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Rozin AP, Toledano K, Dagan A, Balbir-Gurman A. Ultrasound investigation of the glenohumeral joint by anterior access in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy controls. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:533-41. [PMID: 25690010 PMCID: PMC4337470 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to measure glenohumeral joint (GHJ) parameters via the anterior access through ultrasound and to compare to data from posterior and inferior accesses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty healthy controls (M: F=15: 5, aged 45.1±11.2 years) and 16 patients (M: F=5: 11, aged 54.6±14.7 years) with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (DAS 28 4.6±1.2) were investigated (SonoSite-Titan). To make the GHJ visible on the anterior access, we used the original GHJ opening maneuver. The GHJ width was measured for every transducer position at 2 points. The positions were: posterior transversal, inferior longitudinal, anterior longitudinal along the articular line, anterior transversal upper, middle and lower. The joint width included thickness of cartilage plus synovial fluid/pannus. Rotator interval (RI) width and height (upper biceps channel) were measured. RESULTS Our normal GHJ values by posterior and inferior accesses were within previously estimated values (<2 mm and <3 mm, respectively). We acquired the first values of GHJ width from the anterior access. The last were within a range of 0.7-1.7 mm for healthy controls. Patients with RA showed significantly enlarged joint cavities. RI was not inflamed. Posterior and inferior data of GHJ width were significantly correlated (p=0.01). The data did not correlate with anterior values (p=+0.44, p=-0.56). Synovitis was much more prominent in posterior, upper anterior transversal, and anterior longitudinal accesses. CONCLUSIONS The GHJ may be visualized by anterior access using a special maneuver. Synovitis in the anterior region of the GHJ may develop at an independent rate. Anterior GHJ sonography may be complementary to the classic access.
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Dagan A, Kogan M, Shoenfeld Y, Segal G. When uncommon and common coalesce: adult onset Still’s disease associated with breast augmentation as part of autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). Clin Rheumatol 2015; 35:1643-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-015-2869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dagan A, Kivity S. Cutting edge data in autoimmunity: as presented in the 9th International Congress of Autoimmunity. Immunol Res 2014; 61:1-3. [PMID: 25471360 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-014-8606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bishara R, Braun-Moscovici Y, Dagan A, Toledano K, Saadi T, Sabo E, Balbir-Gurman A. Severe hyperferritinemia--a clue for severe hepatitis in a patient with adult-onset Still's disease. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 35:795-800. [PMID: 25413736 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A 19-year old previously healthy man developed the adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) with high ferritin levels. Corticosteroids induced clinical remission with resolution of fever, arthritis, and rash. While tapering corticosteroids, the patient developed severe liver enzymes elevation, very high ferritin levels and, subsequently, acute liver failure. After other causes of liver disease (infections, metabolic, autoimmune hepatitis, lymphoma, and hemophagocytosis) were excluded, severe hepatitis was attributed to AOSD itself. Cyclosporine induced rapid normalization of liver enzymes and reduction in ferritin levels. Severe hepatitis and very high ferritin levels could be the only manifestation of disease activity in AOSD; therefore, monitoring of liver enzymes and ferritin levels is recommended even after resolution of the clinical symptoms of AOSD. Prompt initiation of cyclosporine can improve liver function and prevent progression to liver failure.
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Braun-Moscovici Y, Chowers Y, Toledano K, Markovits D, Gralnek I, Waterman M, Beshara-Garzoz R, Dagan A, Rozin A, Nahir M, Balbir-Gurman A. FRI0157 Rheumatologic Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Referred to the Rheumatology Service in A Tertiary Referral Center. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Braun-Moscovici Y, Markovits D, Gralnek I, Toledano K, Beshara-Garzoz R, Dagan A, Rozin A, Chowers Y, Balbir-Gurman A. FRI0509 Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding is Associated with Significantly Higher Mortality in Systemic Sclerosis Patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rozin A, Toledano K, Dagan A, Balbir-Gurman A. AB0944 Us Investigation of Gleno-Humeral Joint by Anterior Access: Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lavie M, Lifshitz I, Vilozni D, Shapira I, Sarouk I, Bar BE, Dagan A, Livnat G, Cohen-Cymberknoh M, Mei-Zahav M, Rivlin J, Efrati O. 297 Arab cystic fibrosis patients in Israel. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dagan A, Markovits D, Braun-Moscovici Y, Rozin A, Toledano K, Balbir-Gurman A. Life-threatening oropharyngeal aphagia as the major manifestation of dermatomyositis. THE ISRAEL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL : IMAJ 2013; 15:453-455. [PMID: 24079071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Balbir-Gurman A, Guralnik L, Yigla M, Hardak E, Solomonov A, Rozin AP, Toledano K, Dagan A, Bishara R, Nahir MA, Markovits D, Braun-Moscovici Y. FRI0385 Long term follow-up after systemic sclerosis patients treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for interstitial lung disease: a single eustar center (042) experience. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Braun-Moscovici Y, Ben Horin S, Dagan A, Toledano K, Markovits D, Saffouri A, Beshara R, Rozin A, Nahir MA, Chowers Y, Balbir-Gurman A. FRI0207 The input of measuring of infliximab and adalimumab levels and levels of antibodies to these drugs in the management of patients with autoimmune diseases treated with anti tnf monoclonal antibodies. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Suez J, Porwollik S, Dagan A, Marzel A, Schorr YI, Desai PT, Agmon V, McClelland M, Rahav G, Gal-Mor O. Virulence gene profiling and pathogenicity characterization of non-typhoidal Salmonella accounted for invasive disease in humans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58449. [PMID: 23505508 PMCID: PMC3591323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infection with non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars (NTS) infrequently causes invasive systemic disease and bacteremia. To understand better the nature of invasive NTS (iNTS), we studied the gene content and the pathogenicity of bacteremic strains from twelve serovars (Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Choleraesuis, Dublin, Virchow, Newport, Bredeney, Heidelberg, Montevideo, Schwarzengrund, 9,12:l,v:- and Hadar). Comparative genomic hybridization using a Salmonella enterica microarray revealed a core of 3233 genes present in all of the iNTS strains, which include the Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1-5, 9, 13, 14; five fimbrial operons (bcf, csg, stb, sth, sti); three colonization factors (misL, bapA, sinH); and the invasion gene, pagN. In the iNTS variable genome, we identified 16 novel genomic islets; various NTS virulence factors; and six typhoid-associated virulence genes (tcfA, cdtB, hlyE, taiA, STY1413, STY1360), displaying a wider distribution among NTS than was previously known. Characterization of the bacteremic strains in C3H/HeN mice showed clear differences in disease manifestation. Previously unreported characterization of serovars Schwarzengrund, 9,12:l,v:-, Bredeney and Virchow in the mouse model showed low ability to elicit systemic disease, but a profound and elongated shedding of serovars Schwarzengrund and 9,12:l,v:- (as well as Enteritidis and Heidelberg) due to chronic infection of the mouse. Phenotypic comparison in macrophages and epithelial cell lines demonstrated a remarkable intra-serovar variation, but also showed that S. Typhimurium bacteremic strains tend to present lower intracellular growth than gastroenteritis isolates. Collectively, our data demonstrated a common core of virulence genes, which might be required for invasive salmonellosis, but also an impressive degree of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, highlighting that bacteremia is a complex phenotype, which cannot be attributed merely to an enhanced invasion or intracellular growth of a particular strain.
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Bahng A, Dagan A, Bruner D, Lin L. Determination of Prognostic Factors for Long-term Vaginal Toxicity Associated with Intravaginal High-dose Rate Brachytherapy in Patients with Endometrial Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dagan A, Reissman P. Giant secretory villous adenoma of the rectum and sigmoid presenting as McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome. Int J Colorectal Dis 2010; 25:909-10. [PMID: 20165855 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-010-0893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Dagan A, Gattineni J, Habib S, Baum M. Effect of prenatal dexamethasone on postnatal serum and urinary angiotensin II levels. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23:420-4. [PMID: 20075846 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal programming of hypertension has been described in humans and in animal models that receive a prenatal insult, but the mechanism for the increase in blood pressure remains elusive. METHODS In male rats whose mothers received dexamethasone between days 15 and 18 of gestation systemic and urinary levels of angiotensin II were measured to determine whether angiotensin II was a potential factor for the generation (4 weeks of age) or maintenance (8 weeks of age) of hypertension. RESULTS A group 4- and 8-week-old male rats that were the product of a pregnancy where the mother received prenatal dexamethasone between days 15 and 18 of gestation had comparable plasma renin and angiotensin II levels to the offspring of vehicle-treated controls. Renal angiotensin II levels were not different at 4 and 8 weeks of age between the controls and the prenatal dexamethasone group. Urine angiotensin II/Creatinine levels, a reflection of filtered and renally generated and secreted angiotensin II, were higher at both 4 and 8 weeks of age in male rats that received prenatal dexamethasone compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The high-urine angiotensin II levels in prehypertensive and hypertensive rats that were the product of mothers that received dexamethasone compared to vehicle suggest that luminal angiotensin II may play a role in the generation and maintenance of hypertension in this model of prenatal programming.
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Etzion Y, Mor M, Shalev A, Dror S, Etzion O, Dagan A, Beharier O, Moran A, Katz A. New insights into the atrial electrophysiology of rodents using a novel modality: the miniature-bipolar hook electrode. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H1460-9. [PMID: 18660446 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00414.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies of atrial electrophysiology (EP) in rodents are challenging, and available data are sparse. Herein, we utilized a novel type of bipolar electrode to evaluate the atrial EP of rodents through small lateral thoracotomy. In anesthetized rats and mice, we attached two bipolar electrodes to the right atrium and a third to the right ventricle. This standard setup enabled high-resolution EP studies. Moreover, a permanent implantation procedure enabled EP studies in conscious freely moving rats. Atrial EP was evaluated in anesthetized rats, anesthetized mice (ICR and C57BL6 strains), and conscious rats. Signal resolution enabled atrial effective refractory period (AERP) measurements and first time evaluation of the failed 1:1 atrial capture, which was unexpectedly longer than the AERP recorded at near normal cycle length by 27.2+/-2.3% in rats (P<0.0001; n=35), 31.7+/-8.3% in ICR mice (P=0.0001; n=13), and 57.7+/-13.7% in C57BL6 mice (P=0.015; n=4). While AERP rate adaptation was noted when 10 S1s at near normal basic cycle lengths were followed by S2 at varying basic cycle length and S3 for AERP evaluation, such rate adaptation was absent using conventional S1S2 protocols. Atrial tachypacing in rats shortened the AERP values on a timescale of hours, but a reverse remodeling phase was noted thereafter. Comparison of left vs. right atrial pacing in rats was also feasible with the current technique, resulting in similar AERP values recorded in the low right atrium. In conclusion, our findings indicate that in vivo rate adaptation of the rodent atria is different than expected based on previous ex vivo recordings. In addition, atrial electrical remodeling of rats shows unique remodeling-reverse remodeling characteristics that are described here for the first time. Further understanding of these properties should help to determine the clinical relevance as well as limitations of atrial arrhythmia models in rodents.
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Eljarrat-Binstock E, Domb AJ, Orucov F, Dagan A, Frucht-Pery J, Pe'er J. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of carboplatin delivery to the eye using hydrogel-iontophoresis. Curr Eye Res 2008; 33:269-75. [PMID: 18350438 DOI: 10.1080/02713680701871140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate in vitro and in vivo hydrogel-iontophoresis delivery of carboplatin to the eye. METHODS Iontophoresis was applied on agar gels resembling the eye using different current intensities and durations. Transscleral iontophoresis was performed on healthy rabbits, applying 0, 1, and 3 mA current for 10 min. RESULTS Similar drug concentrations were obtained in all experimental groups, in in vitro and in vivo studies, regardless of the iontophoretic current applied. A 20-mm penetration depth was found for carboplatin at the agar model. High drug levels were found at the sclera and retina, while lower levels were found at ocular fluids. CONCLUSION Carboplatin-iontophoretic application at the above conditions does not have an obvious advantage over passive penetration due to high diffusion properties and insufficient molecular charge. Passive carboplatin diffusion from loaded hydrogels inserted in the lower cul-de-sac should be further investigated as a potential clinical treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma.
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Dagan A, Alberton J, Reissmann P. Surgical aspects of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in adults. THE ISRAEL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL : IMAJ 2007; 9:761-762. [PMID: 17987772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, Salama I, Milman I, Shlomai Z, Dagan A, Ben Bassat H. G.P.13.10 Proteomic analysis of myotubes from hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Granot T, Milhas D, Carpentier S, Dagan A, Ségui B, Gatt S, Levade T. Caspase-dependent and -independent cell death of Jurkat human leukemia cells induced by novel synthetic ceramide analogs. Leukemia 2006; 20:392-9. [PMID: 16397504 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide metabolism has emerged as a potential target for anticancer therapy. Here, the potential usefulness of two novel synthetic ceramide analogs as anti-leukemic drugs was investigated. Compounds AD2646 and AD2687 were able to dose-and time-dependently decrease the viability of Jurkat leukemic cells. This was accompanied by an accumulation of endogenous ceramide owing to perturbed ceramide metabolism. Cytotoxicity involved caspase activation but also necrotic-like features, as evidenced by phosphatidylserine externalization, membrane permeability, hypodiploidy, caspase processing and only partial protection from cell death by a pan-caspase inhibitor. Ceramide analogs also induced cell death in Jurkat mutants that are deficient in cell death signaling proteins, including FADD, caspase-8 and 10, and RIP. While overexpression of Bcl-xL did not suppress ceramide accumulation, it conferred robust protection from caspase activation and cell death. Altogether, these novel ceramide analogs are able to kill leukemic cells through distinct pathways implicating caspase activation and mitochondrial events, and represent a new group of bioactive molecules with potential applications in anticancer therapy.
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Butler A, Henderson SC, Gordon RE, Dagan A, Gatt S, Schuchman EH. Preimplantation diagnosis of a lysosomal storage disorder by in situ enzymatic activity: 'proof of principle' in acid sphingomyelinase-deficient mice. J Inherit Metab Dis 2005; 28:1-12. [PMID: 15702401 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-005-4418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2004] [Accepted: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic diagnosis of preimplantation embryos (PGD) can substantially reduce the chance that at-risk couples have children afflicted with inherited diseases. However, PGD requires DNA,which is usually obtained from single cells following embryo biopsy. In addition, PGD requires that the genetic defect(s) causing the disorder be known. We have therefore developed an alternative to PGD, which we term preimplantation enzymatic diagnosis (PED). PED has several advantages over PGD, including the facts that it does not require embryo biopsy and that the gene defect(s) causing the disorder need not be known. We have demonstrated 'proof of principle' for this approach using embryos obtained from a mouse model (ASMKO mice) of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-deficient Niemann-Pick disease, an inherited lysosomal storage disorder. For this technique, fluorescently (BODIPY)-conjugated sphingomyelin was used to detect ASM activity in situ. Wild-type, preimplantation embryos degraded the substrate following a short 'pulse-chase' period, resulting in markedly reduced fluorescence compared to ASMKO embryos, which retained the fluorescent substrate. Thus, the two embryo types could be easily distinguished by fluorescent microscopy. The fluorescent sphingomyelin was not toxic to the embryos, and the entire procedure could be accomplished within 48 h without embryo biopsy. We suggest that PED may be useful for the preimplantation diagnosis of lysosomal storage disorders, and perhaps other enzymatic defects where similar in situ assay methods are available.
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Pankova-Kholmyansky I, Dagan A, Gold D, Zaslavsky Z, Skutelsky E, Gatt S, Flescher E. Ceramide mediates growth inhibition of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Cell Mol Life Sci 2003; 60:577-87. [PMID: 12737317 PMCID: PMC11138575 DOI: 10.1007/s000180300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, ceramide mediates death by chemotherapeutic drugs. We analysed, for the first time, the role of ceramide in inhibiting growth of the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Added exogenously, ceramide significantly decreased the number of parasites, and this effect was abolished by sphingosine-1-phosphate, a biological antagonist of ceramide action. Ceramide can induce death of cancer cells by decreasing glutathione levels, and in our work it induced dose- and time-dependent depletion of glutathione in P. falciparum parasites. N-acetylcysteine, a precursor of glutathione, abrogated the cytotoxic effect of ceramide. Thus, ceramide can mediate growth inhibition of P. falciparum parasites by decreasing glutathione levels. The antimalarial drugs artemisinin and mefloquine induced the death of P. falciparum parasites by sphingomyelinase-generated ceramide and by decreasing parasite glutathione levels. Altogether, ceramide was identified as a signalling molecule capable of inducing growth inhibition of P. falciparum malarial parasites.
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Rahamim E, Better H, Dagan A, Nitzan DW. Electron microscope and biochemical observations of the surface active phospholipids on the articular surfaces and in the synovial fluid of the temporomandibular joint: a preliminary investigation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 59:1326-32. [PMID: 11688037 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2001.27530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this article is to investigate the surface-active phospholipids located on the articular surfaces and in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) synovial fluid (SF) by means of electron microscopy and biochemical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synovial fluids and articular cartilage samples taken from 6 normally functioning TMJs were studied. The osmiophilic lining of human TMJ articular surfaces has been studied by using special nondestructive fixation procedures. To study the SF, negative staining technique has been used. In addition, thin-layer chromatography has been used to identify the phospholipids extracted from synovial fluid of human TMJs. RESULTS In the SF, granular bodies were identified with diameter of between 170 and 280 nm. Their diameter decreased dramatically when exposed to phospholipase-A(2). The amorphous and highly osmophilic material on the articular surface include membrane-bound vesicles (270 nm in diameter) with lamellated pattern surrounding the amorphous-dense core. Biochemical extraction revealed phosphatidylcholine as the major component of the polar lipids. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study presents findings that suggest that phospholipids present in the TMJ may provide an efficient boundary lubrication that enables the disc to slide down the slope of the eminence on joint function.
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Pirogovsky A, Adi M, Dagan A, Sinai L, Sthoeger D, Barzilai N, Tabachnik E. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis: a rare complication in a child with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Radiol 2001; 31:709-11. [PMID: 11685439 DOI: 10.1007/s002470100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2000] [Accepted: 03/19/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old boy with new-onset nephrotic syndrome developed recurrent vomiting, apathy and papilloedema. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was diagnosed on cranial CT and MRI. He gradually recovered after treatment with heparin, fresh frozen plasma and warfarin with complete resolution of the thrombosis after 1 month. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis is an extremely rare complication of nephrotic syndrome in children. Early diagnosis is essential for institution of anticoagulation therapy and a successful outcome.
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Dagan A, Agmon V, Gatt S, Dinur T. Synthesis of fluorescent substrates and their application to study of sphingolipid metabolism in vitro and in intact cells. Methods Enzymol 2001; 312:293-304. [PMID: 11070879 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)12916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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