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Xu B, Lefringhouse J, Liu Z, West D, Baldwin LA, Ou C, Chen L, Napier D, Chaiswing L, Brewer LD, St Clair D, Thibault O, van Nagell JR, Zhou BP, Drapkin R, Huang JA, Lu ML, Ueland FR, Yang XH. Inhibition of the integrin/FAK signaling axis and c-Myc synergistically disrupts ovarian cancer malignancy. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e295. [PMID: 28134933 PMCID: PMC5294249 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins, a family of heterodimeric receptors for extracellular matrix, are promising therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer, particularly high-grade serous-type (HGSOC), as they drive tumor cell attachment, migration, proliferation and survival by activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-dependent signaling. Owing to the potential off-target effects of FAK inhibitors, disruption of the integrin signaling axis remains to be a challenge. Here, we tackled this barrier by screening for inhibitors being functionally cooperative with small-molecule VS-6063, a phase II FAK inhibitor. From this screening, JQ1, a potent inhibitor of Myc oncogenic network, emerged as the most robust collaborator. Treatment with a combination of VS-6063 and JQ1 synergistically caused an arrest of tumor cells at the G2/M phase and a decrease in the XIAP-linked cell survival. Our subsequent mechanistic analyses indicate that this functional cooperation was strongly associated with the concomitant disruption of activation or expression of FAK and c-Myc as well as their downstream signaling through the PI3K/Akt pathway. In line with these observations, we detected a strong co-amplification or upregulation at genomic or protein level for FAK and c-Myc in a large portion of primary tumors in the TCGA or a local HGSOC patient cohort. Taken together, our results suggest that the integrin–FAK signaling axis and c-Myc synergistically drive cell proliferation, survival and oncogenic potential in HGSOC. As such, our study provides key genetic, functional and signaling bases for the small-molecule-based co-targeting of these two distinct oncogenic drivers as a new line of targeted therapy against human ovarian cancer.
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West D, Beckett P, Khakwani A, Hubbard R, Dickinson R, Woolhouse I. S60 Lung cancer surgical survival and volume in england. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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53
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Bookman K, West D, McIntyre R, Steinbruner D, Solley M, Carlson N, Hammes A, Ginde A, Zane R. 10 Embedded Clinical Decision Support in an Electronic Health Record Decreases Use of High Cost Imaging in the Emergency Department: The EmbED study. Ann Emerg Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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54
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Bönisch PL, Solymosi N, Dubecz A, West D, Giraldo Ospina CF, Karmy-Jones R, Witzigmann H, Stein H, Schweigert M. Chirurgie des Lungenabszess im 21. Jahrhundert – Eine multinationale Studie zur Identifikation aktueller Prognosefaktoren. Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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55
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Dai J, West D, Wang X, Wang Y, Kwok D, Cheong SW, Zhang SB, Wu W. Toward the Intrinsic Limit of the Topological Insulator Bi_{2}Se_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:106401. [PMID: 27636482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.106401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Combining high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and first principles calculations, we identified the major native defects, in particular the Se vacancies and Se interstitial defects, that are responsible for the bulk conduction and nanoscale potential fluctuations in single crystals of archetypal topological insulator Bi_{2}Se_{3}. Here it is established that the defect concentrations in Bi_{2}Se_{3} are far above the thermodynamic limit, and that the growth kinetics dominate the observed defect concentrations. Furthermore, through careful control of the synthesis, our tunneling spectroscopy suggests that our best samples are approaching the intrinsic limit with the Fermi level inside the band gap without introducing extrinsic dopants.
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Bönisch PL, Schweigert M, Solymosi N, John J, Karmy-Jones R, Dubecz A, Ospina CG, West D, Witzigmann H, Stein H. F-095PREDICTORS OF OUTCOME IN SURGERY FOR LUNG ABSCESS IN THE CONTEMPORARY WESTERN WORLD. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw260.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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57
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Internullo E, Johnstone A, Casali G, West D, Batchelor T, Dowse C. P-236A ONE-STOP VIDEO-LINK PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT CLINIC SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES WAITING TIMES FOR PATIENTS REFERRED TO THORACIC SURGERY FROM PERIPHERAL HOSPITALS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw260.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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58
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Guido N, Cices A, Ibler E, Huynh T, Majewski S, Sable K, Rangel S, Laumann A, West D, Nardone B. LB759 Multiple sclerosis association with psoriasis: A large, single center, cross sectional study. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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59
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Cices A, Guido N, Majewski S, Ibler E, Huynh T, Rangel S, Laumann A, Martini M, West D, Nardone B. LB763 Risk of melanoma after chronic exposure to aspirin: A large, single center, retrospective study. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lefringhouse J, Ore R, Johnson M, Baldwin L, Miller R, Desimone C, Vannagell J, Samoyoa L, West D, Ueland F. Prospective validation of an intraoperative algorithm to determine the extent of surgical staging in early endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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61
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Rezwan N, West D, Tun G, Shirazi-Nejad A, Kapur K, Bullas D, Soliman A, Sathyanarayana V, Atkinson R, Said E. PTH-152 The Patient Perspective of a Nurse-Led Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Telephone Helpline Service. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312388.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Flood K, Majewski S, Florek A, Ibler E, Huynh T, Guido N, Schlosser B, Amin S, West D, Nardone B. 159 Changes in psoriasis level of activity for both pre- and post- menopausal state in women: A single-center retrospective study. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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63
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Bronckers I, Seyger M, Kiguradze T, West D, Day J, Paller A. 254 Use of systemic agents in pediatric psoriasis: characteristics, comorbidities, and reported adverse events in an international registry. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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64
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Hsu D, Nardone B, West D, Silverberg J. Validation of database search strategies for the epidemiological study of eczema herpeticum. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:220-2. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Beckett P, Woolhouse I, Walters S, Benitez-Majano S, Muller P, West D, McPhail S, Broggio J, Peake MD. S72 Improving lung cancer survival in England evidenced through multiple data sources: Abstract S72 Table 1. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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McElnay P, Loganathan K, Batchelor T, Casali G, Titcomb D, West D. Management options and outcomes in airway-oesphageal fistulae patients: A 2009–2013 case series. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu W, West D, He L, Xu Y, Liu J, Wang K, Wang Y, van der Laan G, Zhang R, Zhang S, Wang KL. Atomic-Scale Magnetism of Cr-Doped Bi2Se3 Thin Film Topological Insulators. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10237-10243. [PMID: 26348798 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic doping is the most common method for breaking time-reversal-symmetry surface states of topological insulators (TIs) to realize novel physical phenomena and to create beneficial technological applications. Here we present a study of the magnetic coupling of a prototype magnetic TI, that is, Cr-doped Bi2Se3, in its ultrathin limit which is expected to give rise to quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. The high quality Bi2-xCrxSe3 epitaxial thin film was prepared using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), characterized with scanning transimission electron microscopy (STEM), electrical magnetotransport, and X-ray magnetic circularly dichroism (XMCD) techniques, and the results were simulated using density functional theory (DFT) with spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We observed a sizable spin moment mspin = (2.05 ± 0.20) μB/Cr and a small and negative orbital moment morb = (-0.05 ± 0.02) μB/Cr of the Bi1.94Cr0.06Se3 thin film at 2.5 K. A remarkable fraction of the (CrBi-CrI)(3+) antiferromagnetic dimer in the Bi2-xCrxSe3 for 0.02 < x < 0.40 was obtained using first-principles simulations, which was neglected in previous studies. The spontaneous coexistence of ferro- and antiferromagnetic Cr defects in Bi2-xCrxSe3 explains our experimental observations and those based on conventional magnetometry which universally report magnetic moments significantly lower than 3 μB/Cr predicted by Hund's rule.
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Parkinson J, West D, Clark C, Williams JM. Is there a correlation between wobble board performance and static balance performance? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2015. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2015.22.sup8.s5a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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69
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Loganathan K, West D, Rahman I, McElnay P. P-2663D PRINTING A BONY CHEST WALL FROM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY-SCAN DATA AS AN ADJUNCT TO PROSTHETIC RECONSTRUCTION AFTER CHEST WALL RESECTION. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv204.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lucking M, Sun YY, West D, Zhang S. A nucleus-coupled electron transfer mechanism for TiO2-catalyzed water splitting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:16779-83. [PMID: 26050615 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01202c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, we reveal that in the photocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the TiO2/water interface, the formation of an O-O bond always involves the anti-bonding σ2p* state elevated from the valence band into the conduction band of TiO2 regardless of a detailed reaction pathway. The role of photoholes is to deplete this anti-bonding state once it emerges into the band gap. The reaction barrier is thus determined by the onset where photoholes enter the reaction. This process represents a new reaction mechanism, termed nucleus-coupled electron transfer (NCET), where electron transfer is enabled by the movement of nuclei that promotes the reactive orbital to become the frontier orbital. The NCET mechanism for the OER is shown to exhibit an overall kinetic barrier surmountable at room temperature.
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Wang D, Han D, Li XB, Xie SY, Chen NK, Tian WQ, West D, Sun HB, Zhang SB. Determination of formation and ionization energies of charged defects in two-dimensional materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:196801. [PMID: 26024189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.196801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple and efficient approach to evaluate the formation energy and, in particular, the ionization energy (IE) of charged defects in two-dimensional (2D) systems using the supercell approximation. So far, first-principles results for such systems can scatter widely due to the divergence of the Coulomb energy with vacuum dimension, denoted here as L_{z}. Numerous attempts have been made in the past to fix the problem under various approximations. Here, we show that the problem can be resolved without any such assumption, and a converged IE can be obtained by an extrapolation of the asymptotic IE expression at large L_{z} (with a fixed lateral area S) back to the value at L_{z}=0. Application to defects in monolayer boron nitride reveal that defects in 2D systems can be unexpectedly deep, much deeper than the bulk.
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Jiang Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang N, West D, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Vertical/Planar Growth and Surface Orientation of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 Topological Insulator Nanoplates. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:3147-3152. [PMID: 25919088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures are not only attractive for fundamental research but also offer great promise for bottom-up nanofabrications. In the past, the growth of one-dimensional vertical/planar nanomaterials such as nanowires has made significant progresses. However, works on two-dimensional nanomaterials are still lacking, especially for those grown out of a substrate. We report here a vertical growth of topological insulator, Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, nanoplates on mica. In stark contrast to the general belief, these nanoplates are not prisms exposing (100) lateral surfaces, which are expected to minimize the surface area. Instead, they are frustums, enclosed by (01-4), (015), and (001) facets. First-principles calculations, combined with experiments, suggest the importance of surface oxidation in forming these unexpected surfaces.
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Shulman R, McKenzie CA, Landa J, Bourne RS, Jones A, Borthwick M, Tomlin M, Jani YH, West D, Bates I. Pharmacist's review and outcomes: Treatment-enhancing contributions tallied, evaluated, and documented (PROTECTED-UK). J Crit Care 2015; 30:808-13. [PMID: 25971871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose was to describe clinical pharmacist interventions across a range of critical care units (CCUs) throughout the United Kingdom, to identify CCU medication error rate and prescription optimization, and to identify the type and impact of each intervention in the prevention of harm and improvement of patient therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective observational study was undertaken in 21 UK CCUs from November 5 to 18, 2012. A data collection web portal was designed where the specialist critical care pharmacist reported all interventions at their site. Each intervention was classified as medication error, optimization, or consult. In addition, a clinical impact scale was used to code the interventions. Interventions were scored as low impact, moderate impact, high impact, and life saving. The final coding was moderated by blinded independent multidisciplinary trialists. RESULTS A total of 20517 prescriptions were reviewed with 3294 interventions recorded during the weekdays. This resulted in an overall intervention rate of 16.1%: 6.8% were classified as medication errors, 8.3% optimizations, and 1.0% consults. The interventions were classified as low impact (34.0%), moderate impact (46.7%), and high impact (19.3%); and 1 case was life saving. Almost three quarters of interventions were to optimize the effectiveness of and improve safety of pharmacotherapy. CONCLUSIONS This observational study demonstrated that both medication error resolution and pharmacist-led optimization rates were substantial. Almost 1 in 6 prescriptions required an intervention from the clinical pharmacist. The error rate was slightly lower than an earlier UK prescribing error study (EQUIP). Two thirds of the interventions were of moderate to high impact.
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West D, Nguyen H, Parker C. Ethnic and gender diversity in interventional radiology fellowships: how do we compare? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2014.12.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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75
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Chen Y, Sun YY, Wang H, West D, Xie Y, Zhong J, Meunier V, Cohen ML, Zhang SB. Carbon kagome lattice and orbital-frustration-induced metal-insulator transition for optoelectronics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:085501. [PMID: 25192104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.085501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional elemental carbon kagome lattice, made of only fourfold-coordinated carbon atoms, is proposed based on first-principles calculations. Despite the existence of 60° bond angles in the triangle rings, widely perceived to be energetically unfavorable, the carbon kagome lattice is found to display exceptional stability comparable to that of C(60). The system allows us to study the effects of triangular frustration on the electronic properties of realistic solids, and it demonstrates a metal-insulator transition from that of graphene to a direct gap semiconductor in the visible blue region. By minimizing s-p orbital hybridization, which is an intrinsic property of carbon, not only the band edge states become nearly purely frustrated p states, but also the band structure is qualitatively different from any known bulk elemental semiconductors. For example, the optical properties are similar to those of direct-gap semiconductors GaN and ZnO, whereas the effective masses are comparable to or smaller than those of Si.
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