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Willis S, Young B, Leyland-Jones B. Deletions at 1P13.3 is Associated with Significantly Adverse Prognosis in Breast Cancer. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt084.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Young B, Dunstone RL, Senden TJ, Young GC. A gigantic sarcopterygian (tetrapodomorph lobe-finned fish) from the upper Devonian of Gondwana (Eden, New South Wales, Australia). PLoS One 2013; 8:e53871. [PMID: 23483884 PMCID: PMC3590215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Edenopteron keithcrooki gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Famennian Worange Point Formation; the holotype is amongst the largest tristichopterids and sarcopterygians documented by semi-articulated remains from the Devonian Period. The new taxon has dentary fangs and premaxillary tusks, features assumed to be derived for large Northern Hemisphere tristichopterids (Eusthenodon, Hyneria, Langlieria). It resembles Eusthenodon in ornament, but is distinguished by longer proportions of the parietal compared to the post-parietal shield, and numerous differences in shape and proportions of other bones. Several characters (accessory vomers in the palate, submandibulars overlapping ventral jaw margin, scales ornamented with widely-spaced deep grooves) are recorded only in tristichopterids from East Gondwana (Australia-Antarctica). On this evidence Edenopteron gen. nov. is placed in an endemic Gondwanan subfamily Mandageriinae within the Tristichopteridae; it differs from the nominal genotype Mandageria in its larger size, less pointed skull, shape of the orbits and other skull characters. The hypothesis that tristichopterids evolved in Laurussia and later dispersed into Gondwana, and a derived subgroup of large Late Devonian genera dispersed from Gondwana, is inconsistent with the evidence of the new taxon. Using oldest fossil and most primitive clade criteria the most recent phylogeny resolves South China and Gondwana as areas of origin for all tetrapodomorphs. The immediate outgroup to tristichopterids remains unresolved - either Spodichthys from Greenland as recently proposed, or Marsdenichthys from Gondwana, earlier suggested to be the sister group to all tristichopterids. Both taxa combine two characters that do not co-occur in other tetrapodomorphs (extratemporal bone in the skull; non-cosmoid round scales with an internal boss). Recently both 'primitive' and 'derived' tristichopterids have been discovered in the late Middle Devonian of both hemispheres, implying extensive ghost lineages within the group. Resolving their phylogeny and biogeography will depend on a comprehensive new phylogenetic analysis.
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Kendrick D, Wynn P, Young B, Mason-Jones A, Ilyas N, Achana F, Cooper N, Hubbard S, Sutton A, Smith S, Mulvaney C, Watson M, Coupland C. Systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of home safety interventions (education and provision of safety equipment) for child injury prevention. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590a.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kendrick D, Young B, Mason-Jones AJ, Ilyas N, Achana FA, Cooper NJ, Hubbard SJ, Sutton AJ, Smith S, Wynn P, Mulvaney C, Watson MC, Coupland C. Home safety education and provision of safety equipment for injury prevention. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 2012:CD005014. [PMID: 22972081 PMCID: PMC9758703 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005014.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In industrialised countries injuries (including burns, poisoning or drowning) are the leading cause of childhood death and steep social gradients exist in child injury mortality and morbidity. The majority of injuries in pre-school children occur at home but there is little meta-analytic evidence that child home safety interventions reduce injury rates or improve a range of safety practices, and little evidence on their effect by social group. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effectiveness of home safety education, with or without the provision of low cost, discounted or free equipment (hereafter referred to as home safety interventions), in reducing child injury rates or increasing home safety practices and whether the effect varied by social group. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (2009, Issue 2) in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), ISI Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), ISI Web of Science: Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), ISI Web of Science: Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S), CINAHL (EBSCO) and DARE (2009, Issue 2) in The Cochrane Library. We also searched websites and conference proceedings and searched the bibliographies of relevant studies and previously published reviews. We contacted authors of included studies as well as relevant organisations. The most recent search for trials was May 2009. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised controlled trials and controlled before and after (CBA) studies where home safety education with or without the provision of safety equipment was provided to those aged 19 years and under, and which reported injury, safety practices or possession of safety equipment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed study quality and extracted data. We attempted to obtain individual participant level data (IPD) for all included studies and summary data and IPD were simultaneously combined in meta-regressions by social and demographic variables. Pooled incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated for injuries which occurred during the studies, and pooled odds ratios were calculated for the uptake of safety equipment or safety practices, with 95% confidence intervals. MAIN RESULTS Ninety-eight studies, involving 2,605,044 people, are included in this review. Fifty-four studies involving 812,705 people were comparable enough to be included in at least one meta-analysis. Thirty-five (65%) studies were RCTs. Nineteen (35%) of the studies included in the meta-analysis provided IPD.There was a lack of evidence that home safety interventions reduced rates of thermal injuries or poisoning. There was some evidence that interventions may reduce injury rates after adjusting CBA studies for baseline injury rates (IRR 0.89, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.01). Greater reductions in injury rates were found for interventions delivered in the home (IRR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.91), and for those interventions not providing safety equipment (IRR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.92).Home safety interventions were effective in increasing the proportion of families with safe hot tap water temperatures (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.86), functional smoke alarms (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.52), a fire escape plan (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.77), storing medicines (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.84) and cleaning products (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.96) out of reach, having syrup of ipecac (OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.50 to 7.44) or poison control centre numbers accessible (OR 3.30, 95% CI 1.70 to 6.39), having fitted stair gates (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.17), and having socket covers on unused sockets (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.46 to 4.96).Interventions providing free, low cost or discounted safety equipment appeared to be more effective in improving some safety practices than those interventions not doing so. There was no consistent evidence that interventions were less effective in families whose children were at greater risk of injury. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Home safety interventions most commonly provided as one-to-one, face-to-face education, especially with the provision of safety equipment, are effective in increasing a range of safety practices. There is some evidence that such interventions may reduce injury rates, particularly where interventions are provided at home. Conflicting findings regarding interventions providing safety equipment on safety practices and injury outcomes are likely to be explained by two large studies; one clinic-based study provided equipment but did not reduce injury rates and one school-based study did not provide equipment but did demonstrate a significant reduction in injury rates. There was no consistent evidence that home safety education, with or without the provision of safety equipment, was less effective in those participants at greater risk of injury. Further studies are still required to confirm these findings with respect to injury rates.
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Whitston M, Chung S, Henderson J, Young B. What can be learned about the impact of diabetes on hospital admissions from routinely recorded data? Diabet Med 2012; 29:1199-205. [PMID: 22150293 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether inpatients with diabetes have different lengths of stay, day-case listing rates or emergency readmission rates compared with those without diabetes receiving similar treatment. METHOD English 2007-2008 Hospital Episode Statistics were analysed alone and after linkage to the 1.6 million people included in the 2007-2008 English National Diabetes Audit. Length of stay, day-case listing rates and emergency readmission rates were compared between those with and without diabetes by Health Resource Group chapter. Using univariate and multivariate statistics, the potential influences of age, sex, social deprivation, type and complexity of admission were considered. RESULTS Of all inpatient spells in Hospital Episode Statistics, 6.2% have diabetes coded at discharge. Substantial under-recording of diabetes has been identified-a further 3% of inpatient spells involve people with diabetes. Inpatients with recorded diabetes stay in hospital for 100% longer on average, are 50% less likely to be treated as day cases and are almost 100% more likely to be readmitted as an emergency. The adverse impact of diabetes on length of stay was similar to that for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most of this adverse effect was in patients coded with diabetes in Hospital Episode Statistics. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that diabetes is independently associated with increased length of stay. The effect differed up to threefold between hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes has an independent adverse effect on key aspects of hospital inpatient stays. If the lowest levels of adverse impact on inpatients with diabetes were more common, substantial cost savings and improved experience of care would be realized.
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Young B, Ellobody E, Hu TWC. 3D Visualization of Structures Using Finite-Element Analysis in Teaching. JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2012. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)ei.1943-5541.0000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Wilson JS, Forister ML, Dyer LA, O'Connor JM, Burls K, Feldman CR, Jaramillo MA, Miller JS, Rodríguez-Castañeda G, Tepe EJ, Whitfield JB, Young B. Host conservatism, host shifts and diversification across three trophic levels in two Neotropical forests. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:532-46. [PMID: 22268676 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02446.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Host-parasite systems have been models for understanding the connection between shifts in resource use and diversification. Despite theoretical expectations, ambiguity remains regarding the frequency and importance of host switches as drivers of speciation in herbivorous insects and their parasitoids. We examine phylogenetic patterns with multiple genetic markers across three trophic levels using a diverse lineage of geometrid moths (Eois), specialist braconid parasitoids (Parapanteles) and plants in the genus Piper. Host-parasite associations are mapped onto phylogenies, and levels of cospeciation are assessed. We find nonrandom patterns of host use within both the moth and wasp phylogenies. The moth-plant associations in particular are characterized by small radiations of moths associated with unique host plants in the same geographic area (i.e. closely related moths using the same host plant species). We suggest a model of diversification that emphasizes an interplay of factors including host shifts, vicariance and adaptation to intraspecific variation within hosts.
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Abramovitz M, Barwick BG, Willis S, Young B, Catzavelos C, Li Z, Kodani M, Tang W, Bouzyk M, Moreno CS, Leyland-Jones B. Molecular characterisation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast tumour specimens using a custom 512-gene breast cancer bead array-based platform. Br J Cancer 2011; 105:1574-81. [PMID: 22067903 PMCID: PMC3242517 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumour tissue represents an immense but mainly untapped resource with respect to molecular profiling. The DASL (cDNA-mediated Annealing, Selection, extension, and Ligation) assay is a recently described, RT–PCR-based, highly multiplexed high-throughput gene expression platform developed by Illumina specifically for fragmented RNA typically obtained from FFPE specimens, which enables expression profiling. In order to extend the utility of the DASL assay for breast cancer, we have custom designed and validated a 512-gene human breast cancer panel. Methods: The RNA from FFPE breast tumour specimens were analysed using the DASL assay. Breast cancer subtype was defined from pathology immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Differentially expressed genes between the IHC-defined subtypes were assessed by prediction analysis of microarrays (PAM) and then used in the analysis of two published data sets with clinical outcome data. Results: Gene expression signatures on our custom breast cancer panel were very reproducible between replicates (average Pearson's R2=0.962) and the 152 genes common to both the standard cancer DASL panel (Illumina) and our breast cancer DASL panel were similarly expressed for samples run on both panels (average R2=0.877). Moreover, expression of ESR1, PGR and ERBB2 corresponded well with their respective pathology-defined IHC status. A 30-gene set indicative of IHC-defined breast cancer subtypes was found to segregate samples based on their subtype in our data sets and published data sets. Furthermore, several of these genes were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in these previously published data sets, indicating that they are biomarkers of the different breast cancer subtypes and the prognostic outcomes associated with these subtypes. Conclusion: We have demonstrated the ability to expression profile degraded RNA transcripts derived from FFPE tissues on the DASL platform. Importantly, we have identified a 30-biomarker gene set that can classify breast cancer into subtypes and have shown that a subset of these markers is prognostic of OS and RFS.
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Young B, Vanig T, DeJesus E, Hawkins T, St Clair M, Stancil B, Ha B. 96-week results of a pilot study of abacavir/lamivudine and raltegravir in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-1-infected patients: the SHIELD trial. HIV CLINICAL TRIALS 2011; 12:228-33. [PMID: 22044859 DOI: 10.1310/hct1204-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jayakody S, Young K, Young B, Ferch R. Serial spread of benign metastasizing leiomyoma to the thoracic spine. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 18:1135-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Holman N, Lewis-Barned N, Bell R, Stephens H, Modder J, Gardosi J, Dornhorst A, Hillson R, Young B, Murphy HR. Development and evaluation of a standardized registry for diabetes in pregnancy using data from the Northern, North West and East Anglia regional audits. Diabet Med 2011; 28:797-804. [PMID: 21294773 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03259.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and evaluate a standardized data set for measuring pregnancy outcomes in women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and to compare recent outcomes with those of the 2002-2003 Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health. METHODS Existing regional, national and international data sets were compared for content, consistency and validity to develop a standardized data set for diabetes in pregnancy of 46 key clinical items. The data set was tested retrospectively using data from 2007-2008 pregnancies included in three regional audits (Northern, North West and East Anglia). Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting in a stillbirth or live birth were compared with those from the same regions during 2002-2003. RESULTS Details of 1381 pregnancies, 812 (58.9%) in women with Type 1 diabetes and 556 (40.3%) in women with Type 2 diabetes, were available to test the proposed standardized data set. Of the 46 data items proposed, only 16 (34.8%), predominantly the delivery and neonatal items, achieved ≥ 85% completeness. Ethnic group data were available for 746 (54.0%) pregnancies and BMI for 627 (46.5%) pregnancies. Glycaemic control data were most complete-available for 1217 pregnancies (88.1%), during the first trimester. Only 239 women (19.9%) had adequate pregnancy preparation, defined as pre-conception folic acid and first trimester HbA(1c) ≤ 7% (≤ 53 mmol/mol). Serious adverse outcome rates (major malformation and perinatal mortality) were 55/1000 and had not improved since 2002-2003. CONCLUSIONS A standardized data set for diabetes in pregnancy may improve consistency of data collection and allow for more meaningful evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in women with pregestational diabetes.
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Shilling V, Williamson PR, Hickey H, Sowden E, Smyth RL, Young B. Processes in recruitment to randomised controlled trials of medicines for children (RECRUIT): a qualitative study. Health Technol Assess 2011; 15:1-116. [DOI: 10.3310/hta15150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Jackson C, Dixon-Woods M, Tobin M, Young B, Heney D, Pritchard-Jones K. Seeking consent to tissue banking: a survey of health professionals in childhood cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2011; 18:391-400. [PMID: 19594610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2008.01033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To identify the views of health professionals working in childhood cancer on seeking consent to tissue banking from potential donors. Self-completion questionnaires sent to 553 UK paediatric oncology health professionals. The response rate was 60%. Respondents (100%) were in favour of using tissue samples from children with cancer for research. A substantial minority (30%) had concerns about the impact of the law on their professional role in relation to tissue banking. Almost all (90%) reported that both the parent(s) and the child, if able, should be asked for consent, though the UK Human Tissue Act provides that a competent child's consent is sufficient. Most (94%) supported 'generic' rather than 'specific' consent. Barriers to obtaining consent included: (1) timing of the approach to families; (2) availability of suitable staff; (3) sensitivity of the issues; (4) difficulties of managing the process; and (5) problems of maintaining a paper trail. Many would welcome training on seeking consent. Personal knowledge and relationships with families are often seen as important in guiding the proper approach to consent rather than formalized rules. There is widespread support among health professionals for tissue banking in childhood cancer. In sensitive situations, disciplined exercise of professional discretion might better deliver on aspirations for regulation than rigid procedures.
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Climstein M, Burke S, Walsh J, Adams K, DeBeliso M, Heazlewood I, Kettunen J, Medic N, Young B, Brock K. Sydney 2009 World Masters Games: Participants medical and health history survey. J Sci Med Sport 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Young B. The organisation of diabetes care. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2010. [DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2010.s05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Mannari D, Gascoyne D, Dunne J, Chaplin T, Young B. A novel exon in AML1-ETO negatively influences the clonogenic potential of the t(8;21) in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2010; 24:891-4. [PMID: 20111069 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Remesat D, Young B, Svrcek W. Improving vacuum gas oil hydrotreating operation via a lumped parameter dynamic simulation modeling approach. Chem Eng Res Des 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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McQuarrie EP, Mackinnon B, Young B, Yeoman L, Stewart G, Fleming S, Robertson S, Simpson K, Fox J, Geddes CC. Centre variation in incidence, indication and diagnosis of adult native renal biopsy in Scotland. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 24:1524-8. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfn677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Huang HY, Daar ES, Sax PE, Young B, Cook P, Benson P, Cohen C, Scribner A, Hu H. The prevalence of transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance in treatment-naïve patients and factors influencing first-line treatment regimen selection. HIV Med 2008; 9:285-93. [PMID: 18400075 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of transmitted antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance, and to assess whether resistance testing influences first-line ARV regimen selection. METHODS Data on patients' characteristics were collected through questionnaires. ARV drug resistance was tested by genotypic methods and defined by Quest-Stanford classification rule. Physicians reported the intended and actual treatments and the factors considered in treatment selection. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were included. The prevalence of ARV drug resistance was 12.1%, with 9.8% for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 4.5% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 1.8% for protease inhibitors (PIs). Pill burdens, dosing frequency and physicians' experience with regimens were the major factors considered in treatment selection. The intended and actual treatment differed for 73 and 44% of the patients with and without ARV drug resistance, respectively [odds ratio (95% confidence interval, CI)=3.6 (1.5-9.0), P=0.006]. NNRTI-based regimens were intended for 10 patients with resistance to NNRTIs; these patients were prescribed PI-based regimens after genotypic testing. CONCLUSIONS Transmitted ARV drug resistance was detected in 12.1% of treatment-naïve patients, with resistance to NNRTIs the most common. Resistance-testing results played a partial role in first-line treatment selection. However, resistance to NNRTIs pre-empted NNRTI use.
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Al Thenayan E, Savard M, Sharpe M, Norton L, Young B. Predictors of poor neurologic outcome after induced mild hypothermia following cardiac arrest. Neurology 2008; 71:1535-7. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000334205.81148.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Young B. A4.5. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Turnbull A, Young B, Hayer K, Bacon J, York J, Farmer S. A practical perspective of computerised radiography on a mobile screening van. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3332614 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Schmitt SM, Buckley S, Ratcliff S, Young B. Use of digital design in the reconstruction of vascularized fibula grafts. DENTISTRY TODAY 2008; 27:64-67. [PMID: 18605107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Nagayama M, Iwamoto M, Hargett A, Kamiya N, Tamamura Y, Young B, Morrison T, Takeuchi H, Pacifici M, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Koyama E. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates cranial base development and growth. J Dent Res 2008; 87:244-9. [PMID: 18296608 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt proteins and beta-catenin signaling regulate major processes during embryonic development, and we hypothesized that they regulate cranial base synchondrosis development and growth. To address this issue, we analyzed cartilage-specific beta-catenin-deficient mice. Mutant synchondroses lacked typical growth plate zones, and endochondral ossification was delayed. In reciprocal transgenic experiments, cartilage overexpression of a constitutive active Lef1, a transcriptional mediator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, caused precocious chondrocyte hypertrophy and intermingling of immature and mature chondrocytes. The developmental changes seen in beta-catenin-deficient synchondroses were accompanied by marked reductions in Ihh and PTHrP as well as sFRP-1, an endogenous Wnt signaling antagonist and a potential Ihh signaling target. Thus, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is essential for cranial base development and synchondrosis growth plate function. This pathway promotes chondrocyte maturation and ossification events, and may exert this important role by dampening the effects of Ihh-PTHrP together with sFRP-1.
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Mhando S, Young B, Lakhoo K. The scope of emergency paediatric surgery in Tanzania. Pediatr Surg Int 2008; 24:219-22. [PMID: 18038117 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-007-2072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article helps to outline the scope of emergency paediatric operations in Tanzania by quantifying the nature of cases seen over a 12 month period in a teaching hospital. Data collected at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) showed that operative paediatric surgical emergencies represented 4% of all paediatric admissions. Of emergency procedures, 47 (43%) were for congenital abnormalities, 32 (29%) for infections, 19 (17%) for trauma and 12 (11%) for other reasons. Emergency operative mortality was 34%. The challenges to meet patient needs in the African setting include: a scarcity of surgeons with training in paediatric surgery, the variety of conditions which all surgeons must manage, a lack of equipment (e.g., neonatal ventilators) and educational resources. Potential avenues for overcoming these challenges are discussed, including the promotion of paediatric surgery as a profession, by the expansion of existing facilities, promoting African associations of paediatric surgery and highlighting the need for resources and continued education and training. We argue that surgical training in developing countries should include the skills needed to treat those paediatric conditions most likely to require urgent surgical intervention.
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Lee SW, Herage T, He I, Young B. Particulate characteristics data for the management of PM2.5 emissions from stationary combustion sources. POWDER TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2007.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Young B, DeJesus E, Morales-Ramirez JO, Ebrahimi R, Maa JF, McColl D, Farajallah A, Seekins D, Flaherty JF. Simplification of therapy (ART) with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF single tablet regimen vs. continued ART in suppressed, HIV-infected patients. J Int AIDS Soc 2008. [DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-11-s1-p61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fenwick F, Young B, McGuckin R, Robinson MJ, Taha Y, Taylor CE, Toms GL. Diagnosis of human metapneumovirus by immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies in the North-East of England. J Clin Virol 2007; 40:193-6. [PMID: 17869169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2007.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since its discovery in 2001 human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has been shown to be a significant cause of human respiratory disease, responsible for 5-8% of respiratory infections in hospitalised children. Diagnosis hitherto has been largely carried out by reverse tanscriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) but immunofluorescence staining of cells from nasopharyngeal secretions (IF) offers advantages for some laboratories and may produce a more rapid result in urgent cases. We have recently demonstrated that IF with a rabbit antiserum gave sensitivity equal to that of RT-PCR. However, monoclonal antibodies offer a more plentiful, uniform IF reagent. OBJECTIVES Here we have evaluated a pool of anti-hMPV monoclonal antibodies in the routine diagnosis of respiratory infections in hospitalised infants and children. STUDY DESIGN Eight hundred and fifty-seven routine respiratory specimens were tested by IF with rabbit polyclonal antiserum and monoclonal antibody pool in parallel. A further 1003 specimens were tested with the monoclonal antibody pool alone. All specimens were also tested for a panel of other respiratory viruses by IF. RESULTS Both rabbit polyclonal antiserum and monoclonal antibody pool gave positive results in 56 and negative results in 797 specimens. The rabbit polyclonal antibody detected virus in a further two specimens which were negative when tested with the monoclonal pool giving a concordance of 96.6% and a specificity of 100% for the monoclonal antibody pool. Overall hMPV was detected in 5% of specimens whilst 18.4% were positive for hRSV. CONCLUSIONS The monoclonal antibody pool-based IF is a robust assay suitable for routine use with a sensitivity only slightly less than that of the other major diagnostic methodologies available.
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Bosch W, Straube W, Matthews J, Michalski J, Deasy J, Young B, O'Meara E, Curran W, Cox J, Purdy J. A Survey of the ITC Volumetric Treatment Planning Data Archive Supporting RTOG Advanced Technology Clinical Trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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130
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Young B, Gallois P, Delorme V, Blanvillain R. A novel peptide that regulates cell death in the Arabidopsis suspensor. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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131
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Alfonzo AVM, Fox JG, Imrie CW, Roditi G, Young B. Acute renal cortical necrosis in a series of young men with severe acute pancreatitis. Clin Nephrol 2007; 66:223-31. [PMID: 17063988 DOI: 10.5414/cnp66223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse renal cortical necrosis from any cause is rare in the Western World. Over the last 5 decades, there have been isolated case reports of acute cortical necrosis as a consequence of acute pancreatitis, but the long-term outcome of these patients has not previously been reported. Here, we report 3 young men, aged 16-21 years, who have presented over the past 19 years with severe acute pancreatitis associated with oliguric acute renal failure. They were all found to have diffuse renal cortical necrosis and consequently made no renal recovery. Despite the appreciable mortality associated with acute pancreatitis complicated by acute renal failure, they all survived the initial illness and all have successfully undergone renal transplantation. We present a detailed account of each patient including diagnostic strategies and discuss the possible factors contributing to a favorable outcome in these patients.
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Young B, Dean JD. Navigating services for people with diabetes through the storms of health-care policy development. Diabet Med 2006; 23:1277-80. [PMID: 17116175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.02006.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Turnbull AE, Bagnall M, Young B, Holmes J. The NHSBSP age extension: completed first-round statistics from Southern Derbyshire – why it works for us! Breast Cancer Res 2006. [PMCID: PMC3332732 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Landen OL, Glenzer S, Froula D, Dewald E, Suter LJ, Schneider M, Hinkel D, Fernandez J, Kline J, Goldman S, Braun D, Celliers P, Moon S, Robey H, Lanier N, Glendinning G, Blue B, Wilde B, Jones O, Schein J, Divol L, Kalantar D, Campbell K, Holder J, McDonald J, Niemann C, Mackinnon A, Collins R, Bradley D, Eggert J, Hicks D, Gregori G, Kirkwood R, Niemann C, Young B, Foster J, Hansen F, Perry T, Munro D, Baldis H, Grim G, Heeter R, Hegelich B, Montgomery D, Rochau G, Olson R, Turner R, Workman J, Berger R, Cohen B, Kruer W, Langdon B, Langer S, Meezan N, Rose H, Still B, Williams E, Dodd E, Edwards J, Monteil MC, Stevenson M, Thomas B, Coker R, Magelssen G, Rosen P, Stry P, Woods D, Weber S, Alvarez S, Armstrong G, Bahr R, Bourgade JL, Bower D, Celeste J, Chrisp M, Compton S, Cox J, Constantin C, Costa R, Duncan J, Ellis A, Emig J, Gautier C, Greenwood A, Griffith R, Holdner F, Holtmeier G, Hargrove D, James T, Kamperschroer J, Kimbrough J, Landon M, Lee D, Malone R, May M, Montelongo S, Moody J, Ng E, Nikitin A, Pellinen D, Piston K, Poole M, Rekow V, Rhodes M, Shepherd R, Shiromizu S, Voloshin D, Warrick A, Watts P, Weber F, Young P, Arnold P, Atherton L, Bardsley G, Bonanno R, Borger T, Bowers M, Bryant R, Buckman S, Burkhart S, Cooper F, Dixit S, Erbert G, Eder D, Ehrlich B, Felker B, Fornes J, Frieders G, Gardner S, Gates C, Gonzalez M, Grace S, Hall T, Haynam C, Heestand G, Henesian M, Hermann M, Hermes G, Huber S, Jancaitis K, Johnson S, Kauffman B, Kelleher T, Kohut T, Koniges AE, Labiak T, Latray D, Lee A, Lund D, Mahavandi S, Manes KR, Marshall C, McBride J, McCarville T, McGrew L, Menapace J, Mertens E, Munro D, Murray J, Neumann J, Newton M, Opsahl P, Padilla E, Parham T, Parrish G, Petty C, Polk M, Powell C, Reinbachs I, Rinnert R, Riordan B, Ross G, Robert V, Tobin M, Sailors S, Saunders R, Schmitt M, Shaw M, Singh M, Spaeth M, Stephens A, Tietbohl G, Tuck J, Van Wonterghem B, Vidal R, Wegner P, Whitman P, Williams K, Winward K, Work K, Wallace R, Nobile A, Bono M, Day B, Elliott J, Hatch D, Louis H, Manzenares R, O'Brien D, Papin P, Pierce T, Rivera G, Ruppe J, Sandoval D, Schmidt D, Valdez L, Zapata K, MacGowan B, Eckart M, Hsing W, Springer P, Hammel B, Moses E, Miller G. The first experiments on the national ignition facility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2006133009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Chebrolu H, Slevin JT, Gash DA, Gerhardt GA, Young B, Given CA, Smith CD. MRI volumetric and intensity analysis of the cerebellum in Parkinson's disease patients infused with glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Exp Neurol 2006; 198:450-6. [PMID: 16455079 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent human therapeutic trial using intraputaminal infusion of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in Parkinson's disease (PD) was abruptly terminated, partly due to safety concerns raised by the finding of cerebellar lesions in monkeys given high-dose GDNF. METHODS Magnetic resonance images from nine PD patients participating in this trial were analyzed to determine whether subtle volumetric or intensity changes could be detected in the cerebellum or elsewhere following GDNF treatment for over 1 year. Subtraction images were compared to a reference standard deviation map constructed by using identically-processed paired scans from 25 normal adults. In a separate voxel-based group morphometric (VBM) analysis of the same patient images, grey matter intensity was compared between pre and post-GDNF infusion scans using a repeated measures ANOVA with family-wise error threshold of P = 0.10. Two expert readers independently reviewed serial FLAIR images from all patients. RESULTS (1) There were no significant cerebellar differences in any of the nine individual PD patients (difference image analysis), (2) there were no significant morphometric differences between pre- and post-GDNF scans (VBM), and (3) there were no signal abnormalities in the cerebellum detected on the FLAIR images in PD patients (clinical scan review). CONCLUSIONS In concert with lack of evidence of cerebellar dysfunction on clinical examination, we find no imaging evidence of cerebellar injury in human subjects undergoing chronic intracerebral GDNF infusion.
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Joss N, Baxter G, Young B, Buist L, Rodger RSC. Lobar nephronia in a transplanted kidney. Clin Nephrol 2005; 64:311-4. [PMID: 16240904 DOI: 10.5414/cnp64311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a patient who presented with a solid mass in her graft 15 years after renal transplantation. The appearances by ultrasound were consistent with either malignancy or lobar nephronia (focal acute bacterial nephritis). Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a lobar nephronia with marked inflammatory infiltrate and frank pus formation. Treatment with antibiotics was associated with resolution of the mass. Lobar nephronia is a diagnosis based upon renal ultrasonography and must be considered in a patient with a solid mass in the kidney.
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Hawkins T, Geist C, Young B, Giblin A, Mercier RC, Thornton K, Haubrich R. Comparison of neuropsychiatric side effects in an observational cohort of efavirenz- and protease inhibitor-treated patients. HIV CLINICAL TRIALS 2005; 6:187-96. [PMID: 16214735 DOI: 10.1310/92vr-fp24-j8ga-b49q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the extent of neuropsychiatric disturbances in two similar groups of HIV-infected patients treated for >4 weeks with either efavirenz (EFV) or protease inhibitors (PIs) as part of their antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHOD A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based cohort of HIV patients who received two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors combined with either EFV (n = 75) or one or more PIs (n = 77) for at least 4 weeks and were tolerating therapy. The extent of neuropsychiatric disturbances was evaluated based on self-reported symptoms using the psychological evaluation test SCL-90-R. Treatment duration was broken down into quartiles of 30-198 days, >198-365 days, >365-637 days, and >637 days. RESULTS In the first 6 months of therapy, significantly higher (worse) scores were seen in 39/75 (52%) of the patients receiving EFV. The EFV-treated group had significantly higher scores for somatization, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, the Global Severity Index, and the Positive Symptom Distress Index, with trends for higher scores in paranoid ideation and depression symptom subcategories. Over the following 6 to 12 months of therapy, the EFV group scored higher than the PI group in somatization, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, hostility, depression, the Global Severity Index, and the Positive Symptom Total, but the differences were not significant. After 12 months of therapy, the EFV group had significantly lower scores than the PI group for somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, Global Severity Index, and Positive Symptom Total. CONCLUSION EFV-induced neuropsychiatric symptoms can last up to 200 days after treatment initiation. However, symptom severity appears to decline over time in EFV-treated patients versus patients treated with a PI-based ART.
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Guo Y, Young B, Hainley S, Palmer JL, Bruera E. Symptoms and management of symptoms in cancer patients who underwent acute inpatient rehabilitation. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.8059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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139
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Arbogast J, Yaussy C, Reece B, Young B. The impact of an ultra-mild foaming hand cleanser on skin health of healthcare workers: Can laboratory findings be validated in a clinical healthcare setting? Am J Infect Control 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.04.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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140
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Kjellstrand C, Blagg C, Ing T, Young B. A study of 8 hour long night dialysis with the Aksys PHD dialysis system. Hemodial Int 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121ae.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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141
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Kjellstrand C, Ting G, Traeger J, Sibai-Galland R, Blagg C, Young B. Quotidian dialysis Survival in 221 patients treated by short daily hemodialysis for 315 patient years. Hemodial Int 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121ac.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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142
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Kjellstrand C, Blagg C, Young B, Bower J, Twardowski Z. 106 Patient-years experience with the Aksys PHD System for quotidian home hemodialysis. Hemodial Int 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.1121ad.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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143
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Dutta P, Kwok Y, Herman J, Chin L, Colliver C, St. Clair W, Petit J, Young B, Regine W. Comparison of repeat GK-SRS for refractory or recurrent trigeminal neuralgia: Does dose matter. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.07.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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144
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Jennett PA, Scott RE, Affleck Hall L, Hailey D, Ohinmaa A, Anderson C, Thomas R, Young B, Lorenzetti D. Policy implications associated with the socioeconomic and health system impact of telehealth: a case study from Canada. Telemed J E Health 2004; 10:77-83. [PMID: 15104919 DOI: 10.1089/153056204773644616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was undertaken to inform future telehealth policy directions regarding the socioeconomic impact of telehealth. Fifty-seven sources were identified and analyzed through a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases, the Internet, journals, conference proceedings, as well as personal communication with consultants in the field. The review revealed a focus on certain socioeconomic indicators such as cost, access, and satisfaction. It also identified areas of opportunity for further research and policy analysis and development (e.g., social isolation, life stress, poverty), along with various barriers and challenges to the advancement of telehealth. These included confidentiality, reimbursement, and legal and ethical considerations. To become fully integrated into the health care system, telehealth must be viewed as more than an add-on service. This paper offers 19 general and 20 subject-specific telehealth recommendations, as well as seven policy strategies.
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Jennett PA, Affleck Hall L, Hailey D, Ohinmaa A, Anderson C, Thomas R, Young B, Lorenzetti D, Scott RE. The socio-economic impact of telehealth: a systematic review. J Telemed Telecare 2004; 9:311-20. [PMID: 14680514 DOI: 10.1258/135763303771005207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed the socio-economic impact of telehealth, focusing on nine main areas: paediatrics, geriatrics, First Nations (i.e. indigenous peoples), home care, mental health, radiology, renal dialysis, rural/remote health services and rehabilitation. A systematic search led to the identification of 4646 citations or abstracts; from these, 306 sources were analysed. A central finding was that telehealth studies to date have not used socio-economic indicators consistently. However, specific telehealth applications have been shown to offer significant socio-economic benefit, to patients and families, health-care providers and the health-care system. The main benefits identified were: increased access to health services, cost-effectiveness, enhanced educational opportunities, improved health outcomes, better quality of care, better quality of life and enhanced social support. Although the review found a number of areas of socio-economic benefit, there is the continuing problem of limited generalizability.
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146
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Hynes J, McComb T, Young B. Heparin Use in Daily Hemodialysis. Hemodial Int 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1492-7535.2004.0085al.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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147
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Riley RD, Burchill SA, Abrams KR, Heney D, Lambert PC, Jones DR, Sutton AJ, Young B, Wailoo AJ, Lewis IJ. A systematic review and evaluation of the use of tumour markers in paediatric oncology: Ewing's sarcoma and neuroblastoma. Health Technol Assess 2003; 7:1-162. [PMID: 12633526 DOI: 10.3310/hta7050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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148
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Parker G, Bhakta P, Lovett CA, Paisley S, Olsen R, Turner D, Young B. A systematic review of the costs and effectiveness of different models of paediatric home care. Health Technol Assess 2003; 6:iii-108. [PMID: 12633528 DOI: 10.3310/hta6350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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149
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Ellis RJ, Vertocnik A, Sodee B, Zhou H, Kim E, Young B, Fu P, Colussi V, Spirnak JP, Dinchman KH, Resnick MI. Combination conformal radiotherapy and radioimmunoguided transperineal 103Pd implantation for patients with intermediate and unfavorable risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy 2003; 2:215-22. [PMID: 15062129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2003.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Revised: 12/03/2003] [Accepted: 12/09/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report outcomes for prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and permanent prostate brachytherapy utilizing radioimmunoguided targeting of biological tumor volumes (BTVs). METHODS AND MATERIALS Between February 1997 and October 2001, 66 patients with intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer underwent EBRT and ProstaScint-guided transperineal brachytherapy. Thirty patients received neoadjuvant hormonal manipulation, while 36 patients did not. Median patient age was 66 years (range, 49-78 years). The median follow-up was 41 months (range, 24-78 months). No patients were lost to follow-up. Risk factors (RF) used for risk stratification included PSA >10 ng/ml (35 patients), Stage T2b or greater (22 patients), and Gleason score > or = 7 (55 patients). Results for biochemical disease free survival (bDFS) were reported using the ASTRO consensus definition for biochemical failure, PSA < or = 1.0 ng/mL or PSA< or = 0.5 ng/mL. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Five-year overall survival was 93.1% and 5-year bDFS by the ASTRO definition was 89.3% with a median follow up of 41 months. Patients with intermediate- (1 RF) and high-risk (2-3 RF) prostate cancer exhibited 5-year ASTRO-defined bDFS of 100% and 81.9%, respectively. There was no significant difference in bDFS between the patients treated with or without hormone therapy (HT). The 5-year ASTRO-defined bDFS was 89.8% for the 30 patients treated with HT and 88.9% for the 36 patients who did not receive HT (p = 0.843). For the patients without HT the median PSA nadir was 0.11 ng/mL. The median time to nadir was 23 months (range, 6-66 months). CONCLUSIONS With limited follow-up, the results of EBRT plus radioimmunoguided brachytherapy for intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer appear favorable. The addition of HT did not appear to affect bDFS significantly, but interpretation is confounded by possible selection bias and the limited power of this study.
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Riley RD, Burchill SA, Abrams KR, Heney D, Sutton AJ, Jones DR, Lambert PC, Young B, Wailoo AJ, Lewis IJ. A systematic review of molecular and biological markers in tumours of the Ewing's sarcoma family. Eur J Cancer 2003; 39:19-30. [PMID: 12504654 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(02)00500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to perform the first systematic review of molecular and biological tumour markers in tumours of the Ewing's sarcoma family (ESFT), and evaluate the current evidence for their clinical use. A well-defined, reproducible search strategy was used to identify the relevant literature from 1966 to February 2000. Papers were independently assessed for tumour markers used in the screening, diagnosis, prognosis or monitoring of patients with ESFT. Eighty-four papers studying the use of 70 different tumour markers in ESFT's were identified. Low-quality, inconsistent reporting limited meta-analysis to that of prognostic data for 28 markers. Patients with tumours lacking S-100 protein expression have a better overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio (HR)=0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19, 0.89) than those with expression; patients with high levels of serum LDH had a worse OS and disease-free survival (DFS) (OS: HR=2.92, CI 2.16, 3.94, DFS: HR=3.38, 95% CI 2.28, 4.99); patients with localised disease and tumours expressing type 1 EWS-FLI1 fusion transcripts had an improved DFS compared with those with other fusion transcript types (HR=0.17, 95% CI 0.079, 0.37). The knowledge base formed should facilitate more informative future research. Improved statistical reporting and large, multicentre prospective studies are advocated.
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