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Amoozegar MA, Bagheri M, Didari M, Shahzedeh Fazeli SA, Schumann P, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A. Saliterribacillus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:345-351. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.041640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain X4BT, was isolated from soil around the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain X4BT were motile rods and formed ellipsoidal endospores at a terminal or subterminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain X4BT was a strictly aerobic bacterium, catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–22.5 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 7.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.0. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain X4BT is a member of the family
Bacillaceae
, constituting a novel phyletic lineage within this family. Highest sequence similarities were obtained with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of
Sediminibacillus albus
(96.0 %),
Paraliobacillus ryukyuensis
(95.9 %),
Paraliobacillus quinghaiensis
(95.8 %) and
Sediminibacillus halophilus
(95.7 %), respectively. The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was 35.2 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain X4BT were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two aminolipids, an aminophospholipid and an unknown phospholipid. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (89 %) and MK-6 (11 %). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis in combination with chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain X4BT represents a novel species in a new genus in the family
Bacillaceae
, order
Bacillales
for which the name Saliterribacillus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species (Saliterribacillus persicus) is X4BT ( = IBRC-M 10629T = KCTC 13827T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Didari
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Peter Schumann
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ – German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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102
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Didari M, Amoozegar MA, Bagheri M, Schumann P, Spröer C, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A. Alteribacillus bidgolensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake, and reclassification of
Bacillus persepolensis
as Alteribacillus persepolensis comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:2691-2697. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.034173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain P4BT, was isolated from water of the hypersaline Aran-Bidgol lake in Iran and characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain P4BT were non-motile rods producing ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in non-swollen sporangia. Strain P4BT was strictly aerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. It was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–12.5 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 5–7.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.0. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain P4BT was shown to belong to the phylum
Firmicutes
and shared highest similarity with
Bacillus persepolensis
HS136T (97.1 %) and
Bacillus salarius
BH169T (95.1 %). However, it shared only 91.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with
Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis
DSM 10T, indicating that strain P4BT might not be a member of the genus
Bacillus
. The DNA G+C content of this new isolate was 38.9 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of relatedness between strain P4BT and
B. persepolensis
HS136T (6 %). The major cellular fatty acids of strain P4BT were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, as for
B. persepolensis
HS136T but in contrast to
B. salarius
DSM 16461T and
B. subtilis subsp. subtilis
DSM 10T. Its polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, an aminoglycolipid and an unknown phospholipid. This polar lipid profile was similar to that obtained for
B. persepolensis
DSM 21632T but different from those of
B. salarius
DSM 16461T and
B. subtilis subsp. subtilis
DSM 10T. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (88 %) and MK-8 (2 %). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. All these features indicate placement of strain P4BT within the
Firmicutes
, closely related to
B. persepolensis
but with features clearly distinct from those of the genus
Bacillus
and other related genera. On the basis of these data, strain P4BT is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Alteribacillus bidgolensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Alteribacillus bidgolensis is P4BT ( = CCM 7963T = CECT 7998T = DSM 25260T = IBRC-M 10614T = KCTC 13821T). It is also suggested to transfer
B. persepolensis
to this new genus, as Alteribacillus persepolensis comb. nov. The type strain of Alteribacillus persepolensis is HS136T ( = CCM 7595T = DSM 21632T = JCM 15720T = LMG 25222T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Didari
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Schumann
- DSMZ – Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelkulturen, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cathrin Spröer
- DSMZ – Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelkulturen, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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103
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Amoozegar MA, Makhdoumi-Kakhki A, Ramezani M, Nikou MM, Fazeli SAS, Schumann P, Ventosa A. Limimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic bacterium in the family Rhodospirillaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 63:1562-1567. [PMID: 22904212 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.041236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, Gram-staining-negative, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, extremely halophilic bacterium, designated strain IA16(T), was isolated from the mud of the hypersaline Lake Aran-Bidgol, in Iran. Cells of strain IA16(T) were not motile. Growth occurred with 2.5-5.2 M NaCl (optimum 3.4 M), at pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and at 30-50 °C (optimum 40 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain IA16(T) belonged in the family Rhodospirillaceae and that its closest relatives were Rhodovibrio sodomensis DSM 9895(T) (91.6 % sequence similarity), Rhodovibrio salinarum NCIMB 2243(T) (91.2 %), Pelagibius litoralis CL-UU02(T) (88.9 %) and Fodinicurvata sediminis YIM D82(T) (88.7 %). The novel strain's major cellular fatty acids were C19 : 0 cyclo ω7c and C18 : 0 and its polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified phospholipids, three unidentified aminolipids and two other unidentified lipids. The cells of strain IA16(T) contained the ubiquinone Q-10. The G+C content of the novel strain's genomic DNA was 67.0 mol%. The physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain IA16(T) and other previously described taxa indicate that the strain represents a novel species in a new genus within the family Rhodospirillaceae, for which the name Limimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Limimonas halophila is IA16(T) ( = IBRC-M 10018(T) = DSM 25584(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre, Academic Centre for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran.,Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohadaseh Ramezani
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre, Academic Centre for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Moshtaghi Nikou
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre, Academic Centre for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Peter Schumann
- Genetic Department, Rojan Insititute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Leibniz-Institut-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Inhoffenstraße 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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104
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Amoozegar MA, Makhdoumi-Kakhki A, Shahzadeh Fazeli SA, Azarbaijani R, Ventosa A. Halopenitus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov., an archaeon from an inland salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:1932-1936. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.036921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pale pink-pigmented halophilic archaeon, strain DC30T, was isolated from Aran-Bidgol salt lake, a hypersaline playa in Iran. Cells of strain DC30T were non-motile and pleomorphic, from rods to triangular or disc-shaped. Strain DC30T required at least 1.7 M NaCl and 0.05 M MgCl2 for growth (optimum, 3 M NaCl and 0.1 M MgCl2). The optimum pH and temperature for growth of strain DC30T were pH 7.5 and 40 °C, respectively, although it was capable of growth over pH and temperature ranges of 6.5–8.5 and 25–50 °C, respectively. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain DC30T was a member of the family
Halobacteriaceae
. However, it had low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 92.4 %, 89.4 % and 89.1 % to the most closely related haloarchaeal taxa, the type species of the genera
Halorubrum
,
Halogranum
and
Haloplanus
, respectively. The DNA G+C content was 66.0 mol%. Phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, common phospholipids found in haloarchaea, were present. Three minor phospholipids and one unidentified glycolipid were also observed. The only quinone present was MK-8(II-H2). The physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain DC30T and other previously described genera of extremely halophilic archaea suggest that strain DC30T represents a novel species in a new genus within the family
Halobacteriaceae
, for which the name Halopenitus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halopenitus persicus is DC30T ( = IBRC 10041T = KCTC 4046T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
- Extremophile Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
- Extremophile Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli
- Department of Genetics, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Azarbaijani
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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105
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Makhdoumi-Kakhki A, Amoozegar MA, Ventosa A. Salinibacter iranicus sp. nov. and Salinibacter luteus sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake, and emended descriptions of the genus
Salinibacter
and of
Salinibacter ruber. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:1521-1527. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.031971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-staining-negative, red- and orange-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped, extremely halophilic bacteria, designated strains CB7T and DGOT, were isolated from Aran-Bidgol salt lake, Iran. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of between 2 and 5 M NaCl and the isolates grew optimally with 3 M NaCl. The optimum pH and temperature for growth of the two strains were pH 7.5 and 37 °C, and they were able to grow over pH and temperature ranges of pH 6–8 and 25–50 °C. The predominant fatty acids of the two isolates were C18 : 1ω7c, iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The polar lipid pattern of the two isolates consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, three unidentified lipids, one unidentified aminolipid and three unidentified glycolipids. The only quinone present was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains CB7T and DGOT were 64.8 and 65.6 mol%, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strains CB7T and DGOT were related to
Salinibacter ruber
in the phylum
Bacteroidetes
. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains CB7T and DGOT and
Salinibacter ruber
DSM 13855T were 93.2 and 93.6 %, respectively. The two novel strains shared 98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments between strains CB7T and DGOT and
Salinibacter ruber
DSM 13855T indicated levels of relatedness of 44 and 52 %, respectively, while the level of relatedness between the two new isolates was 53 %. Chemotaxonomic data supported the placement of strains CB7T and DGOT in the genus
Salinibacter
. DNA–DNA hybridization studies and biochemical and physiological characterization allowed strains CB7T and DGOT to be differentiated from
Salinibacter ruber
and from each other. They are therefore considered to represent two novel species of the genus
Salinibacter
, for which the names Salinibacter iranicus sp. nov. (type strain CB7T = IBRC-M 10036T = CGMCC 1.11003T) and Salinibacter luteus sp. nov. (type strain DGOT = IBRC-M 10423T = CGMCC 1.11002T) are proposed. Emended descriptions of the genus
Salinibacter
and of
Salinibacter ruber
are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
- Extremophile Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR Tehran, Iran
- Extremophile Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Spain
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106
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Shafiei M, Ziaee AA, Amoozegar MA. Purification and characterization of a halophilic α-amylase with increased activity in the presence of organic solvents from the moderately halophilic Nesterenkonia sp. strain F. Extremophiles 2012; 16:627-35. [PMID: 22592324 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-012-0462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An extracellular halophilic α-amylase was purified from Nesterenkonia sp. strain F using 80 % ethanol precipitation and Q-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography. The enzyme showed a single band with an apparent molecular weight of 110 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The amylase exhibited maximal activity at pH 7-7.5, being relatively stable at pH 6.5-7.5. Optimal temperature for the amylase activity and stability was 45 °C. The purified enzyme was highly active in the broad range of NaCl concentrations (0-4 M) with optimal activity at 0.25 M NaCl. The amylase was highly stable in the presence of 3-4 M NaCl. Amylase activity was not influenced by Ca²⁺, Rb⁺, Li⁺, Cs⁺, Mg²⁺ and Hg²⁺, whereas Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Al³⁺) strongly inhibited the enzyme activity. The α-amylase was inhibited by EDTA, but was not inhibited by PMSF and β-mercaptoethanol. K(m) value of the amylase for soluble starch was 6.6 mg/ml. Amylolytic activity of the enzyme was enhanced not only by 20 % of water-immiscible organic solvents but also by acetone, ethanol and chloroform. Higher concentration (50 %) of the water-miscible organic solvents had no significant effect on the amylase activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on increased activity of a microbial α-amylase in the presence of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shafiei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, P. O. Box 65355141, Ahvaz, Iran.
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107
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Parsa Yeganeh L, Azarbaijani R, Sarikhan S, Mousavi H, Ramezani M, Amoozegar MA, Shahzadeh Fazeli A, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Complete genome sequence of Oceanimonas sp. GK1, a halotolerant bacterium from Gavkhouni Wetland in Iran. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:2123-4. [PMID: 22461556 PMCID: PMC3318494 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00023-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oceanimonas sp. GK1 (IBRC-M 10197) is a marine halotolerant gammaproteobacterium which was characterized as producing large amounts of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. Here we present the whole-genome sequence of Oceanimonas sp. GK1, which consists of a single circular chromosome of 3,514,537 bp and two plasmids 8,462 and 4,245 bp in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Parsa Yeganeh
- Molecular Biology Division, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Azarbaijani
- Molecular Biology Division, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Sarikhan
- Molecular Biology Division, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mousavi
- Molecular Biology Division, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Microorganism Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli
- Molecular Biology Division, Iranian Biological Resource Center, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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108
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Ardakani MR, Poshtkouhian A, Amoozegar MA, Zolgharnein H. Isolation of moderately halophilic pseudoalteromonas producing extracellular hydrolytic enzymes from persian gulf. Indian J Microbiol 2011; 52:94-8. [PMID: 23450116 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-011-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes such as amylases, proteases, lipases and DNases have quite diverse potential usages in different areas such as food industry, biomedical sciences and chemical industries, also it would be of great importance to have available enzymes showing optimal activities at different values of salt concentrations and temperature. Halophiles are the most likely source of such enzymes, because not only their enzymes are salt-tolerant, but many are also thermotolerant. The purpose of this study was isolation of hydrolytic extracellular enzyme producing halophilic bacteria from water and sediment of the Persian Gulf. Isolated bacteria from water and sediment were inoculated in media with concentration of 0-20% NaCl to determine the optimum salt concentration for growth, isolates were also inoculated in 4 types of solid medium containing substrates of 3 extracellular hydrolytic enzymes including amylase, Protease and Lipase, to determine the quantitative detection of enzyme production, selected strains after more accurate physiological and biochemical studies were identified regarding phylogeny and molecular characteristics using 16S rRNA technique. Isolated enzyme producing bacteria belong to Pseudoalteromonas genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roayaie Ardakani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
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109
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Makhdoumi-Kakhki A, Amoozegar MA, Kazemi B, Pašić L, Ventosa A. Prokaryotic diversity in Aran-Bidgol salt lake, the largest hypersaline playa in Iran. Microbes Environ 2011; 27:87-93. [PMID: 22185719 PMCID: PMC4036037 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokaryotic diversity in Aran-Bidgol salt lake, a thalasohaline lake in Iran, was studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), cultivation techniques, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified fragments of 16S rRNA genes and 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. Viable counts obtained (2.5-4 × 10(6) cells mL(-1)) were similar to total cell abundance in the lake determined by DAPI direct count (3-4×10(7) cells mL(-1)). The proportion of Bacteria to Archaea in the community detectable by FISH was unexpectedly high and ranged between 1:3 and 1:2. We analyzed 101 archaeal isolates and found that most belonged to the genera Halorubrum (55%) and Haloarcula (18%). Eleven bacterial isolates obtained in pure culture were affiliated with the genera Salinibacter (18.7%), Salicola (18.7%) and Rhodovibrio (35.3%). Analysis of inserts of 100 clones from the eight 16S rRNA clone libraries constructed revealed 37 OTUs. The majority (63%) of these sequences were not related to any previously identified taxa. Within this sampling effort we most frequently retrieved phylotypes related to Halorhabdus (16% of archaeal sequences obtained) and Salinibacter (36% of bacterial sequences obtained). Other prokaryotic groups that were abundant included representatives of Haloquadratum, the anaerobic genera Halanaerobium and Halocella, purple sulfur bacteria of the genus Halorhodospira and Cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki
- Extremophile Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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110
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Dastgheib SMM, Amoozegar MA, Khajeh K, Shavandi M, Ventosa A. Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a halophilic microbial consortium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 95:789-98. [PMID: 22086071 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the phenanthrene degradation by a halophilic consortium obtained from a saline soil sample. This consortium, named Qphe, could efficiently utilize phenanthrene in a wide range of NaCl concentrations, from 1% to 17% (w/v). Since none of the purified isolates could degrade phenanthrene, serial dilutions were performed and resulted in a simple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading culture named Qphe-SubIV which was shown to contain one culturable Halomonas strain and one unculturable strain belonging to the genus Marinobacter. Qphe-SubIV was shown to grow on phenanthrene at salinities as high as 15% NaCl (w/v) and similarly to Qphe, at the optimal NaCl concentration of 5% (w/v), could degrade more than 90% of the amended phenanthrene in 6 days. The comparison of the substrate range of the two consortiums showed that the simplified culture had lost the ability to degrade chrysene but still could grow on other polyaromatic substrates utilized by Qphe. Metabolite analysis by HPLC and GC-MS showed that 2-hydroxy 1-naphthoic acid and 2-naphthol were among the major metabolites accumulated in the Qphe-SubIV culture media, indicating that an initial dioxygenation step might proceed at C1 and C2 positions. By investigating the growth ability on various substrates along with the detection of catechol dioxygenase gene, it was postulated that the uncultured Marinobacter strain had the central role in phenanthrene degradation and the Halomonas strain played an auxiliary role in the culture by utilizing phenanthrene metabolites whose accumulation in the media could be toxic.
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Amoozegar MA, Khoshnoodi M, Didari M, Hamedi J, Ventosa A, Baldwin SA. Tellurite removal by a tellurium-tolerant halophilic bacterial strain, Thermoactinomyces sp. QS-2006. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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112
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Bagheri M, Didari M, Amoozegar MA, Schumann P, Sánchez-Porro C, Mehrshad M, Ventosa A. Bacillus iranensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 62:811-816. [PMID: 21571930 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.030874-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic rod, designated X5BT, was isolated from saline mud of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Strain X5BT was a strictly aerobic, motile bacterium that produced ellipsoidal endospores at a central-subterminal position in non-swollen sporangia. The isolate grew at pH 7.0-10.0 (optimum pH 7.5), at 25-45 °C (optimum 35 °C) and with 2.5-15 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 5-7.5 %). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain X5BT belonged to the genus Bacillus and showed highest similarity with Bacillus persepolensis HS136T (95.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Bacillus salarius BH169T (95.5 %). The DNA G+C content was 42.4 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C15:0 and the polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three phospholipids and two glycolipids. The diamino acid found in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid and the isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (92 %), MK-6 (6 %) and MK-5 (2 %). On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, a novel species of the genus Bacillus is proposed, with the name Bacillus iranensis sp. nov. The type strain is X5BT (=IBRC 10446T=DSM 23995T).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bagheri
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Teheran, Iran
| | - M Didari
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Teheran, Iran
| | - M A Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Schumann
- DSMZ-German Collection of Micro-organisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 3814 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Mehrshad
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Teheran, Iran
| | - A Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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113
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Shafiei M, Ziaee AA, Amoozegar MA. Purification and characterization of an organic-solvent-tolerant halophilic α-amylase from the moderately halophilic Nesterenkonia sp. strain F. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 38:275-81. [PMID: 20593298 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A halophilic α-amylase produced by Nesterenkonia sp. strain F was purified to homogeneity by 80% ethanol precipitation, Q-Sepharose anion exchange, and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration chromatography. The purified amylase exhibited specific activity of 357 unit/mg protein that corresponds to twofold purification. The molecular mass of the amylase was determined to be 57 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and gel filtration chromatography. The optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 6.5 and 45°C, respectively. The amylase was active over a wide range of salt concentrations (0-4 M) with maximum activity at 0.75-1 M NaCl. The α-amylase activity was stimulated by Ca(2+) and inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), suggesting that this enzyme is a metalloenzyme. The purified enzyme showed remarkable stability towards surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, and Triton X-100), and its activity was increased by β-mercaptoethanol. The halophilic α-amylase was stable in the presence of various organic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, toluene, and cyclohexane. These properties indicate wide potential applications of this α-amylase in starch-processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shafiei
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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114
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Shafiei M, Ziaee AA, Amoozegar MA. Purification and biochemical characterization of a novel SDS and surfactant stable, raw starch digesting, and halophilic α-amylase from a moderately halophilic bacterium, Nesterenkonia sp. strain F. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kabiri M, Amoozegar MA, Tabebordbar M, Gilany K, Salekdeh GH. Effects of selenite and tellurite on growth, physiology, and proteome of a moderately halophilic bacterium. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:3098-108. [PMID: 19334765 DOI: 10.1021/pr900005h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We isolated a moderately halophilic bacterium with high level of tolerance to two toxic oxyanions, selenite and tellurite, from hypersaline soil in Garmsar, Iran. 16s rRNA sequence analysis revealed that the isolate, strain MAM, had 98% similarity with Halomonas elongate, and is closely related to other species of the genus Halomonas. We observed that the tolerance to tellurite and its removal increased significantly when both selenite and tellurite were added to the culture media, suggesting a positive synergism of selenite on tellurite tolerance and removal. We applied a proteomic approach to study the proteome response of Halomonas sp. strain MAM to selenite, tellurite, and selenite + tellurite. Out of approximately 800 protein spots detected on 2-DE gels, 208 spots were differentially expressed in response to at least one of treatments. Of them, 70 CBB stained spots were analyzed by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, leading to identification of 36 proteins. Our results revealed that several mechanisms including fatty acid synthesis, energy production, cell transport, oxidative stress detoxification, DNA replication, transcription and translation contributed in bacterial response and/or adaptation. These results provided new insights into the general mechanisms on the tolerance of halophilic bacteria to these two toxic oxyanions and the use of them for bioremediation of contaminated saline soils and wastes discharge sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Kabiri
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
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116
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Sánchez-Porro C, Amoozegar MA, Fernandez AB, Babavalian Fard H, Ramezani M, Ventosa A. Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species isolated from a saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 60:1407-1412. [PMID: 19671718 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.015396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain Amb31(T), was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells were rods, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in swollen sporangia. Strain Amb31(T) was facultatively anaerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain grew in a complex medium supplemented with 3-25 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 7.5-10 %). Optimal growth was at 30-35 degrees C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain Amb31(T) belonged to the genus Lentibacillus; it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8 and 96.4 % to Lentibacillus salicampi SF-20(T) and Lentibacillus salinarum AHS-1(T), respectively, and values of 95.9-94.7 % to the type strains of other recognized species of Lentibacillus. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain Amb31(T) was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 was the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0) (44.7 %), iso-C(16 : 0) (21.4 %) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) (15.9 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, five phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. All these features confirmed the placement of strain Amb31(T) within the genus Lentibacillus and the strain could be clearly differentiated from strains of the other species of Lentibacillus on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. DNA-DNA relatedness with the type strain of the most closely related strain, L. salicampi DSM 16425(T), was 28 %. Therefore, strain Amb31(T) represents a novel species of the genus Lentibacillus, for which the name Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Amb31(T) (=CCM 7683(T) =CECT 7524(T) =DSM 22530(T) =LMG 25304(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M A Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A B Fernandez
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - H Babavalian Fard
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ramezani
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Sanchez-Porro C, Amoozegar MA, Rohban R, Hajighasemi M, Ventosa A. Thalassobacillus cyri sp. nov., a moderately halophilic Gram-positive bacterium from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2565-70. [PMID: 19622638 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.010488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain HS286(T), was isolated from water of the hypersaline Lake Howz-Soltan in Iran. Cells were strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central-subterminal position in swollen sporangia. Isolate HS286(T) grew in a complex medium supplemented with 1-15 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 8.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain HS286(T) was closely related to Thalassobacillus devorans G-19.1(T) (99.4 % gene sequence similarity). The other closest species were Halobacillus yeomjeoni MSS-402(T) (96.9 %) and other species of the genus Halobacillus (with 96.7-93.5 % similarity). Strain HS286(T) had cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 as the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0) (43.8 %), iso-C(16 : 0) (21.4 %), iso-C(14 : 0) (9.4 %), anteiso-C(17 : 0) (8.7 %) and iso-C(15 : 0) (7.0 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 43.0 mol%. All of these features confirmed the placement of isolate HS286(T) within the genus Thalassobacillus. However DNA-DNA hybridization between strain HS286(T) and the only recognized species of the genus Thalassobacillus, T. devorans G-19.1(T), was 27.3 %, showing unequivocally that the novel isolate constituted a new genospecies. Strain HS286(T) could be clearly differentiated from T. devorans and other phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, strain HS286(T) constitutes a novel species, for which the name Thalassobacillus cyri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS286(T) (=CCM 7597(T)=JCM 15722(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sanchez-Porro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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118
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Ghadam P, Shariatian N, Amoozegar MA, Rabbani A, Shahriari SH. Assaying the presence of histone-like protein HU in Halobacillus karajensis. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 10:3380-4. [PMID: 19090154 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.3380.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Histone-Like Proteins (HLPs) in bacteria are small basic proteins that contribute to the control of gene expression, recombination, DNA replication and compressing the bacterial DNA in the nucleoid. Among the HLPs, HU protein as a dimer plays an important role in binding to DNA and bending it. In this study, we showed that a 9.5-10 kDa protein with the same electrophoretic mobility as HU exists in Halobacillus karajensis which is a novel gram positive moderate halophile bacterium that was recently isolated from surface saline soil of the Karaj Region, Iran. The genes encoding HU protein were also assayed during this study by Polymerase Chain Reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alzahra, P.O. Box 19935-514, Tehran, Iran
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119
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Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Amoozegar MA, Hajighasemi M, Ziaee AA, Ventosa A. Production, optimization and purification of a novel extracellular protease from the moderately halophilic bacterium Halobacillus karajensis. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 36:21-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0466-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 08/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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120
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Amoozegar MA, Salehghamari E, Khajeh K, Kabiri M, Naddaf S. Production of an extracellular thermohalophilic lipase from a moderately halophilic bacterium, Salinivibrio sp. strain SA-2. J Basic Microbiol 2008; 48:160-7. [PMID: 18506896 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200700361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fifty strains of moderately halophilic bacteria were isolated from various salty environments in Iran. A strain designated as SA-2 was shown to be the best producer of extracellular lipase and was selected for further studies. Biochemical and physiological characterization along with 16S rDNA sequence analysis placed SA-2 in the genus Salinivibrio. The optimum salt, pH, temperature and aeration for enzyme production were 0.1 M KCl, pH 8, 35 degrees C and 150 rpm, respectively. The enzyme production was synchronized bacterial growth and reached a maximum level during the early-stationary phase in the basal medium containing 1 M NaCl. Triacylglycerols enhanced lipase production, while carbohydrates had inhibitory effects on it. The maximum lipase activity was obtained at pH 7.5, 50 degrees C and CaCl(2) concentration of 0.01 M. The enzyme was stable at pH range of 7.5-8 and retained 90% of its activity at 80 degrees C for 30 min. Different concentrations of NaNO(3), Na(2)SO(4), KCl and NaCl had no affect on lipase stability for 3 h. These results suggest that the lipase secreted by Salinivibrio sp. strain SA-2 is industrially important from the perspective of its tolerance to a broad temperature range, its moderate thermoactivity and its high tolerance to a wide range of salt concentrations (0-3 M NaCl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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121
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Amoozegar MA, Schumann P, Hajighasemi M, Fatemi AZ, Karbalaei-Heidari HR. Salinivibrio proteolyticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and proteolytic species from a hypersaline lake in Iran. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1159-63. [PMID: 18450706 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel moderately halophilic, Gram-negative, curved-rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain AF-2004T, was isolated from Bakhtegan Lake, a hypersaline lake with 17 % (w/v) total salt located in the southern region of Iran. Strain AF-2004T was a facultative anaerobe, motile by one polar flagellum, non-sporulating and oxidase- and catalase-positive. It grew at salinities of 1-17 % (w/v) NaCl, showing optimal growth at 5 % (w/v). Growth occurred at 10.0-45.0 degrees C and pH 5.0-9.5, with optimum growth at 32.0-35.0 degrees C and pH 8.0-8.5. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain AF-2004T is a member of the genus Salinivibrio. Strain AF-2004T had C18 : 1omega7c (31.6 %), C16 : 1omega7c (22.1 %) and C16 : 0 (20.7 %) as the predominant fatty acids and Q-8 as the major respiratory lipoquinone. The DNA G+C content was 49.5 mol%, which is in the range of values for members of the genus Salinivibrio. On the basis of differentiation from Salinivibrio costicola by phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA sequence analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness, it is proposed that strain AF-2004T (=DSM 19052T =CIP 109598T) should be placed in the genus Salinivibrio as the type strain of a novel species, Salinivibrio proteolyticus sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Lab., Dept of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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122
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Amoozegar MA, Ashengroph M, Malekzadeh F, Reza Razavi M, Naddaf S, Kabiri M. Isolation and initial characterization of the tellurite reducing moderately halophilic bacterium, Salinicoccus sp. strain QW6. Microbiol Res 2008; 163:456-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2006] [Revised: 07/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Amoozegar MA, Schumann P, Hajighasemi M, Ashengroph M, Razavi MR. Salinicoccus iranensis sp. nov., a novel moderate halophile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:178-83. [PMID: 18175706 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterium, designated strain QW6(T), was isolated from textile industry wastewater in Qom, Iran. Strain QW6(T) was strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-sporulating and oxidase- and catalase-positive. It grew at salinities of 1-25% (w/v) NaCl, showing optimal growth at 7.5-10.0% (w/v). Growth occurred at 5.0-45.0 degrees C and over the pH range 6.5-10.0; growth was optimal at 35 degrees C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain QW6(T) is a member of the genus Salinicoccus. The organism possessed Lys- and Gly-containing peptidoglycan. Strain QW6(T) had iso-C(15:0) and anteiso-C(15:0) as the predominant fatty acids and MK-6 as the major respiratory lipoquinone. The chemotaxonomic profile of this organism was consistent with its classification in the genus Salinicoccus. The DNA G+C content of strain QW6(T) was 54.4 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness of less than 50% to species of the genus Salinicoccus, it is proposed that strain QW6(T) (=DSM 18903(T)=CCM 7448(T)) should be placed in the genus Salinicoccus as the type strain of a novel species, Salinicoccus iranensis sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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124
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Dastgheib SMM, Amoozegar MA, Elahi E, Asad S, Banat IM. Bioemulsifier production by a halothermophilic Bacillus strain with potential applications in microbially enhanced oil recovery. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:263-70. [PMID: 17876532 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A halothermotolerant Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium was isolated from petroleum reservoirs in Iran and identified as Bacillus licheniformis sp. strain ACO1 by phenotypic characterization and 16S rRNA analysis. It showed a high capacity for bioemulsifier production and grew up to 60 degrees C with NaCl at 180 g l(-1). The optimum NaCl concentration, pH and temperature for bioemulsifier production were 4% (w/v), 8.0, and 45 degrees C, respectively. Although ACO1 did not utilize hydrocarbons, it had a high emulsifying activity (E (24) = 65 +/- 5%) on different hydrophobic substrates. Emulsification was optimal while growing on yeast extract as the sole carbon source and NaNO(3) as the nitrogen source. The efficiency of the residual oil recovery increased by 22% after in situ growth of B. licheniformis ACO1 in a sand-pack model saturated with liquid paraffin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M M Dastgheib
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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125
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Ali Amoozegar M, Zahra Fatemi A, Reza Karbalaei-Heidari H, Reza Razavi M. Production of an extracellular alkaline metalloprotease from a newly isolated, moderately halophile, Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004. Microbiol Res 2007; 162:369-77. [PMID: 16638631 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An extracellular protease was produced under stress conditions of high temperature and high salinity by a newly isolated moderate halophile, Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 in a basal medium containing peptone, beef extract, glucose and NaCl. A modification of Kunitz method was used for protease assay. The isolate was capable of producing protease in the presence of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium chloride, sodium acetate and sodium citrate. The maximum protease was secreted in the presence of 7.5 to 10% (w/v) sodium sulfate or 3% (w/v) sodium acetate (4.6 U ml(-1)). Various carbon sources including glucose, lactose, casein and peptone were capable of inducing enzyme production. The optimum pH, temperature and aeration for enzyme production were 9.0, 32 degrees C and 220 rpm, respectively. The enzyme production corresponded with growth and reached a maximum level during the mid-stationary phase. Maximum protease activity was exhibited in the medium containing 1% (w/v) NaCl at 60 degrees C, with 18% and 41% activity reductions at temperature 50 and 70 degrees C, respectively. The optimum pH for enzyme activity was 8.5, with 86% and 75% residual activities at pH 10 and 6, respectively. The activity of enzyme was inhibited by EDTA. These results suggest that the protease secreted by Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 is industrially important from the perspectives of its activity at a broad pH ranges (5.0-10.0), its moderate thermoactivity in addition to its high tolerance to a wide range of salt concentration (0-10% NaCl).
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis
- Carbon/metabolism
- Culture Media/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Enzyme Stability
- Genes, rRNA
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Metalloproteases/biosynthesis
- Metalloproteases/chemistry
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Potassium Chloride/metabolism
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Sodium Compounds/metabolism
- Temperature
- Vibrionaceae/classification
- Vibrionaceae/enzymology
- Vibrionaceae/growth & development
- Vibrionaceae/isolation & purification
- Water Microbiology
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126
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Asad S, Amoozegar MA, Pourbabaee AA, Sarbolouki MN, Dastgheib SMM. Decolorization of textile azo dyes by newly isolated halophilic and halotolerant bacteria. Bioresour Technol 2007; 98:2082-8. [PMID: 17055263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Revised: 08/14/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies were carried out on the decolorization of textile azo dyes by newly isolated halophilic and halotolerant bacteria. Among the 27 strains of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria isolated from effluents of textile industries, three showed remarkable ability in decolorizing the widely utilized azo dyes. Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence comparisons indicate that these strains belonged to the genus Halomonas. The three strains were able to decolorize azo dyes in a wide range of NaCl concentration (up to 20%w/v), temperature (25-40 degrees C), and pH (5-11) after 4 days of incubation in static culture. They could decolorize the mixture of dyes as well as pure dyes. These strains also readily grew in and decolorized the high concentrations of dye (5000 ppm) and could tolerate up to 10,000 ppm of the dye. UV-Vis analyses before and after decolorization and the colorless bacterial biomass after decolorization suggested that decolorization was due to biodegradation, rather than inactive surface adsorption. Analytical studies based on HPLC showed that the principal decolorization was reduction of the azo bond, followed by cleavage of the reduced bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Asad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Ziaee AA, Amoozegar MA. Purification and biochemical characterization of a protease secreted by the Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 and its behavior in organic solvents. Extremophiles 2006; 11:237-43. [PMID: 17072685 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-006-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A metalloprotease secreted by the moderately halophilic bacterium Salinivibrio sp. strain AF-2004 when the culture reached the stationary growth phase. This enzyme was purified to homogeneity by acetone precipitation and subsequent Q-Sepharose anion exchange and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration chromatography. The apparent molecular mass of the protease was 31 kDa by SDS-PAGE, whereas it was estimated as approximately 29 kDa by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. The purified protease had a specific activity of 116.8 mumol of tyrosine/min per mg protein on casein. The optimum temperature and salinity of the enzyme were at 55 degrees C and 0-0.5 M NaCl, although at salinities up to 4 M NaCl activity still remained. The protease was stable and had a broad pH profile (5.0-10.0) with an optimum of 8.5 for casein hydrolysis. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by phenylmethyl sulfonylfluoride (PMSF), Pefabloc SC, chymostatin and also EDTA, indicating that it belongs to the class of serine metalloproteases. The protease in solutions containing water-soluble organic solvents or alcohols was more stable than that in the absence of organic solvents. These characteristics make it an ideal choice for applications in industrial processes containing organic solvents and/or salts.
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Abstract
A moderately halophilic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium was isolated from surface saline soil of the Karaj region, Iran. The strain, designated MA-2T, was strictly aerobic with rod-shaped cells that occurred singly, in pairs or short chains. It contained L-Om-D-Asp-type peptidoglycan and the major respiratory lipoquinone was MK-7. It was non-motile and had an ellipsoidal endospore located centrally or subterminally. Growth occurred at 10-49 degrees C and in the pH range 6.0-9.6. Strain MA-2T grew at salinities of 1-24% (w/v) NaCl, showing optimal growth at 10% (w/v). The DNA G + C content was 41.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MA-2T was associated with Bacillus rRNA group 1. The micro-organisms showing the closest phylogenetic relationship to strain MA-2T were Halobacillus litoralis and Halobacillus trueperi. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA similarity data, it is proposed that strain MA-2T (= DSM 14948T = LMG 21515T) should be placed in the genus Halobacillus as the type strain of a novel species, Halobacillus karajensis sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Amoozegar
- Department of Biology (Microbiology Unit), Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Malekzadeh
- Department of Biology (Microbiology Unit), Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - K A Malik
- DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - P Schumann
- DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Spröer
- DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Abstract
Production of extracellular amylase was demonstrated under stress conditions of high temperature and high salinity in aerobically cultivated culture of a newly isolated moderately halophilic bacterium of spore-forming Halobacillus sp. strain MA-2 in medium containing starch, peptone, beef extract, and NaCl. The maximum amylase production was secreted in the presence of 15% (w/v) Na(2)SO(4) (3.2 U ml(-1)). The isolate was capable of producing amylase in the presence of NaCl, NaCH(3)COOH, or KCl, with the results NaCl>NaCH(3)COOH>KCl. Maximum amylase activity was exhibited in the medium containing 5% (w/v) NaCl (2.4 U ml(-1)). Various carbon sources induced enzyme production. The potential of different carbohydrates in the amylase production was in the order: dextrin>starch>maltose>lactose>glucose>sucrose. In the presence of sodium arsenate (100 mM), maximum production of the enzyme was observed at 3.0 U ml(-1). Copper sulfate (0.1 mM) decreased the amylase production considerately, while lead nitrate had no significant enhancement on amylase production (p<0.05). The pH, temperature, and aeration optima for enzyme production were 7.8, 30 degrees C, and 200 rpm, respectively, while the optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity was 7.5-8.5 and 50 degrees C, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Amoozegar
- Department of Biology (Microbiology Unit), Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Iran
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