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Metcalf CJE, Cohen C, Lessler J, McAnerney JM, Ntshoe GM, Puren A, Klepac P, Tatem A, Grenfell BT, Bjørnstad ON. Implications of spatially heterogeneous vaccination coverage for the risk of congenital rubella syndrome in South Africa. J R Soc Interface 2013; 10:20120756. [PMID: 23152104 PMCID: PMC3565806 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubella is generally a mild childhood disease, but infection during early pregnancy may cause spontaneous abortion or congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which may entail a variety of birth defects. Since vaccination at levels short of those necessary to achieve eradication may increase the average age of infection, and thus potentially the CRS burden, introduction of the vaccine has been limited to contexts where coverage is high. Recent work suggests that spatial heterogeneity in coverage should also be a focus of concern. Here, we use a detailed dataset from South Africa to explore the implications of heterogeneous vaccination for the burden of CRS, introducing realistic vaccination scenarios based on reported levels of measles vaccine coverage. Our results highlight the potential impact of country-wide reductions of incidence of rubella on the local CRS burdens in districts with small population sizes. However, simulations indicate that if rubella vaccination is introduced with coverage reflecting current estimates for measles coverage in South Africa, the burden of CRS is likely to be reduced overall over a 30 year time horizon by a factor of 3, despite the fact that this coverage is lower than the traditional 80 per cent rule of thumb for vaccine introduction, probably owing to a combination of relatively low birth and transmission rates. We conclude by discussing the likely impact of private-sector vaccination.
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Sartorius B, Cohen C, Chirwa T, Ntshoe G, Puren A, Hofman K. Identifying high-risk areas for sporadic measles outbreaks: lessons from South Africa. Bull World Health Organ 2013; 91:174-83. [PMID: 23476090 PMCID: PMC3590621 DOI: 10.2471/blt.12.110726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a model for identifying areas at high risk for sporadic measles outbreaks based on an analysis of factors associated with a national outbreak in South Africa between 2009 and 2011. METHODS Data on cases occurring before and during the national outbreak were obtained from the South African measles surveillance programme, and data on measles immunization and population size, from the District Health Information System. A Bayesian hierarchical Poisson model was used to investigate the association between the risk of measles in infants in a district and first-dose vaccination coverage, population density, background prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and expected failure of seroconversion. Model projections were used to identify emerging high-risk areas in 2012. FINDINGS A clear spatial pattern of high-risk areas was noted, with many interconnected (i.e. neighbouring) areas. An increased risk of measles outbreak was significantly associated with both the preceding build-up of a susceptible population and population density. The risk was also elevated when more than 20% of infants in a populous area had missed a first vaccine dose. The model was able to identify areas at high risk of experiencing a measles outbreak in 2012 and where additional preventive measures could be undertaken. CONCLUSION The South African measles outbreak was associated with the build-up of a susceptible population (owing to poor vaccine coverage), high prevalence of HIV infection and high population density. The predictive model developed could be applied to other settings susceptible to sporadic outbreaks of measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases.
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Bowie RCK, Cohen C, Crowe TM. Ptilopachinae: a new subfamily of the Odontophoridae (Aves: Galliformes). Zootaxa 2013; 3670:97-98. [PMID: 26438928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Cohen C, Mekinian A, Soussan M, Uzunhan Y, Eder V, Dhôte R, Valeyre D, Fain O. Le 18-FDG TEP/CT pourrait être un outil intéressant pour l’évaluation de l’activité des pneumopathies interstitielles au cours du syndrome de Gougerot-Sjogren primaire. Rev Med Interne 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Terra BB, Ejnisman B, Figueiredo EA, Andreoli CV, Pochini AC, Cohen C, Arliani GG, Cohen M. Arthroscopic treatment of glenohumeral instability in soccer goalkeepers. Int J Sports Med 2012; 34:473-6. [PMID: 23143699 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1327656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report epidemiologic data and results of arthroscopic treatment of glenohumeral instability in soccer goalkeepers. We included 12 soccer goalkeepers with a mean age of 28.9 years (range 18-45 years) with acute or recurrent traumatic anterior instability who underwent an arthroscopic anatomic capsulolabral repair with bone anchors. Patients who underwent surgery within 4 weeks of the first episode of dislocation were classified as acute instability. The results were evaluated using the Rowe Scale and analyzed according to stability, range of motion and function. The mean follow-up was 3.8 years. The most common mechanism of injury (90% of the cases) was abduction, external rotation and extension. Associated injuries were present in 57.2% of recurrent cases and 20% of acute cases (p<0.293). Excellent or good results were observed in 80% of the cases of acute instability and in 57.2% of cases in the group with recurrent instability (p<0.586). From a total of 12 soccer goalkeepers who underwent the arthroscopic capsulolabral repair, good or excellent results were obtained in 66.6% of cases of glenohumeral instability. Surgical arthroscopic repair was possible in all cases of acute or recurrent instability based on well-established inclusion criteria, i. e., with well-defined exclusion criteria, such as HAGL lesion and significant glenohumeral bone loss, the arthroscopic capsulolabral repair can be carried out in soccer goalkeepers.
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Hunt GM, Ledwaba J, Basson AE, Moyes J, Cohen C, Singh B, Bertagnolio S, Jordan MR, Puren A, Morris L. Surveillance of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces, South Africa, 2005-2009. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54 Suppl 4:S334-8. [PMID: 22544199 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) was conducted among pregnant women in South Africa over a 5-year period after the initiation of a large national antiretroviral treatment program. Analysis of TDR data from 9 surveys conducted between 2005 and 2009 in 2 provinces of South Africa suggests that while TDR remains low (<5%) in Gauteng Province, it may be increasing in KwaZulu-Natal, with the most recent survey showing moderate (5%-15%) levels of resistance to the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug class.
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Moore J, Friedman MI, Gansler T, Gramlich TL, Derose PB, Hunt D, Cohen C. Prognostic indicators in male breast carcinoma. Breast J 2012; 4:261-9. [PMID: 21223446 DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4741.1998.440261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-nine male breast cancers (MBC) were studied to determine the relationship between expression of several prognostic factors and clinical outcome. Immunohistochemistry employing a labeled streptavidin-biotin method was used to detect the presence of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), cathepsin D (CD), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p53; results were visually semiquantitated. DNA ploidy was evaluated by image analysis (CAS 200) of 5 μm fixed embedded Feulgenstained tissue sections. For proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nuclear immunostain was quantitated as percentage positive nuclear area (PPNA) by image cytometry (CAS 200). The frequency of expression was ER, 26/29 (89.7%); PR, 19/29 (65.5%); CD, 25/29 (86.2%); c-erbB-2, 5/29 (17.2%); EGFR, 4/29 (13.8%); and p53, 9/29 (31%). Twenty-one (72.4%) were aneuploid; the mean PPNA for PCNA was 37.87% (control 13%). Of 20 patients, 10 (50%) MBC had lymph node metastases; 6 (21%) had distant metastases to lung (1) and bone (5). Five of the patients died of MBC. Excluding the patients with only ductal carcinoma in situ, the 1-and 5-year survival rates were 90.5% and 56.3%, respectively. In this comprehensive study of a large number of available prognostic markers, their frequency (with the exception of higher ER and CD) and prognostic significance were similar to that in female breast carcinoma. Among clinical and standard pathologic unfavorable prognostic indicators, age ≥ 62 years was significant (p = .004). Trends toward reduced survival were associated with axillary lymph node metastases (p = .145), ER negativity (p = .058), PR negativity (p = .116), and aneuploid DNA content (p = .201).
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Cohen C, Dossou KG, Rougier A, Roguet R. Episkin: An in vitro model for the evaluation of phototoxicity and sunscreen photoprotective properties. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 8:669-71. [PMID: 20692984 DOI: 10.1016/0887-2333(94)90040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to UV radiation has been shown to induce cutaneous biological changes and chemical modifications of exogenous compounds. The application of sunscreen limits UV-induced cutaneous injury. Besides damages can also be elicited by some chemicals following UV irradiation (phototoxic agents). The effects of UVA and UVB irradiation have been studied in vitro on a reconstituted epidermis (EPISKIN) for cytotoxicity (MTT conversion test) and release of a proinflammatory mediator, interleukin 1alpha. When compared with irradiated human keratinocyte monolayers, the results obtained with EPISKIN showed the protective function of the stratum corneum to UVB. Topical application of a UVB sunscreen directly on EPISKIN stratum corneum showed a concentration-dependent relationship between the active ingredients and UVB-induced damages evaluated by both parameters. When chlorpromazine was tested on EPISKIN, an increase in cytotoxicity and release of interleukin 1alpha followed UVA irradiation. A non-cytotoxic dose of 10 J/cm(2) of UVA induced a 20-fold decrease in the chlorpromazine IC50. The chlorpromazine-induced inflammatory reaction was also reflected by a more intense release of interleukin 1alpha in the underlying media of EPISKIN. Thus this proinflammatory mediator seems to be relevant as a phototoxic marker. The EPISKIN model may be a useful tool in the study of UV-induced cutaneous damage. The design of this study represents an advance in non-animal test development and could be of great interest in the determination of phototoxic or photoprotective effects of compounds in vitro.
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Low M, Nitzan O, Bitterman H, Cohen C, Hammerman A, Lieberman N, Raz R, Balicer RD. Trends in outpatient antibiotic use in Israel during the years 2000-2010: setting targets for an intervention. Infection 2012; 41:401-7. [PMID: 23001542 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The abundant use of antibiotics (Abs) in the community plays a major role in inducing Ab resistance, but the literature concerning patterns in outpatient Ab use is limited. This study aims to lay the foundations for future policy and interventional programs to address the rise in Ab resistance by looking at long-term trends in Ab usage in Israel. METHODS Defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID) of total Ab use, consumption in different age groups, and of different Ab preparations were calculated for the years 2000, 2005, and 2010 in the eight districts of Israel. Data were collected from the pharmacy registries of "Clalit Health Services", the largest Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) in Israel, covering 4 million patients, representing 53 % of the population. Trends in use over time were analyzed. RESULTS The overall Ab usage in Israel has remained constant in the last decade. Three significant trends were identified in this study: an increase in the consumption of expensive, broad-spectrum Abs, paralleled by a reduction in narrow-spectrum Abs; an increase in Ab consumption among the elderly, counteracted by reduced usage among children; large regional variations in the overall and specific use of Ab agents. CONCLUSIONS Our main findings of increased broad-spectrum Ab consumption, primarily among the adult population in Israel, and a wide variability in Ab use between the regions in Israel, can focus our future studies on searching for the factors behind these trends to aid in constructing interventional methods for decreasing outpatient Ab overuse.
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Goldberg YP, Pimstone SN, Namdari R, Price N, Cohen C, Sherrington RP, Hayden MR. Human Mendelian pain disorders: a key to discovery and validation of novel analgesics. Clin Genet 2012; 82:367-73. [PMID: 22845492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have utilized a novel application of human genetics, illuminating the important role that rare genetic disorders can play in the development of novel drugs that may be of relevance for the treatment of both rare and common diseases. By studying a very rare Mendelian disorder of absent pain perception, congenital indifference to pain, we have defined Nav1.7 (endocded by SCN9A) as a critical and novel target for analgesic development. Strong human validation has emerged with SCN9A gain-of-function mutations causing inherited erythromelalgia (IEM) and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder, both Mendelian disorder of spontaneous or easily evoked pain. Furthermore, variations in the Nav1.7 channel also modulate pain perception in healthy subjects as well as in painful conditions such as osteoarthritis and Parkinson disease. On the basis of this, we have developed a novel compound (XEN402) that exhibits potent, voltage-dependent block of Nav1.7. In a small pilot study, we showed that XEN402 blocks Nav1.7 mediated pain associated with IEM thereby demonstrating the use of rare genetic disorders with mutant target channels as a novel approach to rapid proof-of-concept. Our approach underscores the critical role that human genetics can play by illuminating novel and critical pathways pertinent for drug discovery.
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Wayne P, Kiel D, Buring J, Bonato P, Yeh G, Cohen C, Mancinelli C, Davis R. OA06.02. Impact of Tai Chi exercise on multiple fracture-related risk factors in post-menopausal osteopenic women: a pilot pragmatic, randomized trial. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373689 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-o22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dominguez L, Dominguez L, Hopkins K, Mutalak O, Harish S, Nalabanda A, Osman S, Robinson L, Cohen C, Jones R. P153 Female genital mutilation (FGM)—providing a holistic approach and challenging taboos in a sexual health setting. Sex Transm Infect 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Madhivanan P, Rathod S, Krupp K, Arun A, Reingold A, Cohen C, Klausner J. P3-S7.11 Factors associated with persistent Bacterial Vaginosis among young reproductive age women in Mysore, India. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cohen C, Holmberg SD, McMahon BJ, Block JM, Brosgart CL, Gish RG, London WT, Block TM. Is chronic hepatitis B being undertreated in the United States? J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:377-83. [PMID: 21143343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for development of end-stage liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure and primary liver cancer. There are now seven antiviral agents approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of chronic HBV infection. Despite the fact that there are between 1.4 and 2 million chronic HBV infections in the United States, fewer than 50,000 people per year receive prescriptions for HBV antiviral medications. This report discusses possible explanations for the disparity between the number of people who are chronically infected and the number of people who receive treatment. Explanations for this incongruence include the potentially large number of infected persons who are unscreened and thus remain undiagnosed, and lack of access, including insurance, education and referral to appropriate medical care, particularly for disproportionately infected populations.
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Lecronier M, Mekinian A, Belenfant X, Brocheriou I, Cohen C, M’Rad MB, Fain O. Glomérulonéphrite aiguë récidivante compliquant des foyers infectieux dentaires. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cohen C, Mekinian A, Gerin M, Boukari L, Morin AS, Stirnemann J, Fain O. Sarcoïdose systémique réfractaire aux antagonistes de TNFalpha : à propos de 2 cas. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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67
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Cohen C, Ranque B, Comte A, Passeron A, Pouchot J, Capron L. Encéphalopathie de Gayet Wernicke secondaire à une nutrition parentérale. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cohen C, Holmberg SD, McMahon BJ, Block JM, Brosgart CL, Gish RG, London WT, Block TM. Is chronic hepatitis B being undertreated in the United States? J Viral Hepat 2011. [PMID: 21143343 DOI: 10.111/j.1365-2893.2010.01401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for development of end-stage liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure and primary liver cancer. There are now seven antiviral agents approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of chronic HBV infection. Despite the fact that there are between 1.4 and 2 million chronic HBV infections in the United States, fewer than 50,000 people per year receive prescriptions for HBV antiviral medications. This report discusses possible explanations for the disparity between the number of people who are chronically infected and the number of people who receive treatment. Explanations for this incongruence include the potentially large number of infected persons who are unscreened and thus remain undiagnosed, and lack of access, including insurance, education and referral to appropriate medical care, particularly for disproportionately infected populations.
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Cohen C, Mekinian A, Sainderberg Kermanac’H N, Temine A, Stirnemann J, Fenaux P, Fain O. Efficacité du tocilizumab dans une vascularite cryoglobulinémique réfractaire au rituximab. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hossain S, Bhimani C, Chen Z, Ramalingam SS, Shin DM, Cohen C, Khuri FR, Waller E, Owonikoko TK. Comparison of native and adaptive immunity profiles of healthy volunteers and patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Patel SH, Kneuertz PJ, Delgado M, Cohen C, Sarmiento J, Staley CA, Kooby DA, Farris AB, Maithel SK. Association of tumor PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β expression and survival after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
220 Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferates through angiogenic pathways mediated, in part, by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) α and β. We hypothesized that overexpression of these proteins is associated with decreased survival after resection. Methods: 57 patients with available tissue for analysis who underwent liver resection for HCC between 8/00 and 3/08 at one institution were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Tumors were assessed by immunohistochemistry for VEGFR2, PDGFR-α, and PDGFR-β expression and were graded by a single pathologist. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Results: Median age was 64 yrs; 65% were male. Median F/U was 25 mo, and OS was 26 mo. Median tumor size and number were 7 cm and 1, respectively. Macro- and microvascular invasion were present in 9% and 42% of patients, respectively. 25% had tumors that met Milan criteria. 9% had positive resection margins. 35% of patients had cirrhosis and the median nonadjusted MELD score was 7.5. Tumors exhibited differential expression of VEGFR2 (low: 79%, high: 21%), PDGFR-α (low: 93%, high: 7%), and PDGFR-β (low: 96%, high: 4%). After excluding all 30-day deaths (n=7), high PDGFR-α and β expression were independently associated with decreased OS (8.7 vs 29.1 mo, p=0.01; 2.8 vs 28.8 mo, p<0.001; respectively). When adjusted for tumor burden, margin status, and MELD score on independent multivariate analyses, both PDGFR-α and β expression were predictive of decreased survival (Table). Conclusions: High PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β expression are independently associated with decreased overall survival after resection of HCC. This finding may help to select patients who would benefit from targeted inhibitor therapy in the adjuvant setting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Madhi SA, Maskew M, Koen A, Kuwanda L, Besselaar TG, Naidoo D, Cohen C, Valette M, Cutland CL, Sanne I. Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in African Adults Infected With Human Immunodeficient Virus: Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Efficacy, Immunogenicity, and Safety. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52:128-37. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciq004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Cohen C, Restagno F, Poulard C, Léger L. Wetting and dewetting transition: an efficient toolbox for characterizing low-energy surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15345-9. [PMID: 20818829 DOI: 10.1021/la102545z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The capillary bridge formed between a solid spherical surface and an infinite liquid bath is an efficient technique for characterizing the adhesion property of a solid surface. When the solid surface is pulled out of the liquid at a sufficiently high velocity, a thin liquid film is deposited on the solid and drains more slowly than the central capillary bridge. The retraction kinetics of this "pancake" and the critical velocity above which it appears are studied as a function of the viscosity of the liquid or the wettability of the solids. The dynamics of the liquid film follows the classical law of dynamic dewetting. This makes the capillary bridge test, used in the dynamical regime, a very efficient tool for discriminating between antiadhesive coatings.
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Dettmer M, Cohen C, Gray J, Koval K, Gonsalves W, Simpson K, Saef S. 461: Would Nonurgent, Uninsured Patients Prefer a Local Free Clinic Instead of the Emergency Department for Non-Urgent Care? Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vibert P, Szentkiralyi E, Hardwicke P, Szent-Györgyi AG, Cohen C. Structural models for the regulatory switch of Myosin. Biophys J 2010; 49:131-3. [PMID: 19431617 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(86)83622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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