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Can-Uc B, Rangel-Rojo R, Márquez H, Rodríguez-Fernández L, Oliver A. Nanoparticle containing channel waveguides produced by a multi-energy masked ion-implantation process. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:3176-3185. [PMID: 25836176 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.003176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present the fabrication and characterization of channel waveguides based on composites containing silver nanoparticles. The substrate employed is silica and the nanoparticles were produced by a masked ion-implantation technique. Multiple implantation processes were made at different energies in order to produce waveguides with an appropriate width. We also present results for the characterization of the waveguiding properties of the devices produced.
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Balaj C, Oliver A, Lemarie C, Hubert J, Laurent V, Regent D. Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma revealed as an "incidentaloma" in a healthy volunteer. Diagn Interv Imaging 2014; 96:93-6. [PMID: 25543149 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Thomas JB, Brier MR, Bateman RJ, Snyder AZ, Benzinger TL, Xiong C, Raichle M, Holtzman DM, Sperling RA, Mayeux R, Ghetti B, Ringman JM, Salloway S, McDade E, Rossor MN, Ourselin S, Schofield PR, Masters CL, Martins RN, Weiner MW, Thompson PM, Fox NC, Koeppe RA, Jack CR, Mathis CA, Oliver A, Blazey TM, Moulder K, Buckles V, Hornbeck R, Chhatwal J, Schultz AP, Goate AM, Fagan AM, Cairns NJ, Marcus DS, Morris JC, Ances BM. Functional connectivity in autosomal dominant and late-onset Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 2014; 71:1111-22. [PMID: 25069482 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD) is caused by rare genetic mutations in 3 specific genes in contrast to late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD), which has a more polygenetic risk profile. OBJECTIVE To assess the similarities and differences in functional connectivity changes owing to ADAD and LOAD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We analyzed functional connectivity in multiple brain resting state networks (RSNs) in a cross-sectional cohort of participants with ADAD (n = 79) and LOAD (n = 444), using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging at multiple international academic sites. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES For both types of AD, we quantified and compared functional connectivity changes in RSNs as a function of dementia severity measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. In ADAD, we qualitatively investigated functional connectivity changes with respect to estimated years from onset of symptoms within 5 RSNs. RESULTS A decrease in functional connectivity with increasing Clinical Dementia Rating scores were similar for both LOAD and ADAD in multiple RSNs. Ordinal logistic regression models constructed in one type of Alzheimer disease accurately predicted clinical dementia rating scores in the other, further demonstrating the similarity of functional connectivity loss in each disease type. Among participants with ADAD, functional connectivity in multiple RSNs appeared qualitatively lower in asymptomatic mutation carriers near their anticipated age of symptom onset compared with asymptomatic mutation noncarriers. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging changes with progressing AD severity are similar between ADAD and LOAD. Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging may be a useful end point for LOAD and ADAD therapy trials. Moreover, the disease process of ADAD may be an effective model for the LOAD disease process.
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Whistance RN, Forsythe RO, McNair AGK, Brookes ST, Avery KNL, Pullyblank AM, Sylvester PA, Jayne DG, Jones JE, Brown J, Coleman MG, Dutton SJ, Hackett R, Huxtable R, Kennedy RH, Morton D, Oliver A, Russell A, Thomas MG, Blazeby JM. A systematic review of outcome reporting in colorectal cancer surgery. Colorectal Dis 2014; 15:e548-60. [PMID: 23926896 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evaluation of surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) is necessary to inform clinical decision-making and healthcare policy. The standards of outcome reporting after CRC surgery have not previously been considered. METHOD Systematic literature searches identified randomized and nonrandomized prospective studies reporting clinical outcomes of CRC surgery. Outcomes were listed verbatim, categorized into broad groups (outcome domains) and examined for a definition (an appropriate textual explanation or a supporting citation). Outcome reporting was considered inconsistent if results of the outcome specified in the methods were not reported. Outcome reporting was compared between randomized and nonrandomized studies. RESULTS Of 5644 abstracts, 194 articles (34 randomized and 160 nonrandomized studies) were included reporting 766 different clinical outcomes, categorized into seven domains. A mean of 14 ± 8 individual outcomes were reported per study. 'Anastomotic leak', 'overall survival' and 'wound infection' were the three most frequently reported outcomes in 72, 60 and 44 (37.1%, 30.9% and 22.7%) studies, respectively, and no single outcome was reported in every publication. Outcome definitions were significantly more often provided in randomized studies than in nonrandomized studies (19.0% vs 14.9%, P = 0.015). One-hundred and twenty-seven (65.5%) papers reported results of all outcomes specified in the methods (randomized studies, n = 21, 61.5%; nonrandomized studies, n = 106, 66.2%; P = 0.617). CONCLUSION Outcome reporting in CRC surgery lacks consistency and method. Improved standards of outcome measurement are recommended to permit data synthesis and transparent cross-study comparisons.
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Macia M, Rojo-Molinero E, Oliver A. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing in biofilm-growing bacteria. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:981-90. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Bosch A, Martina P, Feliziani S, Juan C, Bettiol M, Gatti B, Valeiras B, Yantorno O, Smania A, Oliver A. 89 Hypermutation in Burkholderia cepacia complex is highly prevalent in chronic respiratory infections of cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Caballero J, Cobo M, Chinchón G, López-Causapé C, Oliver A, de la Pedrosa EG, del Campo R, Tato M, Cantón R. 83 Bronchopulmonary infection/colonization in cystic fibrosis: results from a Spanish multicenter study. J Cyst Fibros 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(14)60219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Roland D, Oliver A, Edwards ED, Mason BW, Powell CVE. Use of paediatric early warning systems in Great Britain: has there been a change of practice in the last 7 years? Arch Dis Child 2014; 99:26-9. [PMID: 23995077 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-302783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the use of paediatric early warning systems (PEWS) and rapid response teams (RRTs) in paediatric units in Great Britain. DESIGN Cross sectional survey. SETTING All hospitals with inpatient paediatric services in Great Britain. OUTCOME MEASURES Proportion of units using PEWS, origin of PEWS used, criterion included in PEWS, proportion of units with an RRT and membership of RRT. RESULTS The response rate was 95% (149/157). 85% of units were using PEWS and 18% had an RRT in place. Tertiary units were more likely than district general hospital to have implemented PEWS, 90% versus 83%, and an RRT, 52% versus 10%. A large number of PEWS were in use, the majority of which were unpublished and unvalidated systems. CONCLUSIONS Despite the inconclusive evidence of effectiveness, the use of PEWS has increased since 2005. The implementation has been inconsistent with large variation in the PEWS used, the activation criteria used, availability of an RRT and the membership of the RRT. There must be a coordinated national evaluation of the implementation, impact and effectiveness of a standardised PEWS programme in the various environments where acutely sick children are managed.
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Gonzalez J, Jaume J, Fàbrega E, Gispert M, Gil M, Oliver A, Llonch P, Guàrdia M, Realini C, Arnau J, Tibau J. Majorcan Black Pig as a traditional pork production system: Improvements in slaughterhouse procedures and elaboration of pork carpaccio as an alternative product. Meat Sci 2013; 95:727-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mills SM, Mallmann J, Santacruz AM, Fuqua A, Carril M, Aisen PS, Althage MC, Belyew S, Benzinger TL, Brooks WS, Buckles VD, Cairns NJ, Clifford D, Danek A, Fagan AM, Farlow M, Fox N, Ghetti B, Goate AM, Heinrichs D, Hornbeck R, Jack C, Jucker M, Klunk WE, Marcus DS, Martins RN, Masters CM, Mayeux R, McDade E, Morris JC, Oliver A, Ringman JM, Rossor MN, Salloway S, Schofield PR, Snider J, Snyder P, Sperling RA, Stewart C, Thomas RG, Xiong C, Bateman RJ. Preclinical trials in autosomal dominant AD: implementation of the DIAN-TU trial. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2013; 169:737-43. [PMID: 24016464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network Trials Unit (DIAN-TU) was formed to direct the design and management of interventional therapeutic trials of international DIAN and autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) participants. The goal of the DIAN-TU is to implement safe trials that have the highest likelihood of success while advancing scientific understanding of these diseases and clinical effects of proposed therapies. The DIAN-TU has launched a trial design that leverages the existing infrastructure of the ongoing DIAN observational study, takes advantage of a variety of drug targets, incorporates the latest results of biomarker and cognitive data collected during the observational study, and implements biomarkers measuring Alzheimer's disease (AD) biological processes to improve the efficiency of trial design. The DIAN-TU trial design is unique due to the sophisticated design of multiple drugs, multiple pharmaceutical partners, academics servings as sponsor, geographic distribution of a rare population and intensive safety and biomarker assessments. The implementation of the operational aspects such as home health research delivery, safety magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) at remote locations, monitoring clinical and cognitive measures, and regulatory management involving multiple pharmaceutical sponsors of the complex DIAN-TU trial are described.
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Oliver A, Bjermer L, Quinn D, Saggu P, Thomas P, Yarnall K, Lötvall J. Modulation of allergen-induced bronchoconstriction by fluticasone furoate and vilanterol alone or in combination. Allergy 2013; 68:1136-42. [PMID: 23924233 PMCID: PMC4223930 DOI: 10.1111/all.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This placebo-controlled study assessed the effects of the once-daily inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) fluticasone furoate (FF) and long-acting beta(2) -agonist (LABA) vilanterol (VI) on early and late asthmatic responses (EAR/LAR) and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). METHODS Patients (n = 27) were randomized to FF (100 μg), VI (25 μg), FF/VI (100/25 μg), and placebo for 21 days (four periods). Allergen challenge was performed 1 h post-dose on day 21. AHR was assessed on day 22 using methacholine. RESULTS Allergen challenge caused an early change (0-2 h) in minimum forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) of -1.091 l (95% CI: -1.344; -0.837) following placebo therapy; changes were -0.955 l (-1.209; -0.702), -0.826 l (-1.070; -0.581), and -0.614 l (-0.858; -0.370) following VI, FF, or FF/VI therapy, respectively. Treatment differences were significant for all comparisons between therapies. Mean changes in 0-2 h %FEV(1) were as follows: -28.05 (placebo), -23.10 (VI), -22.33 (FF), and -16.10 (FF/VI). Following placebo, the late change (4-10 h) in weighted mean FEV(1) was -0.466 l (-0.589; -0.343) and -0.298 l (-0.415; -0.181) after VI, and was +0.018 l with both FF/VI (-0.089; 0.124) and FF (-0.089; 0.125). Treatment differences were significant for all comparisons between therapies except FF/VI vs FF. Mean changes in 4-10 h %FEV(1) were as follows: -21.08 (placebo), -14.30 (VI), -5.02 (FF), and -5.83 (FF/VI). AHR 24 h after allergen challenge was significantly reduced with FF/VI and FF vs placebo, and FF/VI was superior to either component. CONCLUSION Combined treatment with FF/VI provides additive protection from the EAR relative to its components, significant protection over VI alone from the LAR, and confers sustained protection from hyper-responsiveness 24 h post-dose.
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Mitra J, Ghose S, Sidibé D, Martí R, Oliver A, Lladó X, Vilanova JC, Comet J, Meriaudeau F. Joint probability of shape and image similarities to retrieve 2D TRUS-MR slice correspondence for prostate biopsy. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2012:5416-9. [PMID: 23367154 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6347219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel method to identify the 2D axial Magnetic Resonance (MR) slice from a pre-acquired MR prostate volume that closely corresponds to the 2D axial Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) slice obtained during prostate biopsy. The method combines both shape and image intensity information. The segmented prostate contours in both the imaging modalities are described by shape-context representations and matched using the Chi-square distance. Normalized mutual information and correlation coefficient between the TRUS and MR slices are computed to find image similarities. Finally, the joint probability values comprising shape and image similarities are used in a rule-based framework to provide the MR slice that closely resembles the TRUS slice acquired during the biopsy procedure. The method is evaluated for 20 patient datasets, of which 18 results match at least one of the two clinical expert choices.
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Thomas J, Brier M, Bateman R, Snyder A, Benzinger T, Xiong C, Raichle M, Sperling R, Mayeux R, Ghetti B, Ringman J, Salloway S, McDade E, Rossor M, Schofield P, Masters C, Martins R, Jack C, Oliver A, Blazey T, Moulder K, Buckles V, Hornbeck R, Chhatwal J, Schultz A, Goate A, Fagan A, Cairns N, Marcus D, Morris J, Ances B. IC‐P‐184: Resting state functional connectivity in autosomal dominant and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cuthbertson L, Rogers G, Walker A, Oliver A, Daniels T, Carroll M, Parkhill J, Bruce K, van der Gast C. WS8.4 Temporal bacterial community dynamics of cystic fibrosis lung infections. J Cyst Fibros 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(13)60049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gilarranz R, Juan C, Castillo-Vera J, Chamizo FJ, Artiles F, Álamo I, Oliver A. First detection in Europe of the metallo-β-lactamase IMP-15 in clinical strains of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19:E424-7. [PMID: 23656535 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a prospective study (2009-2011) in healthcare institutions from the Canary Islands (Spain), 6 out of 298 carbapenem non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates produced a metallo-β-lactamase: four IMP-15, two VIM-2 (including one IMP-15-positive isolate) and one VIM-1. Multilocus sequence typing identified the single VIM-1-producing isolate as clone ST111 and two IMP-15-producing isolates as ST606, but, strikingly, bacterial re-identification revealed that the other three isolates (producing IMP-15 and/or VIM-2) were actually Pseudomonas putida. Further retrospective analysis revealed a very high prevalence (close to 50%) of carbapenem resistance in this environmental species. Hence, we report the simultaneous emergence in hospitals on the Canary Islands of P. putida and P. aeruginosa strains producing IMP-15, a metallo-β-lactamase not previously detected in Europe, and suggest an underestimated role of P. putida as a nosocomial reservoir of worrying transferable resistance determinants.
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Miró E, Agüero J, Larrosa MN, Fernández A, Conejo MC, Bou G, González-López JJ, Lara N, Martínez-Martínez L, Oliver A, Aracil B, Oteo J, Pascual A, Rodríguez-Baño J, Zamorano L, Navarro F. Erratum to: Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of acquired AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from 35 hospitals in Spain. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hunt PAF, Smith CM, Oliver A. Early computed tomography scanning in multisystem trauma: The evidence. TRAUMA-ENGLAND 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408612437303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The utility of computed tomography as a radiological investigation following multisystem trauma is already well established in current practice. This article examines the existing evidence and rationale behind the use of early computed tomography scanning in the management of the multisystem trauma patient, with a particular emphasis on the use of ‘whole body’ computed tomography scanning as a component of their initial management in the Emergency Department. The use of computed tomography has been shown to be superior to plain radiography for the detection of injuries in important body regions including the spine, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Computed tomography scan of the head and cervical spine is also well established as the first investigation of choice for significant traumatic brain injury. The potential benefits of whole body computed tomography include reduced time to diagnosis and intervention, as well as significant improvements in clinical outcome and survival. Concerns regarding a whole body computed tomography approach relate to the increased ionising radiation dosage that patients will be exposed to, and perceived risks of the secondary transfer and scanning room environment itself. Potential barriers to the use of whole body computed tomography are also explored and discussed. This article also presents a proposed clinical algorithm derived from the results of a recent Delphi study into whole body computed tomography following blunt multitrauma, along with conclusions and recommendations from the subject matter panel review process.
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Miró E, Agüero J, Larrosa MN, Fernández A, Conejo MC, Bou G, González-López JJ, Lara N, Martínez-Martínez L, Oliver A, Aracil B, Oteo J, Pascual A, Rodríguez-Baño J, Zamorano L, Navarro F. Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of acquired AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from 35 hospitals in Spain. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 32:253-9. [PMID: 22956023 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) and carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae collected from 35 hospitals in Spain and to establish their epidemiological relationships. We conducted a prospective multi-centre study on pAmpC- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical samples collected from February to July 2009. The strains suspected to carry pAmpC were resistant or showed intermediate susceptibility to co-amoxiclav and second- or third-generation cephalosporins. Strains suspected to carry a carbapenemase were selected because they showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to imipenem >1 mg/L. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a sequencing strategy were used to characterise the enzymes. The clonal relationships between isolates was analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Among 100,132 Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected, 1,654 were compatible with the production of pAmpC or carbapenemases. We found a prevalence of 0.64 % of pAmpC (n = 635) and 0.04 % of carbapenemases (n = 43). The most prevalent pAmpC enzymes were CMY-type (78.3 %), DHA-type (19.5 %), ACC-type (1.6 %) and FOX-type (0.6 %). The CMY-type was the most frequent in Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis species, whereas the DHA-type was mainly found in Klebsiella spp. The enzymes involved in carbapenem resistance were VIM-1, IMP-22 and the new IMP-28. Nine new bla genes were described: bla (CMY-54), bla (CMY-55), bla (CMY-56), bla (CMY-57), bla (CMY-96), bla (DHA-6), bla (DHA-7), bla (FOX-8) and bla (IMP-28). The prevalence of pAmpC or carbapenemases found is not negligible. The CMY-types were the predominant pAmpC, whereas the VIM or IMP enzymes were the predominant carbapenemases. Furthermore, we observed a great genetic diversity among pAmpC-producing strains and a close clonal relationship between carbapenemase-producing strains.
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Bateman RJ, Xiong C, Benzinger TLS, Fagan AM, Goate A, Fox NC, Marcus DS, Cairns NJ, Xie X, Blazey TM, Holtzman DM, Santacruz A, Buckles V, Oliver A, Moulder K, Aisen PS, Ghetti B, Klunk WE, McDade E, Martins RN, Masters CL, Mayeux R, Ringman JM, Rossor MN, Schofield PR, Sperling RA, Salloway S, Morris JC. Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:795-804. [PMID: 22784036 PMCID: PMC3474597 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1202753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2540] [Impact Index Per Article: 211.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The order and magnitude of pathologic processes in Alzheimer's disease are not well understood, partly because the disease develops over many years. Autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease has a predictable age at onset and provides an opportunity to determine the sequence and magnitude of pathologic changes that culminate in symptomatic disease. METHODS In this prospective, longitudinal study, we analyzed data from 128 participants who underwent baseline clinical and cognitive assessments, brain imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood tests. We used the participant's age at baseline assessment and the parent's age at the onset of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease to calculate the estimated years from expected symptom onset (age of the participant minus parent's age at symptom onset). We conducted cross-sectional analyses of baseline data in relation to estimated years from expected symptom onset in order to determine the relative order and magnitude of pathophysiological changes. RESULTS Concentrations of amyloid-beta (Aβ)(42) in the CSF appeared to decline 25 years before expected symptom onset. Aβ deposition, as measured by positron-emission tomography with the use of Pittsburgh compound B, was detected 15 years before expected symptom onset. Increased concentrations of tau protein in the CSF and an increase in brain atrophy were detected 15 years before expected symptom onset. Cerebral hypometabolism and impaired episodic memory were observed 10 years before expected symptom onset. Global cognitive impairment, as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, was detected 5 years before expected symptom onset, and patients met diagnostic criteria for dementia at an average of 3 years after expected symptom onset. CONCLUSIONS We found that autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease was associated with a series of pathophysiological changes over decades in CSF biochemical markers of Alzheimer's disease, brain amyloid deposition, and brain metabolism as well as progressive cognitive impairment. Our results require confirmation with the use of longitudinal data and may not apply to patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. (Funded by the National Institute on Aging and others; DIAN ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00869817.).
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Bateman R, Benzinger T, Cairns N, Fagan A, Goate A, Marcus D, Storandt M, Xiong C, Buckles V, Holtzman D, Moulder K, Oliver A, Santacruz A, Fox N, Ghetti B, Klunk W, Martins R, Masters C, Mayeux R, Ringman J, Rossor M, Schofield P, Sperling R, Salloway S, Morris J. IC‐PL‐01: Presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network (DIAN). Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wang H, Ciofu O, Yang L, Wu H, Song Z, Oliver A, Høiby N. 60 Ceftazidime shows concentration-dependent killing on ß-lactamase-overproducing biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Cyst Fibros 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(12)60230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cuthbertson L, Rogers G, Hoffman L, Oliver A, Wing P, Carroll M, Bruce K, Walker A, van der Gast C. 136 Impact of propidium monoazide treatment on CF bacterial community pyrosequencing analysis. J Cyst Fibros 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(12)60306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Oliver A, Montero G, Montenegro R, Rodríguez E, Escobar JM, Perez-Foguet A. Finite element simulation of a local scale air quality model over complex terrain. ADVANCES IN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.5194/asr-8-105-2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. In this paper we propose a finite element method approach for modelling the air quality in a local scale over complex terrain. The area of interest is up to tens of kilometres and it includes pollutant sources. The proposed methodology involves the generation of an adaptive tetrahedral mesh, the computation of an ambient wind field, the inclusion of the plume rise effect in the wind field, and the simulation of transport and reaction of pollutants. We apply our methodology to simulate a fictitious pollution episode in La Palma island (Canary Island, Spain).
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