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Ren X, Domier CW, Kramer G, Luhmann NC, Muscatello CM, Shi L, Tobias BJ, Valeo E. Process to generate a synthetic diagnostic for microwave imaging reflectometry with the full-wave code FWR2D. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11D863. [PMID: 25430276 DOI: 10.1063/1.4895100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic microwave imaging reflectometer (MIR) diagnostic employing the full-wave reflectometer code (FWR2D) has been developed and is currently being used to guide the design of real systems, such as the one recently installed on DIII-D. The FWR2D code utilizes real plasma profiles as input, and it is combined with optical simulation tools for synthetic diagnostic signal generation. A detailed discussion of FWR2D and the process to generate the synthetic signal are presented in this paper. The synthetic signal is also compared to a prescribed density fluctuation spectrum to quantify the imaging quality. An example is presented with H-mode-like plasma profiles derived from a DIII-D discharge, where the MIR focal is located in the pedestal region. It is shown that MIR is suitable for diagnosing fluctuations with poloidal wavenumber up to 2.0 cm(-1) and fluctuation amplitudes less than 5%.
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Plug T, Kramer G, Meijers JCM. A role for arginine-12 in thrombin-thrombomodulin-mediated activation of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:1717-25. [PMID: 25066897 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a proenzyme that links coagulation and fibrinolysis. TAFI can be activated by thrombin, the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex and plasmin through cleavage of the first 92 amino acids from the enzyme. In silico analysis of the TAFI sequence revealed a potential thrombin cleavage site at Arg12. The aim of this study was to determine whether TAFI can be cleaved at Arg12 and whether this cleavage plays a role in TAFI activation. METHODS A peptide based on the first 18 amino acids of TAFI was used to determine whether thrombin was able to cleave at Arg12. Mass spectrometry was performed to determine whether the Arg12-cleaved peptide was released from full-length TAFI. Furthermore, a TAFI mutant in which Arg12 was replaced by a glutamine (TAFI-R12Q) was constructed and characterized with respect to its activation kinetics. RESULTS The peptide and mass spectrometry data showed that thrombin was able to cleave TAFI at Arg12, but with low efficiency in full-length TAFI. Characterization of TAFI-R12Q showed no difference in thrombin-mediated activation from wild-type TAFI. However, there was an approximately 60-fold impairment in activation of TAFI-R12Q by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. CONCLUSIONS Arg12 of TAFI plays an important role in thrombomodulin-mediated TAFI activation by thrombin. Thrombin is able to cleave TAFI at Arg12, but it remains to be determined whether Arg12 is part of an exosite for thrombomodulin or whether cleavage at Arg12 accelerates thrombomodulin-mediated TAFI activation.
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Kramer G, Maj-Hes A, Hobisch A, Shariat S, Loidl W. Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Phase Ii Study of Sorafenib Compared to Placebo with Best Supportive Care After Failure of Docetaxel in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu336.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kramer G, Wittmann HG, Schuster H. Die Erzeugung von Mutanten des Tabakmosaikvirus durch den Einbau von Fluoruracil in die Virusnucleinsäure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1964-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco mosaic virus samples in which 17, 36 and 56% of the uracil (U) was replaced by 5-fluorouracil (FU) were prepared. The samples were tested for the presence of mutants on various varieties of Nicotiana tabacum. The virus containing 17% FU showed no detectable increase, whereas the samples with 36% and 56% substitution of U by FU showed a 5 -10 fold increase in the number of mutants in comparison with appropriate controls. Evidence is presented that the observed increase is not due to a selection.
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Kramer G, Weiß CO, Helmcke J. Laser Frequency Stabilization by Means of Saturation Dispersion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1975-0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A method for frequency stabilization of 3.39 μm He-Ne lasers, which makes use of the saturation dispersion of the v3 , P(7) methane transition is described. It is shown that with lasers which are stabilized by saturation effects, the absorptive and dispersive properties of the saturation resonance are not precisely distinguishable. This leads to a slightly asymmetric resonance and a shift of the apparent line-center. When using the dispersion for stabilization, the asymmetry can be detected and eliminated. Frequency stabilization to the true line center with an accuracy of 5 x 10-12 was attained
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Kloos C, Kramer G, Müller UA, Schiel R, Merger S, Kerner W, Hofer S, Holl R. Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, welche eine konventionelle Insulintherapie (CT) durchführen, erzielen vergleichbare Therapieergebnisse zu Patienten mit multiplen Insulin-Injektion (MIT) – Daten aus einem computergestützten deutschlandweiten Projekt der Qualitätssicherung (DPV). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kuniß N, Kramer G, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Prävalenz depressiver Verstimmungen bei Diabetespatienten in einer Hochschulpoliklinik: Vergleich der Ergebnisse des PAID- und des WHO-5-Fragebogens. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Milke B, Kramer G, Heller T, Kloos C, Kißler H, Settmacher U, Wick K, Strauß B, Wolf G, Müller UA. Effizienz eines konservativer Abnehmversuch durch Ernährungsberatung, -analyse und -training hinsichtlich Gewichtsverlauf und metabolischer Parameter bei adipösen Patienten. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kramer G, Kuniß N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Zwischenmahlzeiten, glykämische Kontrolle und Hypoglykämien – Querschnittsanalyse von Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ-1 auf tertiärer Versorgungsebene. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kuniß N, Kramer G, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Wie wirken sich Hypoglykämien auf die Prävalenz diabetesbezogener Belastungen aus? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kramer G, Kuniß N, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Konventionelle (CT) und multiple Insulininjektion (MIT) bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 – ein retrospektiver Vergleich von Indikatoren der Behandlungsqualität über 22 Jahre. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kloos C, Kißler H, Wick K, Milke B, Kramer G, Heller T, Wolf G, Settmacher U, Müller UA. Monozentrische Evaluation des Gewichtsverlaufs nach Schlauchmagen-Operation („Gastric Sleeve“). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Martens GA, Motté E, Kramer G, Stangé G, Gaarn LW, Hellemans K, Nielsen JH, Aerts JM, Ling Z, Pipeleers D. Functional characteristics of neonatal rat β cells with distinct markers. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:11-28. [PMID: 24049066 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal β cells are considered developmentally immature and hence less glucose responsive. To study the acquisition of mature glucose responsiveness, we compared glucose-regulated redox state, insulin synthesis, and secretion of β cells purified from neonatal or 10-week-old rats with their transcriptomes and proteomes measured by oligonucleotide and LC-MS/MS profiling. Lower glucose responsiveness of neonatal β cells was explained by two distinct properties: higher activity at low glucose and lower activity at high glucose. Basal hyperactivity was associated with higher NAD(P)H, a higher fraction of neonatal β cells actively incorporating (3)H-tyrosine, and persistently increased insulin secretion below 5 mM glucose. Neonatal β cells lacked the steep glucose-responsive NAD(P)H rise between 5 and 10 mM glucose characteristic for adult β cells and accumulated less NAD(P)H at high glucose. They had twofold lower expression of malate/aspartate-NADH shuttle and most glycolytic enzymes. Genome-wide profiling situated neonatal β cells at a developmental crossroad: they showed advanced endocrine differentiation when specifically analyzed for their mRNA/protein level of classical neuroendocrine markers. On the other hand, discrete neonatal β cell subpopulations still expressed mRNAs/proteins typical for developing/proliferating tissues. One example, delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) was used to investigate whether neonatal β cells with basal hyperactivity corresponded to a more immature subset with high DLK1, but no association was found. In conclusion, the current study supports the importance of glycolytic NADH-shuttling in stimulus function coupling, presents basal hyperactivity as novel property of neonatal β cells, and provides potential markers to recognize intercellular developmental differences in the endocrine pancreas.
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Shi Y, Kramer G, Schröder A, Kirkpatrick CJ, Seekamp A, Schmidt H, Fuchs S. Early endothelial progenitor cells as a source of myeloid cells to improve the pre-vascularisation of bone constructs. Eur Cell Mater 2014; 27:64-79; discussion 79-80. [PMID: 24464729 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v027a06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
According to present knowledge, blood derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) might act as proangiogenic myeloid cells, which play a fundamental role in the regulation of angiogenesis and blood vessel reorganisation. In this context, we have evaluated the contribution of endogenous myeloid cells in co-cultures of blood derived outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) and osteogenic cells. In addition, we investigated the role of EPC as a potential source of myeloid cells in the formation of vascular structures in an in vitro model consisting of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and OEC. For this purpose, we added EPCs to co-cultures of MSC and OECs. Vascular structures and the co-localisation of myeloid cells were analysed by confocal laser microscopy (CLSM) for endothelial and myeloid markers and quantitative image analysis. The molecular effects of myeloid cells were evaluated by quantitative real time PCR, ELISA and protein arrays from cell culture supernatants and lysates. Endogenous myeloid cells were significantly co-localised with angiogenic structures in co-cultures of OEC and osteogenic cells. The active addition of EPC to co-cultures of OEC and MSC resulted in a statistically approved increase in the formation of prevascular structures at early stages of the co-culture process. In addition, we observed an increase of endothelial markers, indicating beneficial effects of EPC or myeloid cells on endothelial cell growth. Furthermore, real time PCR indicated high expression levels of CD68, CD11b and CD163 in co-cultures of EPC and MSC indicating that EPC act at least partly as macrophage like-cells.
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Kramer G, Child ND. Carotid dissection following a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Neurology 2013; 81:1802-3. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000438031.22968.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Schiel R, Burgard D, Bambauer R, Perenthaler T, Kramer G. Unterschiede zwischen intensivierter Insulintherapie mittels Insulininjektionen (ICT) und Insulinpumpentherapie (CSII) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1355609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sanow B, Kramer G, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Wie passen Patienten mit Diabetes Typ 2 und flexibler Insulintherapie Ihre Insulindosis an? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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68
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Schiel R, Burgard D, Kramer G. Intensivierte Insulintherapie mittels Insulininjektionen und Insulinpumpentherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kuniß N, Kramer G, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Geringe Prävalenz von Depression und Belastungen durch Diabetes bei 626 Patienten in einer Hochschulpoliklinik. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kramer G, Sanow B, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Nach welchen Prinzipien führen Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus ihre Insulindosisanpassungen durch? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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71
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Eckardt C, Müller N, Kramer G, Milke B, Rehm A, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Deutliche Verbesserung des Stoffwechsels von Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus nach Intervention in einer Tagesklinik. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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72
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Kramer G, Sanow B, Müller N, Kloos C, Wolf G, Müller UA. Unterscheiden sich die Insulindosisanpassungen bei Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus mit einer multiplen Insulininjektions- (ICT) oder einer Insulinpumpentherapie (CSII)? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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73
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Stöhrer M, Mürtz G, Kramer G, Warnack W, Primus G, Jinga V, Manu-Marin A, Calomfirescu N, Strugala G. Efficacy and tolerability of propiverine hydrochloride extended-release compared with immediate-release in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Spinal Cord 2013; 51:419-23. [DOI: 10.1038/sc.2012.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ren X, Tobias BJ, Che S, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Muscatello CM, Kramer G, Valeo E. Evaluation of the operating space for density fluctuation measurements employing 2D imaging reflectometry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:10E338. [PMID: 23126996 DOI: 10.1063/1.4739076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microwave imaging reflectometry provides broad poloidal coverage as a density fluctuation measurement tool. 2D imaging systems are evaluated for DIII-D relevant conditions using a full-wave reflectometer code, FWR2D. Reasonable correlation of the synthetic diagnostic signal with density fluctuations at the plasma cutoff surface for a wide range of fluctuation parameters is evaluated and achieved for coherent oscillations; also the frequency spectra are compared for relevant fluctuations. The consequences of non-idealities inherent to imaging fluctuations away from the plasma midplane, where receiving antennas view the plasma cutoff at oblique angles, are evaluated for the optimization of these systems.
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Wegdam W, Meijer D, Kramer G, Langridge J, Moerland P, de Jong S, Vissers J, Kenter G, Buist M, Aerts J. P1.23 Quantitative Detection of Discriminatory Proteins in Tissue and Serum of Ovarian Cancer Patients by Lc-Mse. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)31314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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