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Hirvasniemi J, Runhaar J, van der Heijden RA, Zokaeinikoo M, Yang M, Li X, Tan J, Rajamohan HR, Zhou Y, Deniz CM, Caliva F, Iriondo C, Lee JJ, Liu F, Martinez AM, Namiri N, Pedoia V, Panfilov E, Bayramoglu N, Nguyen HH, Nieminen MT, Saarakkala S, Tiulpin A, Lin E, Li A, Li V, Dam EB, Chaudhari AS, Kijowski R, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Oei EHG, Klein S. The KNee OsteoArthritis Prediction (KNOAP2020) challenge: An image analysis challenge to predict incident symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis from MRI and X-ray images. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:115-125. [PMID: 36243308 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The KNee OsteoArthritis Prediction (KNOAP2020) challenge was organized to objectively compare methods for the prediction of incident symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis within 78 months on a test set with blinded ground truth. DESIGN The challenge participants were free to use any available data sources to train their models. A test set of 423 knees from the Prevention of Knee Osteoarthritis in Overweight Females (PROOF) study consisting of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray image data along with clinical risk factors at baseline was made available to all challenge participants. The ground truth outcomes, i.e., which knees developed incident symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis (according to the combined ACR criteria) within 78 months, were not provided to the participants. To assess the performance of the submitted models, we used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROCAUC) and balanced accuracy (BACC). RESULTS Seven teams submitted 23 entries in total. A majority of the algorithms were trained on data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. The model with the highest ROCAUC (0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57-0.70)) used deep learning to extract information from X-ray images combined with clinical variables. The model with the highest BACC (0.59 (95% CI: 0.52-0.65)) ensembled three different models that used automatically extracted X-ray and MRI features along with clinical variables. CONCLUSION The KNOAP2020 challenge established a benchmark for predicting incident symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Accurate prediction of incident symptomatic radiographic knee osteoarthritis is a complex and still unsolved problem requiring additional investigation.
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Hao Y, Cao B, Deng L, Li J, Ran Z, Wu J, Pang B, Tan J, Luo D, Wu W. The first 3D-bioprinted personalized active bone to repair bone defects: A case report. Int J Bioprint 2022; 9:654. [PMID: 37065664 PMCID: PMC10090529 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v9i2.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair and reconstruction of bone defects are still major problems to be solved in the field of orthopedics. Meanwhile, 3D-bioprinted active bone implants may provide a new and effective solution. In this case, we used bioink prepared from the patient’s autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) composite scaffold material to print personalized PCL/β-TCP/PRP active scaffolds layer by layer through 3D bioprinting technology. The scaffold was then applied in the patient to repair and reconstruct bone defect after tibial tumor resection. Compared with traditional bone implant materials, 3D-bioprinted personalized active bone will have significant clinical application prospects due to its advantages of biological activity, osteoinductivity, and personalized design.
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Tan J, Liu C, Li Y, Ma Y, Xie R, Li Z, Wan H, Lui S, Wu M. Assessment of immunotherapy response in intracranial malignancy using semi-automatic segmentation on magnetic resonance images. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1029656. [PMID: 36591295 PMCID: PMC9794597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1029656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore multi-aspect radiologic assessment of immunotherapy response in intracranial malignancies based on a semi-automatic segmentation technique, and to explore volumetric thresholds with good performance according to RECIST 1.1 thresholds. Methods Patients diagnosed with intracranial malignancies and treated with immunotherapy were included retrospectively. In all MR images, target lesions were measured using a semi-automatic segmentation technique that could intelligently generate visual diagrams including RECIST 1.1, total volume, and max. 3D diameter. The changes in parameters were calculated for each patient after immunotherapy. The ROC curve was used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the size change of the legion. This was useful to find new volumetric thresholds with better efficiency in response assessment. The changes in total volume were assessed by conventional volumetric thresholds, while RECIST 1.1 thresholds were for the max. 3D diameter. A chi-square test was used to compare the concordance and diagnostic correlation between the response assessment results of the three criteria. Results A total of 20 cases (average age, 58 years; range, 23 to 84 years) and 58 follow-up MR examinations after immunotherapy were included in the analysis. The P-value of the chi-square test between RECIST 1.1 and total volume is 0 (P <0.05), same as that in RECIST 1.1 and max. 3D diameter. The kappa value of the former two was 0.775, and the kappa value for the latter two was 0.742. The above results indicate a significant correlation and good concordance for all three criteria. In addition, we also found that the volumetric assessment had the best sensitivity and specificity for the immunotherapy response in intracranial malignancies, with a PR threshold of -64.9% and a PD threshold of 21.4%. Conclusions Radiologic assessment of immunotherapy response in intracranial malignancy can be performed by multiple criteria based on semi-automatic segmentation technique on MR images, such as total volume, max. 3D diameter and RECIST 1.1. In addition, new volumetric thresholds with good sensitivity and specificity were found by volumetric assessment.
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Tan MF, Tan J, Zhang FF, Li HQ, Ji HY, Fang SP, Wu CC, Rao YL, Zeng YB, Yang Q. Exogenous glycogen utilization effects the transcriptome and pathogenicity of Streptococcus suis serotype 2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:938286. [DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.938286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes severe infections in humans and the swine industry. Acquisition and utilization of available carbon sources from challenging host environments is necessary for bacterial pathogens to ensure growth and proliferation. Glycogen is abundant in mammalian body and may support the growth of SS2 during infection in hosts. However, limited information is known about the mechanism between the glycogen utilization and host adaptation of SS2. Here, the pleiotropic effects of exogenous glycogen on SS2 were investigated through transcriptome sequencing. Analysis of transcriptome data showed that the main basic metabolic pathways, especially the core carbon metabolism pathways and virulence-associated factors, of SS2 responded actively to glycogen induction. Glycogen induction led to the perturbation of the glycolysis pathway and citrate cycle, but promoted the pentose phosphate pathway and carbohydrate transport systems. Extracellular glycogen utilization also promoted the mixed-acid fermentation in SS2 rather than homolactic fermentation. Subsequently, apuA, a gene encoding the unique bifunctional amylopullulanase for glycogen degradation, was deleted from the wild type and generated the mutant strain ΔapuA. The pathogenicity details of the wild type and ΔapuA cultured in glucose and glycogen were investigated and compared. Results revealed that the capsule synthesis or bacterial morphology were not affected by glycogen incubation or apuA deletion. However, extracellular glycogen utilization significantly enhanced the hemolytic activity, adhesion and invasion ability, and lethality of SS2. The deletion of apuA also impaired the pathogenicity of bacteria cultured in glucose, indicating that ApuA is indeed an important virulence factor. Our results revealed that exogenous glycogen utilization extensively influenced the expression profile of the S. suis genome. Based on the transcriptome response, exogenous glycogen utilization promoted the carbon adaption and pathogenicity of SS2.
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Tan J, Ren L, Xie K, Wang L, Jiang W, Guo Y, Hao Y. Functionalized TiCu/TiCuN coating promotes osteoporotic fracture healing by upregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac092. [PMID: 36683750 PMCID: PMC9847630 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis results in decreased bone mass and insufficient osteogenic function. Existing titanium alloy implants have insufficient osteoinductivity and delayed/incomplete fracture union can occur when used to treat osteoporotic fractures. Copper ions have good osteogenic activity, but their dose-dependent cytotoxicity limits their clinical use for bone implants. In this study, titanium alloy implants functionalized with a TiCu/TiCuN coating by arc ion plating achieved a controlled release of copper ions in vitro for 28 days. The coated alloy was co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and showed excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductivity in vitro. A further exploration of the underlying mechanism by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed that the enhancement effects are related to the upregulation of genes and proteins (such as axin2, β-catenin, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, LEF1 and TCF1/TCF7) involved in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In vivo experiments showed that the TiCu/TiCuN coating significantly promoted osteoporotic fracture healing in a rat femur fracture model, and has good in vivo biocompatibility based on various staining results. Our study confirmed that TiCu/TiCuN-coated Ti promotes osteoporotic fracture healing associated with the Wnt pathway. Because the coating effectively accelerates the healing of osteoporotic fractures and improves bone quality, it has significant clinical application prospects.
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Edwards P, Tan J, Wilson J, Lake J, Ryan J, Ebert J, D'Alessandro P. Upper limb performance and neuromuscular asymmetries in Australian Rules Footballers following shoulder stabilisation surgery. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Pan Y, Chen YX, Zhang J, Lin ML, Liu GM, Xu XL, Fan XQ, Zhong Y, Li Q, Ai SM, Xu W, Tan J, Zhou HF, Xu DD, Zhang HY, Xu B, Wang S, Ma JJ, Zhang S, Gan LY, Cui JT, Li L, Xie YY, Guo X, Pan-Doh N, Zhu ZT, Lu Y, Shi YX, Xia YW, Li ZY, Liang D. Doxycycline vs Placebo at 12 Weeks in Patients With Mild Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2022; 140:1076-1083. [PMID: 36173609 PMCID: PMC9523551 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Importance Mild thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) negatively impacts quality of life, yet no clinical guidelines for its treatment are available. Existing evidence supports the use of doxycycline in treating mild TAO. Objective To evaluate the short-term (12 weeks) efficacy of doxycycline in treating mild TAO. Design, Setting, and Participants In this placebo-controlled multicenter randomized double-masked trial, 148 patients were assessed for eligibility. After exclusions (patients who were pregnant or lactating, had an allergy to tetracyclines, or had uncontrolled systematic diseases), 100 patients with mild TAO (orbital soft tissue affected mildly) at 5 centers in China were enrolled from July 2013 to December 2019 and monitored for 12 weeks. Interventions Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive doxycycline (50 mg) or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the rate of improvement at 12 weeks compared with baseline assessed by a composite indicator of eyelid aperture (reduction ≥2 mm), proptosis (reduction ≥2 mm), ocular motility (increase ≥8°), and Graves ophthalmopathy-specific quality-of-life (GO-QOL) scale score (increase ≥6 points). Adverse events were recorded. Results A total of 50 participants were assigned to doxycycline and 50 to placebo. The mean (SD) age was 36.7 (9.1) years; 75 participants (75.0%) were female and 100 (100.0%) were Asian. Medication compliance was checked during participant interviews and by counting excess tablets. At week 12, the improvement rate was 38.0% (19 of 50) in the doxycycline group and 16.0% (8 of 50) in the placebo group (difference, 22.0%; 95% CI, 5.0-39.0; P = .01) in the intention-to-treat population. The per-protocol sensitivity analysis showed similar results (39.6% [19 of 48] vs 16.0% [8 of 50]; difference, 23.6%; 95% CI, 6.4-40.8; P = .009). No adverse events other than 1 case of mild gastric acid regurgitation was recorded in either group. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study indicate that oral doxycycline, 50 mg daily, resulted in greater improvement of TAO-related symptoms at 12 weeks compared with placebo in patients with mild TAO. These findings support the consideration of doxycycline for mild TAO but should be tempered by recognizing the relatively short follow-up and the size of the cohort. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02203682.
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Tan J, Li J, Cao B, Wu J, Luo D, Ran Z, Deng L, Li X, Jiang W, Xie K, Wang L, Hao Y. Niobium promotes fracture healing in rats by regulating the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway: An in vivo and in vitro study. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:113-125. [PMID: 36262960 PMCID: PMC9563354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stable fixation is crucial in fracture treatment. Currently, optimal fracture fixation devices with osteoinductivity, mechanical compatibility, and corrosion resistance are urgently needed for clinical practice. Niobium (Nb), whose mechanical properties are similar to those of bone tissue, has excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, so it has the potential to be the most appropriate fixation material for internal fracture treatment. However, not much attention has been paid to the use of Nb in the area of clinical implants. Yet its role and mechanism of promoting fracture healing remain unclear. Hence, this study aims at elucidating on the effectiveness of Nb by systematically evaluating its osteogenic performance via in vivo and ex vivo tests. Methods Systematic in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the osteogenic properties of Nb. In vitro experiments, the biocompatibility and osteopromoting activity of Nb were assessed. And the osteoinductive activity of Nb was assessed by alizarin red, ALP staining and PCR test. In vivo experiments, the effectiveness and biosafety of Nb in promoting fracture healing were evaluated using a rat femoral fracture model. Through the analysis of gene sequencing results of bone scab tissues, the upregulation of PI3K-Akt pathway expression was detected and it was verified by histochemical staining and WB experiments. Results Experiments in this study had proved that Nb had excellent in-vitro cell adhesion and proliferation-promoting effects without cytotoxicity. In addition, ALP activity, alizarin red staining and semi-quantitative analysis in the Nb group had indicated its profound impact on enhancing osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. We also found that the use of Nb implants can accelerate fracture healing compared to that with Ti6Al4V using an animal model of femur fracture in rats, and the biosafety of Nb was confirmed in vivo via histological evaluation. Furthermore, we found that the osteogenic effects of Nb were achieved through activation of the PIK/Akt3 signalling pathway. Conclusion As is shown in the present research, Nb possessed excellent biosafety in clinical implants and accelerated fracture healing by activating the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, which had good prospects for clinical translation, and it can replace titanium alloy as a material for new functional implants.
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Lei Y, Tan J, Ouyang HW, Liu XJ, Yu YL. [Effects of composite laser technique combined with multipoint microinjection of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of hypertrophic scars in burn children]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG YU CHUANG MIAN XIU FU ZA ZHI 2022; 38:810-815. [PMID: 36177584 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220519-00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of pulsed dye laser (PDL) and ultra-pulsed fractional carbon dioxide laser (UFCL) combined with multipoint microinjection of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of red hypertrophic scar at early stage in burn children. Methods: A retrospective cohort before-after control study in the same patients was conducted. From February 2019 to December 2020, a total of 67 burn children who met the inclusion criteria (32 males and 35 females, aged 1 to 12 years) with red hyperplastic scar at early stage, were treated in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (1st Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University). All the children were treated with composite laser technique (PDL and UFCL) combined with triamcinolone acetonide (hereinafter referred to as combined treatment). After 2 months, they received the second combined treatment. Before the first combined treatment and 6 months after the last combined treatment, the scar of children was evaluated with the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) by physicians and family members. Six months after the last combined treatment, the satisfaction of the patients' family members with the efficacy was recorded and the overall satisfaction rate was calculated. Adverse reactions were recorded throughout the treatment process. Data were statistically analyzed with paired sample t test. Results: Six months after the last combined treatment, the POSAS scores of children on the thickness, blood vessels distribution, color, surface roughness, texture, scope, and overall evaluation of scar evaluated by the physicians, and the POSAS scores of children on the color, degree of pain, degree of itching, hardness, thickness, shape and size, and overall evaluation of scar evaluated by the family members were significantly lower than those before the first combined treatment (with t values of 17.32, 16.73, 15.00, 14.91, 19.62, 28.74, 29.83, 17.43, 20.52, 29.01, 28.82, 24.91, 20.30, and 42.13, respectively, P<0.01). Six months after the last combined treatment, 62 (93%), 3 (4%), and 2 (3%) children's family members were very satisfied, satisfied, and relatively satisfied with the treatment effect, respectively, and the overall satisfaction rate was 97% (65/67). Six months after the last combined treatment, no scar thickening or infection occurred in all the wounds of children. Conclusions: Composite laser technique combined with multipoint microinjection of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of red hypertrophic scar at early stage in burn children can improve the appearance and texture of scar, reduce scar pain and pruritus, with high satisfaction of children's family members to the treatment effect and less adverse reactions.
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Tan J, Bi S, Li J, Gu J, Wang Y, Xiong J, Yu X, Du L. Comparative effects of different types of cardioplegia in cardiac surgery: A network meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:996744. [PMID: 36176979 PMCID: PMC9513158 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.996744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo compare the outcomes of four types of cardioplegia during cardiac surgery: del Nido (DN), blood cardioplegia (BC), histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) and St. Thomas.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies from 2005 to 2021 were identified in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Data were extracted for the primary endpoint of perioperative mortality as well as the following secondary endpoints: atrial fibrillation, renal failure, stroke, use of an intra-aortic balloon pump, re-exploration, intensive care unit stay and hospital stay. A network meta-analysis comparing all four types of cardioplegia was performed, as well as direct meta-analysis comparing pairs of cardioplegia types.ResultsData were extracted from 18 RCTs and 49 observational cohort studies involving 18,191 adult patients (55 studies) and 1,634 children (12 studies). Among adult patients, risk of mortality was significantly higher for HTK (1.89, 95% CI 1.10, 3.52) and BC (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.22, 2.79) than for DN. Risk of atrial fibrillation was significantly higher for BC (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09, 1.86) and DN (RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.15, 2.03) than for HTK. Among pediatric patients, no significant differences in endpoints were observed among the four types of cardioplegia.ConclusionsThis network meta-analysis suggests that among adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery, DN may be associated with lower perioperative mortality than HTK or BC, while risk of atrial fibrillation may be lower with HTK than with BC or DN.
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Tan J. EP08.02-002 Aumolertinib in the Treatment of Activated EGFR Mutation Advanced NSCLC Patients with Interstitial Pneumonia. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Chua M, Sim A, Hakansson A, Ong E, Low K, Tan C, Tan J, Lau A, Tuan J, Tan T, Wang M, Yeong J, Tan M, Lee L, Kanesvaran R, Tay K, Liu S, Khor L, Davicioni E. 1408P Comparative transcriptomic analyses of 100,691 primary tumors from East Asian (EA) and North American (NA) men with prostate cancer (PCa). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Ji W, Li X, Cang S, Xiang Y, Li X, Zhang J, Tan J, Wang Q, Jiang D, Zhang H, Lu S. 1129P Real-world outcomes of second-line osimertinib for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation in China. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Luo J, Tan J, Huang H, Chen W, Jin L, Wang S. 718 Identification of novel loci associated with scalp hair-whorl direction. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Tan J, Ding B, Zheng P, Chen H, Ma P, Lin J. Hollow Aluminum Hydroxide Modified Silica Nanoadjuvants with Amplified Immunotherapy Effects through Immunogenic Cell Death Induction and Antigen Release. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202462. [PMID: 35896867 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the widespread application of vaccine adjuvants in various preventive vaccines at present, the existing adjuvants are still hindered by weak cellular immunity responses in therapeutic cancer vaccines. Herein, a hollow silica nanoadjuvant containing aluminum hydroxide spikes on the surface (SiAl) is synthesized for the co-loading of chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (Dox) and tumor fragment (TF) as tumor antigens (SiAl@Dox@TF). The obtained nanovaccines show significantly elevated anti-tumor immunity responses thanks to silica and aluminum-based composite nanoadjuvant-mediated tumor antigen release and Dox-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD). In addition, the highest frequencies of dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and memory T cells as well as the best mice breast cancer (4T1) tumor growth inhibitory are also observed in SiAl@Dox@TF group, indicating favorable potential of SiAl nanoadjuvants for further applications. This work is believed to provide inspiration for the design of new-style nanoadjuvants and adjuvant-based cancer vaccines.
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Wong YJ, Kumar R, Kumar R, Tan J, Liu CH, Hui VW, Tan SS, Kao JH, Wong GL, Thurairajah PH. Treatment outcomes of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir among NS5A inhibitor-experienced patients with hepatitis C: Real-world data from a multicenter Asian registry. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1642-1644. [PMID: 35723645 PMCID: PMC9543910 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yu M, Liu K, Li M, Yan J, Cao C, Tan J, Liang J, Guo K, Cao W, Lan P, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Lu P. Full experimental determination of tunneling time with attosecond-scale streaking method. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:215. [PMID: 35798716 PMCID: PMC9262890 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tunneling is one of the most fundamental and ubiquitous processes in the quantum world. The question of how long a particle takes to tunnel through a potential barrier has sparked a long-standing debate since the early days of quantum mechanics. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel scheme to accurately determine the tunneling time of an electron. In this scheme, a weak laser field is used to streak the tunneling current produced by a strong elliptically polarized laser field in an attoclock configuration, allowing us to retrieve the tunneling ionization time relative to the field maximum with a precision of a few attoseconds. This overcomes the difficulties in previous attoclock measurements wherein the Coulomb effect on the photoelectron momentum distribution has to be removed with theoretical models and it requires accurate information of the driving laser fields. We demonstrate that the tunneling time of an electron from an atom is close to zero within our experimental accuracy. Our study represents a straightforward approach toward attosecond time-resolved imaging of electron motion in atoms and molecules.
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Solayar R, Tan J, Ng N, Lo A, Challa P, Wahi S, Atherton J, Younger J, Dahiya A. 417 The Utility Of Standard, Diastolic Phase, Cardiac Computed Tomography (dCCT) In Diagnosing And Identifying High Risk Features In Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (ApHCM). J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chamani F, Tan J, Tharzeen A, Natarajan B, Sheth R, Kim J, Prakash P. Abstract No. 351 Microneedle array platform with spatial control of heating and drug delivery profiles for experimental studies in small animals. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Chen Z, Tan J, Cheng T, Wu X, Gu J, Liao Z. POS0014 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF JAK INHIBITORS IN REFRACTORY OR INITIAL TREATMENT OF ADULT ONSET STILL’S DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundInappropriate activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 or IL-18, is a pathogenic cornerstone in adult onset Still’s disease (AOSD). Beyond therapies targeting IL-1 and IL-6, Janus kinases (JAK) inhibitors have been suggested to be efficient in refractory AOSD patients [1].ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of AOSD patient refractory to, or with initial treatment.MethodsThis retrospective study was based on our single center of the department of rheumatology and immunology. The data was collected from the patients’ medical records using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed at different time points. The response to JAK inhibitors was categorized as complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR) or failure (F) [2].Results7 patients were recruited (Table 1), including 4 refractory patients and 3 initial patients. Mean age at JAK inhibitor treatment start was 27.5 years for refractory patients and 35 years for initial patients; and mean disease duration was 66.5 months and 1 month respectively. All patients had fever and polyarthritis, 5 patents had rash. In addition, pulmonary hypertension, abnormal liver function tests, abdominal pain, and heart failure were also observed in our patients. Response to corticosteroids, conventional synthetic or biological Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) had been considered inadequate in 4 refractory patients. Tofacitinib was added in the initial treatment for 3 patients for high disease activity. In total, baricitinib was used in 2 patients and tofacitinib in 5 patients. Steroids were concurrently used in 6 patients, MTX in three, SASP and NSAIDs in one. At a mean follow up of 3.8 months, complete remission was observed in one patient (with tofacitinib), partial remission was in 5 patients (4 patients with tofacitinib and one with baricitinib), and failure in one (patients with baricitinib). At the last visit, steroids could be decreased but not stopped in those 6 patients. Tolerance of JAK inhibitors was excellent, none infectious disease or other severe side effect were observed.Table 1.Characteristics of the AOSD patientsNo.SexAge (year)Disease Duration (Month)Main symptomsTreatments before JAKionsetJAKiSteroids at onsetConconmitant treatmentSteroids at the end of F-UF-U(month)Outcome1M2629Fever, polyarthritisPred+MTXTofacitinib0MTX04PR2M259Fever, polyarthritis, rash, pulmonary hypertensionPred+MTXBaricitinib16MTX+Pred124F3M3812Fever, polyarthritis, rashPred+MTX+CsA+NSAIDsTofacitinib24Pred123PR4M21216Fever, polyarthritisPred+MTX+SASP+NSAIDs+TNFiBaricitinib4Pred+MTX+SASP+NSAIDs43PR5F331Fever, polyarthritis, rash, abnormal liver function testsPredTofacitinib40Pred25CR6F471Fever, polyarthritis, rash, abdominal painPredTofacitinib36Pred45PR7F251Fever, polyarthritis, rash, heart failurePredTofacitinib40Pred123PRPred: prednisone; MTX: Methotrexate; SASP: salicylazosulfapyridine; CsA: ciclosporin A; NSAIDs: Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs; TNFi: Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. CR: complete remission; PR: partial remission; F: failure.ConclusionJAK inhibitors treatment may be helpful for some patients with refractory AOSD, or patients with severe disease activity at initial treatment. Different treatment responses were observed in these short series of cases, which might be due to the phenotype of patients. However, the scale of patients in our study was too low to draw a conclusion. Further study and additional information are needed to evaluate more precisely the risk-benefit ratio of this treatment, and a possible difference in efficacy among the different groups of patients or JAK inhibitors.References[1]Aosd T, Table E. Ann Rheum Dis 2020;79:842–4.[2]Vercruysse F, Barnetche T, Lazaro E, et al. Arthritis Res Ther 2019;21:1–11. doi:10.1186/s13075-019-1838-6.Figure 1.Changes in laboratory test (A) WBC; (B) CRP; (C) ESR;(D) Ferritin. M0: baseline; M1: month 1; M3: month 3; M5: month 5.AcknowledgementsNoneDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Cheng T, Chen Z, Tan J, Jiang Y, Liao Z. AB1520 EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF TOCILIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY ADULT-ONSET STILL’S DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) are involved in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD). Anti-IL-6 agents such as tocilizumab have been tried to treat AOSD successfully.ObjectivesTo access the efficacy of tocilizumab in the treatment of AOSD patient refractory to,or with initial treatment.MethodsWe reviewed three cases with refractory AOSD treated with tocilizumab. All patients fulfill the Cush criteria for AOSD. All patients performed blood culture, auto-antibodies test and bone marrow test to exclude infectious diseases, other rheumatic diseases and tumors. All patients received broad-spectrum antibiotics and had no response. All patients received glucocorticoid therapy and at least one kind of anti-cytokine therapies but didn’t have full response. Then the three patients received intravenous tocilizumab treatment of 8mg/kg every 2 weeks or 4 weeks.ResultsThe first patient, a 21-year-old woman, performed positron emission tomography (PET-CT) and lymphoglandula pathology in addition to routine tests. She received high dose methylprednisolone (500mg per day for 3 days and followed by 80mg per day), gamma globulin injection (20g per day for 3 days) and baricitinib 4mg per day for 12 days, but had no response to the treatment. Then she received tocilizumab of 8mg/kg every 2 weeks and stopped baricitinib. And the symptoms and blood tests improved gradually, and the methylprednisolone dose reduced to 16mg per day at the last follow-up.The second patient is a 52-year-old man, and performed bone marrow cytology and PET-CT to excluded hematological diseases. He received methylprednisolone 80mg per day, adalimumab and tofacitinib treatment. But the patients still got recurrent fever, high ESR, CRP and serum ferritin. Then he stopped adalimumab and tofacitinib, and received tocilizumab of 8mg/kg every 2 weeks and reduced to 8mg/kg every 4 weeks because of economic factors. The patient did not develop fever and the inflammatory indexes such as ESR/CRP gradually decreased to normal range. And methylprednisolone dose reduced to 32mg nowadays.The third patient is a 30-year-old woman and has recurrent AOSD for 15 years. She had tried glucocorticoids, methotrexate, iguratimod, baritinib and entanercept successively. Yet she still had recurrent arthritis on hand and knee, and elevated ESR/CRP/serum ferritin. Additionally she suffered femoral head necrosis because of excessive doses of glucocorticoid. The patient received tocilizumab 8mg/kg every 4 weeks, then joint symptoms and inflammatory indicators improved significantly. The methylprednisolone dose was also successfully reduced to 4mg/d.The Figure 1 showed the main course of disease evolution.Figure 1.ConclusionTocilizumab may be an effective candidate in refractory AOSD despite no response to other treatments.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Tan J, Lu T, Xu J, Hou Y, Chen Z, Zhou K, Ding Y, Jiang B, Zhu Y. MicroRNA-4463 facilitates the development of colon cancer by suppression of the expression of PPP1R12B. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1115-1123. [PMID: 35064454 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present work, we investigated the expression pattern of miR-4463 in the non-metastasis and metastasis colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and its regulation axis. METHODS RT-qPCR assay was performed to assess miR-4463 expression in the serum and tissues of patients with non-metastasis and metastasis, and in the CRC cell lines. MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry assay were used to examine the role of miR-4463 in CRC cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify the potential target gene of miR-4463, and the targeting relationship between miR-4463 and PPP1R12B was verified in vitro using dual luciferase assay. Western blotting assay was used to determine the protein level of the target gene PPP1R12B in CRC cells under the transfections of miR-4463 mimic, inhibitor and vectors overexpressing PPP1R12B. RESULTS miR-4463 was markedly increased in the non-metastasis CRC tissues, and increased even higher in the metastasis CRC tissues, while miR-4463 expression had no significant difference in serum from non-metastasis and metastasis CRC samples. Besides, miR-4463 was upregulated in CRC cell lines. Functionally, miR-4463 promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration, and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Further analysis revealed that the miR-4463/PPP1R12B axis was responsible for the role of this miRNA. CONCLUSION We reported the roles of miR-4463 in CRC proliferation and migration, supporting that miR-4463 could be a potential predictive diagnostic marker for colon cancer.
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Melland-Smith M, Khan U, Smith L, Tan J. Comparison of two fascial defect closure methods for laparoscopic incisional hernia repair. Hernia 2022; 26:945-951. [PMID: 34297250 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-021-02443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently there is no consensus regarding the optimal surgical approach to an incisional hernia measuring less than 10 cm. Certain hernia features including defect size, intra-abdominal adhesions, and overlying scar/skin properties contribute to choosing an open versus a laparoscopic approach. This retrospective cohort study was designed to compare incisional hernia defects repaired with laparoscopic suture closure to a hybrid approach with open defect closure, both with laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) reinforcement. METHODS We identified 164 consecutive patients who underwent incisional hernia repair from two centers, North York General Hospital (NYGH) and Humber River Hospital (HRH) between 2015 and 2020. Patients were grouped by totally laparoscopic or hybrid fascial closure. Both techniques included laparoscopically placed intra-peritoneal mesh with 5 cm of overlap in all directions. Patients were analyzed by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), ASA class and hernia size. Primary outcomes included surgical site infection (SSI), other wound complications including seroma/hematoma, length of hospital stay, pain reported at follow-up appointment, and hernia recurrence. RESULTS Post-operative pain, surgical site infections and seromas did not differ between the totally laparoscopic and hybrid approach. The recurrence rates were 5.8% and 6.8% for the laparoscopic and hybrid group, respectively, which were not significantly different. The time to recurrence was 15 months (range 8-12) in the laparoscopic group and 7 months (range 6-36) in the hybrid group, also not significantly different. The hernia defect size and BMI were significantly higher in the hybrid group, without increased wound complications. CONCLUSION These results suggest that a hybrid approach to incisional ventral hernia repair with open defect closure is comparable to a totally laparoscopic closure. The hybrid technique can help facilitate fascial closure and resection of the hernia sac in patients with higher BMI and hernia defects up to 6 cm.
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Jamal S, Gonzalez Arreola L, Tan J, Ye C, Roberts J, Fifi-Mah A, Hudson M, Hoa S, Pope J, Colmegna I, Appleton CT. POS1361 THE CANADIAN RESEARCH GROUP OF RHEUMATOLOGY IN IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY (CanRIO): A NATIONWIDE MULTI-CENTER PROSPECTIVE COHORT. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) have altered the landscape of cancer therapy. However, toxicities are common and up to 80% of patients will develop immune-related adverse events (irAE), including rheumatic irAEs (Rh-irAE), which can often limit their cancer treatment. Our knowledge of clinical manifestations and optimal management of patients with Rh-irAE continues to evolve as these agents are being used to treat a wider variety of cancers. Currently available data is limited to retrospective case series and case reports. There is also scarce data on the use of ICI in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease (PAD) as these patients are often excluded from clinical trials.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical presentation, management and early outcomes of patients exposed to ICI with Rh-irAE or PAD recruited and followed prospectively from multiple sites across Canada.MethodsAdult patients with Rh-irAE from cancer immunotherapy (CTLA-4, PD-1 or PDL-1 inhibitors) or those with PAD exposed to cancer immunotherapy are prospectively recruited across 9 academic sites in Canada. Standardized clinical and biologic data are also collected. We describe clinical characteristics and management of patients recruited between January 2020 and October 2021, stratified based on the presence or absence of PAD.Results103 patients were recruited from 9 sites. From those, 85 had Rh-irAE, 47 had pre-existing musculoskeletal and rheumatic diseases, and 20 had other PAD. The most frequent Rh-irAE were joint manifestations (n = 73). Other Rh-irAE included muscle symptoms (n = 7), connective tissue disease (n = 6), vasculitis (n=2) and sarcoid (n = 3). Prednisone was the most common treatment (n = 53). Intraarticular corticosteroids were used in 7 patients. Eleven patients required conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) and only one required biologic DMARD to control the Rh-irAE. Anti-PD-1 therapies were the most used ICI (56.3%), followed by combination therapy (35.9%). Response to index immunotherapy at 6 months was available for 21 patients. Most patients had partial response (57.1%) and only 4 patients had tumor progression (19.1%). The ICI was permanently discontinued due to an irAE in 21 patients (38.1% with PAD and 61.9% without PAD). There were no deaths related to Rh-irAE.ConclusionThe initial sample of the CanRIO prospective national cohort suggests that demographic characteristics and tumor representation in people with PAD and without PAD is similar. Patients with PAD are less likely to receive combination therapy (n= 12 vs. n=25) and are less likely to have tumor progression on ICI (n=1) compared to those without PAD (n=3). Selection bias is noted in this initial sample since half of recruited patients have PAD. The CanRIO cohort provides valuable insight into real-world spectrum and management of Rh-irAE secondary to immunotherapy for cancer.Disclosure of InterestsShahin Jamal Grant/research support from: CanRIO has received financial support from BMS and Organon, Lourdes Gonzalez Arreola: None declared, Julia Tan: None declared, Carrie Ye: None declared, Janet Roberts: None declared, Aurore Fifi-Mah: None declared, Marie Hudson: None declared, Sabrina Hoa: None declared, Janet Pope: None declared, Ines Colmegna: None declared, C. Thomas Appleton: None declared
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Marozoff S, Fazal ZA, Tan J, Lu N, Hoens A, Lacaille D, Kopec J, Xie H, Loree JM, Esdaile J, Aviña-Zubieta JA. OP0248 SEVERE COVID-19 OUTCOMES AMONG PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE RHEUMATIC DISEASES: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIndividuals with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) may be at greater risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes than individuals in the general population.ObjectivesThis study assesses the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and COVID-19-specific mortality in patients with ARDs compared to matched general population comparators.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study, using administrative datasets from British Columbia, Canada (February 2020-August 2021). Among all test-positive SARS-CoV-2 adults, we used ICD codes to identify all individuals with an ARD: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis (PsO/PsA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis, myositis, and adult systemic vasculitides. Individuals with an ARD were matched 1:5 to general population test-positive SARS-CoV-2 individuals on age (± 5 years), sex, month/year of initial positive SARS-CoV-2 test, and health authority. Conditional logistic regression models adjusting for socioeconomic status, Charlson comorbidity index, hypertension, rural address, and number of previous COVID-19 PCR tests were performed to assess risk of COVID-19-related hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and COVID-19-specific mortality (mortality with primary ICD code for COVID-19).ResultsThe risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization was significantly increased for patients with ARDs overall (aOR: 1.30) (Table 1). Within ARDs, the patient group at greatest risk of hospitalization was adult systemic vasculitides (aOR: 2.18). The risk of ICU admission was significantly increased for patients with ARDs overall (aOR: 1.30). Within ARDs, the patient group at greatest risk of ICU admission was those with AS (aOR: 2.03). The risk of COVID-19-specific mortality was significantly increased for patients with ARDs overall (aOR: 1.24). Within ARDs, the patient group at greatest risk of COVID-19-specific mortality was those with AS (aOR: 2.15).Table 1.Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes among patients with ARDsHospitalizationsICU admissionsCOVID-19-specific mortalityn (%)aOR (95% CI)n (%)aOR (95% CI)n (%)aOR (95% CI)ARDs (6,279)780 (12.4)1.30 (1.19, 1.43)225 (3.6)1.30 (1.11, 1.51)229 (3.7)1.24 (1.05, 1.47)ARD comparators (31,130)2,843 (9.1)1.00807 (2.6)1.00847 (2.7)1.00RA(2,067)321 (15.5)1.34 (1.15, 1.54)95 (4.6)1.30 (1.03, 1.65)103 (5.0)1.18 (0.92, 1.52)RA comparators (10,197)1,151 (11.3)1.00336 (3.3)1.00400 (3.9)1.00PsO/PsA(2,695)263 (9.8)1.17 (1.01, 1.37)65 (2.4)0.90 (0.68, 1.19)68 (2.5)0.93 (0.68, 1.26)PsO/PsA comparators (13,411)1,052 (7.8)1.00332 (2.5)1.00309 (2.3)1.00AS(529)51 (9.6)1.36 (0.95, 1.94)20 (3.8)2.03 (1.18, 3.50)13 (2.5)2.15 (1.02, 4.55)AS comparators (2,631)180 (6.8)1.0048 (1.8)1.0032 (1.2)1.00SARDs(1,118)168 (15.0)1.62 (1.32, 2.00)52 (4.7)1.74 (1.24, 2.44)49 (4.4)1.44 (1.00, 2.10)SARDs comparators (5,532)490 (8.9)1.00135 (2.4)1.00157 (2.8)1.00SLE(239)37 (15.5)1.88 (1.18, 3.00)11 (4.6)1.67 (0.75, 3.74)<50.85 (0.17, 4.29)SLE comparators (1,187)77 (6.5)1.0026 (2.2)1.0013 (1.1)1.00Sjogren’s(96)15 (15.6)2.07 (0.94, 4.58)<5*<5*Sjogren’s comparators (477)35 (7.4)1.0014 (2.9)1.0015 (3.2)1.00Myositis(30)5 (16.7)3.18 (0.69, 14.55)<5*<5*Myositis comparators (150)12 (8.0)1.00<51.007 (4.7)1.00Vasculitides(82)25 (30.5)2.18 (1.17, 4.05)8 (9.8)1.70 (0.70, 4.16)<5*Vasculitides comparators (404)64 (15.8)1.0021 (5.2)1.0016 (4.0)1.00Results for systemic sclerosis not presented; sample size too small.*Unable to be calculated (small sample size)ConclusionThe risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes is increased in some ARDs, although magnitude differs across individual diseases. Strategies to mitigate risk, such as booster vaccination, prompt diagnosis, and early intervention with available therapies (e.g., oral antivirals) should be prioritized in these groups according to risk.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (grant COV-2020-1075) and the BC SUPPORT Unit (grant C19-PE-V3).Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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