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Choi YH, Song JB, Yang DG, Kim YG, Hahn S, Lee HG. A novel no-insulation winding technique of high temperature-superconducting racetrack coil for rotating applications: A progress report in Korea university. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:104704. [PMID: 27802736 DOI: 10.1063/1.4963680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents our recent progress on core technology development for a megawatt-class superconducting wind turbine generator supported by the international collaborative R&D program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning. To outperform the current high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) magnet technology in the wind turbine industry, a novel no-insulation winding technique was first proposed to develop the second-generation HTS racetrack coil for rotating applications. Here, we briefly report our recent studies on no-insulation (NI) winding technique for GdBCO coated conductor racetrack coils in the following areas: (1) Charging-discharging characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils with respect to external pressures applied to straight sections; (2) thermal and electrical stabilities of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils encapsulated with various impregnating materials; (3) quench behaviors of no-insulation racetrack coils wound with GdBCO conductor possessing various lamination layers; (4) electromagnetic characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils under time-varying field conditions. Test results confirmed that this novel NI winding technique was highly promising. It could provide development of a compact, mechanically dense, and self-protecting GdBCO magnet for use in real-world superconducting wind turbine generators.
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Lee JS, Kim MJ, Park SH, Lee SB, Wang T, Jung US, Im J, Kim EJ, Lee KW, Lee HG. Effects of dietary mixture of garlic (Allium sativum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and probiotics on immune responses and caecal counts in young laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:e122-e132. [PMID: 27678135 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a combined mixture of phytogenic extracts (garlic and coriander) and probiotics on growth performance and immune responses in laying hens based on the results of in vitro studies to screen for immunomodulatory potency of each ingredient. Several parameters of immunomodulatory potency were estimated using lamina propria leucocytes (LPLs) isolated from rat intestinal mucosa tissue. Results show that the combined mixture enhanced LPLs proliferation, increased LPL-mediated cytotoxicity against YAC-1 tumour cells, and decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in LPLs. For in vivo study, laying hens (n = 50/each diet group) were fed with control diet, a diet containing antibiotics (0.01% per kg feed) or the combined mixture (0.02% per kg feed) for 21 days. The dietary combined mixture improved egg production (p < 0.05) but not growth performance and carcass traits. Interestingly, the patterns of suppressing plasma IFN-γ productions during inflammation by LPS injection and decreasing caecal E. coli counts in the combined mixture group were comparable to those in the antibiotics group. Taken together, our results suggested that the 0.02% of combined mixture of phytogenic extracts and probiotics as ingredients has potential immunomodulatory effects in laying hens.
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Zhao Y, Lee HG, Kim SK, Yu H, Jin F, Im WT. Mucilaginibacter pocheonensis sp. nov., with ginsenoside-converting activity, isolated from soil of a ginseng-cultivating field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:2862-2868. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Yang DG, Choi YH, Kim YG, Song JB, Lee HG. Analytical and experimental investigation of electrical characteristics of a metallic insulation GdBCO coil. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:034701. [PMID: 27036797 DOI: 10.1063/1.4942911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents results, experimental and analytical, of the electrical characteristics of GdBCO single-pancake coils co-wound with a brass tape as metallic insulation (MI coil). The GdBCO pancakes were subjected to sudden discharge, charge-discharge, and over-current tests. The sudden discharge and charge-discharge test results of the MI coil demonstrated that MI coils can be charged and discharged significantly faster than non-insulated coils that are wound only with GdBCO tape. In over-current tests at 150 A (1.25I(c)), the MI coil exhibited better electrical behavior, i.e., self-protecting features, than its counterpart co-wound with Kapton tape, an insulator. Moreover, the experimental and analytical results are in agreement, validating the use of a concise equivalent parallel-RL circuit model for the MI coil to characterize its electrical behavior. Overall, the MI winding technique is highly promising to help build compact, mechanically robust, and self-protecting magnets composed of REBCO pancake coils. With no organic material in the winding, MI REBCO pancakes will be immune to neutron radiation damage, making the MI winding technique a viable option for fusion reactors, such as for toroidal field, poroidal field magnets, and central solenoid.
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Jin L, Ko SR, Ahn CY, Lee HG, Oh HM. Rhizobacter profundi sp. nov., isolated from freshwater sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1926-1931. [PMID: 26868002 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three bacterial strains, designated DS48-6-5T, DS48-6-7 and DS48-6-9, were isolated from a sediment sample taken from Daechung Reservoir (Republic of Korea) at a water depth of 48 m. Cells of the strains were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile with a single polar flagellum. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the three isolates had clear affiliation with Betaproteobacteria and the closest relatives were Rhizobacter bergeniae KCTC 32299T, Rhizobacter dauci DSM 11587T and Rhizobacter fulvus KCTC 12591T with 97.2-97.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities; the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between the three strains were 99.5-100 %. The only isoprenoid quinone of the three strains was ubiquinone-8, and the major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strains DS48-6-5T, DS48-6-7 and DS48-6-9 was 66.7, 67.0 and 66.8 mol%, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization values of the novel strains with R. bergeniae KCTC 32299T, R. dauci DSM 11587T and R. fulvus KCTC 12591T were 19.3-48.5 %. Based on the evidence from this taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, it is proposed that strains, DS48-6-5T, DS48-6-7 and DS48-6-9, represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobacter, for which the name Rhizobacter profundi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS48-6-5T ( = KCTC 42645T = NBRC 111169T).
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Lee Y, Bok JD, Lee HJ, Lee HG, Kim D, Lee I, Kang SK, Choi YJ. Body Temperature Monitoring Using Subcutaneously Implanted Thermo-loggers from Holstein Steers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:299-306. [PMID: 26732455 PMCID: PMC4698711 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Body temperature (BT) monitoring in cattle could be used to early detect fever from infectious disease or physiological events. Various ways to measure BT have been applied at different locations on cattle including rectum, reticulum, milk, subcutis and ear canal. In other to evaluate the temperature stability and reliability of subcutaneous temperature (ST) in highly fluctuating field conditions for continuous BT monitoring, long term ST profiles were collected and analyzed from cattle in autumn/winter and summer season by surgically implanted thermo-logger devices. Purposes of this study were to assess ST in the field condition as a reference BT and to determine any location effect of implantation on ST profile. In results, ST profile in cattle showed a clear circadian rhythm with daily lowest at 05:00 to 07:00 AM and highest around midnight and rather stable temperature readings (mean±standard deviation [SD], 37.1°C to 37.36°C±0.91°C to 1.02°C). STs are 1.39°C to 1.65°C lower than the rectal temperature and sometimes showed an irregular temperature drop below the normal physiologic one: 19.4% or 36.4% of 54,192 readings were below 36.5°C or 37°C, respectively. Thus, for BT monitoring purposes in a fever-alarming-system, a correction algorithm is necessary to remove the influences of ambient temperature and animal resting behavior especially in winter time. One way to do this is simply discard outlier readings below 36.5°C or 37°C resulting in a much improved mean±SD of 37.6°C±0.64°C or 37.8°C±0.55°C, respectively. For location the upper scapula region seems the most reliable and convenient site for implantation of a thermo-sensor tag in terms of relatively low influence by ambient temperature and easy insertion compared to lower scapula or lateral neck.
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Jin L, Lee HG, Ko SR, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Jatrophihabitans fulvus sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from grass soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:3476-3480. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain PB158T, was isolated from grass soil sampled in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies placed the novel isolate in the class Actinobacteria, and most closely related to Jatrophihabitans endophyticus S9-650T and Jatrophihabitans soli KIS75-12T with 98.1 and 97.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. Cells of strain PB158T formed yellow colonies on R2A agar, contained MK-9(H4) as the predominant menaquinone, meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and included iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, and C17 : 1ω8c as the major fatty acids (>5 %). The acyl type was found to be N-glycolylated. The G+C content of genomic DNA of strain PB158T was 72.4 mol%. In DNA–DNA hybridizations, the DNA–DNA relatedness value observed between strain PB158T and the type strain of J. endophyticus was 21.8 % indicating that the two strains do not belong to the same species. Thus, the combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain PB158T represents a novel species of the genus Jatrophihabitans, for which the name Jatrophihabitans fulvus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB158T ( = KCTC 33605T = JCM 30448T).
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Hong ZS, Kim EJ, Jin YC, Lee JS, Choi YJ, Lee HG. Effects of Supplementing Brown Seaweed By-products in the Diet of Holstein Cows during Transition on Ruminal Fermentation, Growth Performance and Endocrine Responses. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1296-302. [PMID: 26323519 PMCID: PMC4554870 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing brown seaweed by-products (BSB) in the diet of ruminants on ruminal fermentation characteristics, growth performance, endocrine response, and milk production in Holstein cows. In Experiment 1, the effects of different levels (0%, 2%, and 4% of basal diet as Control, 2% BSB, 4% BSB, respectively) of BSB were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h in vitro batch culture rumen fermentation. The pH tended to be higher for the higher level of BSB supplementation, with the pH at 12 h being significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the control. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was lower at 3, 9, 12, and 24 h incubation (p<0.05) compared with the control, and tended to be low at other incubation times. Volatile fatty acid concentration appeared to be minimally changed while lower values were observed with 4% BSB treatment at 24 h (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, effects of levels (0%, 2%, and 4%) of BSB on growth performance, endocrine responses and milk production were studied with Holstein dairy cows during transition. Dry matter intake, daily gain and feed efficiency were not affected by BSB supplementation. The concentration of plasma estrogen for the control, 2% BSB and 4% BSB after three months of pregnancy were 55.7, 94.1, and 72.3 pg/mL, respectively (p = 0.08). Although the differences of progesterone levels between BSB treatments and the control were minimal, the concentration in 4% BSB treatment increased to 157.7% compared with the initial level of the study. Triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were also higher after both three months and eight months of pregnancy than the initial level at the beginning of the study. In addition, BSB treatments during one month after delivery did not affect daily milk yield and composition. In conclusion, the present results indicate that supplementation of BSB did not compromise ruminal fermentation, and animal performance at lower levels and hence may have potential to be used as a safe feed ingredient in dairy cows.
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Nattkemper LA, Lee HG, Valdes-Rodriguez R, Mollanazar NK, Sanders KM, Yosipovitch G. Cholinergic induction of perspiration attenuates nonhistaminergic pruritus in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy controls. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:282-4. [PMID: 25522660 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Choi JC, Kim J, Kang E, Lee JM, Cha J, Kim YJ, Lee HG, Choi JH, Yi DJ. Brain mechanisms of pain relief by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:92-105. [PMID: 25847717 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the exact mechanism of TENS pain relief is unknown, it is believed that TENS impulses interrupt nociceptive signals at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. AIMS To evaluate the hypotheses that during pain caused by noxious stimuli, brain responses, temporal summation and brain functional connectivity are modulated by TENS, and that mechanisms of pain relief by TENS differ between men and women. METHODS During fMRI scanning, the same noxious stimuli were delivered to each participant in pain-only and pain+TENS conditions. In the pain-only condition, noxious stimuli were presented without TENS. In the pain+TENS condition, participants received noxious stimuli and TENS concurrently. Participants were initially presented with TENS at an intensity that was just below that causing discomfort. TENS intensity was presented in a step-wise fashion to prevent temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli. RESULTS Pain and unpleasantness ratings were significantly higher in the pain-only than the pain+TENS condition. With non-painful TENS, primary and secondary somatosensory and parietal cortices were activated, and temporal summation from repetitive noxious stimuli was prevented. Periaqueductal gray (PAG) and lateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity was increased by TENS, and modulated by testosterone and cortisol. Women reported greater pain during TENS than men, and showed greater activation in the temporoparietal junction cortex and increased PAG functional connectivity with the orbitofrontal cortex. CONCLUSION TENS led to pain reduction, probably due to activation of the descending pain-inhibitory pathway, indicating that this TENS method may be applied in clinical practice.
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Srivastava A, Ahn CY, Asthana RK, Lee HG, Oh HM. Status, alert system, and prediction of cyanobacterial bloom in South Korea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:584696. [PMID: 25705675 PMCID: PMC4331163 DOI: 10.1155/2015/584696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bloom-forming freshwater cyanobacterial genera pose a major ecological problem due to their ability to produce toxins and other bioactive compounds, which can have important implications in illnesses of humans and livestock. Cyanobacteria such as Microcystis, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, and Aphanizomenon species producing microcystins and anatoxin-a have been predominantly documented from most South Korean lakes and reservoirs. With the increase in frequency of such blooms, various monitoring approaches, treatment processes, and prediction models have been developed in due course. In this paper we review the field studies and current knowledge on toxin producing cyanobacterial species and ecological variables that regulate toxin production and bloom formation in major rivers (Han, Geum, Nakdong, and Yeongsan) and reservoirs in South Korea. In addition, development of new, fast, and high-throughput techniques for effective monitoring is also discussed with cyanobacterial bloom advisory practices, current management strategies, and their implications in South Korean freshwater bodies.
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Seon CR, Hong JH, Jang J, Lee SH, Choe W, Lee HH, Cheon MS, Pak S, Lee HG, Biel W, Barnsley R. Test of prototype ITER vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer and its application to impurity study in KSTAR plasmas. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11E403. [PMID: 25430310 DOI: 10.1063/1.4886430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To optimize the design of ITER vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) spectrometer, a prototype VUV spectrometer was developed. The sensitivity calibration curve of the spectrometer was calculated from the mirror reflectivity, the grating efficiency, and the detector efficiency. The calibration curve was consistent with the calibration points derived in the experiment using the calibrated hollow cathode lamp. For the application of the prototype ITER VUV spectrometer, the prototype spectrometer was installed at KSTAR, and various impurity emission lines could be measured. By analyzing about 100 shots, strong positive correlation between the O VI and the C IV emission intensities could be found.
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Jo BH, Lee CS, Song HR, Lee HG, Oh HM. Development of Novel Microsatellite Markers for Strain-Specific Identification of Chlorella vulgaris. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 24:1189-95. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1405.05047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Jin L, Ko SR, Lee HG, Kim BH, Kim HS, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Flaviflexus salsibiostraticola sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from a biofilm reactor. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3293-3296. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.064907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, cocci-shaped actinobacterium, designated strain EBR4-1-2T, was isolated from a biofilm reactor in Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed the isolate was clearly affiliated with the class
Actinobacteria
, and was related most closely to
Flaviflexus huanghaiensis
H5T, showing 98.9 % similarity. Cells of strain EBR4-1-2T formed yellow colonies on R2A agar, contained MK-9(H4) as the predominant menaquinone, and included C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω9c and C14 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A5α (l-Lys–l-Ala–l-Lys–d-Glu). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain EBR4-1-2T was 65.6 mol%. Thus, the combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain EBR4-1-2T represents a novel species of the genus
Flaviflexus
, for which the name Flaviflexus
salsibiostraticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EBR4-1-2T ( = KCTC 33148T = JCM 19016T).
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Kang DH, Kim KL, Kim YG, Park YJ, Kim WJ, Kim SH, Lee HG. Investigation of thermal and electrical stabilities of a GdBCO coil using grease as an insulation material for practical superconducting applications. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:094701. [PMID: 25273748 DOI: 10.1063/1.4894202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the effects of thermal grease on the electrical and thermal characteristics of GdBCO pancake coils, observed through charge-discharge, sudden discharge, over-current, and thermal quench testing. In charge-discharge and sudden discharge tests, a coil using thermal grease as an insulation material demonstrated faster charging/discharging rates compared to a coil without turn-to-turn insulation. In the case of over-current tests, the coil using thermal grease exhibited the highest electrical stability. Furthermore, thermal quench testing showed the coil employing thermal grease to possess superior thermal characteristics, with rapid cooling and low temperature rise. Overall, the use of thermal grease as an insulation material may be a potential solution to the problems observed with the existing insulation materials, possessing fast charging/discharging rates with superior thermal and electrical stabilities.
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Kim KS, Hwang YW, Lee HG, Won TY. A numerical study on the charge transport in TPD/Alq3-based organic light emitting diodes. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 14:5839-5843. [PMID: 25936012 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report our simulation study on the charge transport characteristic of the multi-layer structure for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). We performed a numerical simulation on a multilayer structure comprising a hole transport layer (HTL), an emission layer (EML), and an electron transport layer (ETL) between both electrodes. The material of the HTL is TPD (N,N'-Bis (3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl) benzidine), and the ETL includes Alq3 (Tris (8-hyroxyquinolinato) aluminium). Here, we investigated the parameters such as recombination rates which influence the efficiency of the charge transport between layers in bilayer OLEDs. We also analyzed a transient response during the turn on/off period and the carrier transport in accordance with the variation of the injection barrier and applied voltage. In addition, our numerical simulation revealed that the insertion of the EML affects the photonic characteristics in bilayer structure and also the efficiency due to the difference in the internal barrier height.
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Shen YN, Kim SH, Yoon DH, Lee HG, Kang HS, Seo KS. Proteome Analysis of Bovine Longissimus dorsi Muscle Associated with the Marbling Score. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:1083-8. [PMID: 25049666 PMCID: PMC4092992 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The breeding value of marbling score in skeletal muscle is an important factor for evaluating beef quality. In the present study, we investigated proteins associated with the breeding value of the marbling score for bovine sirloin to select potential biomarkers to improve meat quality through comparative proteomic analysis. Proteins isolated from muscle were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. After analyzing images of the stained gel, seven protein spots for the high marbling score group were identified corresponding to changes in expression that were at least two-fold compared to the low marbling score group. Four spots with increased intensities in the high marbling score group were identified as phosphoglycerate kinase 1, triosephophate isomerase, acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein PO, and capping protein (actin filament) Z-line alpha 2. Spots with decreased intensities in the high marbling score group compared to the low score group were identified as 14-3-3 epsilon, carbonic anhydrase II, and myosin light chain 1. Expression of myosin light chain 1 and carbonic anhydrase 2 was confirmed by Western blotting. Taken together, these data could help improve the economic performance of cattle and provide useful information about the underlying the function of bovine skeletal muscle.
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Lee SB, Choi CW, Jin YC, Wang T, Lee KH, Ku MB, Hwang JH, Kim KH, Vega RSA, Lee HG. Effect of Oral Administration of Intact Casein on Gastrointestinal Hormone Secretion and Pancreatic α-Amylase Activity in Korean Native Steer. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:654-60. [PMID: 25049835 PMCID: PMC4093330 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Three Korean native steers (779±24 kg) fitted with duodenal cannulas were used in a 3×3 Latin square design to investigate the influence of oral administration of soluble proteins, intact casein (IC) and acid hydrolyzed casein (AHC), on gastrointestinal hormone (GIH) secretion in the blood and pancreatic α-amylase activity in the duodenum. Oral treatment consisted of a basic diet (control), IC (C+100% protein), or AHC (C+80% amino acid, 20% peptide) for 21 d. Blood and duodenum samples were collected for measurement of serum GI hormones, and pancreatic α-amylase activity was determined at 900, 1030, 1330, 1630, and 1930 h after feeding on d 21 of treatment. The levels of serum cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin in the IC treatment group were higher compared to the other treatment groups (p<0.05). In addition to the changes in CCK and secretin levels upon IC treatment, the pancreatic α-amylase activity in the duodenum was higher in the IC group compared to the control diet group (p<0.05). The response of serum ghrelin to IC and AHC treatment was in accordance with the response of serum secretin. The level of peptide fragments flowing in the duodenum was higher in the IC treatment group than the other treatment groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that an increase in duodenal CCK and secretin upon IC oral administration increased pancreatic α-amylase secretion. In addition, ghrelin may be associated with GI hormone secretion in Korean native steers.
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Kim JT, Lee SJ, Kang MA, Park JE, Kim BY, Yoon DY, Yang Y, Lee CH, Yeom YI, Choe YK, Lee HG. Cystatin SN neutralizes the inhibitory effect of cystatin C on cathepsin B activity. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e974. [PMID: 24357805 PMCID: PMC3877556 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cystatin SN (CST1) is one of the several salivary cystatins that form tight equimolar complexes with cysteine proteases, such as the cathepsins. High expression of CST1 is correlated with advanced pTNM stage in gastric cancer. However, the functional role of CST1 in tumorigenesis has not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that CST1 was highly expressed in colon tumor tissues, compared with nontumor regions. Increased cell proliferation and invasiveness were observed in HCT116 cell lines stably transfected with CST1 cDNA (HCT116-CST1) but not in CST3-transfected cells. We also demonstrated that CST1-overexpressing cell lines exhibited increased tumor growth as well as metastasis in a xenograft nude mouse model. Interestingly, CST1 interacted with cystatin C (CST3), a potent cathepsin B (CTSB) inhibitor, with a higher affinity than the interaction between CST3 and CTSB in the extracellular space of HCT116 cells. CTSB-mediated cellular invasiveness and proteolytic activities were strongly inhibited by CST3, but in the presence of CST1 CTSB activities recovered significantly. Furthermore, domain mapping of CST1 showed that the disulfide-bonded conformation, or conserved folding, of CST1 is important for its secretion and for the neutralization of CST3 activity. These results suggest that CST1 upregulation might be involved in colorectal tumorigenesis and acts by neutralizing the inhibition of CTSB proteolytic activity by CST3.
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Jin L, Lee HG, Kim SG, Lee KC, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Hymenobacter ruber sp. nov., isolated from grass soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 64:979-983. [PMID: 24425816 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.057976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach was performed on a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain PB156(T), isolated from grass soil. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the isolate was clearly affiliated with the phylum Bacteroidetes, and most closely related to Hymenobacter soli PB17(T), Hymenobacter antarcticus VUG-A42aa(T) and Hymenobacter glaciei VUG-A130(T), showing 96.4, 96.2 and 95.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, while all other species of the genus shared only 89.3-95.2 % similarity. The main polyamine present was sym-homospermidine. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids were C15 : 0 iso, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c/t), C16 : 1ω5c and C15 : 0 anteiso. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PB156(T) was 61.7 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain PB156(T) represents a novel species of the genus Hymenobacter, for which the name Hymenobacter ruber sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB156(T) ( = KCTC 32477(T) = JCM 19433(T)).
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Kim JY, Shin S, Han K, Lee KC, Kim JH, Choi YS, Kim DH, Nam GE, Yeo HD, Lee HG, Ko BJ. Relationship between socioeconomic status and anemia prevalence in adolescent girls based on the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:253-8. [PMID: 24300911 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We studied the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), represented by household income, and the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among adolescent girls in Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS The samples were based on the data from a four-year (2008-2011) collection for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1312 girls, age 10-18 years). The survey included demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional parameters. A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), red blood cell count, white blood cell count and red meat intake was performed. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level lower than 11.5 g/dl for ages 10-11 years and 12.0 g/dl for ages 12-14 years. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin level below 15 μg/l. RESULTS The prevalences of anemia and IDA in Korean girls were 5.3 and 4.2%, respectively. Girls with anemia were older, taller, weighed more, had higher BMI, had higher portion of menarche experience and consumed less red meat than girls without anemia. Girls with higher income had lower anemia prevalence and consumed more iron and vitamins. Logistic regression analysis showed a decreasing trend in anemia prevalence as household income increased. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a relationship between household income and serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels (P=0.003 and P=0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Higher SES leads to lower prevalence of anemia and IDA in Korean adolescent girls. This may be due to the fact that higher SES individuals consume more iron and vitamin C.
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Kim YK, Jung WS, Han GR, Choi KY, Chen CC, Devereaux TP, Chainani A, Miyawaki J, Takata Y, Tanaka Y, Oura M, Shin S, Singh AP, Lee HG, Kim JY, Kim C. Existence of orbital order and its fluctuation in superconducting Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 single crystals revealed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:217001. [PMID: 24313517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.217001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We performed temperature dependent x-ray linear dichroism (XLD) experiments on an iron pnictide system, Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 with x=0.00, 0.05, 0.08, and 0.10 to experimentally verify the existence of orbital ordering (OO). Substantial XLD was observed in polarization dependent x-ray absorption spectra of Fe L edges. By exploiting the difference in the temperature dependent behaviors, OO, and structure contributions to XLD could be clearly separated. The observed OO signal indicates different occupation numbers for d(yz) and d(zx) orbitals and supports the existence of ferro-OO. The results are also consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, we find substantial OO signal well above the structural and magnetic transition temperatures, which suggests the existence of strong OO fluctuations up to high temperatures.
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Jin L, La HJ, Lee HG, Lee JJ, Lee S, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Caulobacter profunda sp. nov., isolated from deep freshwater sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 64:762-767. [PMID: 24198059 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.057240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile, with a single polar flagellum, or non-motile (stalked) and rod-shaped bacteria, DS48-5-2(T) and DS48-6-3, were isolated from a sediment sample collected from a depth of 48 m taken from Daechung Reservoir, Republic of Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the two isolates had clear affiliation with Alphaproteobacteria and the closest relatedness to Caulobacter mirabilis FWC 38(T), Caulobacter fusiformis ATCC 15257(T) and Caulobacter daechungensis H-E3-2(T) showing 98.5%, 97.3% and 97.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, and 96.1-96.7% similarity to all other species of the genus Caulobacter. The two isolates shared 100 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10. The major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c), C16:0, C18:0ω7c 11-methyl and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains DS48-5-2(T) and DS48-6-3 were 66.7 mol% and 66.2 mol%, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization values of strains DS48-5-2(T) and DS48-6-3 with C. mirabilis FWC 38(T), C. fusiformis ATCC 15257(T) and C. daechungensis H-E3-2(T) were 19.3 %-24.4 %. Thus, based on the evidence from polyphasic studies, it is proposed that strains DS48-5-2(T) and DS48-6-3 are representatives of a novel species in the genus Caulobacter, for which the name Caulobacter profunda sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS48-5-2(T) ( = KCTC 32480(T) = JCM 19440(T)).
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Jin L, Lee HG, Kim HS, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Amnibacterium soli sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from grass soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:4750-4753. [PMID: 23990652 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.052506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated strain PB243(T), was isolated from grass soil sampled in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed the isolate was clearly affiliated with the class Actinobacteria, and most closely related to Amnibacterium kyonggiense KEMC 51201-037(T), showing 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Cells of strain PB243(T) formed yellow colonies on R2A agar, contained MK-11 and MK-12 as the predominant menaquinones, l-2,4-diaminobutyric acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, and anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0 among the major fatty acids. The acyl type of the muramic acid was acetyl. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PB243(T) was 71.5 mol%. Thus, the combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain PB243(T) represents a novel species of the genus Amnibacterium, for which the name Amnibacterium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB243(T) ( = KCTC 33147(T) = JCM 19015(T)).
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Jin L, Shin SY, Lee HG, Ahn CY, Oh HM. Lacibacter daechungensis sp. nov., isolated from deep freshwater of a reservoir. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:4519-4523. [PMID: 23859945 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.053702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, orange-pigmented bacterium, designated strain H32-4(T), was isolated from 32 m deep water of Daechung reservoir in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, the closest neighbouring type strain was Lacibacter cauensis NJ-8(T) with which strain H32-4(T) shared 98.9% sequence similarity. The most abundant fatty acids in whole cells of strain H32-4(T) were C15 : 0 iso (40.6 %), C17 : 0 iso 3-OH (22.4%), summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c; 9.3%) and C15:0 (6.6 %). The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain H32-4(T) was 45.7 mol%. Thus, these combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain H32-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Lacibacter, for which the name Lacibacter daechungensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H32-4(T) ( = KCTC 32395(T) = JCM 19172(T)).
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