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Li Y, Chi D, Sun Y, Wang X, Tan M, Guan Y, Wu Q, Zhou H. Synthesis of struvite-enriched slow-release fertilizer using magnesium-modified biochar: Desorption and leaching mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172172. [PMID: 38575019 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
To improve the retention and slow-release abilities of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), an 82 %-purity struvite fertilizer (MAP-BC) was synthesized using magnesium-modified biochar and a solution with a 2:1 concentration ratio of NH4+ to PO43- at a pH of 8. Batch microscopic characterizations and soil column leaching experiments were conducted to study the retention and slow-release mechanisms and desorption kinetics of MAP-BC. The slow-release mechanism revealed that the dissolution rate of high-purity struvite was the dominant factor of NP slow release. The re-adsorption of NH4+ and PO43- by biochar and unconsumed MgO prolonged slow release. Mg2+ ionized by MgO could react with PO43- released from struvite to form Mg3(PO4)2. The internal biochar exhibited electrostatic attraction and pore restriction towards NH4+, while magnesium modification and nutrient loading formed a physical antioxidant barrier that ensured long-term release. The water diffusion experiment showed a higher cumulative release rate for PO43- compared to NH4+, whereas in soil column leaching, the trend was reversed, suggesting that soil's competitive adsorption facilitated the desorption of NH4+ from MAP-BC. During soil leaching, cumulative release rates of NH4+ and PO43- from chemical fertilizers were 3.55-3.62 times faster than those from MAP-BC. The dynamic test data for NH4+ and PO43- in MAP-BC fitted the Ritger-Peppas model best, predicting release periods of 163 days and 166 days, respectively. The leaching performances showed that MAP-BC reduced leaching solution volume by 5.58 % and significantly increased soil large aggregates content larger than 0.25 mm by 24.25 %. The soil nutrients retention and pH regulation by MAP-BC reduced leaching concentrations of NP. Furthermore, MAP-BC significantly enhanced plant growth, and it is more suitable as a NP source for long-term crops. Therefore, MAP-BC is expected to function as a long-term and slow-release fertilizer with the potential to minimize NP nutrient loss and replace part of quick-acting fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Li
- College of Water Resource, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Daocai Chi
- College of Water Resource, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China.
| | - Yidi Sun
- China College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Xuanming Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Meitao Tan
- College of Water Resource, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Yu Guan
- College of Water Resource, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Water Resource, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China.
| | - Hanmi Zhou
- College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, PR China.
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Yan H, Liu JH, Lu Y, Wu YH, Chen Z, Hu HY. Do all algae grow faster in environments replenished by reclaimed water? Examples of two effluents produced in Beijing. Sci Total Environ 2024; 919:170784. [PMID: 38340834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Reclaimed water with nitrogen, phosphorus, and other contaminants may trigger algal blooms during its ecological utilization in replenishing rivers or lakes. However, the effect of reclaimed water on algal growth rates is not well understood. In this study, the growth potentials of algae in terms of Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillariophyta, as well as mixed algae in both regular culture medium and reclaimed water produced from treatment plants in Beijing with similar N and P concentrations, were compared to evaluate whether reclaimed water could facilitate algal growth. In addition, reclaimed water was also sterilized to verify the impact of bacteria's presence on algal growth. The results indicated that most algae grew faster in reclaimed water, among which the growth rate of Microcystis aeruginosa even increased by 5.5 fold. The growth of mixed algae in reclaimed water was not enhanced due to the strong adaptive ability of the community structure. Residual bacteria in the reclaimed water were found to be important contributors to algal growth. This work provided theoretical support for the safe and efficient utilization of reclaimed water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yan
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun-Han Liu
- Baowu Clean Energy Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua University, Suzhou 215163, China
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3
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Bodean MF, Regaldo L, Mayora G, Mora C, Giri F, Gervasio S, Popielarz A, Repetti MR, Licursi M. Effects of herbicides and fertilization on biofilms of Pampean lotic systems: A microcosm study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170238. [PMID: 38280601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
We experimentally assessed the impact of the application of herbicides and fertilizers derived from agricultural activity through the individual and simultaneous addition of glyphosate, atrazine, and nutrients (nitrogen 'N' and phosphorus 'P') on the biofilm community and their resilience when the experimental factors were removed. We hypothesize that i) the presence of agrochemicals negatively affects the biofilm community leading to the simplification of the community structure; ii) the individual or simultaneous addition of herbicides and nutrients produces differential responses in the biofilm; and iii) the degree of biofilm recovery differs according to the treatment applied. Environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate (0.7 mgL-1), atrazine (44 μgL-1), phosphorus (1 mg P L-1 [KH2PO4]), and nitrogen (3 mg N L-1[NaNO3]) were used. Chlorophyll a, ash-free dry weight, abundance of main biofilm groups and nutrient contents in biofilm were analyzed. At initial exposure time, all treatments were dominated by Cyanobacteria; through the exposure period, it was observed a progressive replacement by Bacillariophyceae. This replacement occurred on day 3 for the control and was differentially delayed in all herbicides and/or nutrient treatments in which the abundance of cyanobacteria remains significant yet in T5. A significant correlation was observed between the abundance of cyanobacteria and the concentration of atrazine, suggesting that this group is less sensitive than diatoms. The presence of agrochemicals exerted differential effects on the different algal groups. Herbicides contributed to phosphorus and nitrogen inputs. The most frequently observed interactions between experimental factors (nutrients and herbicides) was additivity excepting for species richness (antagonistic effect). In the final recovery time, no significant differences were found between the treatments and the control in most of the evaluated parameters, evincing the resilience of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Bodean
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luciana Regaldo
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC, UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gisela Mayora
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Celeste Mora
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Federico Giri
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC, UNL-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Susana Gervasio
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología (INTEC, CONICET - UNL), Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Popielarz
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología (INTEC, CONICET - UNL), Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Magdalena Licursi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología 'INALI', Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Yang C, Zhang H, Feng Y, Hu Y, Chen S, Guo S, Zeng Z. Effect of microbial communities on nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in rivers with different heavy metal pollution. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:87398-87411. [PMID: 37421527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Small urban and rural rivers usually face heavy metal pollution as a result of urbanization and industrial and agricultural activities. To elucidate the metabolic capacity of microbial communities on nitrogen and phosphorus cycle in river sediments under different heavy metal pollution backgrounds, this study collected samples in situ from two typical rivers, Tiquan River and Mianyuan River, with different heavy metal pollution levels. The microbial community structure and metabolic capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus cycles of sediment microorganisms were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the major heavy metals in the sediments of the Tiquan River were Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd with the contents of 103.80, 30.65, 25.95, and 0.44 mg/kg, respectively, while the major heavy metals in the sediments of the Mianyuan River were Cd and Cu with the contents of 0.60 and 27.81 mg/kg, respectively. The dominant bacteria Steroidobacter, Marmoricola, and Bacillus in the sediments of the Tiquan River had positive correlations with Cu, Zn, and Pb while are negatively correlated with Cd. Cd had a positive correlation with Rubrivivax, and Cu had a positive correlation with Gaiella in the sediments of the Mianyuan River. The dominant bacteria in the sediments of the Tiquan River showed strong phosphorus metabolic ability, and the dominant bacteria in the sediments of the Mianyuan River showed strong nitrogen metabolic ability, corresponding to the lower total phosphorus content in the Tiquan River and the higher total nitrogen content in the Mianyuan River. The results of this study showed that resistant bacteria became dominant bacteria due to the stress of heavy metals, and these bacteria showed strong nitrogen and phosphorus metabolic ability. It can provide theoretical support for the pollution prevention and control of small urban and rural rivers and have positive significance for maintaining the healthy development of rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yuansi Hu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Sikai Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- China 19th Metallurgical Corporation, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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Nsenga Kumwimba M, Huang J, Dzakpasu M, De Silva K, Ohore OE, Ajibade FO, Li X, Jingjun S, Muyembe DK, Kaixuan H. An updated review of the efficacy of buffer zones in warm/temperate and cold climates: Insights into processes and drivers of nutrient retention. J Environ Manage 2023; 336:117646. [PMID: 36871447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The transport of excess nutrients into freshwater systems constitutes a serious risk to both water quality and aquatic health. Vegetated buffer zones (VBZs) next to waterways are increasingly used in many parts of the world to successfully intercept and eliminate pollutants and other materials in overland flow, especially in warm or temperate regions. The major processes for the retention of pollutants in VBZ are microbial degradation, infiltration, deposition, filtration, adsorption, degradation, assimilation, etc. The effectiveness of the VBZ relies on several environmental factors, including BZ width, runoff intensity, slope, soil texture, temperature, vegetation type, etc. Among the reported factors, cold weather possesses the most detrimental impact on many of the processes that VBZ are designed to carry out. The freezing temperatures result in ice formation, interrupting biological activity, infiltration and sorption, etc. In the last twenty years, burgeoning research has been carried out on the reduction of diffuse nutrient pollution losses from agricultural lands using VBZ. Nonetheless, a dearth of studies has dealt with the problems and concerns in cold climates, representing an important knowledge gap in this area. In addition, the effectiveness of VBZ in terms of nutrient removal abilities varies from -136% to 100%, a range that reveals the incertitude surrounding the role of VBZ in cold regions. Moreover, frozen soils and plants may release nutrients after undergoing several freeze-thaw cycles followed by runoff events in spring snowmelt. This review suggests that the management and design of VBZ in cold climates needs close examination, and these systems might not frequently serve as a good management approach to decrease nutrient movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nsenga Kumwimba
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Faculty of Agronomy, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo
| | - Jinlou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mawuli Dzakpasu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Koshila De Silva
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria
| | - Xuyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Su Jingjun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Diana Kavidia Muyembe
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Huang Kaixuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Zhang M, Ji J, Liu L, Guo Y, Chen J. Response of microbial communities to nutrient removal in coastal sediment by using ecological concrete. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27386-3. [PMID: 37155101 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecological concrete (eco-concrete) is a kind of environment-friendly material with porous characteristics. In this study, the eco-concrete was used to remove the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total organic carbon (TOC) in marine coastal sediment. The bacterial communities in sediment and on eco-concrete surface were also investigated by using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR of 16S rRNA gene. We found that the mean removal efficiencies of TN, TP, and TOC in treatment group were 8.3%, 8.4%, and 12.3% after 28 days. The bacterial community composition in the treatment group was significantly different from that in the control group on day 28. In addition, the bacterial community composition on eco-concrete surface was slightly different from that in sediment, and the copy numbers of 16S rRNA gene were higher on eco-concrete surface than in sediment. The types of eco-concrete aggregates (gravel, pebble, and zeolite) also had effects on the bacterial community composition and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers. Furthermore, we found the abundant genus Sulfurovum increased significantly on eco-concrete surface in the treatment group after 28 days. Bacteria belonging to this genus were found having denitrification ability and were commonly detected in bioreactors for nitrate removal. Overall, our study expands the application scopes of eco-concrete and suggests that the bacterial communities in eco-concrete can potentially enhance the removal efficiency of nutrients in coastal sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Institute of Natural Products and Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jiannan Ji
- Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Institute of Natural Products and Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lemian Liu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China.
- Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China.
- Institute of Natural Products and Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Yisong Guo
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Institute of Natural Products and Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang, 362200, China
- Institute of Natural Products and Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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Xu Q, Yan T, Wang C, Hua L, Zhai L. Managing landscape patterns at the riparian zone and sub-basin scale is equally important for water quality protection. Water Res 2023; 229:119280. [PMID: 36463680 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Widespread attention has been given to understanding the effect of the landscape pattern on river water quality. However, which spatial scale (riparian zone versus sub-basin) has the greater impact on water quality has long been controversial, since the key metrics that affect water quality varied with spatial scale. Thus, quantifying the spatial scale effects of key landscape metrics on water quality is critical to clarifying which scale of landscape pattern is more conducive to water quality conservation. Here, we adopted variation partitioning analysis (VPA) and random forest models to quantify the landscape pattern impact on water quality at northern Erhai Lake during the 2019 rainy season (early, mid, and late), and comprehensively analyze the key landscape metrics on different scales. The results revealed that the riparian zone and sub-basin scale landscape patterns explained similar water quality variations (difference only 0.9%) in the mid (August) and late rainy season (October), but exhibited a large difference (24.1%) during the early rainy season (June). Furthermore, rivers were primarily stressed by nitrogen pollution. Maintaining the Grassland_ED > 27.99 m/ha, Grassland_LPI > 4.19%, Farmland_LSI < 3.2 in the riparian zone, and Construction_ED < 1.69 m/ha, Construction_LSI < 2.46, Farmland_PLADJ < 89.0% at the sub-basin scale could significantly reduce the TN concentration in the stream. Meanwhile, managing of these metrics can effectively prevent rapid increases of TN in rivers. Moreover, due to the low phosphorus concentration in the rivers, none of the landscape metrics significantly explained the variation in TP. This study explored the spatial scale effect of landscape patterns on water quality and revealed the driving factors of nutrient variation. This study will provide a scientific basis for aquatic environmental management in plateau watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Tiezhu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lingling Hua
- College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture 102206, China
| | - Limei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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Li Y, Xu D, Lin H, Wang W, Yang H. Nutrient released characteristics of struvite-biochar fertilizer produced from concentrated sludge supernatant by fluidized bed reactor. J Environ Manage 2023; 325:116548. [PMID: 36308786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the exacerbating water eutrophication globally, it is important to recover nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from sewage for recycle. In this study, coconut shell biochar and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were added into the designed fluidized bed reactor (FBR) to create struvite-biochar. N and P released from struvite-biochar and the recovery efficiency of N and P from concentrated sludge supernatant were analyzed. Results showed that the optimal operation condition for hydraulic retention time (HRT), pH, Mg/P molar ration, and addition amount EDTA were 90 min, 9.5, 1.2, and 0.2 g/L, respectively. The recovery efficiency of NH4+-N and PO43--P, and purity struvite for FBR were 34.41%-38.05%, 64.95-68.40%, and 84.15%, respectively. The recovery efficiency of NH4+-N and PO43--P were respectively increased by 7.23% and 5.36% when FBR with addition of 0.33 g/L coconut shell biochar, but purity struvite from struvite-biochar decreased by 45.70%. Contents of As, Cd, Pb, and Cr in struvite and struvite-biochar were all lower than Chinese Standard Limits of Fertilizer. Compared to commercial chemical fertilizer, such as superphosphate and urea, struvite-biochar and struvite have slowly released N and P. The amounts of released P, NO3--N and NH4+-N from struvite-biochar were higher than struvite during the five leaching times. Compared with struvite, the total amounts of released P, NO3--N and NH4+-N from struvite-biochar increased by 4.9%, 3.5% and 8.3%, respectively. Therefore, it is valuable to add biochar into FBR to recovery N and P from concentrated sludge supernatant and make struvite-biochar as a slow-release fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Li
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Defu Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Haizhi Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Rapeseed Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550008, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK.
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Jin J, Tian X, Liu G, Huang J, Zhu H, Qiu S, Fu X, Wu Y, Bing H. Novel ecological ditch system for nutrient removal from farmland drainage in plain area: Performance and mechanism. J Environ Manage 2022; 318:115638. [PMID: 35949090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural drainage as the non-point sources is a worldwide environmental issue for aquatic ecosystem. However, how to remove these nutrients effectively from agricultural drainage remains a big challenge with increasing cemented ditches for better management. Here, we designed a novel ecological ditch system which integrated an earth ditch and a cemented ditch with iron-loaded biochar in the Chengdu Plain to reduce the loss of N and P from farmland. After a two-year monitoring, the removal efficiency of total N and total P reached 24.9% and 36.1% by the earth ditch and 30.7% and 57.8% by the integrated ditch system, respectively. The water quality was evidently improved after passing through the ditch system with the marked decrease in the concentrations of N and P. Dissolved organic N, nitrate, and particulate P became the dominant fractions of N and P loss. Rainfall soon after fertilization increased the concentrations of N and P in the ditch system and markedly affected their removal efficiency. The iron-loaded biochar effectively removed N and P from the drainage, especially at the high concentrations, which was mainly attributed to its high adsorption of the dissolved N and P fractions and the interception of the particulate nutrients. Our results indicate that the designed ecological ditch system has a high potential for alleviating agricultural non-point source pollution in the plain area and can be extended to other lowland agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Jin
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiacong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, China
| | - He Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shaojun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haijian Bing
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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10
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Ma J, Chen F, Zhou B, Zhang Z, Pan K. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on cadmium tolerance in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:156615. [PMID: 35691352 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the influence of major nutrients on metal toxicity in marine phytoplankton has been widely explored, the mechanisms involving the cell surface are poorly understood. Here, the model marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was cultured under different nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) availabilities from the f/2 to the f/20 level in the laboratory; the diatom's accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and the effects of the physical and chemical properties of the cell wall were investigated at the single-cell level. Under higher N and/or P supply at the f/2 level, both the adsorption and uptake of Cd were enhanced in the P. tricornutum cells. The N and P increased the ion-binding sites on the cell surface, causing more negative surface potential and less depolarization of the diatoms' cell walls. Up-regulated transporter genes were detected in those cells with enriched nutrient supply, which could be attributed to the higher Cd uptake. These results strongly indicate that N and P are critical nutrients for frustule-mediated metal accumulation and tolerance in marine diatoms. Our study provides new clues on the nutrient-dependent cell-surface physical and chemical mechanisms involved in metal toxicity in marine diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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11
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Yang J, Li G, Sheng Y, Zhang F. Response and contribution of bacterial and archaeal communities to eutrophication in urban river sediments. Environ Pollut 2022; 306:119397. [PMID: 35513192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Excessive loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) that leads to eutrophication mutually interacts with sediment microbial community. To unravel the microbial community structures and interaction networks in the urban river sediments with the disturbance of N and P loadings, we used high-throughput sequencing analysis and ecological co-occurrence network methods to investigate the responses of diversity and community composition of bacteria and archaea and identify the keystone species in river sediments. The alpha-diversity of archaea significantly decreased with the increased total nitrogen (TN), whereas the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number of bacteria increased with the increase of available phosphorus (AP). The beta-diversity of archaea and bacteria was more sensitive to N content than P content. The relative abundance of predominant bacterial and archaeal taxa varied differently in terms of different N and P contents. Complexity and connectivity of bacteria and archaea interaction networks showed significant variations with eutrophication, and competition between bacteria became more significant with the increase of N content. The sensitive and the highest connective species (keystone species) were identified for different N and P loadings. Total carbon (TC), water content (WC), microbial alpha-diversity and interaction networks played pivotal roles in the N and P transformation in urban river sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juejie Yang
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guanghe Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Li C, Zhang P, Zhu G, Chen C, Wang Y, Zhu M, Xu H, Jiang C, Zou W, Shi P, Zheng Q. Dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus profile and its driving forces in a subtropical deep reservoir. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:27738-27748. [PMID: 34981372 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17877-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen and phosphorus stratification is crucial for ecosystem dynamics in deep lakes and reservoirs. It is critical for water quality management to understand the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus stratification and its driving forces. In this study, high-frequency total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from January 2017 to October 2019 were estimated using the datasets of high-frequency buoy parameters, including water temperature, pH, chlorophyll-a, oxidation-reduction potential, dissolved oxygen, and fluorescent dissolved organic matter. The results revealed that both nitrogen and phosphorus in water column were periodically stratified. Specifically, the stratification of nitrogen and phosphorus occurred from April to December or January of the following year. Moreover, indices of TN stratification (IC-TN) and TP stratification (IC-TP) were - 0.29 ~ 0.05 and - 0.78 ~ 0.28, respectively. Significant (P < 0.01) positive correlations were observed between RWCS (an index of thermal stability) and IC-TN (or IC-TP), indicating thermal stratification may be the main driving force of nutrient stratification at inter-month scales. Further analysis indicated that the thermal stratification may affect nitrogen and phosphorus stratification though (1) influencing algal growth and (2) affecting the release of internal sources and the material exchange between water columns. Furthermore, precipitation is also suggested as an important factor affecting the stability of nitrogen and phosphorus vertical profile in the flood season. These findings may provide important information for optimizing water quality management efforts in Qiandaohu and other subtropical deep reservoirs. In addition, the knowledge of the effect of temperature and precipitation on nutrient stratification are essential to understand future ecosystem dynamics of deep reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunli Li
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Chao Chen
- Hangzhou Institute of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Hangzhou Bureau of Ecology and Environment Chun'an Branch, Hangzhou, 311700, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
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13
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Liu F, Wang X, Chi Q, Tian M. Spatial variations in soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus contents and controlling factors across the "Three Rivers" regions of southwest China. Sci Total Environ 2021; 794:148795. [PMID: 34225155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Based on the data of China Geochemical Baselines project, geostatistical analysis was used to investigate the spatial variations in soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents across the "Three Rivers" regions of southwest China, and the factors affecting them were analyzed by the redundancy analysis (RDA) and Person's correlation. Results showed that, the average content of SOC, TN and TP in the study area were 7.20 g/kg, 0.84 g/kg and 0.55 g/kg, respectively. The SOC and TN contents showed an obvious enrichment characteristic with great spatial variability, while TP content was stable on regional scale. The SOC, TN and TP contents decreased with elevation increase in the northern frigid highland, but showed an opposite character in the southern tropical & subtropical, which actually reflected the control of temperature on them. Combined with that there were higher SOC, TN and TP contents in subalpine meadow soil and red earth-yellow earth of the middle latitude zone, these suggested that the suitable temperature was conducive to the accumulation of soil nutrients. The weak positive correlation between population density and soil nutrients, together with high level of soil nutrients in the vicinity of large cities, demonstrated that human activities had significantly increased the soil nutrients contents in the study area. The RDA results showed that soil nutrients in the northern frigid highland were mainly controlled by the environmental factors dominated by temperature and soil structural factors dominated by parent materials with the total explanatory power as high as 75.87%, while in the southern tropical & subtropical mainly by the environmental factors dominated by chemical and biological weathering and the biological factors dominated by vegetation with the total explanatory power as high as 88.53%. The above factors superimposing a certain degree of human activities converged to cause that the SOC and TP contents in the south were higher than that in the north while the TN content was lower than that in the north.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Center on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China; School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Xueqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Center on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China.
| | - Qinghua Chi
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Center on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Mi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Center on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
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14
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Li H, Ma X, Zhou B, Ren G, Yuan D, Liu H, Wei Z, Gu X, Zhao B, Hu Y, Wang H. An integrated migration and transformation model to evaluate the occurrence characteristics and environmental risks of Nitrogen and phosphorus in constructed wetland. Chemosphere 2021; 277:130219. [PMID: 33774246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an integrated migration and transformation (IMT) model based on microbial action, plant absorption, sediment release and substrate adsorption was firstly established to evaluate the temporal-spatial distribution of N and P in Lingang hybrid constructed wetland (CW), Tianjin. Compared to the conventional transformation model that only considers the microbial action, the IMT model could accurately predict the occurrence characteristics of N and P. In Lingang CW, NO3--N (0.56-3.63 mg/L) was the most important form of N, and the TP was at a relatively low concentration level (0.04-0.07 mg/L). The spatial distribution results showed that a certain amount of N and P could be removed by CW. Form the temporal perspective, the N and P concentrations were greatly affected by the dissolved oxygen (DO). The simulated values obtained by IMT model indicated that the distribution of N and P was more affected by the temporality compared with the spatiality, which was consistent with measured values. Besides, the PCA indicated that TN, NO3--N and DO were important factors, which affected the water quality of CW. The Nemerow pollution index method based on the simulated values indicated that Lingang CW was overall moderately polluted, and the subsurface area was the main functional unit of pollutants removal in CW. This work provides a new model for accurately predicting the occurrence characteristics of N and P pollutants in CW, which is of great significance for identifying its environmental risks and optimizing the construction of wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Gengbo Ren
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Dekui Yuan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zizhang Wei
- Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xiujun Gu
- Tianjin Lingang Construction Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Tianjin Lingang Construction Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Tianjin Lingang Construction Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Tianjin Lingang Construction Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300450, China
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15
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Hao Y, Lu J. Teleconnection between climate oscillations and riverine nutrient dynamics in Southeast China based on wavelet analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:41807-41820. [PMID: 33791961 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is mainly driven by hydrological processes; climate oscillation can affect regional water cycle processes. However, the relationship between climate oscillation and NPS pollution is still unclear, which increases the difficulty of water quality prediction and management. In this study, Mann-Kendall test and wavelet transform were adopted to investigate the teleconnection between ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) phenomenon and riverine NPS load dynamics in an agricultural watershed of Southeast China from 2003 to 2016. Results showed that annual precipitation, streamflow, and riverine nutrient load increased significantly during the study period. The change point for long-term riverine TN load and TP load appeared in 2009 and 2007, respectively. Rainfall, streamflow, nutrient loads, and Niño 3.4 sea temperature (SST) shared a common periodicity of 10-16 months. The southern oscillation index (SOI) and Niño 3.4 SST shared a common periodicity of 28-36 months. Moreover, Niño 3.4 SST showed a positive correlation with riverine nutrient loads at a periodicity of 10-16 months, while SOI showed a weakly negative correlation with riverine nutrient loads at a periodicity of 28-36 months. These findings indicate that the increasing frequency of warm ENSO events would enhance the risk of nutrient export to rivers in Southeast China and more attention should be paid to large-scale climate oscillation in the prediction of agricultural nutrient pollution and management of water quality in agricultural watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- College of Environment & Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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16
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Zhou P, Zhang D, Zhuang L, Zhang L, Yuan W, Singh RP. Assessment of runoff nutrients loss in Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis forest land under simulated rainfall conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:21874-21886. [PMID: 33411282 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The loss regularity of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) of runoff under different rainfall intensity and different management practices in Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis forest land was studied. The total nitrogen (TN) and CODMn concentration in runoff were significantly correlated with the rainfall intensity under the three management modes named as control, fertilization, and cover. Moreover, N mainly lost in the form of nitrate (NO3--N). Generally, the relationship between total and dissolved phosphorus (TP and DP) loss in the three management modes was estimated in following orders: coverage > fertilization > control. The loss of P was mainly in the granular state, and the loss of DP only accounted negligible amount of the TP loss. The loss of CODMn was closely related to the magnitude of rainfall intensity. Results revealed that CODMn concentration in runoff under fertilization and cover management was significantly correlated with the rain fall intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguo Zhou
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Wenrui Yuan
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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17
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Li S, Huang Y, Li Y. Homeostatic responses and growth of Leymus chinensis under incrementally increasing saline-alkali stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10768. [PMID: 33717669 PMCID: PMC7931712 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable tolerance to salt and alkali stress, Leymus chinensis populations on the southwestern Songnen Plain in northern China are threatened by increasing soil salinity and alkalinity. To explore the species' responses to saline-alkali stress, we grew it in substrates with varying concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) while applying varying levels of saline-alkali stress (increasing in 14-, 17- or 23 -day intervals). We measured the plants' contents of N and P, and the N:P ratio, and calculated their homeostasis indices (HN , HP and HN:P ) under each nutrient and saline-alkali stress treatment. The N content was found to be more sensitive to saline-alkali stress than the P content. The N and P contents were highest and the N:P ratio was stable at pH 8.4. At both pH 8.1 and 8.4, H N:P> H N > H P, but the indices and their relations differed at other pH values. Exposure to saline-alkali stress for the 14-day incremental interval had weaker effects on the plants. Rapid changes in salinity-alkalinity weakened both the positive effects of the weakly alkaline conditions (pH 7.5-8.4) and the negative effects of more strongly alkaline conditions (pH 8.7 or 9.3) on L. chinensis. When L. chinensis plants lack N, applying N fertilizer will be extremely efficient. The optimal concentrations of N and P appeared to be 16 and 1.2 mmol/L, respectively. When the L. chinensis plants were N- and P-limited, the specific growth rate correlated positively with N:P, when limited by N it correlated positively with the environmental N concentration, and when limited by P it was weakly positively correlated with the environmental P concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Li
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Land and Resources, Changchun, China
| | - Yujin Huang
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Yuefen Li
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Land and Resources, Changchun, China
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Zhang L, Huang S, Peng X, Liu B, Zhang X, Ge F, Zhou Q, Wu Z. Potential ecological implication of Cladophora oligoclora decomposition: Characteristics of nutrient migration, transformation, and response of bacterial community structure. Water Res 2021; 190:116741. [PMID: 33341035 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During decay, the sediment microenvironment and water quality are severely affected by excessive proliferation of harmful algae such as filamentous green algae (FGA). The frequency of this FGA is increased through global warming and water eutrophication. In the present study, the degradation processes of a common advantage FGA Cladophora oligoclora and its effect on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient structure and bacterial community composition at the sediment-water interface were investigated by stable isotope labelling and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the decomposition process of C. oligoclona was fast, stable, and difficult to degrade. The changes in sediment δ15N values reached 66.68 ‰ on day 40, which indicated that some of the nitrogen had migrated to the sediment from C. oligoclona litter. TN and NH4+-N in the overlying water rapidly increased between days 0-10, NH4+-N rose to 78.21% of TN on day 40, resulting in severe pollution of ammonia in the overlying water. The nitrogen forms and contents in the sediment are mainly derived from the increasing ammonia nitrogen release. The TP and IP in the overlying water increased to the highest concentrations of 6.68±0.64, 6.59±0.79 mg·L-1 during the decomposition process, respectively, resulting in the migration of phosphate to the sediments with increasing phosphorus content. The abundance of the main dominant bacterial communities, such as Acinetobacter (0.08%-62.48%) and Pseudomonas (0.13%-20.36%) in sediments and overlying water has changed significantly. The correlation analysis results suggested that the phosphorus was mainly related to the bacterial community in the overlying water, while the various forms of nitrogen demonstrated a high relevance with the bacterial community in the sediment. Our research results will be valuable in evaluating the potential ecological risk of FGA decomposition and provide scientific support for shallow lake management and submerged vegetation restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fangjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Huang J, Wang C, Qi L, Zhang X, Tang G, Li L, Guo J, Jia Y, Dou X, Lu M. Phosphorus is more effective than nitrogen in restoring plant communities of heavy metals polluted soils. Environ Pollut 2020; 266:115259. [PMID: 32799175 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is widespread, and has an increasing trend in some countries and regions. It can be easily accumulated in plants, leading to plant species loss and affecting plant community composition. Artificial restoration can conserve plant diversity in contaminated soils and accelerate the recovery of polluted ecosystems. The application of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is inexpensive and convenient, which can increase the resistance of plants to adversity and promote the growth of plants in heavy metal polluted soils. In order to examine the effect of N and P nutrition on the conservation of plant community, we conducted a comparison experiment in greenhouse using soil with low N and P concentration, and set five treatments: C (soil with no heavy metals and fertilizer addition), H (soil with heavy metals addition but with no fertilizer), HN (soil with heavy metals and N addition), HP treatment(soil with heavy metals and P addition), HNP treatment (soil with heavy metals, N and P addition). Our results showed that heavy metal pollution reduced plant species by 300%, and significantly decreased plant diversity (P < 0.05). N addition increased the richness of plant species and increased the dominance of Euphorbia peplus, but had no significant effect on plant diversity and community structure, while reduced the evenness of plant species. P addition of HP and HNP treatments restored plant species richness and increased plant diversity under heavy metal pollution. The plant community structures of these two treatments were more similar to that of group C. Compared with N addition, P addition had a better performance to restoring the species composition and relative dominance of plant communities. Our results provided a guidance for the restoration of plant communities and the conservation of plant species in low N and P concentration soils with the context of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Huang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China; School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Chenjiao Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Lanlan Qi
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China; School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- School of Mathematics & Statistics, Chuxiong Normal University, 546 Lucheng South Rd, Chuxiong, 675000, PR China
| | - Guangmei Tang
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Jiahang Guo
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Yujing Jia
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, 768 Juxian Street, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Dou
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Meng Lu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China.
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Tekulu K, Taye G, Assefa D. Effect of starter nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and yield components, grain protein content of groundnut ( Arachis Hypogaea L.) and residual soil nitrogen content in a semiarid north Ethiopia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05101. [PMID: 33033762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing costs of chemical fertilizers, environmental concerns of their application and demand for protein foods, placed an extensive interest in growing of legume crops for human nutrition, and soil fertility replenishment. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on parameters of phenology, growth performance, grain yield, yield components, grain protein content of groundnut, and residual soil nitrogen content in the northern Ethiopia during the growing season of 2017. Three levels of N (0, 15 and 30 kg ha-1) and four levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg ha-1) were set in factorial combinations of randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that an average total biomass yield increased by 22.5% for separate individual application of 15 kg N ha-1 and by 16.6% for 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 compared to control plots. Haulm yield increased by 29.17% for plots treated with N fertilization compared to control plots. Average pod yield increased by 85.4% for a combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 fertilizers compared to the control plots. Plots fertilized with the highest combined rates of N and P have attained lower grain yield compared to the combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. The highest grain protein contents were obtained for a combined application of 30 kg N ha-1 and zero P, and 15 kg N ha-1 plus 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. The highest N harvest index was obtained for control treatments and for plots treated with combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. Residual soil N content increased by 119% on plots with combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 P2O5 ha-1 compared to control plots. Based on our results, combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 was recommended for increasing grain yield, grain protein content and residual soil nitrogen. The results of this study are crucial to improve groundnut productivity, grain protein content and also to provide implication on soil fertility management in a crop rotation system.
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Zou W, Zhu G, Cai Y, Xu H, Zhu M, Gong Z, Zhang Y, Qin B. Quantifying the dependence of cyanobacterial growth to nutrient for the eutrophication management of temperate-subtropical shallow lakes. Water Res 2020; 177:115806. [PMID: 32311578 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, attributed primarily to human-induced nutrient enrichment, significantly degrades freshwater ecosystems and poses serious risks to human health. The current study examined environmental variables and cyanobacterial biovolume (BCyano) of 28 shallow lakes in the eastern China plains during the spring and summer of 2018. We used a 95% quantile regression model to explore season-specific response of BCyano to total nitrogen (TN), or total phosphorus (TP), and robust linear relationships were observed between log(BCyano+0.001) and log(TN), or log(TP) in both spring and summer periods. Based on these regressions, regional-scale and season-specific TN and TP thresholds are proposed for these lakes to ensure the safety for recreational waters and drinking water source. However, actual BCyano for a given concentration of TN (or TP) for many observations were considerably lower than the results of the 95% regression model predict, indicating that other factors significantly modulated nutrient limitation of BCyano. Generalized additive model and quantile regression model were used together to explore potentially significant modulating factors, of which lake retention time, macrophytes cover and N: P ratio were identified as most important. Thus, it is necessary to develop type-specific nutrient thresholds with the consideration of these significant modulating factors. Furthermore, nutrient-BCyano relationships of our studied lakes with lake retention time>100 days and no macrophyte were further explored and nutrient thresholds of this lake type were proposed. Nutrient thresholds proposed in this study may play an essential role in achieving a cost-effective eutrophication management for shallow lakes both in the eastern China plains and elsewhere with similar climatic background. On a broader scale, the approaches and findings of this study may provide valuable reference to formulate reasonable nutrient reduction targets for other ecoregions with different climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Zhijun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yunlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Wang XX, Dao GH, Zhuang LL, Zhang TY, Wu YH, Hu HY. Enhanced simultaneous removal of nitrogen, phosphorous, hardness, and methylisothiazolinone from reverse osmosis concentrate by suspended-solid phase cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. LX1. Environ Int 2020; 139:105685. [PMID: 32247104 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The disposal of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate (ROC) is a critical challenge impeding the application of RO-based wastewater reclamation. Herein, we proposed an enhanced biotreatment approach for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen, phosphorous, hardness, and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) from ROC by suspended-solid phase cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. LX1. Repeated carrier addition, guided by the developed optimal carrier addition model, efficiently enhanced algal growth and contaminant removal through dynamically controlling the suspended algal density by cell attachment. The maximum algal growth rate (212.2 mg/(L∙d)) increased by 41% compared with the control, and the time needed for reaching the maximum algal biomass (906.7 mg/L) was shortened by 1 d, attributing to the mitigation of density restriction. 91.8% of nitrogen (30.2 mg/L) was removed with 5.5 mg/(L∙d) accelerating removal rate, and phosphate (3.7 mg/L) was completely removed within 1 d. Hardness precursors calcium and inorganic carbon were also removed in large amounts, 268.4 and 128.2 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, suspended-solid phase cultivation significantly mitigated the growth inhibition caused by MIT toxicity, enabled the algae to completely biodegrade MIT of extremely high concentrations (4.7 mg/L and 11.4 mg/L) in a short time. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of suspended-solid phase algal cultivation for simultaneously and effectively removing multiple main contaminants from ROC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiong Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, United States
| | - Guo-Hua Dao
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin-Lan Zhuang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tian-Yuan Zhang
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation, Tsinghua University, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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23
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Liu L, Wang S, Chen J. Hysteretic response of Microbial Eukaryotic Communities to Gradually Decreased Nutrient Concentrations in Eutrophic Water. Microb Ecol 2020; 79:815-822. [PMID: 31720759 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
External environments to microbial eukaryotic communities often change gradually with time. However, whether the responses of microbial eukaryotic communities to these gradually changed environments are continuous or hysteretic and the mechanisms underlying these responses are largely unknown. Here, we used a microcosm to investigate the temporal variation of microbial eukaryotic communities with the gradually decreased nutrient concentrations (nitrogen and phosphorus). We found the differences of microbial eukaryotic community composition and species richness between the control and treatment groups were low during the days 0 to 12, although the nutrient concentrations decreased rapidly during this period in treatment group. However, these differences were clear during the days 14 to 18, although the nutrient concentrations decreased slowly during this period in treatment group. The mechanisms for these results are that the strong homogenous selection (perhaps due to the biotic factors) during the days 8 to 10 in treatment group might enhance the stability of microbial eukaryotic communities. However, the continuously decreased nutrient concentrations weakened the homogenous selection and promoted the strength of environmental filtering, and therefore resulted in the distinct change of microbial eukaryotic communities during the days 14 to 18 in treatment group. Fungi, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta which associated with the nutrient removal played important roles in this hysteretic change of microbial eukaryotic communities. Overall, our findings suggest that disentangling the non-linear response of communities to gradual environmental changes is essential for understanding ecosystem restoration and degradation in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemian Liu
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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24
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Liu L, Wang S, Ji J, Xie Y, Shi X, Chen J. Characteristics of microbial eukaryotic community recovery in eutrophic water by using ecological floating beds. Sci Total Environ 2020; 711:134551. [PMID: 31812434 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecological floating beds can rapidly remove nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from eutrophic water, but we still know little about whether this process can simultaneously recover microbial eukaryotic communities. To fill this gap, planktonic microbial eukaryotic communities were investigated using 18S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing during nutrient removal by floating beds of Canna indica L. We found that nutrient concentrations were high in both the control and treatment groups during period 1 (days 0-5) but rapidly decreased in the treatment group during period 2 (days 6-9) and period 3 (days 10-18). However, the microbial eukaryotic species richness and community compositions were similar between the control and treatment groups during periods 1 and 2 but showed small differences during period 3. The microbial eukaryotic co-occurrence networks between the control and treatment groups also showed similar degree centrality and interconnected eukaryotic members. We found that some abundant fungi species significantly responded to nutrient variations, but a large number of abundant ciliates were insensitive to nutrient removal. Our findings suggest that ecological floating beds can rapidly remove nutrients in eutrophic waters but that it is difficult to quickly and simultaneously improve microbial eukaryotic communities. This result reveals the critical influence of nutrient pollution on aquatic ecosystems and therefore on long-term and comprehensive aquatic habitat restoration, as aquatic macrophyte recoveries should be conducted after nutrient controls have been implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemian Liu
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jiannan Ji
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Youping Xie
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xinguo Shi
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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25
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Wu L, Li G, Jiang J, Ma X. Using vegetation correction coefficient to modify a dynamic particulate nutrient loss model for monthly nitrogen and phosphorus load predictions: a case study in a small loess hilly watershed. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:32610-32623. [PMID: 31630349 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation is an important factor affecting nutrient enrichment ratio in runoff sediments but few studies have been examined in the effects of different vegetation scenarios on the monthly evolutions of particulate nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss. In this study, a vegetation correction coefficient was innovatively embedded in a dynamic particulate nutrient loss model to evaluate the monthly trends of particulate N and P loss in a small highly erodible watershed. Results indicate that (i) the monthly sediment yield from June to August 2013 accounted for the dominant percentage in this extreme hydrological year, which was consistent with the monthly trends of rainfall erosivity. The largest monthly sediment yield rate under four different vegetation scenarios all occurred in July with the values of 530.56, 258.09, 579.69, and 370.74 t km-2. (ii) Particulate N and P loss from April to September changed significantly under different vegetation scenarios, and they were mainly concentrated in June and July 2013; only the N and P loss loads in July accounted for > 70% of annual load. However, the loads in January, February, March, October, November, and December were considered as zero because there was no erosive rainfall during the above 6 months. (iii) The reduction efficiency of particulate N and P loss by scenario 1 was about 1.7 times higher than scenario 3, which shows that forestland in sediment reduction was stronger than grassland and cropland in Zhifanggou Watershed. Results provide the underlying insights needed to guide vegetation reconstruction and soil conservation planning in loess hilly regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
- Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Gouxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
- Ansai Comprehensive Experimental Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
- Ansai Comprehensive Experimental Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Wu H, Wang S, Gao L, Zhang L, Yuan Z, Fan T, Wei K, Huang L. Nutrient-derived environmental impacts in Chinese agriculture during 1978-2015. J Environ Manage 2018; 217:762-774. [PMID: 29656257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) play a critical role in agricultural production and cause many environmental disturbances. By combing life cycle assessment (LCA) method with the mass balance principle of substance flow analysis (SFA), this study establishes a nutrient-derived environmental impact assessment (NEIA) model to analyze the environmental impacts caused by nutrient-containing substances of agricultural production in China during 1978-2015. The agricultural production system is composed of crop farming and livestock breeding, and the environmental impacts include energy consumption, global warming, acidification, and eutrophication. The results show all these environmental impacts had increased to 8.22*109 GJ, 5.01*108 t CO2-eq, 2.41*107 t SO2-eq, and 7.18*107 t PO43--eq, respectively. It is noted the energy consumption and the climate change caused by the crop farming were always higher than those from livestock breeding, which were average 60 and two times, respectively. While the acidification and the eutrophication were opposite after 1995 and 2000, even they were similar. This was mainly due to the high N application including synthetic N fertilizer (from 1.33*109 GJ to 2.08*109 GJ), applied manure (from 4.94*108 GJ to 5.65*108 GJ) and applied crop residue (from 2.94*108 GJ to 5.30*109 GJ), while the synthetic N fertilizer was controlled and the livestock expanded rapidly after 1995. Among the sub-categories, the three staple crops (rice, wheat, and maize) contributed greater environmental impacts, which were about two to 10 times as other crops and livestock, due to their high fertilizer uses, sown areas and harvests. While the oil crops and fruit consumed the least energies because of their much lower fertilizer-use intensities. Pig and poultry especially pig also caused obvious effects on environment (even 20 times as other livestock) because of their large quantities and excretions, which emitted much higher N2O and P loss resulting in much higher climate change, acidification and eutrophication than other livestock. Then the study proposes the nutrient management in agricultural production by considering crop production, livestock breeding and dietary adjustment, so that some valuable experiences can be shared by the stakeholders in other Chinese regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Wu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Liangmin Gao
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Zengwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Tingyu Fan
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Kaiping Wei
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Li Huang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
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27
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Liu C, Zhong J, Wang J, Zhang L, Fan C. Fifteen-year study of environmental dredging effect on variation of nitrogen and phosphorus exchange across the sediment-water interface of an urban lake. Environ Pollut 2016; 219:639-648. [PMID: 27357484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental dredging has been applied widely in Chinese lakes to reduce their internal nutrient loads. However, the efficacy of dredging to reduce internal loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and to improve water quality has been questioned by some researchers. In this study, the long-term (∼15 years) effects of dredging to reduce internal N and P loading in a closed, polluted urban lake were investigated. The results showed that the release of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) could be suppressed quickly after dredging, and that the dredging effect was sustained for about 18 months. A significant release of NH4+-N was discovered during the first 2-8 months after dredging, followed by maintenance of low-level release rates for about 21-32 months. The continuous inflowing of external pollution loading led to the increase in the release rates of SRP and NH4+-N. The external pollution loading was therefore reduced three years after dredging to strengthen the remediation effect. After that, high diffusive flux from the sediment was observed for both NH4+-N and SRP during summer seasons for about six years, followed by a decreasing trend. The NH4+-N concentration in the overlying water was reduced after the reduction of external loading, while a high concentration of SRP in the overlying water was still observed during summer seasons. In conclusion, the mid-term (<3 years) reduction of internal N and P loading could be achieved by dredging if the external pollution loading were not reduced. Achieving long-term control would require modification of external loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
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28
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Zhu QD, Sun JH, Hua GF, Wang JH, Wang H. Runoff characteristics and non-point source pollution analysis in the Taihu Lake Basin: a case study of the town of Xueyan, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:15029-15036. [PMID: 26002368 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-point source pollution is a significant environmental issue in small watersheds in China. To study the effects of rainfall on pollutants transported by runoff, rainfall was monitored in Xueyan town in the Taihu Lake Basin (TLB) for over 12 consecutive months. The concentrations of different forms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and chemical oxygen demand, were monitored in runoff and river water across different land use types. The results indicated that pollutant loads were highly variable. Most N losses due to runoff were found around industrial areas (printing factories), while residential areas exhibited the lowest nitrogen losses through runoff. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) were the dominant forms of soluble N around printing factories and hotels, respectively. The levels of N in river water were stable prior to the generation of runoff from a rainfall event, after which they were positively correlated to rainfall intensity. In addition, three sites with different areas were selected for a case study to analyze trends in pollutant levels during two rainfall events, using the AnnAGNPS model. The modeled results generally agreed with the observed data, which suggests that AnnAGNPS can be used successfully for modeling runoff nutrient loading in this region. The conclusions of this study provide important information on controlling non-point source pollution in TLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q D Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
- Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Science, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - J H Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Science, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - G F Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Science, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - J H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
- Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
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29
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Fu KZ, Moe B, Li XF, Le XC. Cyanobacterial bloom dynamics in Lake Taihu. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 32:249-251. [PMID: 26040751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Z Fu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Birget Moe
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Xing-Fang Li
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
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30
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Li K, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhang L, Wang X. A three-dimensional water quality model to evaluate the environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus in Jiaozhou Bay, China. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 91:306-316. [PMID: 25549824 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Jiaozhou Bay has recently suffered from serious problems with pollution and eutrophication. Thus, land-based pollutant load must be reduced through a national control program. In this study, we developed a 3D water quality model to determine the environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus in Jiaozhou Bay. A 3D hydrodynamic model (the estuarine, coastal, and ocean modeling system with sediments) was coupled with a water quality model, which was adapted from the dynamic model of nitrogen and phosphorus for a mesocosm near Jiaozhou Bay. The water quality model is divided into seven components: dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphate, phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus, dissolved organic nitrogen, and dissolved organic phosphorus. Furthermore, it was calibrated based on data collected from Jiaozhou Bay in 2003. The proposed model effectively reproduced the spatiotemporal variability in nutrient concentration, thus suggesting that a reasonable numerical representation of the prototype system must be developed for further evaluation of environmental capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China; Research Vessel Centre, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China
| | - Longjun Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China
| | - Xiulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qing Dao 266100, China
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31
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Parvage MM, Ulén B, Kirchmann H. Are horse paddocks threatening water quality through excess loading of nutrients? J Environ Manage 2015; 147:306-313. [PMID: 25284798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Baltic Sea is one of the most eutrophied water bodies in northern Europe and more than 50% of its total anthropogenic waterborne phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loads derive from agricultural sources. Sweden is the second largest contributor of waterborne N and the third largest contributor of waterborne P to the Baltic Sea. Horse farms now occupy almost 10% of Swedish agricultural land, but are not well investigated with regard to their environmental impact. In this study, potential P, N and carbon (C) leaching losses were measured from two representative horse paddock topsoils (0-20 cm; a clay and a loamy sand) following simulated rainfall events in the laboratory. Results showed that the leachate concentrations and net release of P, N and dissolved organic C (DOC) from paddock topsoils were highest in feeding and excretion areas and considerably higher from the loamy sand than the clay paddock topsoil. Leaching losses of dissolved reactive P (DRP) were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with concentrations of water-soluble P and ammonium acetate lactate-extractable P (P-AL) in the soil, while leaching losses of dissolved organic P and total organic N were significantly correlated with DOC concentration in leachate. Leaching loads of P and N from paddock topsoils greatly exceeded average figures for Swedish agricultural topsoils. It was concluded that: i) horse paddocks pose a potential threat to water quality via leaching of excess P and N, ii) feeding and excretion areas are potential hotspots for highly enhanced leaching losses, and iii) paddocks established on sandy soils are particularly susceptible to high N leaching losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Masud Parvage
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Barbro Ulén
- Biogeophysics and Water Quality, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Kirchmann
- Plant Nutrition and Soil Biology, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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32
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Zhang F, Li J, He Z. A new method for nutrients removal and recovery from wastewater using a bioelectrochemical system. Bioresour Technol 2014; 166:630-634. [PMID: 24948532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients management is a key task of wastewater treatment and removal of nutrients is usually associated with significant energy/economic cost. A new bioelectrochemical system, named "R(2)-BES", was developed for removing and possibly recovering nutrients from wastewater. This R(2)-BES takes advantage of bioelectricity generation from oxidation of organic compounds to drive ammonium migration out of wastewater, and uses hydroxide ions produced from the cathode reaction as a medium to exchange phosphate ions from wastewater at the same time. Under an applied voltage of 0.8 V, the R(2)-BES removed 83.4 ± 1.3% of ammonium nitrogen and 52.4 ± 9.8% of phosphate, significantly higher than those (3.6 ± 3.7% and 21.1 ± 2.6%) under an open circuit condition. Applying an external voltage can increase current generation, COD removal, and nutrient removal. Those results demonstrate a proof of concept that the R(2)-BES may be potentially applied to remove and recover nutrients through appropriate integration into the existing treatment facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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33
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Kelly PT, He Z. Nutrients removal and recovery in bioelectrochemical systems: a review. Bioresour Technol 2014; 153:351-60. [PMID: 24388692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient removal and recovery has received less attention during the development of bioelectrochemical systems (BES) for energy efficient wastewater treatment, but it is a critical issue for sustainable wastewater treatment. Both nitrogen and phosphorus can be removed and/or recovered in a BES through involving biological processes such as nitrification and bioelectrochemical denitrification, the NH4(+)/NH3 couple affected by the electrolyte pH, or precipitating phosphorus compounds in the high-pH zone adjacent a cathode electrode. This paper has reviewed the nutrients removal and recovery in various BES including microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells, discussed the influence factors and potential problems, and identified the key challenges for nitrogen and phosphorus removal/recovery in a BES. It expects to give an informative overview of the current development, and to encourage more thinking and investigation towards further development of efficient processes for nutrient removal and recovery in a BES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T Kelly
- Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Zhen He
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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