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Cho D, Kim J, Bae J, Park H, Moon D, Kim J, Lee J. POD-08.03: Effect of Tamsulosin on the Expected Treatment of Upper and Lower Ureteral Stones. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Choi D, Ahn S, Son B, Cho D, Haffty B, Kim J. 3506 Absence of the PALB2 229delT and 1592delT mutation in Korean patients with BRCA1/2 mutation negative breast cancers. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Choueiri TK, Regan M, Oh W, Clement J, Amato A, McDermott D, Cho D, Atkins M, Signoretti S. Prognostic and predictive values of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and pathologic features in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma receiving targeted therapy. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16067 Background: Tumor Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) expression and histologic features can predict outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with immunotherapy. We sought to investigate the prognostic and predictive utility of such features in patients receiving VEGF-targeted therapy. Methods: We identified 118 patients with mRCC initiating first- line VEGF-targeted therapy including 94 with clinical data, clear cell histology and available tissue. Tumors were evaluated for specific histologic features and for CAIX expression by immunohistochemistry using the MN75 antibody. The relationship between these pathology findings and tumor shrinkage and other treatment outcomes was assessed. Results: Higher tumor clear cell component was independently associated with greater tumor shrinkage (p=0.02), response (p=0.02) and treatment duration (p=0.02). Patients with high vs. low tumor CAIX expression had mean tumor shrinkages of -12% vs. -5%, respectively (p=.38). There was heterogeneity in tumor responsiveness to sunitinib or sorafenib according to CAIX status (p=0.055 for interaction): mean shrinkage was -17% vs. -25% (mean difference +8%, 95% CI -14% to +31%) for sunitinib-treated patients with high vs. low tumor CAIX expression compared to -13% vs. +9% (mean difference -22%, 95% CI -42% to -1%) for sorafenib-treated patients. Conclusions: Patients with higher clear cell component in their tumors are likely to experience superior clinical benefit from VEGF-targeted therapy. Although CAIX expression was not found to be of prognostic value in patients with clear cell mRCC treated with VEGF-targeted therapy, it may be a predictive biomarker for response to sorafenib treatment. [Table: see text]
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Freedman S, Cho D, Boutis K, Stephens D, Schuh S. A Palatability of Oral Rehydration Solutions (Pors) Study. Paediatr Child Health 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/14.suppl_a.20aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yim SH, Yoon TH, Cho D. Polarization orthogonalizer for a pair of laser beams with nearly equal frequencies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:126104. [PMID: 19123595 DOI: 10.1063/1.3040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated a device to produce an overlapping pair of orthogonally polarized laser beams with a 3 GHz frequency offset out of a single laser beam containing the two frequency components with the same linear polarization. Our design is based on a Michelson interferometer formed by a polarizing beam splitter and two quarter-waveplates. Such a device can be used to make the polarization states of a carrier and a sideband produced through modulation mutually orthogonal. An orthogonally polarized pair of coherent laser beams can be used for an interferometric measurement of a small displacement in a heterodyne scheme or to produce a large-contrast coherent population trapping signal from alkali metal atoms. As a demonstration we used the device to achieve 40% contrast for a coherent population trapping signal from a rubidium vapor cell.
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Kapnistos M, Lang M, Vlassopoulos D, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Richter D, Cho D, Chang T, Rubinstein M. Unexpected power-law stress relaxation of entangled ring polymers. NATURE MATERIALS 2008; 7:997-1002. [PMID: 18953345 PMCID: PMC4819970 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
After many years of intense research, most aspects of the motion of entangled polymers have been understood. Long linear and branched polymers have a characteristic entanglement plateau and their stress relaxes by chain reptation or branch retraction, respectively. In both mechanisms, the presence of chain ends is essential. But how do entangled polymers without ends relax their stress? Using properly purified high-molar-mass ring polymers, we demonstrate that these materials exhibit self-similar dynamics, yielding a power-law stress relaxation. However, trace amounts of linear chains at a concentration almost two decades below their overlap cause an enhanced mechanical response. An entanglement plateau is recovered at higher concentrations of linear chains. These results constitute an important step towards solving an outstanding problem of polymer science and are useful for manipulating properties of materials ranging from DNA to polycarbonate. They also provide possible directions for tuning the rheology of entangled polymers.
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Lenahan C, Cho D, Bissonnette A, Rosenblatt J, Wu Z, Freeman G, Mier JW, Kufe D, Atkins MB, Avigan D. Immunologic effects of sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.14551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Schwarzberg T, Regan MM, Liu V, Mier JW, Cho D, Koon H, Bhatt RS, Seery V, Bradley K, Atkins MB, McDermott DF. Retrospective analysis of interleukin-2 therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who had received prior antiangiogenic therapy. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.5044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Eddlestone SM, Diniz PPVP, Neer TM, Gaunt SD, Corstvet R, Cho D, Hosgood G, Hegarty B, Breitschwerdt EB. Doxycycline clearance of experimentally induced chronic Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 21:1237-42. [PMID: 18196732 DOI: 10.1892/07-061.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ineffective clearance of Ehrlichia canis after doxycycline administration has been reported despite the fact that the recommended treatment for canine ehrlichiosis is doxycycline. The effectiveness of doxycycline in clearing E canis infection from the blood and tissues of dogs requires additional evaluation. HYPOTHESIS Doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO q12h), administered for 4 weeks, will eliminate E canis infection from the blood and tissues of experimentally infected dogs. ANIMALS Fifteen Walker hound-mixed breed dogs were inoculated subcutaneously with E canis-infected canine histiocytic cells 4 months before doxycycline treatment. METHODS Four dogs were treated with doxycycline (5 mg/kg PO q12h for 3 weeks), 5 dogs were treated with doxycycline at the same dosage for 4 weeks, and 5 control dogs were not treated. Dexamethasone (0.4 mg/kg i.v.) was given after treatment to precipitate recrudescence of any remaining E canis organisms. Platelet counts, anti-E canis immunofluorescent antibodies, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of E canis deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in blood and tissues were evaluated. RESULTS E canis DNA was not detected in the blood and tissues of doxycycline-treated dogs after treatment. Platelet counts were within reference intervals, and E canis antibodies decreased. Spontaneous clearance of E canis infection occurred in 2 of 5 control dogs. Three control dogs had E canis DNA detected in blood and tissues, platelet counts remained low or within the reference interval, and E canis antibodies remained high. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE As administered in this study, doxycycline cleared E canis from the blood and tissues of experimentally infected dogs.
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Eddlestone S, Diniz P, Neer T, Gaunt S, Corstvet R, Cho D, Hosgood G, Hegarty B, Breitschwerdt E. Doxycycline Clearance of Experimentally Induced ChronicEhrlichia canisInfection in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb01944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kim MH, Cho D, Kim HJ, Chong SJ, Lee KH, Yu DS, Park CJ, Lee JY, Cho BK, Park HJ. Investigation of the corticotropin-releasing hormone-proopiomelanocortin axis in various skin tumours. Br J Dermatol 2007; 155:910-5. [PMID: 17034518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various types of external stress cause the skin and central neuroendocrine system to express corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-proopiomelanocortin (POMC) axis-related hormones. However, the precise role of the CRH-POMC axis-related hormones in various skin tumours is unclear. OBJECTIVES This study examined expression patterns of the CRH-POMC axis-related hormones in skin tumours. METHODS The production of CRH, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in various tumour cell lines including HaCaT and primary keratinocytes was examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemical analysis of the skin tumours was also performed. RESULTS CRH, ACTH and alpha-MSH were strongly expressed in malignant skin tumour cell lines such as G-361 and DX-3 (both malignant melanoma, MM). However, normal and haematological malignancy cell lines did not express the CRH-POMC axis-related hormones. Immunohistochemical analysis of the skin tumours showed that MM (80%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, 70%) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC, 10%) had strong immunoreactivity (++/+++) for CRH. Strong ACTH and alpha-MSH expression was observed in MM (70% and 50%, respectively), SCC (80% and 60%, respectively) and BCC (70% and 50%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We report that an increase in the level of the CRH-POMC axis-related hormones is associated with malignant skin tumours such as MM. These results highlight the importance of the CRH-POMC axis-related hormones in the malignant tendency of skin tumours.
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Shin MG, Kim HJ, Kim HR, Lee IK, Kook H, Cho D, Kee SJ, Shin JH, Suh SP, Ryang DW. Mitochondrial DNA minisatellites as new markers for the quantitative determination of hematopoietic chimerism after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Leukemia 2006; 21:369-73. [PMID: 17251903 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lee JJ, Park MS, Park JS, Kang HK, Kim SK, Nguyen Pham TN, Zhu XW, Cho D, Nam JH, Kim YJ, Rhee JH, Chung IJ, Kim HJ. Induction of leukemic-cell-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells presenting leukemic cell antigens. J Clin Apher 2006; 21:188-94. [PMID: 16570260 DOI: 10.1002/jca.20085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Leukemic-dendritic cells (leukemic-DCs) have certain limitations, which include difficult generation in 30-40% of patients, and low levels of expression of several key molecules. Therefore, an alternative approach using monocyte-derived DCs pulsed with tumor antigens is required. We investigated the possibility of immunotherapy for AML using leukemic-cell-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes that were stimulated in vitro by autologous DCs pulsed with tumor antigens. To generate DCs, CD14(+) cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using magnetic-activated cell sorting, and cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4. On day 6, maturation of DCs was induced by addition of cytokine cocktail (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and prostaglandin E(2)) for 2 days, and then the mature DCs were pulsed with whole leukemic cell lysates or apoptotic leukemic cells. There were no differences in the phenotypic expressions of mature DCs generated by pulsing with or without leukemic antigens. The mature DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysates or apoptotic leukemic cells showed a higher allostimulatory capacity for allogeneic CD3(+) T cells as compared with mature non-pulsed DCs. Autologous CD3(+) T cells stimulated by the mature pulsed DCs showed more potent cytotoxic activities against autologous leukemic cells than those stimulated by mature non-pulsed DCs. These results suggest that use of DCs pulsed with leukemic cell lysates or apoptotic leukemic cells is a feasible alternative immunotherapeutic approach to overcome the limitations of leukemic-DCs for the treatment of AML patients.
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Chung D, Cho D, Park K, Lee B. P-357. Fertil Steril 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.07.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cho D, Kocher O, Parker JA, Halmos B. Multiple Positron-emission Tomography False Positives in a Patient with Malignant Melanoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2006; 18:87-8. [PMID: 16477930 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2005.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yazer MH, Zheng RB, Seto NOL, Rose NL, Cho D, Palcic MM. Kinetic studies on Korean serum cis-AB enzymes reveal diminished A and B transferase activities. Vox Sang 2006; 89:161-7. [PMID: 16146508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND cis-AB enzymes are rare glycosyltransferases that synthesize both blood group A and B antigens. We have identified a large cohort of Korean cis-AB blood donors and studied the N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (glycosyltransferase A, GTA) and galactosyltransferase (glycosyltransferase B, GTB) activity of their cis-AB serum enzymes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cis-AB01 allele was identified by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) in 60 donors collected at the Gwangju-Chonnam Red Cross Blood Center. Enzyme assays of this cis-AB enzyme were performed on available serum samples from 16 donors with the cis-AB01/O genotype and three with the cis-AB01/A genotype. RESULTS In cis-AB donors with an O allele, both the GTA and GTB activity of the cis-AB enzyme were markedly reduced compared to normal A and B controls (29% and 27%, respectively). This is consistent with the behaviour predicted from kinetic studies of a recombinant model of the corresponding AAAB enzyme. CONCLUSION Although variable, cis-AB enzymes feature reduced GTA and GTB activities. SUMMARY Cis-AB enzymes feature variable but reduced GTA and GTB activities with relatively weaker GTB activity, consistent with the weak agglutination present on forward typing with anti-B.
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Cho D, Lee JS, Yazer MH, Song JW, Shin MG, Shin JH, Suh SP, Jeon MJ, Kim JY, Park JT, Ryang DW. Chimerism and mosaicism are important causes of ABO phenotype and genotype discrepancies. Immunohematology 2006; 22:183-7. [PMID: 17430077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Discrepancies between blood group genotype and RBC phenotype are important to recognize when implementing DNA-based blood grouping techniques. This report describes two such cases involving the ABO blood group in the Korean population. Propositus #1 was a 22-year-old healthy man undergoing pretransfusion testing for minor surgery. Propositus #2 was a 23- year-old male blood donor. RBCs from both propositi were determined to be group AB and demonstrated unusual agglutination patterns on forward typing, which were inconsistent with their ABO genotype determined by allele-specific (AS) PCR. RBCs from propositus #1 demonstrated mixed field agglutination with both anti-A and -B, while RBCs from propositus #2 demonstrated mixed field only with anti-A reagents. Both had B/O genotypes by AS-PCR. Cloning and sequencing of ABO exons 6 and 7 revealed three alleles in both propositi: propositus #1: A102/B101/O04; propositus #2: A102/B101/O01. A panel of nine short-tandem repeat (STR) loci was tested on DNA extracted from blood, buccal mucosal cells, and hair from the propositi and on DNA isolated from their parents' blood. In all tissues tested from propositus #1, three loci demonstrated a double paternal and a single maternal DNA contribution, indicating that he was a chimera or a mosaic; in those from propositus # 2, one STR locus demonstrated a double paternal DNA contribution, indicating that he was a tetragametic chimera. Chimerism and mosaicism are uncommon but important causes of ABO genotype and phenotype discrepancies. The evaluation of patients and donors with unusual or unexpected serology in pretransfusion testing and consensus ABO alleles may include the evaluation of STR loci to detect these phenomena.
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Cho D, Shin MG, Yazer MH, Kee SJ, Shin JH, Suh SP, Jeon MJ, Song JW, Ki CS, Ryang DW. The genetic and phenotypic basis of blood group A subtypes in Koreans. Transfus Med 2005; 15:329-34. [PMID: 16101812 DOI: 10.1111/j.0958-7578.2005.00598.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A serological and genetic study of Korean blood donors with phenotypic group A subtypes was performed. There were 176 donors with phenotypic A subtypes identified. Exons 6 and 7 from 57 representative donors were sequenced. The A(var) allele (784 G > A) was cloned and sequenced, and a family study demonstrating its inheritance and unusual serological characteristics was performed. The A102 allele was the most frequently identified allele in phenotypically A2 (58%, 11/19) and A2B (68%, 17/25) donors. Anti-A1 was rarely present amongst A2 and A2B donors. The family study revealed that the A(var) allele was expressed as phenotype A(weak)B in A(var)/B heterozygote members, but as phenotype O in A(var)/O heterozygotes. The most frequent allele in Korean donors with the A2 phenotype differs from its Caucasian counterpart, as does the frequency of anti-A1. The A(var) allele demonstrates allelic enhancement in A(var)/B heterozygotes.
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Yoo J, Kim S, Shim B, Jo M, Song S, Cho D, Ahn M, Kim C, Cho K, Kim H. P-686 Expression of thymidylate synthase, p53 and Ki-67 in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yoo J, Kim S, Shim B, Jo M, Song S, Cho D, Ahn M, Kim C, Cho K, Kim H. P-688 Prognostic significance of caspase-3 and c-myc protein expressions in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yoo J, Kim S, Shim B, Jo M, Song S, Cho D, Ahn M, Kim C, Cho K, Kim H. P-687 Expression of bcl-2, p53 and VEGF in non-small cell lung cancer: Their relation with microvascular density and prognosis. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Saab S, Cho D, Quon DVK, Ibrahim AB, Dong P, Marder V, Logan L. Same day outpatient transjugular liver biopsies in haemophilia. Haemophilia 2005; 10:727-31. [PMID: 15569168 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.01043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Patients with haemophilia are at increased risk of hepatitis C infection because of prior transfusion of blood products. Virtually all haemophiliacs who received pooled blood products before the mid-1980s have been infected with hepatitis C. A liver biopsy is important to identify the extent of liver disease, and to help determine the necessity of interferon therapy. With factor replacement, in-hospital liver biopsy is safe. Thirty patients with haemophilia were evaluated for chronic hepatitis C infection. Eleven patients subsequently underwent successful transjugular liver biopsy in the outpatient setting after appropriate factor replacement. Mean +/- SD pre- and posthaemoglobin values were 15.8 +/- 0.79 and 14.4 +/- 0.71 g dL(-1) (P = ns). There was no significant change in heart rate, systolic or diastolic blood pressure during the monitoring period (P = ns) and no major complication was noted in perioperative follow-up. The mean length of the liver biopsy specimens was 1.7 +/- 0.3 cm, mean grade was 2 +/- 0.6 and mean stage was 2.3 +/- 1.2. Our experience demonstrates that outpatient transjugular liver biopsy can be safely performed in patients with haemophilia in the outpatient setting, avoiding the cost and need for hospital admission.
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Cho D, Kim SH, Jeon MJ, Choi KL, Kee SJ, Shin MG, Shin JH, Suh SP, Yazer MH, Ryang DW. The serological and genetic basis of the cis-AB blood group in Korea. Vox Sang 2004; 87:41-3. [PMID: 15260821 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2004.00528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The cis-AB blood group is rare, although relatively common amongst Koreans. The serological characteristics and genetic basis of Korean cis-AB blood donors were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), designed to detect the cis-AB01 allele, was performed on 194 AB samples which demonstrated weak or unusual expression of either or both of the A or B antigens. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Sixty cis-AB01 donors were identified. cis-AB01/O01 or O02 were the most common genotypes (36/60) detected only in A(2)B(3) donors, and cis-AB01/B101 (nine of 60) was the least common genotype identified only in A(2)B donors. Surprisingly cis-AB01/A102 (15/60) was identified in a variety of phenotypes (A(1)B(3), A(1)B(x) or el, A(int)B(3)).
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Cho D, Kim SH, Ki CS, Choi KL, Cho YG, Song JW, Shin JH, Suh SP, Yazer MH, Ryang DW. A novel Bvar allele (547 G>A) demonstrates differential expression depending on the co-inherited ABO allele. Vox Sang 2004; 87:187-9. [PMID: 15569071 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2004.00575.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Genetic analysis of group B donors in Korea was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Exons 6 and 7 were sequenced in 12 phenotypically B3 donors 6 B3, 6 A1B3. RESULTS Consensus sequences all B3 and 2/6 A1B3 donors were present. Four A1B3 donors demonstrated a novel B allele, B(var), in the context of A101/ or A102/B(var) genotypes. Family studies based on an A1B3 donor with the B(var) allele and on another unrelated subject with identical genotype and phenotype revealed B(var)/O01 genotypes with full B-antigen expression. CONCLUSIONS B(var) allele is subject to differential expression, depending on the co-inherited ABO allele.
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Kim EJ, Cho D, Kim TS. Efficient induction of T helper type 1-mediated immune responses in antigen-primed mice by anti-CD3 single-chain Fv/interleukin-18 fusion DNA. Immunology 2004; 111:27-34. [PMID: 14678196 PMCID: PMC1782390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2004.01784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2003] [Accepted: 10/17/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two types of T helper (Th) cells - Th1 and Th2 - play different roles in protection and immunopathology. The Th1 cell-mediated immune response plays an important role in inducing the host defence against intracellular bacteria and also in cancer immunotherapy. To effectively induce Th1 immune responses, we constructed a mammalian expression plasmid (pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18) carrying a fusion gene in which anti-CD3 single-chain Fv (sFv) cDNA, the smallest unit of antibody recognizing the CD3 epsilon moiety of the T-cell receptor, was covalently linked to mature interleukin (IL)-18 cDNA. Intramuscular injection of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice with pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 DNA efficiently increased the production of both OVA-specific interferon-gamma and anti-OVA immunoglobulin G2a, compared to injection with pAnti-CD3sFv DNA. In addition, pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 was more efficient than a mixture of pAnti-CD3sFv + pIL-18 in inducing OVA-specific, Th1 immune responses and also in inhibiting OVA-specific, IL-4 production. These studies indicate that vaccination with pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 fusion DNA efficiently induces the Th1 immune response in antigen-sensitized mice.
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