51
|
Schroeder H, Skelly P, Zipfel PF, Losson B, Vanderplasschen A. Subversion of complement by hematophagous parasites. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 33:5-13. [PMID: 18762211 PMCID: PMC2642905 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The complement system is a crucial part of innate and adaptive immunity which exerts a significant evolutionary pressure on pathogens. It has selected for those pathogens, mainly microorganisms but also parasites, that have evolved countermeasures. The characterization of how pathogens evade complement attack is a rapidly developing field of current research. In recent years, multiple complement evasion strategies have been characterized. In this review, we focus on complement escape mechanisms expressed by hematophagous parasites, a heterogeneous group of metazoan parasites that share the property of ingesting the whole blood of their host. Complement inhibition is crucial for parasite survival within the host tissue or to facilitate blood feeding. Finally, complement inhibition by hematophagous parasites may also contribute to their success as pathogen vectors.
Collapse
|
52
|
Kleist-Welch Guerra W, Schroeder H. Iatrogene Nervenläsionen der oberen Extremität – Häufigkeit und Ergebnisse der mikrochirurgischen Therapie. AKTUELLE NEUROLOGIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1067383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
53
|
Schroeder H, Buckley K, Nguyen H, Schelonka R, Zhuang Y, Wang D, Brown M, Mestecky J. Changes in the mature antibody repertoire may impair heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection in the aged. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.847.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
54
|
Baldauf J, Müller JU, Fleck S, Hinz P, Chiriac A, Schroeder H. The Value of Intraoperative Three Dimensional Fluoroscopy in Anterior Decompressive Surgery of the Cervical Spine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 69:30-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-992796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
55
|
Guerra W, Baldauf J, Schroeder H. Long-term Results After Microsurgical Repair of Traumatic Nerve Lesions of the Upper Extremities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 68:195-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-985859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
56
|
Petersson S, Schroeder H, Jensen C, Illum N. G.P.19.07 Gene and protein expression of muscle specific genes in children. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
57
|
Joergensen L, Jensen C, Davis E, Charlier C, Georges M, Schroeder H. G.P.3.17 DLK1 as a candidate for booster gene therapy in muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
58
|
Daix V, Schroeder H, Praet N, Georgin JP, Chiappino I, Gillet L, de Fays K, Decrem Y, Leboulle G, Godfroid E, Bollen A, Pastoret PP, Gern L, Sharp PM, Vanderplasschen A. Ixodes ticks belonging to the Ixodes ricinus complex encode a family of anticomplement proteins. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 16:155-66. [PMID: 17298559 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The alternative pathway of complement is an important innate defence against pathogens including ticks. This component of the immune system has selected for pathogens that have evolved countermeasures. Recently, a salivary protein able to inhibit the alternative pathway was cloned from the American tick Ixodes scapularis (Valenzuela et al., 2000; J. Biol. Chem. 275, 18717-18723). Here, we isolated two different sequences, similar to Isac, from the transcriptome of I. ricinus salivary glands. Expression of these sequences revealed that they both encode secreted proteins able to inhibit the complement alternative pathway. These proteins, called I. ricinus anticomplement (IRAC) protein I and II, are coexpressed constitutively in I. ricinus salivary glands and are upregulated during blood feeding. Also, we demonstrated that they are the products of different genes and not of alleles of the same locus. Finally, phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that ticks belonging to the Ixodes ricinus complex encode a family of relatively small anticomplement molecules undergoing diversification by positive Darwinian selection.
Collapse
|
59
|
Houshian S, Chikkamuniyappa C, Schroeder H. Gradual joint distraction of post-traumatic flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal joint by a mini-external fixator. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY. BRITISH VOLUME 2007; 89:206-9. [PMID: 17322436 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.89b2.18448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the outcome of the treatment of chronic post-traumatic contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint by gradual distraction correction using an external fixator. A total of 30 consecutive patients with a mean age of 34 years (17 to 54) had distraction for a mean of 16 days (10 to 22). The fixator was removed after a mean of 29 days (16 to 40). Assessment at a mean of 34 months (18 to 54) after completion of treatment showed that the mean active range of movement had significantly increased by 63 degrees (30 degrees to 90 degrees ; p<0.001). The mean active extension gained was 47 degrees (30 degrees to 75 degrees ). Patients aged less than 40 years fared slightly better with a mean gain in active range of movement of 65 degrees (30 degrees to 90 degrees ) compared with those aged more than 40 years, who had a mean gain in active range of movement of 55 degrees (30 degrees to 70 degrees ) but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.148). The use of joint distraction to correct chronic flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal joint is a minimally-invasive and effective method of treatment.
Collapse
|
60
|
Schroeder H, Daix V, Gillet L, Renauld JC, Vanderplasschen A. The paralogous salivary anti-complement proteins IRAC I and IRAC II encoded by Ixodes ricinus ticks have broad and complementary inhibitory activities against the complement of different host species. Microbes Infect 2007; 9:247-50. [PMID: 17223370 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2006.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2006] [Revised: 10/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several observations suggest that inhibition of the host complement alternative pathway by Ixodes tick saliva is crucial to achieve blood feeding. We recently described two paralogous anti-complement proteins called Ixodes ricinus anti-complement (IRAC) proteins I and II co-expressed in I. ricinus salivary glands. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that these sequences were diversifying by a process of positive Darwinian selection, possibly leading to molecules with different biological properties. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that each paralogue may have different inhibitory activities against the complement of different natural host species, thereby contributing to broaden the host range of I. ricinus ticks. IRAC I and IRAC II were tested against the complement of eight I. ricinus natural host species (six mammals and two birds). The results demonstrate that IRAC I and IRAC II have broad and complementary inhibition activities against the complement of different host species. This report is the first description of paralogous anti-complement molecules encoded by a pathogen with broad and complementary inhibitory activities against the complement of different host species.
Collapse
|
61
|
Seifart U, Fink T, Schade-Brittinger C, Hans K, Mueller C, Koschel G, Schroeder H, Lorenz R, Dethling J, Wolf M. Randomised phase II study comparing topotecan/carboplatin administration for 5 versus 3 days in the treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:104-109. [PMID: 17071939 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topotecan is an active drug in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In our previous study, a combination of topotecan with cisplatin was associated with a median overall survival of 7.6 or 8.7 months, depending on the duration of treatment. We have replaced cisplatin by carboplatin in this trial, with the objective of creating a more convenient schedule for our patients. Furthermore, we have also compared the standard 5-day schedule with an experimental 3-day schedule. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 patients with metastatic disease were included. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either topotecan 0.75 mg/m2, days 1-5, and carboplatin AUC 5, day 5 (arm A) or topotecan 1.25 mg/m2, days 1-3, and carboplatin AUC 5, day 3 (arm B). Six cycles were given at a 3-week interval. RESULTS A total of 91 patients were assessable for response. The response during therapy was 86.9% in arm A and 80.0% in arm B. Median survival in arm A was 11.8 months and in arm B 11.6 months (P=0.37). CONCLUSIONS The combination of topotecan and carboplatin is active in extensive-disease SCLC. Toxicity and median survival were comparable in both arms. Three days of treatment seems to be similar to the 5-day regimen.
Collapse
|
62
|
Rothaut J, Schroeder H, Ullmaier H. The growth of helium bubbles in stainless steel at high temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418618308245265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
63
|
Rothaut J, Schroeder H, Ullmaier H. The growth of helium bubbles in stainless steel at high temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642818308246476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
64
|
Schroeder H, Schilling W. Annealing experiments on pure lead after electron irradiation at 4.7 K and below 3 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337577608240828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
65
|
Liu J, Schroeder H, Chin SL, Li R, Xu Z. Nonlinear propagation of fs laser pulses in liquids and evolution of supercontinuum generation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2005; 13:10248-10259. [PMID: 19503239 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear propagation of fs laser pulses in liquids and the dynamic processes of filamentation such as self-focusing, intensity clamping, and evolution of white light production have been analyzed by using one- and two-photon fluorescence. The energy losses of laser pulses caused by multiphoton absorption and conical emission have been measured respectively by z-scan technique. Numerical simulations of fs laser propagation in water have been made to explain the evolution of white light production as well as the small-scale filaments in liquids we have observed by a nonlinear fluorescence technique.
Collapse
|
66
|
Dharmadhikari A, Rajgara F, Mathur D, Schroeder H, Liu J. Efficient broadband emission from condensed media irradiated by low-intensity, unfocused, ultrashort laser light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2005; 13:8555-8564. [PMID: 19498885 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.008555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report here measurements of the efficiencies of broadband emission in different optical media using an unfocused, ultrashort (~40 fs) laser beam. Two different measurements have been carried out by placing a wire mesh in the path of the incident laser radiation. The wire mesh introduces a periodic intensity distribution in the x-y plane and also in the direction of the laser beam propagation. We measure both on-axis and offaxis components of the broadband emission and also observe modulation in broadband generation as the distance between the mesh and the sample is varied. The experimentally measured locations of broadband emission maxima are in agreement with simulations based on Fresnel diffraction integrals. The off-axis emission efficiencies lie in the range of 16-87%.
Collapse
|
67
|
Schroeder H, Liu J, Chin S. From random to controlled small-scale filamentation in water. OPTICS EXPRESS 2004; 12:4768-4774. [PMID: 19484029 DOI: 10.1364/opex.12.004768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Simple apertures such as slits and meshes inserted in the beam path of a powerful Ti:Sapphire laser pulse are suitable to produce stable 1-D and 2-D arrays of filaments in liquids. The thus imposed intensity gradients and diffraction patterns can overcome the inherent beam irregularities which naturally give rise to random small-scale multiple filamentations. This method is visualized by means of two photon fluorescence imaging.
Collapse
|
68
|
Jasmin P, Briggs M, Schroeder H, Sanquer A. P-21 Comparison of a permethrin-pyriproxyfen spray and fipronil spot-on used alone in a therapeutic trial for the diagnosis of canine flea allergy dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2004.00414_21.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
69
|
Oertel J, Wagner W, Piek J, Schroeder H, Gaab M. Waterjet Dissection of Gliomas - Experience with 51 Procedures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 47:154-9. [PMID: 15343431 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-818512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
70
|
Graessler J, Westendorf T, Kopprasch S, Pietzsch J, Schroeder H. W14.359 Effect of low density lipoproteins (LDL) isolated from subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance of the gene expression of CD36, SR-B1, and PPARγ. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
71
|
Grecksch G, Becker A, Schroeder H, Kraus J, Loh H, Höllt V. Accelerated kindling development in �-opioid receptor deficient mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2004; 369:287-93. [PMID: 14963640 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-004-0870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2003] [Accepted: 12/30/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The relevance of mu-opioid systems for central excitability and kindling related disturbed learning performance was underlined by investigations using mu-opioid receptor knockout mice. Mice lacking mu-opioid receptors showed an accelerated kindling development induced by the convulsant drug pentylenetetrazol. Blockade of delta-opioid receptors by naltrindole suppressing kindling development in wild-type animals led to a further acceleration of kindled seizure development in the knockout mice. Mice lacking mu-opioid receptors showed such a low learning performance in the shuttle box, that the kindling induced learning deficit as seen in wild-type mice was not detected. The results were discussed on the basis of receptor binding studies with regard to subtypes of glutamatergic receptors, delta-opioid and somatostatin receptors. An increase in glutamate and somatostatin binding could contribute to the enhanced excitability in the-mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Kindling, Neurologic/drug effects
- Kindling, Neurologic/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Pentylenetetrazole/toxicity
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Protein Binding/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/deficiency
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
Collapse
|
72
|
Bousselmi L, Geissen SU, Schroeder H. Textile wastewater treatment and reuse by solar catalysis: results from a pilot plant in Tunisia. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2004; 49:331-337. [PMID: 15077992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Based on results from bench-scale flow-film-reactors (FFR) and aerated cascade photoreactors, a solar catalytic pilot plant has been built at the site of a textile factory. This plant has an illuminated surface area of 50 m2 and is designed for the treatment of 1 m3 h(-1) of wastewater. The preliminary results are presented and compared with a bench-scale FFR using textile wastewater and dichloroacetic acid. Equivalent degradation kinetics were obtained and it was demonstrated that the solar catalytic technology is able to remove recalcitrant compounds and color. However, on-site optimization is still necessary for wastewater reuse and for an economic application.
Collapse
|
73
|
Moiseev A, Schroeder H, Kotsaridou-Nagel M, Geissen SU, Vogelpohl A. Photocatalytical polishing of paper-mill effluents. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2004; 49:325-330. [PMID: 15077991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is a promising technology for purification of biological pretreated wastewater or destruction of non-biodegradable compounds. For this reason PCO has been investigated as a last step of purification of biologically pre-treated paper-mill effluents. The influence of the parameters pH, TiO2-modification, TiO2-concentration, catalyst re-use, concentration of substances to be oxidised (wastewater quality) has been determined. The TOC of the biologically pretreated wasterwater was up to 55 mg L(-1). This wastewater was treated with a previously presented aerated cascade photoreactor which was modified for batch experiments. A high specific oxidation rate of up to 0.76 g TOC m(-2) h(-1) as well as a complete TOC mineralization has been achieved after the optimisation of the process parameters. The complete destruction of recalcitrant compounds will offer the opportunity to reuse the wastewater in the production process. The increase of the BOD5/TOC ratio after a short irradiation period indicates the transformation of recalcitrant organic compounds to better biodegradable intermediates. The use of PCO as a pre-treatment step for the enhancement of the biodegradability of wastewater, containing recalcitrant or inhibitory compounds is an alternative to a long and energy-intensive total pollutant mineralization.
Collapse
|
74
|
Saarinen-Pihkala UM, Gustafsson G, Carlsen N, Flaegstad T, Forestier E, Glomstein A, Kristinsson J, Lanning M, Schroeder H, Mellander L. Outcome of children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR-ALL): Nordic results on an intensive regimen with restricted central nervous system irradiation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2004; 42:8-23. [PMID: 14752789 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.10461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvement in outcome of childhood high-risk (HR) ALL was sought with a very intensive Nordic protocol leaving most patients without CNS-RT. METHODS A total of 426 consecutive children entered the NOPHO-92 HR-ALL program. HR criteria included WBC > or =50 x 10(9)/L, CNS or testicular involvement, T-cell, lymphomatous features, t(9;22), t(4;11), or slow response. Of these, 152 children had very high risk (VHR) with special definitions. CNS consolidation was based on high-dose MTX (8 g/m2) and ARA-C (12 g/m2) alternating. VHR patients also received cranial RT. RESULTS The 9-year EFS was 61 +/- 3%, OS 74 +/- 2%, and EFS for T-ALL 62 +/- 4%. Cumulative incidence of isolated CNS relapse was 4.7 +/- 1%, and CNS relapse in total 9.9 +/- 2%. Poor prognostic factors were WBC > or =200 x 10(9)/L and a very slow response. CONCLUSIONS HR-ALL was successfully treated on the NOPHO-92 regimen, with a relatively low CNS relapse rate for non-irradiated children. WBC > or =200 x 10(9)/L and very slow response emerged as strong poor prognostic factors.
Collapse
|
75
|
Kehlet U, Boelling K, von der Maase L, Schroeder H. 1225 Incidence of bacteremia after change of care of tunnellated central venous catheters (CVC) in children with cancer. EJC Suppl 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(03)91251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|