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Ahn SG, Lee JW, Youn YJ, Kim JY, Lee SH, Yoon J, Kim JH. P5520The difference in in-hospital outcomes between the transradial versus the transfemoral approach for elective and emergency percutaneous coronary intervention: results from the K-PCI Registry. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Choi Y, Kim SH, Kim SH, Kim JY, Kim YR, Kim TS, Hwang YM, Kim JH, Jang SW, Rho TH, Lee MY, Oh YS. P1902Terminating the induced atrial tachyarrhythmia after complete pulmonary vein isolation during catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kim D, Yang PS, Kim TH, Jang E, Yu HT, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip G. 2181What is the ideal blood pressure threshold and target for the management of high blood pressure in patients with atrial fibrillation? Nationwide cohort data covering the entire korean population. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kachulis C, Abe K, Bronner C, Hayato Y, Ikeda M, Iyogi K, Kameda J, Kato Y, Kishimoto Y, Marti L, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nakahata M, Nakano Y, Nakayama S, Okajima Y, Orii A, Pronost G, Sekiya H, Shiozawa M, Sonoda Y, Takeda A, Takenaka A, Tanaka H, Tasaka S, Tomura T, Akutsu R, Kajita T, Kaneyuki K, Nishimura Y, Okumura K, Tsui KM, Labarga L, Fernandez P, Blaszczyk FDM, Gustafson J, Kearns E, Raaf JL, Stone JL, Sulak LR, Berkman S, Tobayama S, Goldhaber M, Elnimr M, Kropp WR, Mine S, Locke S, Weatherly P, Smy MB, Sobel HW, Takhistov V, Ganezer KS, Hill J, Kim JY, Lim IT, Park RG, Himmel A, Li Z, O'Sullivan E, Scholberg K, Walter CW, Ishizuka T, Nakamura T, Jang JS, Choi K, Learned JG, Matsuno S, Smith SN, Amey J, Litchfield RP, Ma WY, Uchida Y, Wascko MO, Cao S, Friend M, Hasegawa T, Ishida T, Ishii T, Kobayashi T, Nakadaira T, Nakamura K, Oyama Y, Sakashita K, Sekiguchi T, Tsukamoto T, Abe KE, Hasegawa M, Suzuki AT, Takeuchi Y, Yano T, Hayashino T, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Huang K, Jiang M, Nakamura KE, Nakaya T, Quilain B, Patel ND, Wendell RA, Anthony LHV, McCauley N, Pritchard A, Fukuda Y, Itow Y, Murase M, Muto F, Mijakowski P, Frankiewicz K, Jung CK, Li X, Palomino JL, Santucci G, Vilela C, Wilking MJ, Yanagisawa C, Ito S, Fukuda D, Ishino H, Kibayashi A, Koshio Y, Nagata H, Sakuda M, Xu C, Kuno Y, Wark D, Di Lodovico F, Richards B, Tacik R, Kim SB, Cole A, Thompson L, Okazawa H, Choi Y, Ito K, Nishijima K, Koshiba M, Totsuka Y, Suda Y, Yokoyama M, Calland RG, Hartz M, Martens K, Simpson C, Suzuki Y, Vagins MR, Hamabe D, Kuze M, Yoshida T, Ishitsuka M, Martin JF, Nantais CM, Tanaka HA, Konaka A, Chen S, Wan L, Zhang Y, Wilkes RJ, Minamino A. Search for Boosted Dark Matter Interacting with Electrons in Super-Kamiokande. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:221301. [PMID: 29906152 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.221301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A search for boosted dark matter using 161.9 kt yr of Super-Kamiokande IV data is presented. We search for an excess of elastically scattered electrons above the atmospheric neutrino background, with a visible energy between 100 MeV and 1 TeV, pointing back to the Galactic center or the Sun. No such excess is observed. Limits on boosted dark matter event rates in multiple angular cones around the Galactic center and Sun are calculated. Limits are also calculated for a baseline model of boosted dark matter produced from cold dark matter annihilation or decay. This is the first experimental search for boosted dark matter from the Galactic center or the Sun interacting in a terrestrial detector.
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Yimenu SM, Kim JY, Kim BS. Prediction of egg freshness during storage using electronic nose. Poult Sci 2018; 96:3733-3746. [PMID: 28938786 PMCID: PMC5850461 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a fast gas chromatography (GC) e-nose for freshness discrimination and for prediction of storage time as well as sensory and internal quality changes during storage of hen eggs. All samples were obtained from the same egg production farm and stored at 20 °C for 20 d. Egg sampling was conducted every 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, and 20 d. During each sampling time, 4 egg cartons (each containing 10 eggs) were randomly selected: one carton for Haugh units, one carton for sensory evaluation and 2 cartons for the e-nose experiment. The e-nose study included 2 independent test sets; calibration (35 samples) and validation (28 samples). Every sampling time, 5 replicates were prepared from one egg carton for calibration samples and 4 replicates were prepared from the remaining egg carton for validation samples. Sensors (peaks) were selected prior to multivariate chemometric analysis; qualitative sensors for principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) and quantitative sensors for partial least square (PLS) modeling. PCA and DFA confirmed the difference in volatile profiles of egg samples from 7 different storage times accounting for a total variance of 95.7% and 93.71%, respectively. Models for predicting storage time, Haugh units, odor score, and overall acceptability score from e-nose data were developed using calibration samples by PLS regression. The results showed that these quality indices were well predicted from the e- nose signals, with correlation coefficients of R2 = 0.9441, R2 = 0.9511, R2 = 0.9725, and R2 = 0.9530 and with training errors of 0.887, 1.24, 0.626, and 0.629, respectively. As a result of ANOVA, most of the PLS model results were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the corresponding reference values. These results proved that the fast GC electronic nose has the potential to assess egg freshness and feasibility to predict multiple egg freshness indices during its circulation in the supply chain.
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Yimenu SM, Kim JY, Koo J, Kim BS. Predictive modeling for monitoring egg freshness during variable temperature storage conditions. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2811-2819. [PMID: 28340058 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall aim of this research was to develop egg freshness prediction models in terms of selected quality indices. Six experiments (4 constant temperatures and 2 variable temperatures) were carried out on hen eggs for a total period of 10, 21, 26, 13, and 105 d at storage temperatures of 30, 20, 20 to 10, 30 to 10, and 5 and 10°C, to observe trends in the relative weight loss (RWL), Haugh unit (HU), yolk index (YI), albumin index (AI), yolk pH, and albumin pH. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in the RWL and a decreasing trend in the YI, AI, and HU for all temperature conditions. The changes in the yolk and albumin pH were not uniform. The data from the constant temperature conditions were used to determine the coefficients of the egg quality prediction models, which consisted of the primary model controlling the change rate of the quality indicator at a temperature condition in differential equation form, and the secondary model controlling the change rate with temperature, which was in quadratic polynomial form. The models were applied to the data from the fluctuating temperature conditions, and the zeroth, third, and eighth order kinetic models described the stepwise change in the RWL, HU, and YI, respectively. The accuracy and bias factor values for the RWL, HU, and YI were 1.116 and 0.940, 1.028 and 1.001, and 1.038 and 0.966, respectively. It can be concluded that the models can be used to predict egg freshness in terms of the RWL, HU, and YI at any temperature condition with in the range of 5 to 30°C during storage.
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Ghassemi Nejad J, Sung KI, Lee BH, Peng JL, Kim JY, Chemere B, Oh SM, Kim MJ, Kim SC, Kim BW. 3 Comparison of hair cortisol levels and body temperature response prior to and post heat stress and water deprivation in Holstein dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kim D, Yang PS, Jang E, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Sung JH, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip GYH. P1195Current and future incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation in korea. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kim YR, Jang SW, Hwang YM, Kim JY, Kim TS, Kim SH, Kim JH, Oh YS, Lee MY, Rho TH. P397Long-term clinical outcomes of misdosing NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Yu HT, Yang PS, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Joung B, Lee MH, Pak HN. 524Poor rhythm outcome of catheter ablation for early onset atrial fibrillation in women: mechanistic insight. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kim D, Yang PS, Jang E, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Sung JH, Joung B, Lip GYH. P1196Increasing trends in hospital-care burden of atrial fibrillation in korea, 2006 through 2015: implications for healthcare planning. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yu HT, Yang PS, Hwang J, Ryu S, Jang E, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Sung JH, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip GYH. P378Influence of reimbursement of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants on overall prescription rates of oral anticoagulation: A nationwide study using the Korean National Health Insurance Data. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lim YM, Yang PS, Jang ES, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Sung JH, Kim JY, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B, Lip GYH. 1009Body mass index variability and long-term risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation in the general population: a korean nationwide cohort study. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Balko JM, Johnson DB, Ericsson-Gonzalez P, Nixon MJ, Salgado R, Sanchez V, Shreeder DM, Rimm DL, Loi S, Kim JY, Bordeaux J, Sanders ME, Davis RS. Abstract P1-08-02: Breast tumor-specific MHC-II expression drives a unique pattern of adaptive resistance to antitumor immunity through MHC-II receptor checkpoint engagement. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p1-08-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: We have previously shown that some breast cancers express major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II), correlating with enhanced immune infiltration. In other tumor types, we have shown that MHC-II expression on tumor cells predicts clinical response to checkpoint inhibition. We sought to determine the direct effects of MHC-II on anti-tumor immunity and characterize mechanisms of immune escape in this breast cancer subset.
Methods: To determine the functional effects of MHC-II on tumor cells, we generated isogenic mouse breast tumor cells with enforced MHC-II expression and determined their ability to generate tumors in syngeneic mice, the impact on immunity, and their response to checkpoint inhibition. In a series of molecularly-characterized HER2+ (n=8) and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC; n=103), we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) for Lag-3, PD-L1, CD4, CD8, FCRL6, and granzyme B.
Results: Following injection in syngeneic immunocompetent mice, MHC-II+ mouse breast tumors were more frequently rejected (p=0.04) and recruited greater numbers of CD4+ TILs. When MHC-II+ tumors escaped rejection, they expressed higher degrees of PD-1 and Lag-3 in the tumor and in the draining lymph node. Since Lag-3 is a checkpoint that specifically targets MHC-II, we hypothesized that MHC-II+ breast cancers escape anti-tumor immunity through suppressing MHC-II-mediated antigen presentation. Combinations of anti-Lag-3 and anti-Pd-1 antibodies inhibited growth of MHC-II+ tumors. These findings led us to also explore Fc receptor-like 6 (FCRL6), a previously reported MHC-II receptor expressed on NK and cytotoxic T cells. Residual MHC-II+ TNBC post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) recruited greater numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs (p=0.0001 and p=0.0002), suggesting enhanced immune recognition. However, MHC-II+ TNBCs also demonstrated a greater frequency of Lag-3+ and FCRL6+ TILs (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively) which frequently co-occurred (p=0.003). Thus, our data suggest that MHC-II expression in breast tumors supports recruitment of MHC-II-specific checkpoint-positive TILs. In line with this concept, QIF analysis demonstrated that the presence of Lag3+ and/or FCRL6+ TILs was strongly associated with suppression of T cell cytotoxicity as assessed by granzyme-B+ CD8+ T cells (p=0.0001 and p=0.002, respectively). Functional analyses of FCRL6 on human NK cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that like Lag3, FCRL6 is a checkpoint which engages MHC-II and suppresses cytotoxic NK and T cell activity.
Conclusions: These data suggest that MHC-II+ breast tumors are immunologically active and circumvent anti-tumor immunity by targeting MHC-II antigen presentation through recruitment of Lag-3+ and FCRL6+ TILs. We describe herein FCRL6 as a novel bona fide immune checkpoint which targets MHC-II, which may impact a variety of cancers. MHC-II expression status may be a useful biomarker for patient stratification on anti-PD-1/anti-Lag-3 combination, and eventually, anti-PD-1/anti-FCRL6 combinations in patients with breast cancer.
Citation Format: Balko JM, Johnson DB, Ericsson-Gonzalez P, Nixon MJ, Salgado R, Sanchez V, Shreeder DM, Rimm DL, Loi S, Kim JY, Bordeaux J, Sanders ME, Davis RS. Breast tumor-specific MHC-II expression drives a unique pattern of adaptive resistance to antitumor immunity through MHC-II receptor checkpoint engagement [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-02.
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Yoon KH, Park HS, Kim JH, Kim JY, Lim SM, Kim SI, Cho YU. Abstract OT2-01-03: A prospective randomized study comparing surgery using electrosurgical bipolar sealing devices and surgery using conventional electro-cautery. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-ot2-01-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Seroma and lymphorrhea are the most common complication following mastectomy and/or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). The manifestation of seroma accelerates complications such as post-operative bleeding, wound infection, prolonged recovery period. Sealing blood vessels and lymph drainages adequately during mastectomy and/or ALND may play a main role in reducing complication. Therefore, adequate sealing vessels and lymphatics during the surgery is important to reduce seroma and lymphorrhea related complications in patients with breast cancer. Objective: This study aims to show that electrosurgical bipolar sealing device for mastectomy could provide clinical benefit in reducing seroma formation. Design: ELBCE (ELectrosurgical Bipolar Devices VS Convention Electronicautery, NCT03166384)is a prospective, randomized, two-arm assignment controlled trial of application of electrosurgical bipolar sealing device for mastectomy in patients with breast cancer. Patients is randomized in 1:1 ratio to conventional suture and tie group or electrosurgical bipolar sealing devices group. Randomization is performed using opening sealed envelope before enrollment. The primary end point is to compare the total drainage volume until drain tube removal. The time to drain removal is also measured. The secondary end points is the total amount of aspiration from seroma after drain tube removal, and the frequency of seroma aspiration. Statistical consideration: A sample size 44 subjects per each arm was planned to provide a 90% power to detect a 25% decrease of the total amount of drainage fluid after surgery by using an electrosurgical bipolar sealing device when compared to a conventional suture and tie technique. In our experience, the average total volume of fluid after conventional suture and tie technique is 220 mL, with a standard deviation of 80. Eligibility criteria:Inclusion criteria are patients older than 20 years and those who planned to undergo total mastectomy and/or ALND. Exclusion criteria are bilateral breast cancer patients, male patients, patients who underwent ipsilateral axillar surgery or radiation therapy, recurrent breast cancer patients, patients without drain catheter, and patients with ductal carcinoma in situ who have not undergone ipsilateral sentinel lymph node biopsy or ALND.Present accrual and target accrual:ELSEBA study has an accrual target of 88 patients. To date, 8 patients have been randomized. Contact information:Dr. Hyung Seek Park, E-mail: hyungseokpark.md@gmail.com; imgenius@yuhs.ac, Telephone: +82-2-2228-2100
Citation Format: Yoon KH, Park HS, Kim JH, Kim JY, Lim SM, Kim SI, Cho YU. A prospective randomized study comparing surgery using electrosurgical bipolar sealing devices and surgery using conventional electro-cautery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-01-03.
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Kim JH, Park HS, Lim SM, Yoon KH, Kim JY, Park S, Kim SI, Cho YU. Abstract P6-11-13: Not presented. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-11-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the symposium.
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Ryu BH, Kim JY, Kim T, Kim MC, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Lee SO, Choi SH, Kim YS, Woo JH, Kim SH. Extensive severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus contamination in surrounding environment in patient rooms. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:911.e1-911.e4. [PMID: 29355730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne disease in Korea and China. Although there is previous evidence of person-to-person transmission via direct contact with body fluids, the role of environmental contamination by SFTS virus (SFTSV) in healthcare settings has not been established. We therefore investigated the contamination of the healthcare environment by SFTSV. METHODS We investigated the possible contamination of hospital air and surfaces with SFTSV transmission by collecting air and swabbing environmental surface samples in two hospitals treating six SFTS patients between March and September 2017. The samples were tested using real-time RT-PCR for SFTS M and S segments. RESULTS Of the six SFTS patients, four received mechanical ventilation and three died. Five rooms were occupied by those using mechanical ventilation or total plasma exchange therapy in isolation rooms without negative pressure and one room was occupied by a patient bedridden due to SFTS. SFTSV was detected in 14 (21%) of 67 swab samples. Five of 24 swab samples were obtained from fomites including stethoscopes, and 9 of 43 were obtained from fixed structures including doorknobs and bed guardrails. Some samples from fixed structures such as television monitors and sink tables were obtained in areas remote from the patients. SFTSV RNA was not detected in five air samples from three patients' rooms. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SFTSV contamination was extensive in surrounding environments in SFTS patients' rooms. Therefore, more strict isolation methods and disinfecting procedures should be considered when managing SFTS patients.
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Kim JY, Yoon YH, Park SM, Choi SH, Cho YD, Hong YS. Heart Rate Variability Measurement in Sepsis Patients. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791402100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Inflammation makes an influence on autonomic nervous system and a change in autonomic nervous activity affects heart rate. Heart rate variability (HRV) test can quantify the autonomous nervous activity. In this study, we evaluated the meaning of heart rate variability in sepsis patients. Methods Heart rate variability test was performed for sepsis patients and healthy volunteers. Normalised low frequency power, reflecting sympathetic activity, was compared to acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score and mortality in emergency department sepsis (MEDS) score in sepsis patients. Then the patients were divided into four groups: 1) severe sepsis patients, 2) sepsis patients admitted to general ward, 3) sepsis patients discharged within 24 hours and 4) healthy volunteers. We obtained averages for the HRV results in all four groups. The receiver operating characteristics curve was examined to determine whether or not HRV variables could be used to triage sepsis patients. Results Correlations between normalised low frequency power (LFnu) with APACHE II score and MEDS score were −0.595 and −0.514, respectively. Low frequency power (LF) and LFnu values decreased in sepsis patients with the higher scores observed in the discharged sepsis patients and healthy volunteers. The areas under the curve for the values of LF and LFnu in the admission and discharge groups were 0.746 and 0.635, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion Variables related to heart rate variability are significantly correlated with the severity of sepsis patients. Although the HRV test alone cannot accurately predict the disposition of sepsis patients, in the emergency room setting it helps to assign beds to sepsis patients within the triage system, and avoid over-population. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:73-79)
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Kim KW, Kim JH, Choe WJ, Kim JY, Lee SI, Kim KT, Park JS, Kim JW, Lee Y, Lee JH, Park J. Effectiveness of 100 Beats per Minute Music on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Compression Rate Education: A Manikin Study. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791702400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines emphasize the importance of high-quality chest compression. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of education using music on the chest compression rate. Methods This randomised, open-labeled study enrolled 81 medical students. They were randomly divided into three groups. After they were educated in CPR according to the American Heart Association 2010 guidelines, they performed 100 chest compressions using a mannequin capable of collecting each compression depth and speed. After that, the control group received a verbal feedback about their own results. The metronome group was also notified of their own results, and listened to the metronome sound at 100 beats per minute (bpm). The music group listened to the music (about 100 bpm). Twenty-four hours after their CPR education, chest compressions were performed again with the method identical to the first evaluation. The results were compared using multivariate analysis of variances. Result Compression rate (bpm): There was a significant difference between the control (mean, 110.4; 95% CI: 104.4, 116.5) and metronome group (mean, 98.5; 95% CI: 91.6, 105.4) after education (p=0.01). There was a significant difference between control and music group (mean, 98.2; 95% CI: 94.6, 101.8) after education (p<0.001) There were no differences between the music and metronome group before or after education (p=0.50, p=0.94). However, the variance of music group was significantly less than the metronome group (p=0.01). Compression depth (inches): there was no difference between the groups according to the CPR education method. (Control: 1.8±0.3; Metronome group: 1.6±0.2; Music group: 1.7±0.3 p=0.09) Conclusion Both education method of using music and metronome are more effective than conventional method. However the effect of using music may be better than using metronome.
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Park SY, Kwon JS, Kim JY, Kim SM, Jang YR, Kim MC, Cho OH, Kim T, Chong YP, Lee SO, Choi SH, Kim YS, Woo JH, Kim SH. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome-associated encephalopathy/encephalitis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 24:432.e1-432.e4. [PMID: 28899841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus has a variety of central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. However, there are limited data regarding SFTS-associated encephalopathy/encephalitis (SFTSAE) and its mechanism. METHODS All patients with confirmed SFTS who underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination due to suspected acute encephalopathy were enrolled in three referral hospitals between January 2013 and October 2016. Real-time RT-PCR for SFTS virus and chemokine/cytokines levels from blood and CSF were analysed. RESULTS Of 41 patients with confirmed SFTS by RT-PCR for SFTS virus using blood samples, 14 (34%) underwent CSF examination due to suspected SFTSAE. All 14 patients with SFTSE revealed normal protein and glucose levels in CSF, and CSF pleocytosis was uncommon (29%, 4/14). Of the eight patients whose CSF was available for further analysis, six (75%) yielded positive results for SFTS virus. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) level in CSF were significantly higher than those in serum (geometric mean 1889 pg/mL in CSF versus 264 pg/mL in serum for MCP-1, p = 0.01, and geometric mean 340 pg/mL in CSF versus 71 pg/mL in serum for IL-8, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The CNS manifestation of SFTS as acute encephalopathy/encephalitis is a common complication of SFTS. Although meningeal inflammation was infrequent in patients with SFTSAE, SFTS virus was frequently detected in CSF with elevated MCP-1 and IL-8. These findings indicate that possible direct invasion of the CNS by SFTS virus with the associated elevated cytokine levels in CSF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SFTSAE.
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Kim T, Jin CE, Sung H, Koo B, Park J, Kim SM, Kim JY, Chong YP, Lee SO, Choi SH, Kim YS, Woo JH, Lee JH, Lee JH, Lee KH, Shin Y, Kim SH. Molecular epidemiology and environmental contamination during an outbreak of parainfluenza virus 3 in a haematology ward. J Hosp Infect 2017; 97:403-413. [PMID: 28893615 PMCID: PMC7114920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Although fomites or contaminated surfaces have been considered as transmission routes, the role of environmental contamination by human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) in healthcare settings is not established. Aim To describe an hPIV-3 nosocomial outbreak and the results of environmental sampling to elucidate the source of nosocomial transmission and the role of environmental contamination. Methods During an hPIV-3 outbreak between May and June 2016, environmental surfaces in contact with clustered patients were swabbed and respiratory specimens used from infected patients and epidemiologically unlinked controls. The epidemiologic relatedness of hPIV-3 strains was investigated by sequencing of the haemagglutinin–neuraminidase and fusion protein genes. Findings Of 19 hPIV-3-infected patients, eight were haematopoietic stem cell recipients and one was a healthcare worker. In addition, four had upper and 12 had lower respiratory tract infections. Of the 19 patients, six (32%) were community-onset infections (symptom onset within <7 days of hospitalization) and 13 (68%) were hospital-onset infections (≥7 days of hospitalization). Phylogenetic analysis identified two major clusters: five patients, and three patients plus one healthcare worker. Therefore, seven (37%) were classified as nosocomial transmissions. hPIV-3 was detected in 21 (43%) of 49 environmental swabs up to 12 days after negative respiratory polymerase chain reaction conversion. Conclusion At least one-third of a peak season nosocomial hPIV-3 outbreak originated from nosocomial transmission, with multiple importations of hPIV-3 from the community, providing experimental evidence for extensive environmental hPIV-3 contamination. Direct contact with the contaminated surfaces and fomites or indirect transmission from infected healthcare workers could be responsible for nosocomial transmission.
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Shim G, Miao W, Ko S, Park GT, Kim JY, Kim MG, Kim YB, Oh YK. Immune-camouflaged graphene oxide nanosheets for negative regulation of phagocytosis by macrophages. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6666-6675. [PMID: 32264429 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00648a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is highly expressed in macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system and in tumor-associated macrophages, whereas tumor cells express the surface membrane protein, CD47, which interacts with SIRPα to negatively regulate phagocytosis. In this study, we modified the surfaces of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with a CD47-like SIRPα-binding peptide (SP). The presence of SP on GO nanosheets reduced the macrophage uptake to a greater extent than the PEGylation of such nanosheets. This reduced uptake was found to be mediated by the activation of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) and the downstream inhibition of myosin assembly, which is necessary for phagosome formation. Unlike SP-coated GO nanosheets, PEGylated GO nanosheets did not affect myosin assembly or phagocytosis. After in vivo systemic administration, the clearance of SP-coated GO nanosheets was slower than that of PEGylated GO nanosheets, and this difference increased with repeated administration. Finally, SP-coated GO nanosheets showed a higher distribution to tumor tissues than PEGylated GO nanosheets or a physical mixture of SP and GO nanosheets. Our findings indicate that immune-camouflaged GO nanosheets with natural CD47-like SIRPα-binding molecules can reduce the nonspecific loss of such nanosheets through macrophage uptake, thereby enhancing their blood circulation and tumor delivery after multiple injections.
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Hu S, Leblanc AF, Gibson AA, Hong KW, Kim JY, Janke LJ, Li L, Vasilyeva A, Finkelstein DB, Sprowl JA, Sweet DH, Schlatter E, Ciarimboli G, Schellens J, Baker SD, Pabla N, Sparreboom A. Identification of OAT1/OAT3 as Contributors to Cisplatin Toxicity. Clin Transl Sci 2017; 10:412-420. [PMID: 28689374 PMCID: PMC5593168 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is among the most widely used anticancer drugs and known to cause a dose‐limiting nephrotoxicity, which is partially dependent on the renal uptake carrier OCT2. We here report a previously unrecognized, OCT2‐independent pathway of cisplatin‐induced renal injury that is mediated by the organic anion transporters OAT1 and OAT3. Using transporter‐deficient mouse models, we found that this mechanism regulates renal uptake of a mercapturic acid metabolite of cisplatin that acts as a precursor of a potent nephrotoxin. The function of these two transport systems can be simultaneously inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib through noncompetitive mechanisms, without compromising the anticancer properties of cisplatin. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel pathway that explains the fundamental basis of cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity, with potential implications for its therapeutic management.
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Hyon SH, Kim DH, Cui W, Matsumura K, Kim JY, Tsutsumi S. Preservation of Rat Aortic Tissue Transplant with Green Tea Polyphenols. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:881-3. [PMID: 17299992 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols have recently attracted medical attention as bioactive agents with anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects. We discovered their new usage as preservative agents for tissue transplants. We preserved rat aortas in a DMEM solution containing polyphenols extracted from green tea leaves. The preserved aortas retained original structures and mechanical strength, and were devoid of any undesirable cell secretions for over a month under physiological conditions. In addition, aortas from Lewis rats preserved for a month and transplanted to allogenic ACI rats completely avoided rejection by the host, suggesting that the polyphenols have immunosuppressive actions on the aortic tissues. From these results, we conclude that polyphenol treatment of aortic tissue transplant can maintain its viability for extended periods of time either before or after transplantation, and the method can be applicable to other transplantation situations.
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Kim JY, Lee EJ, Seo J, Oh SH. Impact of high-mobility group box 1 on melanocytic survival and its involvement in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1558-1568. [PMID: 27787879 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is attributable to loss of functional melanocytes and is the most common acquired depigmenting disorder. Oxidative stress and intense ultraviolet irradiation are known to aggravate this condition. The nonhistone high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) DNA-binding protein is a physiological activator of immune responses, cellular proliferation and cell death. Although it is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cutaneous disorders, the precise role of HMGB1 in melanocytes has yet to be studied. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the effect of HMGB1 on melanocytic survival and its involvement in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. METHODS Melanocytes were treated with recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1). Thereafter, apoptosis-, autophagy- and melanogenesis-related molecules were detected. Ex vivo skin organ culture was performed after rHMGB1 treatment. Also, levels of HMGB1 were examined in blood and skin specimens from patients with vitiligo. RESULTS In this study, rHMGB1 increased expression of cleaved caspase 3 and decreased melanin production and expression of melanogenesis-related molecules. rHMGB1-induced caspase 3 activation was confirmed through preincubation with a pan-caspase inhibitor. In ex vivo experiments for the confirmation of HMGB1-induced melanocyte apoptosis, melanocyte disappearance and increased caspase 3 activation were observed in rHMGB1-treated skin tissues. In Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, patients with active vitiligo showed significantly higher blood levels of HMGB1 (vs. healthy controls). Also, greater expression of HMGB1 was observed in vitiliginous skin (vs. uninvolved skin). CONCLUSIONS External stimuli (e.g. oxidative stress and ultraviolet irradiation) may trigger HMGB1 release by keratinocytes, thereby perpetuating vitiligo through HMGB1-induced melanocytic apoptosis.
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