan together with a diflufenican or dodine resulted in a reduction of the negative effects triggered by these agents. The compensatory effect was particularly pronounced in maintaining a low level of cell membrane permeability. Consequently, it can be concluded that chitosan could have a protective function against cell membrane damage in non-target mosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Skubała
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Styburski
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Chowaniec
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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Sharma P, Mittal P. Paraquat (herbicide) as a cause of Parkinson's Disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 119:105932. [PMID: 38008593 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The four features of Parkinson's disease (PD), which also manifests other non-motor symptoms, are bradykinesia, tremor, postural instability, and stiffness. The pathogenic causes of Parkinsonism include Lewy bodies, intracellular protein clumps of αsynuclein, and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra's pars compacta region. The pathophysiology of PD is still poorly understood due to the complexity of the illness. The apoptotic cell death of neurons in PD, however, has been linked to a variety of intracellular mechanisms, according to a wide spectrum of study. The endoplasmic reticulum's stress, decreased levels of neurotrophic factors, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, catabolic alterations in dopamine, and decreased activity of tyrosine hydroxylase are some of these causes. The herbicide paraquat has been used in laboratory studies to create a variety of PD pathological features in numerous in-vitro and in-vivo animals. Due to the unique neurotoxicity that paraquat causes, understanding of the pathophysiology of PD has changed. Parkinson's disease (PD) is more likely to develop among people exposed to paraquat over an extended period of time, according to epidemiological studies. Thanks to this paradigm, the hunt for new therapy targets for PD has expanded. In both in-vitro and in-vivo models, the purpose of this study is to summarise the relationship between paraquat exposure and the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Mittal
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Yoon Y, Cho M. Understanding atrazine elimination via treatment of the enzyme-based Fenton reaction: Kinetics, mechanism, reaction pathway, and metabolites toxicity. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140982. [PMID: 38103653 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The degradation kinetics and mechanism of atrazine (ATZ) via an enzyme-based Fenton reaction were investigated at various substrate concentrations and pH values. Toxicological assessment was conducted on ATZ and its degradation products, and the associated reaction pathway was examined. The in situ production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was monitored within the range of 3-15 mM, depending on the increase in glucose concentration, while decreasing the pH to 3.2-5.1 (initial pH of 5.8) or 6.5-7.4 (initial pH of 7.7). The degradation efficiency of ATZ was approximately 2-3 times higher at an initial pH of 5.8 with lower glucose concentrations than at an initial pH of 7.7 with higher substrate concentrations during the enzyme-based Fenton reaction. The apparent pseudo-first-order rate constant for H2O2 decomposition under various conditions in the presence of ferric citrate was 1.9-6.3 × 10-5 s-1. The •OH concentration ([•OH]ss) during the enzyme-based Fenton reaction was 0.5-4.1 × 10-14 M, and the second-order rate constant for ATZ degradation was 1.5-3.3 × 109 M-1 s-1. ATZ intrinsically hinders the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana, and its inhibitory effect is marginal, depending on the reaction time of the enzyme-based Fenton process. The ATZ transformation during this process occurs through dealkylation, hydroxylation, and dechlorination via •OH-mediated reactions. The degradation kinetics, mechanism, and toxicological assessment in the present study could contribute to the development and application of enzyme-based Fenton reactions for in situ pollutant abatement. Moreover, the enzyme-based Fenton reaction could be an environmentally benign and applicable approach for eliminating persistent organic matter, such as herbicides, using diverse H2O2-producing microbes and ubiquitous ferric iron with organic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younggun Yoon
- Division of Biotechnology, SELS Center, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
| | - Min Cho
- Division of Biotechnology, SELS Center, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
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Ma Y, Pedersen M, Vinggaard AM. In vitro antiandrogenic effects of the herbicide linuron and its metabolites. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140773. [PMID: 38000554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Although the herbicide linuron is banned for use in the EU due to its reproductive and developmental toxicity, it can still be found in randomly sampled foods grown in and outside the EU. It is not clear if metabolites of linuron can contribute to the endocrine disrupting effects following exposure to the parent compound. To address this gap, we analysed linuron and the metabolites 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCU), 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) and 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methoxyurea (DCXU) for androgen receptor (AR) activities and effects on steroidogenesis. Generally, linuron and the metabolites showed qualitatively similar antiandrogenic profiles, but potencies varied. All compounds were AR antagonists, with linuron showing highest potency (IC50 of 2.8 μM). The overall picture of effects on steroidogenesis showed that linuron and metabolites increased the levels of estrogens and corticosteroids, whereas the synthesis of androgens was inhibited. The metabolite DCU was by far the most potent inhibitor of testosterone synthesis (IC50 of 6.7 μM compared to IC50 of 51.1 μM for linuron). We suggest that it is likely that the metabolites contribute to the antiandrogenic effects of linuron in vivo, especially by inhibiting testosterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Ma
- Cell Toxicology Team, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikael Pedersen
- Research group for Analytical Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Vinggaard
- Cell Toxicology Team, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Harini VS, Marimuthu R, Tantry MSA, Santhakumar K. Induction of Paraquat-Mediated Parkinsonian Phenotype in Zebrafish. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e990. [PMID: 38348973 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a well-known neurotoxin closely associated with neurodegenerative Parkinson's disease (PD). Zebrafish are utilized as a model for PD research because of their well-defined neuropathology and locomotor behavior. Here, we highlight protocols for inducing PD using PQ and analyzing locomotor activity in adult zebrafish. Basic Protocol 1 details the treatment of adult male zebrafish with 60 mg/kg PQ via intraperitoneal injection to induce a PD-like phenotype, followed by the steps to perform a locomotor assay. Basic Protocol 2 provides step-by-step guidance for processing the acquired videos in ToxTrac software to understand the locomotor parameters of 0.9% saline- and 60 mg/kg PQ-injected adult zebrafish. The simplicity of the treatment strategy, low-cost video acquisition setup, and free video processing make these protocols accessible without prior experience. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Development of Parkinson's disease features in adult zebrafish Basic Protocol 2: ToxTrac analysis for locomotor assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Harini
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghunath Marimuthu
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M S Ananthakrishna Tantry
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kirankumar Santhakumar
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rosolen APF, Ribeiro RA, Teleken JL, de Oliveira Chaves J, Padilha SC, Goes ME, Morari J, Boschero AC, Balbo SL, Bonfleur ML. Pubertal glyphosate-based herbicide exposure aggravates high-fat diet-induced obesity in female mice. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:15872-15884. [PMID: 38302837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most widely used pesticides globally. Studies have indicated that they may increase the risk of various organic dysfunctions. Herein, we verified whether exposure to GBH during puberty increases the susceptibility of male and female mice to obesity when they are fed a high-fat diet (HFD) in adulthood. From the 4th-7th weeks of age, male and female C57Bl/6 mice received water (CTL group) or 50 mg GBH /kg body weight (BW; GBH group). From the 8th-21st weeks of age, the mice were fed a standard diet or a HFD. It was found that pubertal GBH exposure exacerbated BW gains and hyperphagia induced by HFD, but only in female GBH-HFD mice. These female mice also exhibited high accumulation of perigonadal and subcutaneous fat, as well as reduced lean body mass. Both male and female GBH-HFD displayed hypertrophic white adipocytes. However, only in females, pubertal GBH exposure aggravated HFD-induced fat accumulation in brown adipocytes. Furthermore, GBH increased plasma cortisol levels by 80% in GBH-HFD males, and 180% in GBH-HFD females. In conclusion, pubertal GBH exposure aggravated HFD-induced obesity, particularly in adult female mice. This study provides novel evidence that GBH misprograms lipid metabolism, accelerating the development of obesity when individuals are challenged by a second metabolic stressor, such as an obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Farina Rosolen
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Rosane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Setor de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Produtos Bioativos E Biociências, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jakeline Liara Teleken
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Janaina de Oliveira Chaves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Produtos Bioativos E Biociências, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Suellen Camila Padilha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Goes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Joseane Morari
- Centro de Pesquisa Em Obesidade E Comorbidades (OCRC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Centro de Pesquisa Em Obesidade E Comorbidades (OCRC), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lucinei Balbo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Bonfleur
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina E Metabolismo (LAFEM), Centro de Ciências Biológicas E da Saúde, Universidade Estadual Do Oeste Do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, CEP: 85819-110, Brazil.
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García Carriquiry I, Silva V, Raevel F, Harkes P, Osman R, Bentancur O, Fernandez G, Geissen V. Effects of mixtures of herbicides on nutrient cycling and plant support considering current agriculture practices. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140925. [PMID: 38086451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of mixtures of pesticides and consecutive pesticide applications challenge current regulations aimed at protecting ecosystem health due to unpredictable effects of complex and dynamic mixtures. In this study, we tested the ecotoxicological effects of mixtures of herbicides, applied following a real application scheme of soybean production on soil health in a mesocosm experiment. The experiment included two sequential applications; first, glyphosate + dicamba + clethodim, and 30 days later, flumioxazin + metolachlor. Commercial products were used at the recommended doses and at two other concentrations: half and double the recommended dose. Soybean plants were exposed to the herbicide-contaminated soil from the time of sowing to the beginning of pod formation. Half of the plants were harvested at the vegetative stage and the remaining plants at the reproductive stage to evaluate endpoints related to plant support and nutrient cycling. Plant biomass was significantly affected during the vegetative stage at the recommended and double the recommended dose, with the effects being mixture-dose dependent. Lower total and arbuscular colonization of mycorrhizas were also observed in double the recommended dose, and intermediate results were observed for the recommended dose. Nodule mass and phosphorous concentration in plants decreased with increasing herbicide doses. By the end of the experiment, nodule mass and total mycorrhizal colonization were low in the plants treated with double the recommended dose of herbicides. However, both endpoints reached similar values to the control at lower herbicide doses. Plant height and phenology were only lower at double the recommended dose during the experiment. The use of non-standard endpoints evidenced that important soil functions were transiently or permanently affected, while the realistic application scheme accounted for the impact of the management practice currently used. Pesticide risk assessment should therefore, incorporate both issues to effectively protect the ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- I García Carriquiry
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands; CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
| | - V Silva
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - F Raevel
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - P Harkes
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - R Osman
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - O Bentancur
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - G Fernandez
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - V Geissen
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
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