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Gupta DN, Dalal V, Savita BK, Dhankhar P, Ghosh DK, Kumar P, Sharma AK. In-silico screening and identification of potential inhibitors against 2Cys peroxiredoxin of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:8725-8739. [PMID: 33939584 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1916597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a worldwide citrus plant disease-related to non-culturable and fastidious α-proteobacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). In CLas, Peroxiredoxin (Prx) plays a major role in the reduction of the level of reactive species such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), free radicals and peroxides, etc. Here, we have used structure-based drug designing approach was used to screen and identify the potent molecules against 2Cys Prx. The virtual screening of fragments library was performed against the three-dimensional validated model of Prx. To evaluate the binding affinity, the top four molecules (N-Boc-2-amino isobutyric acid (B2AI), BOC-L-Valine (BLV), 1-(boc-amino) cyclobutane carboxylic acid (1BAC), and N-Benzoyl-DL-alanine (BDLA)) were docked at the active site of Prx. The molecular docking results revealed that all the identified molecules had a higher binding affinity than Tert butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), a substrate of Prx. Molecular dynamics analysis such as RMSD, Rg, SASA, hydrogen bonds, and PCA results indicated that Prx-inhibitor(s) complexes had lesser fluctuations and were more stable and compact than Prx-TBHP complex. MMPBSA results confirmed that the identified compounds could bind at the active site of Prx to form a lower energy Prx-inhibitor(s) complex than Prx-TBHP complex. The identified potent molecules may pave the path for the development of antimicrobial agents against CLA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Kokane AD, Kokane SB, Warghane AJ, Gubyad MG, Sharma AK, Reddy MK, Ghosh DK. A Rapid and Sensitive Reverse Transcription-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) Assay for the Detection of Indian Citrus Ringspot Virus. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:1346-1355. [PMID: 32990524 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1349-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV) is a devastating pathogen that has a particularly deleterious effect on the 'Kinnow mandarin', a commercial citrus crop cultivated in the northwest of India. ICRSV belongs to the Mandarivirus genus within the family of Alphaflexiviridae and has a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome consisting of six open reading frames (ORFs). Severe cases of ICRSV result in a significant reduction in both the yield and quality of crops. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop methods to detect ICRSV in an accurate and timely manner. Current methods involve a two-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that is time consuming. Here, we describe a novel, one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method for the sensitive and rapid detection of ICRSV. To standardize the RT-LAMP assay, four different primers were designed and tested to target the coat protein gene of ICRSV. Amplification results were visualized by a color change after addition of SYBR Green I. The standardized RT-LAMP assay was highly specific and successfully detected all 35 ICRSV isolates tested from the Punjab and Haryana states of India. Furthermore, there was no cross-reaction with 17 isolates of five other citrus pathogens that are common in India. The ICRSV RT-LAMP assay developed in the present study is a simple, rapid, sensitive, specific technique. Moreover, the assay consists of only a single step and is more cost effective than existing methods. This is the first application of RT-LAMP for the detection of ICRSV. Our RT-LAMP assay is a powerful tool for the detection of ICRSV and will be particularly useful for large-scale indexing of field samples in diagnostic laboratories, in nurseries, and for quarantine applications.
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Ghosh DK, Kokane AD, Kokane SB, Tenzin J, Gubyad MG, Wangdi P, Murkute AA, Sharma AK, Gowda S. Detection and Molecular Characterization of 'C andidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' and Citrus Tristeza Virus Associated with Citrus Decline in Bhutan. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:870-881. [PMID: 33090079 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-20-0266-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Citrus, mainly mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco), is an economically important fruit crop in Bhutan. Despite having favorable agroclimatic conditions for citrus cultivation, the early decline of fruit-bearing orchards coupled with low crop productivity is a major concern among citrus growers. During a recent survey, an association of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (citrus greening) and citrus tristeza virus (CTV), either singly or as mixed infections in declined citrus trees, was recorded in all four major citrus-growing districts (Tsirang, Dagana, Zhemgang, and Sarpang). Using PCR-based diagnosis, a higher incidence of citrus greening (27.45%) and tristeza (70.58%) was observed in symptomatic field samples. Detection and characterization of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' was performed based on the 16S ribosomal DNA, prophage gene, 50S ribosomal rplA-rplJ gene, and tandem repeats of the CLIBASIA_01645 locus. Similarly, the coat protein, p23, and p18 genes were used as genetic markers for the detection and characterization of Bhutanese CTV. The 'Ca. L. asiaticus' isolates from Bhutan segregated into classes II and III based on the CLIBASIA_01645 locus, analogous to Indian isolates from the northeast region and Term-A based on the CLIBASIA_05610 locus. CTV isolates of Bhutan were observed as closely related to the VT strain, which is considered to be the most devastating. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on molecular characterization of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' and CTV isolates and their association with citrus decline in Bhutan.
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Saini G, Dalal V, Gupta DN, Sharma N, Kumar P, Sharma AK. A molecular docking and dynamic approach to screen inhibitors against ZnuA1 of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1888948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sharma AK, Kaur J, Kaur T, Singh B, Yadav HN, Pathak D, Singh AP. Ameliorative role of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, against sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7180-7190. [PMID: 33026618 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure is well documented to cause serious health hazards, such as cardiovascular abnormalities, neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. In the present study, we intended to explore the role of bosentan, an endothelial receptor antagonist, against sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats. Sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg, oral) was administered for 4 weeks to induce renal dysfunction in rats. Sodium arsenite intoxicated rats were treated with bosentan (50 and 100 mg/kg, oral) for 4 weeks. Arsenic led renal damage was demonstrated by significant increase in serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, potassium, fractional excretion of sodium, microproteinuria and decreased creatinine clearance in rats. Sodium arsenite resulted in marked oxidative stress in rat kidneys as indicated by profound increase in lipid peroxides, and superoxide anion generation alongwith decrease in reduced glutathione levels. Hydroxyproline assay highlighted arsenic-induced renal fibrosis in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated glomerular and tubular changes in rat kidneys. Picrosirius red staining highlighted collagen deposition in renal tissues of arsenic treated rats. Immunohistological results demonstrated the reduction of renal eNOS expression in arsenic treated rats. Notably, treatment with bosentan attenuated arsenic-induced renal damage and resisted arsenic-led reduction in renal eNOS expression. In addition, sodium arsenite-induced alteration in hepatic parameters (serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin), oxidative stress and histological changes were abrogated by bosentan treatment in rats. Hence, we conclude that bosentan treatment attenuated sodium arsenite-induced oxidative stress, fibrosis and reduction in renal eNOS expression in rat kidneys. Moreover, bosentan abrogated arsenic led hepatic changes in rats.
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Sharma AK. Dual trace inter-pulse interferometer for measurement of phase stability of ultra short laser pulse train. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023001. [PMID: 33648139 DOI: 10.1063/5.0033327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A dual trace intra-pulse and inter-pulse spatio-spectral interferometer has been set up to study the temporal stability of a ∼200 fs duration laser pulse train from a cw mode-locked laser oscillator. Simultaneous recording of twin interferograms helps identify the phase error in inter-pulse interferograms due to the diagnostic setup kept in a standard laboratory environment. Applicability of inter-pulse tilted pulse-front interferograms has been demonstrated to constitute an alternative inexpensive method for visual detection and estimation of phase slippage and pulse repetition frequency of an ultra short pulse train. The effect of pump beam intensity on the repetition rate of pulses due to accumulated intra-cavity non-linear phase shifts is also presented.
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Sah S, Sharma AK, Singla SK, Singh MK, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Palta P. Effects of treatment with a microRNA mimic or inhibitor on the developmental competence, quality, epigenetic status and gene expression of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:508-521. [PMID: 31959280 DOI: 10.1071/rd19084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression levels of 13 microRNAs (miRNAs) were compared between buffalo blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer through hand-made cloning and IVF to improve cloning efficiency. Expression of miR-22, miR-145, miR-374a and miR-30c was higher, whereas that of miR-29b, miR-101, miR-302b, miR-34a, miR-21 and miR-25 was lower, in nuclear transferred (NT) than IVF embryos; the expression of miR-200b, miR-26a and miR-128 was similar between the two groups. Based on these, miR-145, which is involved in the regulation of pluripotency, was selected for further investigation of NT embryos. miR-145 expression was lowest at the 2-cell stage, increased through the 4-cell stage and was highest at the 8-cell or morula stage in a pattern that was similar between NT and IVF embryos. miR-145 expression was higher in NT than IVF embryos at all stages examined. Treatment of reconstructed embryos 1h after electrofusion with an inhibitor of miR-145 for 1h decreased the apoptotic index and increased the blastocyst rate, total cell number, ratio of cells in the inner cell mass to trophectoderm, global levels of acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 18 and expression of Krueppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) in blastocysts. Treatment with an miR-145 mimic had the opposite effects. In conclusion, treatment of NT embryos with an miR-145 inhibitor improves the developmental competence and quality, and increases histone acetylation and expression of pluripotency-related genes.
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Deka SR, Sharma AK, Kumar P. Synthesis and evaluation of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based stimuli-responsive biodegradable carrier with enhanced loading capacity and controlled release properties. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kumar D, Gautam YP, Sharma AK, Kumar V, Tripathi AR, Kumar S, Kumar J, Saradhi IV, Kumar AV. Distribution of natural and artificial radioactivity concentration in soils of two districts (Ballia and Deoria) of Uttar Pradesh, India. RADIATION PROTECTION AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/rpe.rpe_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kaur J, Kaur T, Sharma AK, Kaur J, Yadav HN, Pathak D, Singh AP. Fenofibrate attenuates ischemia reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury and associated liver dysfunction in rats. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:412-421. [PMID: 33226649 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is one of the common reasons for acute kidney injury (AKI) and we need to develop effective therapies for treating AKI. We investigated the role of fenofibrate against I/R-induced AKI and associated hepatic dysfunction in rats. In male wistar albino rats, renal pedicle occlusion for 40 min and 24 h reperfusion resulted in AKI. I/R-induced AKI was demonstrated by measuring serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea, uric acid, potassium, fractional excretion of sodium and urinary microproteins. Oxidative stress in rat kidneys was quantified by assaying superoxide anion generation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and reduced glutathione levels. AKI-induced hepatic damage was quantified by assaying serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels. Moreover, serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglycerides were quantified. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of renal and hepatic tissues was done and the kidney and liver injury scores were determined. Immunohistology of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was done in rat kidneys. Fenofibrate was administered for 1 week before subjecting rats to AKI. In separate group, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was administered prior to fenofibrate treatment. In I/R group, significant alteration in the serum/urine parameters indicated AKI and hepatic dysfunction along with marked increase in kidney and liver injury scores. Treatment with fenofibrate attenuated AKI and associated hepatic dysfunction. Moreover, I/R-induced decrease in renal eNOS expression was abrogated by fenofibrate. Pre-treatment with L-NAME abolished fenofibrate mediated reno- and hepato-protective effects. In conclusion, fenofibrate attenuates I/R-induced AKI and associated hepatic dysfunction putatively through modulation of eNOS expression.
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Baah NO, Sharma AK. Pneumothorax. J Emerg Nurs 2020; 46:895. [PMID: 33162023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dhankhar P, Dalal V, Mahto JK, Gurjar BR, Tomar S, Sharma AK, Kumar P. Characterization of dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus subtilis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 693:108590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Elliott R, Ohene Baah N, Grossman VA, Sharma AK. COVID-19 Related Mortality During Management of a Hepatic Abscess. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY NURSING 2020; 39:271-274. [PMID: 32982611 PMCID: PMC7508491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jradnu.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in the capital city of the Hubei Province, Wuhan, China, in late 2019. Declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11th, 2020, COVID-19 has challenged healthcare systems to limit the spread of community and hospital-acquired disease. This article uses a patient case to highlight the importance of infection control during the height of the SARS-CoV-2 surge at a Level I affiliated community hospital in Western New York.
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V R, Kumar N, Saxena S, Shrivastava S, Sharma AK, Kutty M, Singh K, Maiti SK, Mondal DB, Singh KP. Mesenchymal stem cell tailored bioengineered scaffolds derived from bubaline diaphragm and aortic matrices for reconstruction of abdominal wall defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1763-1778. [PMID: 32931632 DOI: 10.1002/term.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineered scaffolds derived from the decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) obtained from discarded animal organs and tissues are attractive candidates for regenerative medicine applications. Tailoring these scaffolds with stem cells enhances their regeneration potential making them a suitable platform for regenerating damaged tissues. Thus, the study was designed to investigate the potential of mesenchymal stem cells tailored acellular bubaline diaphragm and aortic ECM for the repair of full-thickness abdominal wall defects in a rabbit model. Tissues obtained from bubaline diaphragm and aorta were decellularized and bioengineered by seeding with rabbit bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (r-BMSC). Full-thickness abdominal wall defects of 3 cm × 4 cm size were created in a rabbit model and repaired using five different prostheses, namely, polypropylene sheet, nonseeded diaphragm ECM, nonseeded aorta ECM, r-BMSC bioengineered diaphragm ECM, and r-BMSC bioengineered aorta ECM. Results from the study revealed that biological scaffolds are superior in comparison to synthetic polymer mesh for regeneration in terms of collagen deposition, maturation, neovascularization, and lack of any significant (P > 0.05) adhesions with the abdominal viscera. Seeding with r-BMSC significantly increased (P < 0.05) the collagen deposition and biomechanical strength of the scaffolds. The bioengineered r-BMSC seeded acellular bubaline diaphragm showed even superior biomechanical strength as compared to synthetic polymer mesh. Tailoring of the scaffolds with the r-BMSC also resulted in significant reduction (P < 0.01) in antibody and cell mediated immune reactions to the xenogeneic scaffolds in rabbit model.
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Kokane SB, Kokane AD, Misra P, Warghane AJ, Kumar P, Gubyad MG, Sharma AK, Biswas KK, Ghosh DK. In-silico characterization and RNA-binding protein based polyclonal antibodies production for detection of citrus tristeza virus. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 54:101654. [PMID: 32866661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the etiologic agent of the destructive Tristeza disease, a massive impediment for the healthy citrus industry worldwide. Routine indexing of CTV is an essential component for disease surveys and citrus budwood certification for production of disease-free planting material. Therefore, the present study was carried out to develop an efficient serological assay for CTV detection based on the RNA binding protein (CTV-p23), which is translated from a subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) that accumulates at higher levels in CTV-infected plants. CTV-p23 gene was amplified, cloned and polyclonal antibodies were raised against recombinant CTV-p23 protein. The efficacy of the produced polyclonal antibodies was tested by Western blots and ELISA to develop a quick, sensitive and economically affordable CTV detection tool and was used for indexing of large number of plant samples. The evaluation results indicated that the developed CTV-p23 antibodies had an excellent diagnostic agreement with RT-PCR and would be effective for the detection of CTV in field samples. Furthermore, CTV-p23 gene specific primers designed in the present study were found 1000 times more sensitive than the reported coat protein (CTV-p25) gene specific primers for routine CTV diagnosis. In silico characterizations of CTV-p23 protein revealed the presence of key conserved amino acid residues that involved in the regulation of protein stability, suppressor activity and protein expression levels. This would provide precious ground information towards understanding the viral pathogenecity and protein level accumulation for early diagnosis of virus.
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Chauhan RP, Kumari A, Nehra AK, Ram H, Garg R, Banerjee PS, Karikalan M, Sharma AK. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Sarcocystis suihominis infecting domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) in India. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3347-3357. [PMID: 32833051 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A total of 57 tissue samples of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) were collected from the meat outlets of five north Indian states and examined for sarcocystosis by histological and molecular methods. The genomic DNA extracted from five representative positive isolates was subjected to PCR amplification of the partial 18S rRNA gene followed by cloning and sequencing. Sequence analysis of the newly generated Indian isolates recorded 96.9-100.0% identity with published sequences of Sarcocystis suihominis. Two new haplotypes that have not been previously described manifested 99.5-100.0% nucleotide homology within themselves. In the phylogenetic analysis, Indian isolates of S. suihominis grouped together with S. suihominis originating from Italy, and they collectively formed a sister clade with Sarcocystis miescheriana within a clade containing various Sarcocystis spp. of ruminants having felids as final hosts. At the same time, this clade separated from a sister clade containing Sarcocystis spp. of bovid or cervid ruminants using canids as known or surmised definitive host. The current study established the phylogenetic relationship of Indian isolates of S. suihominis with various Sarcocystis spp. as well as with other taxa of Sarcocystidae family based on 18S rRNA gene for the first time.
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Sharma AK, Thulasi Doss GP, Panneerselvam E, Ganesh SK, Krishna Kumar Raja VB. Use of knotless barbed sutures for closure of intraoral incisions for maxillofacial trauma: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 59:e72-e78. [PMID: 33384176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of knotless barbed sutures in intraoral wound closure for maxillofacial trauma in comparison with conventional (vicryl) sutures. This was a randomised controlled clinical trial involving 40 patients with isolated mandibular angle fractures who required intraoral incisions for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The sample was randomised into the study group (20 patients) and control group (20 patients). Following fracture fixation by a standardised surgical protocol, the wound closure was done with bidirectional knotless barbed suture and vicryl for the study and control groups, respectively. The wounds were closed in layers (periosteum and mucosa). All operations were performed by a single surgeon. Outcome parameters measured were intraoperative wound closure time and wound healing using 'Landry's wound healing index' on the first, third, and seventh postoperative days. Statistically significant difference in suturing time was noted between the study and control group (p value <0.001). The study group demonstrated a mean (SD) suturing time of 9.46 (2.01) minutes, compared with the 17.61 (2.57) minutes in the control group. Wound healing was found to be better and statistically significant in the study group than the control group (p value<0.001). Knotless barbed suture is a promising alternative to vicryl for intraoral wound closure.
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Dravid A, Betha TP, Sharma AK, Gawali R, Mahajan U, Kulkarni M, Saraf C, Kore S, Dravid M, Rathod N. Efficacy and safety of a single-tablet regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg, lamivudine 300 mg and efavirenz 400 mg as a switch strategy in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected subjects on nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Pune, India. HIV Med 2020; 21:578-587. [PMID: 33021066 PMCID: PMC7539943 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As per National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) estimates, there are 2.1 million people living with HIV (PWH) in India, of whom 1.2 million are on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study explored the use of a single-tablet regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg + lamivudine 300 mg + efavirenz 400 mg (TLE400 STR) as a first-line switch strategy in PWH in Pune, India. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted in private sector ART clinics in three tertiary-level hospitals in Pune, India. PWH > 12 years of age (n = 502) who initiated first-line ART (predominantly TLE600 STR), completed ≥ 6 months of follow-up and achieved virological suppression [plasma viral load (VL) < 1000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL] were identified and switched to TLE400 STR. The virological and immunological efficacy of TLE400 STR at 6 and 12 months of follow-up were noted. Grade 3/4 adverse events (especially efavirenz-related neuropsychiatric adverse events) leading to regimen discontinuation were also noted. RESULTS Of 502 PWH who switched to TLE400 STR, complete virological suppression (VL < 20 copies/mL) was maintained in more than 97% of patients at follow-up. TLE400 STR was successful in maintaining CD4 counts within the range observed at the start of the regimen. Grade 3/4 adverse events leading to TLE400 STR discontinuation were seen in 11 (2.2%) patients. Virological failure (VL > 1000 copies/mL) and treatment regimen failure were seen in six (1.2%) and 49 (9.8%) subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS TLE400 STR exhibits excellent efficacy and safety as a switch strategy and should be introduced in the Indian National ART Program, especially for PWH who are virologically suppressed on TLE600 STR.
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Rakesh CR, Sharma AK, Pathak N, Gahlot GPS. Primary malignant melanoma of the gastroesophageal junction: A rare and unusual disease. Med J Armed Forces India 2020; 77:367-370. [PMID: 34305293 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma, an aggressive tumor of skin, is also seen rarely in extra cutaneous sites like the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Primary melanoma of the GIT by itself is a rare tumor; often metastatic at presentation and if found non-metastatic, it is rarely resectable. We are reporting a histopathologically confirmed case of primary malignant melanoma affecting the 'gastroesophageal junction', which we operated on.
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Choudhary R, Sharma AK. Potential use of hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and azithromycin drugs in fighting COVID-19: trends, scope and relevance. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 35:100684. [PMID: 32322397 PMCID: PMC7175902 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alarming situation has been caused due to the emergence of COVID-19 infection around the world. There is an urgency of developing a therapeutic strategy in order to control the spread of COVID-19. Towards that initiative, potential drugs like hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and azithromycin have been tested by diverse group of researchers worldwide for their potential against novel coronavirus. The present report presents together the comprehensive knowledge derived from the major researches about the above drugs altogether in context of the current health emergency around the world. Hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin were known to act by creating the acidic environment and inhibiting the importin (IMPα/β1) mediated viral import. Azithromycin was found to act similar to the hydroxychloroquine as an acidotropic lipophilic weak base. All the three categories of drugs seemed to potentially act against novel coronavirus infection. However, their efficacies need to be studied in detail individually and in combination in-vivo in order to combat COVID-19 infection.
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Kasinadhuni GN, Kumar H M, Sharma AK, Vijayvergiya R. Brucella endocarditis of pulmonary valve: a rare presentation. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/3/e229269. [PMID: 32198223 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-229269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is one of the most frequent zoonotic infections. Cardiac involvement is rare and when involved, affects aortic valve the most. The appearance of a new murmur on clinical examination during sepsis should suspect seeding on valves. Our patient had pulmonary valve endocarditis secondary to brucellosis which was managed with pharmacotherapy as there was no valvular pathology. Triple therapy is standard of care and usually given for months, non-response to pharmacological treatment warrants surgical intervention. Our patient completed the triple-drug regimen at 3 months and is asymptomatic at present.
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Kumar P, Dalal V, Kokane A, Singh S, Lonare S, Kaur H, Ghosh DK, Kumar P, Sharma AK. Mutation studies and structure-based identification of potential inhibitor molecules against periplasmic amino acid binding protein of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLasTcyA). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:1228-1238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yadav S, Sharma AK, Kumar P. Nanoscale Self-Assembly for Therapeutic Delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:127. [PMID: 32158749 PMCID: PMC7051917 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly is the process of association of individual units of a material into highly arranged/ordered structures/patterns. It imparts unique properties to both inorganic and organic structures, so generated, via non-covalent interactions. Currently, self-assembled nanomaterials are finding a wide variety of applications in the area of nanotechnology, imaging techniques, biosensors, biomedical sciences, etc., due to its simplicity, spontaneity, scalability, versatility, and inexpensiveness. Self-assembly of amphiphiles into nanostructures (micelles, vesicles, and hydrogels) happens due to various physical interactions. Recent advancements in the area of drug delivery have opened up newer avenues to develop novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) and self-assembled nanostructures have shown their tremendous potential to be used as facile and efficient materials for this purpose. The main objective of the projected review is to provide readers a concise and straightforward knowledge of basic concepts of supramolecular self-assembly process and how these highly functionalized and efficient nanomaterials can be useful in biomedical applications. Approaches for the self-assembly have been discussed for the fabrication of nanostructures. Advantages and limitations of these systems along with the parameters that are to be taken into consideration while designing a therapeutic delivery vehicle have also been outlined. In this review, various macro- and small-molecule-based systems have been elaborated. Besides, a section on DNA nanostructures as intelligent materials for future applications is also included.
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Stewart K, Sharma AK. The utilization of CTA in management of gastrointestinal bleeding in a tertiary care center ED. Are we using it enough? Am J Emerg Med 2020; 39:60-64. [PMID: 31987743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common patient presentation to the Emergency Department (ED) and the source can be difficult to diagnose. PROCEDURE Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a new but validated modality with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis and treatment of GI bleeds, especially in differentiating arterial from venous bleeding. With high reported validity of CTA, some studies have suggested its ability to better triage patients in the ED and impact ED workflow and resource utilization. We evaluated the use of CTA use an academic tertiary care center ED for GI bleeding. FINDINGS Retrospective chart review of 1493 patient (2012-2015), one - way ANOVA, and one-tail t-test, found CTA is used significantly less (0.7%) compared to classical endoscopy (75.7%, p < .001), video capsule endoscopy (VCE)(4.8%, p < .001), tagged red blood cell scintigraphy(4.4%, p < .001), and traditional catheter-directed angiography(2.88%, p < .001). In our subset of 11 CTA cases, we found mean time (in hours) to CTA was faster than mean time to endoscopy, 31:47 [95% CI: -7:50-71:24] and 42:44 [95% CI: 18:27-67:01] respectively. The difference in means between time to CTA and time to endoscopy did not achieve statistical significance, 12:57 h [95% CI -18:51-44:45; p = .40]. CONCLUSION We concluded that in light of its validation against these other diagnostic modalities, CTA may be underutilized in the care of patients with GI bleeding and should be studied further to study its impact on early risk stratification, treatment, and resource utilization.
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Kumar P, Dalal V, Sharma N, Kokane S, Ghosh DK, Kumar P, Sharma AK. Characterization of the heavy metal binding properties of periplasmic metal uptake protein CLas-ZnuA2. Metallomics 2020; 12:280-289. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), a phloem-limited unculturable Gram-negative bacterium, causes citrus greening disease.
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