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Peters S, Tabernero J, Cervantes A, Banerjee S, Giuliani R, Lordick F. ESMO pays tribute to Professor José Baselga. IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 9:100027. [PMID: 35756863 PMCID: PMC9216315 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2021.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Smyth EC, Gambardella V, Cervantes A, Fleitas T. Checkpoint inhibitors for gastroesophageal cancers: dissecting heterogeneity to better understand their role in first-line and adjuvant therapy. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:590-599. [PMID: 33609722 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) and squamous esophageal cancer (ESCC) are responsible for >1 million deaths annually globally. Until now, patients with metastatic GEA and ESCC could anticipate survival of <1 year. Anti- programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) monotherapy has demonstrated modest efficacy in previously treated GEA and ESCC. In 2020, four pivotal trials have established anti-PD-1 therapy as a new standard of care for selected GEA and ESCC patients as first-line advanced and adjuvant therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent results of the CheckMate 649, ATTRACTION-4, KEYNOTE-590 and CheckMate 577 trials. We consider these results in the context of current standards of care and historical trials of immune checkpoint blockade in GEA and ESCC. We explore biomarker selection for anti-PD-1 therapy and appraise the future of combination therapies. In CheckMate 649, treatment with oxaliplatin-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy plus nivolumab in patients with combined positive score ≥5 GEA tumors provided a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in overall survival. The ATTRACTION-4 trial did not see a similar overall survival benefit, despite a clear improvement in progression-free survival. We review potential explanations for this result. KEYNOTE-590 showed profoundly improved survival when pembrolizumab was added to cisplatin-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy in ESCC patients with combined positive score ≥10 tumors; this benefit was less convincing in unselected ESCC. Finally, CheckMate 577 provides proof-of-concept for the improvement in disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab in high-risk resected GEA and ESCC following trimodality therapy. Immune checkpoint blockade has come of age in GEA and ESCC, and will now be integrated into first-line and earlier lines of therapy, providing benefit for a larger proportion of patients. Biomarker standardization will be critical to select the patients most likely to benefit from treatment. For patients with immune evasive tumors, novel combinations under development show promise; however, global trials are needed.
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Gambardella V, Ibarrola-Villaba M, Tarazona N, Cervantes A. In the literature: December 2020. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100009. [PMID: 33399075 PMCID: PMC7808058 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Curigliano G, Banerjee S, Cervantes A, Garassino MC, Garrido P, Girard N, Haanen J, Jordan K, Lordick F, Machiels JP, Michielin O, Peters S, Tabernero J, Douillard JY, Pentheroudakis G. Managing cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: an ESMO multidisciplinary expert consensus. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1320-1335. [PMID: 32745693 PMCID: PMC7836806 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We established an international consortium to review and discuss relevant clinical evidence in order to develop expert consensus statements related to cancer management during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The steering committee prepared 10 working packages addressing significant clinical questions from diagnosis to surgery. During a virtual consensus meeting of 62 global experts and one patient advocate, led by the European Society for Medical Oncology, statements were discussed, amended and voted upon. When consensus could not be reached, the panel revised statements until a consensus was reached. Overall, the expert panel agreed on 28 consensus statements that can be used to overcome many of the clinical and technical areas of uncertainty ranging from diagnosis to therapeutic planning and treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Stradella A, Johnson M, Goel S, Chandana S, Galsky M, Calvo E, Moreno V, Park H, Arkenau T, Cervantes A, Fariñas-Madrid L, Mileshkin L, Fu S, Plummer R, Evans J, Horvath L, Prawira A, Qu K, Pelham R, Barve M. 530MO Clinical benefit in biomarker-positive patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumours treated with the PARP1/2 inhibitor pamiparib in combination with low-dose (LD) temozolomide (TMZ). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Henriksen T, Tarazona N, Reinert T, Carbonell-Asins J, Roda D, Huerta M, Roselló S, Madsen A, Iversen L, Gotschalck K, Sharma S, Wu HT, Shchegrova S, Tin A, Sethi H, Zimmermann B, Aleshin A, Andersen C, Cervantes A. 420P Minimal residual disease detection and tracking tumour evolution using ctDNA in stage I-III colorectal cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Gambardella V, Gimeno-Valiente F, Cabeza M, Papaccio F, Zúñiga-Trejos S, Carbonell-Asins J, Rentero-Garrido P, Huerta M, Roselló Keränen S, Cejalvo J, Roda D, Tarazona N, Fleitas T, Cervantes A, Castillo J. 1493P An integrated analysis of gene expression profile and chromosomal aberrations highlighted the oxidative stress role in anti-HER2 drug-resistant gastric cancer models. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Roselló Keränen S, Pizzo C, Huerta M, Muñoz E, Alfaro-Cervello C, Aliaga R, Vera A, Jordá E, Garcés M, Roda D, Tarazona N, Dorcaratto D, Guijarro J, Sánchiz V, Fleitas T, Lluch P, Pascual I, Ferrandez A, Cervantes A, Sabater L. 1565P Clinical outcome after perioperative treatment on locally advanced and borderline pancreatic cancer: Experience of a single academic center. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Cabeza M, Gambardella V, Alarcón L, Herrera G, Garzón-Lloría Z, Martínez-Ciarpaglini C, Carbonell-Asíns J, Villagrasa R, Navarro P, Gil M, Richart P, López F, Fernández M, Huerta M, Cervantes A, Castillo J, Fleitas T. 1480P M2 macrophages could promote an immunosuppressive phenotype in a prospective cohort of advanced gastric cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Cabeza M, Papaccio F, Gutierrez Bravo M, Gambardella V, Alfaro-Cervello C, Martínez-Ciarpaglini C, Garzón-Lloría Z, Rentero-Garrido P, Zúñiga-Trejos S, Seda-García E, Gimeno-Valiente F, Peña A, Barrios M, Tarazona N, Roda D, Cervantes A, Fleitas T, Castillo J. 1471P 3D patient-derived gastric cancer organoids as a tool for functional precision medicine for gastric cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Martinez M, Ortega B, Simon S, Moragon S, Navarro J, Sanmartin A, Lluch A, Cervantes A, Chirivella Gonzalez I. 1595P Connecting primary care with oncology through the implementation a cancer fast-track program: Reducing time from initial symptoms to diagnosis and initiation of treatment. A ten-year assessment. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Bravo MG, Papaccio F, Cabeza M, Martínez-Ciarpaglini C, Alfaro-Cervello C, Garzón-Lloría Z, Ferrer-Martínez A, García-Micó B, Gambardella V, Rentero-Garrido P, Fleitas T, Moro-Valdezate D, Huerta M, Tarazona N, Roda D, Cervantes A, Castillo J. 488P Patient-derived organoids as a tool for modelling localized colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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63
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Papaccio F, Bravo MG, Cabeza-Segura M, Gimeno-Valiente F, Gambardella V, Garzón-Lloría Z, García-Micó B, Huerta M, Martínez-Ciarpaglini C, Alfaro-Cervello C, Sabater L, Lombardi P, Rentero-Garrido P, Zúñiga-Trejos S, Keränen SR, Fleitas T, Tarazona N, Roda D, Cervantes A, Castillo J. 490P Metastatic colorectal cancer derived organoids recapitulate genomic profile and treatment response of the original tumor. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Perez-Leal M, Perez Fidalgo J, Sanz C, Poveda J, Milara J, Martinez P, Cervantes A, Cortijo J. 1820P Taxane-related skin toxicity: Analysis of an in vivo and 3D in vitro model study of the impact of paclitaxel on skin. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Lombardi P, Gambardella V, Tarazona N, Carbonell-Asins J, Martín-Arana J, Rentero-Garrido P, Montón-Bueno J, Gonzalez-Barrallo I, Bruixola G, Cejalvo J, Martín-Martorell P, Tébar-Martínez R, Blesa S, Seda E, Pérez-Fidalgo J, Insa Mollá A, Fleitas T, Zúñiga-Trejos S, Cervantes A, Roda D. 1201P The role of a mini tumour mutational burden (TMB) score generated with a customized NGS panel to predict benefit from immunotherapy. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Tarazona N, Roda D, Roselló S, Huerta M, Cervantes A. New guidelines for optimal patient care with localized colon cancer: recommending what is proven, but also watching what research is bringing. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1287-1288. [PMID: 32710931 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Yoshino T, Pentheroudakis G, Mishima S, Overman MJ, Yeh KH, Baba E, Naito Y, Calvo F, Saxena A, Chen LT, Takeda M, Cervantes A, Taniguchi H, Yoshida K, Kodera Y, Kitagawa Y, Tabernero J, Burris H, Douillard JY. JSCO-ESMO-ASCO-JSMO-TOS: international expert consensus recommendations for tumour-agnostic treatments in patients with solid tumours with microsatellite instability or NTRK fusions. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:861-872. [PMID: 32272210 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO)-hosted expert meeting was held in Japan on 27 October 2019, which comprised experts from the JSCO, the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO), the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and the Taiwan Oncology Society (TOS). The purpose of the meeting was to focus on what we have learnt from both microsatellite instability (MSI)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) biomarkers in predicting the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy, and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions in predicting the efficacy of inhibitors of the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) proteins across a range of solid tumour types. The recent regulatory approvals of the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab and the TRK inhibitors larotrectinib and entrectinib, based on specific tumour biomarkers rather than specific tumour type, have heralded a paradigm shift in cancer treatment approaches. The purpose of the meeting was to develop international expert consensus recommendations on the use of such tumour-agnostic treatments in patients with solid tumours. The aim was to generate a reference document for clinical practice, for pharmaceutical companies in the design of clinical trials, for ethics committees in the approval of clinical trial protocols and for regulatory authorities in relation to drug approvals, with a particular emphasis on diagnostic testing and patient selection.
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Lordick F, Orra EB, Cervantes A, Dayyani F, Rocha-Lima C, Greil R, Laarhoven HV, Lorenzen S, Kischel R, Shitara K, Chao J. P-76 A phase 1 study of AMG 199, a half-life extended bispecific T-cell engager (HLE BiTE®) immune therapy, targeting MUC17 in patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Roda D, Roselló S, Huerta M, Cervantes A. Trifluridine/tipiracil in earlier lines of chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1097-1098. [PMID: 32544547 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Gambardella V, Fleitas T, Tarazona N, Cejalvo JM, Gimeno-Valiente F, Martinez-Ciarpaglini C, Huerta M, Roselló S, Castillo J, Roda D, Cervantes A. Towards precision oncology for HER2 blockade in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1254-1264. [PMID: 31046106 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) represents a very heterogeneous disease and patients in advanced stages have a very poor prognosis. Although several molecular classifications have been proposed, precision medicine for HER2-amplified GEA patients still represents a challenge. Despite improvement in clinical outcomes obtained by adding trastuzumab to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, no other anti-HER2 agents used first-line or beyond progression have demonstrated any benefit. Several factors contribute to this failure. Among them, variable HER2 amplification assessment, tumour heterogeneity, molecular mechanisms of resistance and microenvironmental factors could limit the effectiveness of anti-HER2 blockade. Identifying the factors responsible for both primary and acquired resistance is a priority for providing an improved, personalised approach. In this review, we examine current treatments for HER2-amplified GEA, their potential mechanisms of resistance and the ways to overcome them, investigating the most relevant translational studies with anti-HER2 agents in GEA, as well as novel agents under development in this field.
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Gambardella V, Castillo J, Tarazona N, Gimeno-Valiente F, Martínez-Ciarpaglini C, Cabeza-Segura M, Roselló S, Roda D, Huerta M, Cervantes A, Fleitas T. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer development and their potential as a therapeutic target. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 86:102015. [PMID: 32248000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) represents the fifth cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Molecular biology has become a central area of research in GC and there are currently at least three major classifications available to elucidate the mechanisms that drive GC oncogenesis. Further, tumor microenvironment seems to play a crucial role, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are emerging as key players in GC development. TAMs are cells derived from circulating chemokine- receptor-type 2 (CCR2) inflammatory monocytes in blood and can be divided into two main types, M1 and M2 TAMs. M2 TAMs play an important role in tumor progression, promoting a pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive signal in the tumor. The diffuse GC subtype, in particular, seems to be strongly characterized by an immuno-suppressive and pro-angiogenic phenotype. No molecular targets in this subgroup have yet been identified. There is an urgent need to understand the molecular pathways and tumor microenvironment features in the GC molecular subtypes. The role of anti-angiogenics and checkpoint inhibitors has recently been clinically validated in GC. Both ramucirumab, a fully humanized IgG1 monoclonal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) antibody, and checkpoint inhibitors in Epstein Bar Virus (EBV) and Microsatellite Instable (MSI) subtypes, have proved beneficial in advanced GC. Nevertheless, there is a need to identify predictive markers of response to anti-angiogenics and immunotherapy in clinical practice for a personalized treatment approach. The importance of M2 TAMs in development of solid tumors is currently gaining increasing interest. In this literature review we analyze immune microenvironment composition and signaling related to M1 and M2 TAMs in GC as well as its potential role as a therapeutic target.
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Chen LT, Martinelli E, Cheng AL, Pentheroudakis G, Qin S, Bhattacharyya GS, Ikeda M, Lim HY, Ho GF, Choo SP, Ren Z, Malhotra H, Ueno M, Ryoo BY, Kiang TC, Tai D, Vogel A, Cervantes A, Lu SN, Yen CJ, Huang YH, Chen SC, Hsu C, Shen YC, Tabernero J, Yen Y, Hsu CH, Yoshino T, Douillard JY. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with intermediate and advanced/relapsed hepatocellular carcinoma: a TOS-ESMO initiative endorsed by CSCO, ISMPO, JSMO, KSMO, MOS and SSO. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:334-351. [PMID: 32067677 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was published in 2018, and covered the diagnosis, management, treatment and follow-up of early, intermediate and advanced disease. At the ESMO Asia Meeting in November 2018 it was decided by both the ESMO and the Taiwan Oncology Society (TOS) to convene a special guidelines meeting immediately after the Taiwan Joint Cancer Conference (TJCC) in May 2019 in Taipei. The aim was to adapt the ESMO 2018 guidelines to take into account both the ethnic and the geographic differences in practice associated with the treatment of HCC in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with intermediate and advanced/relapsed HCC representing the oncology societies of Taiwan (TOS), China (CSCO), India (ISMPO) Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS) and Singapore (SSO). The voting was based on scientific evidence, and was independent of the current treatment practices, the drug availability and reimbursement situations in the individual participating Asian countries.
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Viscardi G, Sparano F, Di Liello R, Casal GA, Ferreres RB, Bruixola G, Gambardella V, Zanaletti N, Iacovino M, De Corte CM, Papaccio F, Fasano M, Ciardiello F, Cervantes A, Morgillo F, Martorell PM, Molla MAI. A novel ImmunoScore, based on clinical and blood biomarkers, as prognostic model for immunotherapy in NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz449.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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74
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Valiente F, Tarazona N, Gambardella V, Riffo-Campos Á, Papaccio F, Cabeza-Segura M, López-Rodas G, Cervantes A, Franco L, Castillo J. ZNF518B as a transcriptional factor involved in colorectal cancer progression through the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz413.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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75
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Tarazona N, Gimeno-Valiente F, Gambardella V, Zuñiga S, Rentero-Garrido P, Huerta M, Roselló S, Martinez-Ciarpaglini C, Carbonell-Asins JA, Carrasco F, Ferrer-Martínez A, Bruixola G, Fleitas T, Martín J, Tébar-Martínez R, Moro D, Castillo J, Espí A, Roda D, Cervantes A. Targeted next-generation sequencing of circulating-tumor DNA for tracking minimal residual disease in localized colon cancer. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1804-1812. [PMID: 31562764 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high percentage of patients diagnosed with localized colon cancer (CC) will relapse after curative treatment. Although pathological staging currently guides our treatment decisions, there are no biomarkers determining minimal residual disease (MRD) and patients are at risk of being undertreated or even overtreated with chemotherapy in this setting. Circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) can to be a useful tool to better detect risk of relapse. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty patients diagnosed with localized CC were prospectively enrolled in our study. Tumor tissue from those patients was sequenced by a custom-targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel to characterize somatic mutations. A minimum variant allele frequency (VAF) of 5% was applied for variant filtering. Orthogonal droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) validation was carried out. We selected known variants with higher VAF to track ctDNA in the plasma samples by ddPCR. RESULTS NGS found known pathological mutations in 132 (88%) primary tumors. ddPCR showed high concordance with NGS (r = 0.77) for VAF in primary tumors. Detection of ctDNA after surgery and in serial plasma samples during follow-up were associated with poorer disease-free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR), 17.56; log-rank P = 0.0014 and HR, 11.33; log-rank P = 0.0001, respectively]. Tracking at least two variants in plasma increased the ability to identify MRD to 87.5%. ctDNA was the only significantly independent predictor of DFS in multivariable analysis. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, presence of ctDNA after therapy was associated with early relapse (HR 10.02; log-rank P < 0.0001). Detection of ctDNA at follow-up preceded radiological recurrence with a median lead time of 11.5 months. CONCLUSIONS Plasma postoperative ctDNA detected MRD and identified patients at high risk of relapse in localized CC. Mutation tracking with more than one variant in serial plasma samples improved our accuracy in predicting MRD.
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