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Matsura T, Yamada K, Kawasaki T. Protective effects of coenzyme Q10and α-tocopherol against free radical-mediated liver cell injury. Redox Rep 2016; 1:343-7. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.1995.11747009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Tsukamoto D, Sakami S, Ito M, Yamada K, Yonehara T. Production of Bio-based 1,3-Butadiene by Highly Selective Dehydration of 2,3-Butanediol over SiO2-supported Cesium Dihydrogen Phosphate Catalyst. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Miura K, Sahara H, Waki S, Kawai A, Sekijima M, Kobayashi T, Zhang Z, Wakai T, Shimizu A, Yamada K. Development of the Intestinal Transplantation Model With Major Histocompatibility Complex Inbred CLAWN Miniature Swine. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:1315-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Harada K, Mine S, Yamada K, Shigaki H, Oya S, Baba H, Watanabe M. Long-term outcome of esophagectomy for primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: a single-institute retrospective analysis. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:314-9. [PMID: 25708974 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Because PMME is an extremely rare disease, therapeutic strategies against the tumor have yet to be established, and the efficacy of esophagectomy remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-esophagectomy survival of PMME patients. Ten patients who underwent esophagectomy for PMME between March 2005 and April 2013 at the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, were identified from the institutional database. We retrospectively retrieved clinical information and data on the long-term outcomes from the patients' records. Survival rates after esophagectomy were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the hazard ratios of mortality were determined using the Cox's model. A follow-up study of the 10 patients revealed 7 cancer recurrences and 5 deaths. Median survival time was 34.5 months, and 5 of 10 patients survived longer than 2 years. The 1-year disease-free survival rate was 40%, and the 1- and 3-year overall survival rates were 70% and 60%, respectively. Importantly, all three of the non-relapsing patients were histologically confirmed as free of lymph node involvement. The four patients with lymph node metastasis relapsed within 1 year. The disease-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with lymph node involvement than in those without lymph node involvement (univariate hazard ratio = 13.3, 95% confidence interval 1.85-266.4; P = 0.009). In conclusion, esophagectomy might benefit PMME patients with no lymph node metastasis. Further large-scale cohort studies are needed to establish the treatment strategy for PMME.
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Sahara H, Sekijima M, Iwanaga T, Ichinari Y, Shimizu A, Yamada K. MHC-Inbred CLAWN Miniature Swine as Preclinical Large Animal Model for Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yamada K, Yamamoto M, Horikawa M, Shinmoto H, Kaji T. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for duodenal varices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Prologo J, Gilliland C, Yamada K, Edalat F, Bittman R, Harkey P, Brewster L, Corn D. Percutaneous image-guided cryoablation for the treatment of phantom limb pain in amputees: a pilot study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Kameshima S, Yamada K, Morita T, Okada M, Yamawaki H. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor augments acetylcholine-induced relaxation via the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase activity in rat isolated mesenteric artery. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 216:203-10. [PMID: 26264600 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipocytokine with insulin-sensitizing activity originally identified in visceral adipose tissues of obesity-related type II diabetic rats. We previously showed that vaspin inhibits vascular cell migration and apoptosis as well as inflammatory responses, which are crucial for the development of hypertension. However, little is known about the effects of vaspin on vascular reactivity. The aim of this study was thus to explore the effects of vaspin on contraction and relaxation of isolated blood vessel. METHODS After mesenteric arteries were isolated from male Wistar rats, the effects of pretreatment with vaspin (3 ng mL(-1) , 30 min) on concentration-contraction and concentration-relaxation relationships for each agent were examined. The effects of vaspin on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and ACh esterase (AChE) activity were also examined using Western blotting and colorimetric method respectively. RESULTS Vaspin did not affect noradrenaline- or 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contraction. In contrast, vaspin augmented ACh- but not histamine-, A23187- or carbachol-induced NO-mediated relaxation. Vaspin significantly increased ACh-induced eNOS phosphorylation and inhibited AChE activity. CONCLUSION We for the first time demonstrate that vaspin augments the ACh-induced NO-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation via the inhibition of AChE activity.
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Azuma M, Hirai T, Yamada K, Yamashita S, Ando Y, Tateishi M, Iryo Y, Yoneda T, Kitajima M, Wang Y, Yamashita Y. Lateral Asymmetry and Spatial Difference of Iron Deposition in the Substantia Nigra of Patients with Parkinson Disease Measured with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:782-8. [PMID: 26822728 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Quantitative susceptibility mapping is useful for assessing iron deposition in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson disease. We aimed to determine whether quantitative susceptibility mapping is useful for assessing the lateral asymmetry and spatial difference in iron deposits in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study population comprised 24 patients with Parkinson disease and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. They underwent 3T MR imaging by using a 3D multiecho gradient-echo sequence. On reconstructed quantitative susceptibility mapping, we measured the susceptibility values in the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the substantia nigra, the whole substantia nigra, and other deep gray matter structures in both hemibrains. To identify the more and less affected hemibrains in patients with Parkinson disease, we assessed the severity of movement symptoms for each hemibrain by using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. RESULTS In the posterior substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson disease, the mean susceptibility value was significantly higher in the more than the less affected hemibrain substantia nigra (P < .05). This value was significantly higher in both the more and less affected hemibrains of patients with Parkinson disease than in controls (P < .05). Asymmetry of the mean susceptibility values was significantly greater for patients than controls (P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that quantitative susceptibility mapping of the posterior substantia nigra in the more affected hemibrain provided the highest power for discriminating patients with Parkinson disease from the controls. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative susceptibility mapping is useful for assessing the lateral asymmetry and spatial difference of iron deposition in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson disease.
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Villani V, Yamada K, Scalea JR, Gillon BC, Arn JS, Sekijima M, Tasaki M, Cormack TA, Moran SG, Torabi R, Shimizu A, Sachs DH. Adoptive Transfer of Renal Allograft Tolerance in a Large Animal Model. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:317-24. [PMID: 26260215 PMCID: PMC4718904 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Our recent studies in an inbred swine model demonstrated that both peripheral and intra-graft regulatory cells were required for the adoptive transfer of tolerance to a second, naïve donor-matched kidney. Here, we have asked whether both peripheral and intra-graft regulatory elements are required for adoptive transfer of tolerance when only a long-term tolerant (LTT) kidney is transplanted. Nine highly-inbred swine underwent a tolerance-inducing regimen to prepare LTT kidney grafts which were then transplanted to histocompatible recipients, with or without the peripheral cell populations required for adoptive transfer of tolerance to a naïve kidney. In contrast to our previous studies, tolerance of the LTT kidney transplants alone was achieved without transfer of additional peripheral cells and without strategies to increase the number/potency of regulatory T cells in the donor. This tolerance was systemic, since most subsequent, donor-matched challenge kidney grafts were accepted. These results confirm the presence of a potent tolerance-inducing and/or tolerance-maintaining cell population within LTT renal allografts. They suggest further that additional peripheral tolerance mechanisms, required for adoptive transfer of tolerance to a naïve donor-matched kidney, depend on peripheral cells that, if not transferred with the LTT kidney, require time to develop in the adoptive host.
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Hosonaga M, Sato E, Yamada K, Kaise H, Kimura F, Kawai Y, Ueda A, Teraoka S, Okazaki M, Ishikawa T. 69P Intratumoral heterogeneity of HER2 expression is associated with malignant biological behavior. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv519.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Matsuo N, Tokito T, Azuma K, Ishii H, Yamada K, Hoshino T. 427PD Prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression combined with CD8+ TIL density in stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv532.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yamada K, Kaise H, Hosonaga M, Kimura F, Kawai Y, Ueda A, Teraoka S, Okazaki M, Ishikawa T. 402P Efficacy of duloxetine for paclitaxel-induced and pregabalin-resistant peripheral neuropathy in Japanese breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv531.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shioyama Y, Nagata Y, Komiyama T, Takayama K, Shibamoto Y, Ueki N, Yamada K, Kozuka T, Kimura T, Matsuo Y. Multi-institutional Retrospective Study of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Stage I Small Cell Lung Cancer: Japan Radiation Oncology Study Group (JROSG). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ishihara T, Yamada K, Harada A, Isogai K, Miyawaki D, Yoshida K, Ejima Y, Sasaki R. Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy Compared With Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases From Lung Cancer: Experience at a Single-Institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Imai H, Kamei H, Onishi Y, Yamada K, Ishizu Y, Ishigami M, Goto H, Ogura Y. Successful Living-Donor Liver Transplantation for Cholestatic Liver Failure Induced by Allopurinol: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2778-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kaede K, Kato T, Yamaguchi M, Nakamura N, Yamada K, Masuda Y. Effects of lip-closing training on maximum voluntary lip-closing force during lip pursing in healthy young adults. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 43:169-75. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ohno H, Nishimura N, Yamada K, Shimizu Y, Nishimura R, Iwase S, Sugenoya J, Sato M. Water nanodroplets emitted from an air conditioner increased skin moisture levels at the lateral canthus in winter by forming a lipid film with sebum. Skin Res Technol 2015; 22:388-90. [PMID: 26343808 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Koh S, Yamada K, Nishimoto M, Hayashi Y, Koh H, Nakashima Y, Nakane T, Hirose A, Nakamae M, Kakeya H, Hino M, Nakamae H. Effectiveness of antibacterial prophylaxis with non-absorbable polymyxin B compared to levofloxacin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2015; 17:647-54. [PMID: 26134140 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolones are widely used for antibacterial prophylaxis during neutropenia following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Nevertheless, data are inadequate as to whether fluoroquinolones decrease mortality rate compared with other antibiotics. METHODS We retrospectively compared the efficacy of antibacterial prophylaxis using non-absorbable polymyxin B (PB) (n = 106) or systemic levofloxacin (LVFX) (n = 140) after allogeneic SCT at our institute between 2004 and 2013. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in the cumulative incidences of failure of prophylaxis (P = 0.21), clinically documented infections (P = 0.70), or non-relapse mortality within the first 100 days after transplantation (P = 0.42). With bacteremia, the rate of resistance to LVFX was 82% in the PB group and 100% in the LVFX group (P = 0.41). Also, no significant difference was found in overall survival between the 2 groups (P = 0.78). CONCLUSION Our results indicate no difference in the effectiveness of antibacterial prophylaxis between systemic antibiotic LVFX and non-absorbable antibiotic PB.
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Sugiyama E, Matsumoto S, Yoh K, Ohe Y, Seto T, Murakami H, Iwama E, Sugawara S, Yamada K, Takeda K, Hosomi Y, Saeki S, Yokoyama T, Nishio M, Satouchi M, Tsuta K, Kohno T, Ishii G, Tsuchihara K, Goto K. 3043 Clinicopathological features of patients with ROS1-rearranged advanced non-small cell lung cancer: LC-SCRUM-Japan. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(15)30060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Miyatani F, Kuriyama N, Watanabe I, Nomura R, Nakano K, Matsui D, Ozaki E, Koyama T, Nishigaki M, Yamamoto T, Mizuno T, Tamura A, Akazawa K, Takada A, Takeda K, Yamada K, Nakagawa M, Ihara M, Kanamura N, Friedland RP, Watanabe Y. Relationship between Cnm-positive Streptococcus mutans and cerebral microbleeds in humans. Oral Dis 2015. [PMID: 26205098 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral hemorrhage has been shown to occur in animals experimentally infected with Streptococcus mutans carrying the collagen-binding Cnm gene. However, the relationship between cerebral microbleeds and oral hygiene, with a focus on Cnm gene-positive S. mutans infection, remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and thirty-nine subjects participated. The presence or absence of Cnm-positive S. mutans and its collagen-binding activity were investigated using saliva samples, and relationship with cerebral microbleeds detected on MRI investigated, including clinical information and oral parameters. RESULTS Fifty-one subjects were identified as Cnm-positive S. mutans carriers (36.7%), with cerebral microbleeds being detected in 43 (30.9%). A significantly larger number of subjects carried Cnm-positive S. mutans in the cerebral microbleeds (+) group. S. mutans with Cnm collagen-binding ability was detected in 39 (28.1%) of all subjects, and the adjusted odds ratio for cerebral microbleeds in the Cnm-positive group was 14.4. Regarding the presence of cerebral microbleeds, no significant differences were noted in the number of remaining teeth, dental caries, or in classic arteriosclerosis risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of cerebral microbleeds was higher in subjects carrying Cnm-positive S. mutans, indicating that the presence of Cnm-positive S. mutans increases cerebral microbleeds, and is an independent risk for the development of cerebrovascular disorders.
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Hijikata Y, Okazaki T, Yamada K, Tani K, Murahashi M, Ogata H. 509 A phase I clinical trial of RNF43 peptide-specific immune cell therapy combined with low dose cyclophosphamide for patients with advanced solid tumors. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aguilar-Arevalo A, Aoki M, Blecher M, Britton DI, Bryman DA, Vom Bruch D, Chen S, Comfort J, Ding M, Doria L, Cuen-Rochin S, Gumplinger P, Hussein A, Igarashi Y, Ito S, Kettell SH, Kurchaninov L, Littenberg LS, Malbrunot C, Mischke RE, Numao T, Protopopescu D, Sher A, Sullivan T, Vavilov D, Yamada K. Improved Measurement of the π→eν Branching Ratio. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:071801. [PMID: 26317713 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new measurement of the branching ratio R_{e/μ}=Γ(π^{+}→e^{+}ν+π^{+}→e^{+}νγ)/Γ(π^{+}→μ^{+}ν+π^{+}→μ^{+}νγ) resulted in R_{e/μ}^{exp}=[1.2344±0.0023(stat)±0.0019(syst)]×10^{-4}. This is in agreement with the standard model prediction and improves the test of electron-muon universality to the level of 0.1%.
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Nakamura Y, Terahara M, Iwamoto T, Yamada K, Asano M, Kakuta S, Iwakura Y, Totsuka M. Upregulation of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Expression by the Heat-Inactivated Potential Probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum OLB6378 in a Mouse Intestinal Explant Model. Scand J Immunol 2015; 75:176-83. [PMID: 21967771 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We determined whether a potential probiotic bacterium, Bifidobacterium bifidum OLB6378 (BB6378), exerts beneficial effects on the mucosal immune system in a mouse intestinal explant model. The addition of heat-inactivated BB6378 to intestinal explants prepared from embryonic day 18 BALB/c mice increased the expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) mRNA by two- to fivefold. These effects were observed on ileal and colonic explants but not on jejunal explants, suggesting that the BB6378-induced pIgR upregulation is site-specific within the mouse intestine. The upregulation of pIgR protein expression in colonic explants was also detected after 24 h of culture. The results of DNA microarray analysis of ileal and colonic samples indicated that BB6378 increased the gene expression of interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β, and IL-1α content in colonic explants was significantly increased after 20 h of culture with BB6378. We then examined the involvement of endogenously induced IL-1α in pIgR mRNA upregulation by using IL-1α knockout (KO) mice. Contrary to our expectations, pIgR mRNA expression was equally upregulated by BB6378 in colonic explants from BALB/c and IL-1α KO mice. Conversely, we examined the involvement of Toll-like receptors in pIgR mRNA upregulation by using MyD88 KO mice. The upregulation of pIgR was completely suppressed in the explants derived from MyD88 KO mice. Taken together, we conclude that in a mouse intestinal explant model, the heat-inactivated potential probiotic BB6378 increases intestinal pIgR expression in a site-specific manner and that the upregulation of pIgR could be explained by a direct microbial effect on the epithelium via Toll-like receptors.
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Nguyen LM, Kuroyanagi R, Tsuchizawa T, Ishikawa Y, Yamada K, Wada K. Stress tuning of the fundamental absorption edge of pure germanium waveguides. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18487-18492. [PMID: 26191906 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional stress dependence on the fundamental absorption edge of pure germanium (Ge) waveguide has theoretically and experimentally been studied, considering built-in two-dimensional stress-tensile Ge grown on Si. Based on the results, we have designed Ge Franz-Keldysh (FK) electroabsorption (EA) modulators to work at 1550 nm. Application of one-dimensional [110] compressive stress above -350 MPa on a pure Ge [-110] waveguide should allow 1550 nm light transmission, unless otherwise a pure Ge modulator can only operate at 1600 nm or longer due to the built-in two-dimensional tensile stress in Ge. The prediction has experimentally been verified using a SiNx stressor film. This concludes that the presented stress-tuning approach of the pure Ge waveguides should expand the operation wavelength of Ge FK-EA modulators to C band. Since stress tuning can be locally done in the back-end-of-line of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, the presented stress-tuning method should enable "field-programable" control of the operation wavelengths of the monolithically integrated Ge modulators in Si photonics platform.
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Emoto MC, Yamato M, Sato-Akaba H, Yamada K, Matsuoka Y, Fujii HG. Brain imaging in methamphetamine-treated mice using a nitroxide contrast agent for EPR imaging of the redox status and a gadolinium contrast agent for MRI observation of blood-brain barrier function. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:1038-47. [PMID: 25968953 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced oxidative stress. The aims of the present study conducted in the mouse brain repetitively treated with METH were to (1) examine the redox status using the redox-sensitive imaging probe 3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (MCP) and (2) non-invasively visualize the brain redox status with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging. The rate of reduction of MCP was measured from a series of temporal EPR images of mouse heads, and this rate was used to construct a two-dimensional map of rate constants called a "redox map." The obtained redox map clearly illustrated the change in redox balance in the METH-treated mouse brain that is a known result of oxidative damage. Biochemical assays also showed that the level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, an index of lipid peroxidation, was increased in mouse brains by METH. The enhanced reduction in MCP observed in mouse brains was remarkably suppressed by treatment with the dopamine synthase inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine, suggesting that enhancement of the reduction reaction of MCP resulted from enzymatic reduction in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Furthermore, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of METH-treated mice using a blood-brain barrier (BBB)-impermeable paramagnetic contrast agent revealed BBB dysfunction after treatment with METH for 7 days. MRI also indicated that the impaired BBB recovered after withdrawal of METH. EPR imaging and MRI are useful tools not only for following changes in the redox status and BBB dysfunction in mouse brains repeatedly administered METH, but also for tracing the drug effect after withdrawal of METH.
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Ikeda K, Ueda C, Yamada K, Nakamura A, Hatsuda Y, Kawanishi S, Nishii S, Ogawa M. Carrier-mediated placental transport of cimetidine and valproic acid across differentiating JEG-3 cell layers. DIE PHARMAZIE 2015; 70:471-476. [PMID: 26373208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human choriocarcinoma has been used as a model to study trophoblast transcellular drug transport in the placenta. Previous models had limitations regarding low molecular weight drug transport through the intracellular gap junction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate placental carrier-mediated transport across a differentiating JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell (DJEGs) layer model in which the intracellular gap junction was restricted. Cimetidine is the substrate of an efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). BCRP highly expressed in the placenta, and its function in the DJEGs model was investigated. In addition, the placental drug transport of another efflux transporter, multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs), and an influx transporter, monocarboxylate transporter (MCT), were examined with various substrates. Cimetidine permeated from the fetal side to the maternal side at significantly high levels and saturated in a dose-dependent manner. The permeability coefficient of a MRP substrate, fluorescein, across the DJEGs model was significantly increased by inhibiting MRP function with probenecid. On the other hand, permeation in the influx direction to the fetal side with a substrate of MCT, valproic acid, had a gentle dose-dependent saturation. These findings suggest that the DJEGs model could be used to evaluate transcellular placental drug transport mediated by major placental transporters.
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Mizushima I, Yamamoto M, Inoue D, Yamada K, Ubara Y, Matsui S, Nakashima H, Nishi S, Kawano M. SAT0529 Impact of Pre-Treatment Renal Insufficiency on Renal Cortical Atrophy After Corticosteroid Therapy in IgG4-Related Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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130
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Hara S, Nuka H, Horita S, Zoshima T, Ito K, Aizu M, Fujii H, Yamada K, Kawano M. AB1171 Clinical Significance of Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in IGG4-Related Disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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131
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Madariaga ML, Michel SG, La Muraglia GM, Sekijima M, Villani V, Leonard DA, Powell HJ, Kurtz JM, Farkash EA, Colvin RB, Allan JS, Cetrulo CL, Huang CA, Sachs DH, Yamada K, Madsen JC. Kidney-induced cardiac allograft tolerance in miniature swine is dependent on MHC-matching of donor cardiac and renal parenchyma. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:1580-90. [PMID: 25824550 PMCID: PMC4565499 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Kidney allografts possess the ability to enable a short course of immunosuppression to induce tolerance of themselves and of cardiac allografts across a full-MHC barrier in miniature swine. However, the renal element(s) responsible for kidney-induced cardiac allograft tolerance (KICAT) are unknown. Here we investigated whether MHC disparities between parenchyma versus hematopoietic-derived "passenger" cells of the heart and kidney allografts affected KICAT. Heart and kidney allografts were co-transplanted into MHC-mismatched recipients treated with high-dose tacrolimus for 12 days. Group 1 animals (n = 3) received kidney and heart allografts fully MHC-mismatched to each other and to the recipient. Group 2 animals (n = 3) received kidney and heart allografts MHC-matched to each other but MHC-mismatched to the recipient. Group 3 animals (n = 3) received chimeric kidney allografts whose parenchyma was MHC-mismatched to the donor heart. Group 4 animals (n = 3) received chimeric kidney allografts whose passenger leukocytes were MHC-mismatched to the donor heart. Five of six heart allografts in Groups 1 and 3 rejected <40 days. In contrast, heart allografts in Groups 2 and 4 survived >150 days without rejection (p < 0.05). These data demonstrate that KICAT requires MHC-matching between kidney allograft parenchyma and heart allografts, suggesting that cells intrinsic to the kidney enable cardiac allograft tolerance.
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132
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Zoshima T, Mizushima I, Yamada K, Kawano M. AB0666 Clinical Significance of Hypocomplementemia in Japanese Patients with Rheumatoid Vasculitis in the Era of Biologic Therapy. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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133
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Nakashima A, Zoshima T, Fujii H, Yamada K, Mizushima I, Tsuge S, Kawano M. FRI0030 Wrist Joint Destruction Induces Bone Loss and Laterality of Cortical Bone from the Metacarpal Diaphysis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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134
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Yamada K, Yamamoto M, Saeki T, Mizushima I, Takahashi H, Kawano M, Kawa S. SAT0526 Clinical and Laboratory Features of IgG4-Related Disease: Retrospective Japanese Multicenter Study of 328 Cases. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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135
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Matsushita I, Motomura H, Taki H, Yamada K, Murayama T, Nakazaki S, Takagi H, Katsuki Y, Kimura T. AB1057 Analysis of the Correlation Between Modified Total Sharp Score and Arashi Score of Large Joint Damage in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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136
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Yoshida J, Ishii G, Hishida T, Aokage K, Tsuboi M, Ito H, Yokose T, Nakayama H, Yamada K, Nagai K. Limited resection trial for pulmonary ground-glass opacity nodules: case selection based on high-resolution computed tomography--interim results. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015; 45:677-81. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyv057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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137
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Kohmura E, Arita N, Yoshimine T, Abekura M, Yamada K, Hayakawa T. Surgical Strategies for Tumors Around the Jugular Foramen. Skull Base Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1159/000430024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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138
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Ushio Y, Arita N, Hayakawa T, Yamada K, Koh S, Nagatani M, Yoshimine T, Mogami H. Leptomeningeal dissemination of primary brain tumors in children: clinical and experimental studies. PROGRESS IN EXPERIMENTAL TUMOR RESEARCH 2015; 30:194-205. [PMID: 3628806 DOI: 10.1159/000413677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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139
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Oguri H, Wada M, Niimi N, Toyama J, Yamada K. An experimental study of the WPW syndrome-relationship between body surface maps and the preexcitation area of the epicardium. Adv Cardiol 2015; 21:31-5. [PMID: 619559 DOI: 10.1159/000400416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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140
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Wada M, Sugiyama S, Niimi N, Toyoshima H, Sogenoya J, Oguri H, Toyama J, Yamada K. Relationship between body surface isopotential map of myocardial infarction and coronary angiographic fingings. Adv Cardiol 2015; 21:96-101. [PMID: 619578 DOI: 10.1159/000400430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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141
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Yamada K, Shirahata A, Inagaki M, Miyaji Y, Mori N, Horiuchi I. Therapy for DIC in newborn infants. BIBLIOTHECA HAEMATOLOGICA 2015:329-41. [PMID: 6667253 DOI: 10.1159/000408473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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142
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Yamada K, Kimura K. Cyclocytidine study in the treatment of acute leukemia. BIBLIOTHECA HAEMATOLOGICA 2015:753-4. [PMID: 1057949 DOI: 10.1159/000397598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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143
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Toyama J, Niimi N, Ishikawa T, Wada M, Oguri H, Okajima M, Yamada K. Computational reconstruction of body surfact isopotential maps in myocardial infarction: comparison between nontransmural and transmural infarction. Adv Cardiol 2015; 21:77-81. [PMID: 619574 DOI: 10.1159/000400427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the lack of electromotive force in myocardial infarction and body surface potential distribution was investigated on maps reconstructed from a simulated heart model and transfer impedance vectors of human torso model. The heart model, a cluster of 3-mm cubic blocks, was stored in the memory of a computer. Transfer impedance vectors between 81 lead points on the human torso model and 392 positions covering ventricular areas in the torso were measure. Body surface potential values were calculated mathematically by summing up scalar products between the electromotive force of the heart model and the measured transfer impedance vectors. Thus, reconstructed maps changed in their patterns with the alternation in lacation and/or extent of infarcted region in the heart model. In particular, the appearance of the abnormal potential minimum, which projects the infarcted region in the heart model onto the torso surface, was characteristic in both transmural and subendocardial infarction. In addition, delayed activation in the intact layer of the epicardium overlying the infarcted region produced a potential maximum on the same place as the abnormal potential minimum appeared previously.
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144
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Shirahata A, Nakamura T, Yamada K. Diagnosis of DIC in newborn infants. BIBLIOTHECA HAEMATOLOGICA 2015:277-89. [PMID: 6421273 DOI: 10.1159/000408468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs most frequently during the newborn period. Some clinical and laboratory criteria are available for the diagnosis of DIC in adults. However, they are not necessarily applicable in the diagnosis of DIC in newborn infants since the physiological state of coagulation during the newborn period differs from that in adults. We therefore reviewed 74 cases of DIC in newborns, including 34 cases at our own newborn care units. Criteria for the diagnosis of DIC in newborn infants were established.
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145
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Tasaki M, Wamala I, Tena A, Villani V, Sekijima M, Pathiraja V, Wilkinson RA, Pratts S, Cormack T, Clayman E, Arn JS, Shimizu A, Fishman JA, Sachs DH, Yamada K. High incidence of xenogenic bone marrow engraftment in pig-to-baboon intra-bone bone marrow transplantation. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:974-83. [PMID: 25676635 PMCID: PMC4407988 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous attempts of α-1,3-galactocyltransferase knockout (GalTKO) pig bone marrow (BM) transplantation (Tx) into baboons have demonstrated a loss of macro-chimerism within 24 h in most cases. In order to achieve improved engraftment with persistence of peripheral chimerism, we have developed a new strategy of intra-bone BM (IBBM) Tx. Six baboons received GalTKO BM cells, with one-half of the cells transplanted into the bilateral tibiae directly and the remaining cells injected intravenously (IBBM/BM-Tx) with a conditioning immunosuppressive regimen. In order to assess immune responses induced by the combined IBBM/BM-Tx, three recipients received donor SLA-matched GalTKO kidneys in the peri-operative period of IBBM/BM-Tx (Group 1), and the others received kidneys 2 months after IBBM/BM-Tx (Group 2). Peripheral macro-chimerism was continuously detectable for up to 13 days (mean 7.7 days; range 3-13) post-IBBM/BM-Tx and in three animals, macro-chimerism reappeared at days 10, 14 and 21. Pig CFUs, indicating porcine progenitor cell engraftment, were detected in the host BM in four of six recipients on days 14, 15, 19 and 28. In addition, anti-pig unresponsiveness was observed by in vitro assays. GalTKO/pCMV-kidneys survived for extended periods (47 and 60 days). This strategy may provide a potent adjunct for inducing xenogeneic tolerance through BM-Tx.
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146
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Michel S, Madariaga M, LaMuraglia G, Villani V, Sekijima M, Farkash E, Colvin R, Allan J, Yamada K, Sachs D, Madsen J. The Effects of Kidney Graftectomy on the Tolerance Induced By Heart-Kidney Cotransplantation in Miniature Swine Depends on the MHC Barrier Crossed. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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147
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Sahara H, Sekijima M, Waki S, Ichinari Y, Shimizu A, Yamada K. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Prevents Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) and Prolongs Survival of the Fully MHC-Disparate Lung Graft in CLAWN Miniature Swine. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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148
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Le BBS, Tillou X, Branchereau J, Dilek N, Poirier N, Châtelais M, Charreau B, Minault D, Hervouet J, Renaudin K, Crossan C, Scobie L, Takeuchi Y, Diswall M, Breimer M, Klar N, Daha M, Simioni P, Robson S, Nottle M, Salvaris E, Cowan P, d’Apice A, Sachs D, Yamada K, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Perota A, Lazzari G, Galli C, Cozzi E, Soulillou JP, B. V, Blancho G. Bortezomib, C1-inhibitor and plasma exchange do not prolong the survival of multi-transgenic GalT-KO pig kidney xenografts in baboons. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:358-70. [PMID: 25612490 PMCID: PMC4306235 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Galactosyl-transferase KO (GalT-KO) pigs represent a potential solution to xenograft rejection, particularly in the context of additional genetic modifications. We have performed life supporting kidney xenotransplantation into baboons utilizing GalT-KO pigs transgenic for human CD55/CD59/CD39/HT. Baboons received tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, corticosteroids and recombinant human C1 inhibitor combined with cyclophosphamide or bortezomib with or without 2-3 plasma exchanges. One baboon received a control GalT-KO xenograft with the latter immunosuppression. All immunosuppressed baboons rejected the xenografts between days 9 and 15 with signs of acute humoral rejection, in contrast to untreated controls (n = 2) that lost their grafts on days 3 and 4. Immunofluorescence analyses showed deposition of IgM, C3, C5b-9 in rejected grafts, without C4d staining, indicating classical complement pathway blockade but alternate pathway activation. Moreover, rejected organs exhibited predominantly monocyte/macrophage infiltration with minimal lymphocyte representation. None of the recipients showed any signs of porcine endogenous retrovirus transmission but some showed evidence of porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) replication within the xenografts. Our work indicates that the addition of bortezomib and plasma exchange to the immunosuppressive regimen did not significantly prolong the survival of multi-transgenic GalT-KO renal xenografts. Non-Gal antibodies, the alternative complement pathway, innate mechanisms with monocyte activation and PCMV replication may have contributed to rejection.
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149
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Horikawa M, Yamamoto M, Yamada K, Kaufman J. BRTO for gastric varices—advanced techniques and ideas how to overcome anatomical challenges and absence of required devices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2014.12.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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150
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Takahashi Y, Sheridan P, Niida A, Sawada G, Uchi R, Mizuno H, Kurashige J, Sugimachi K, Sasaki S, Shimada Y, Hase K, Kusunoki M, Kudo S, Watanabe M, Yamada K, Sugihara K, Yamamoto H, Suzuki A, Doki Y, Miyano S, Mori M, Mimori K. The AURKA/TPX2 axis drives colon tumorigenesis cooperatively with MYC. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:935-942. [PMID: 25632068 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MYC oncogene has long been established as a central driver in many types of human cancers including colorectal cancer. However, the realization of MYC-targeting therapies remains elusive; as a result, synthetic lethal therapeutic approaches are alternatively being explored. A synthetic lethal therapeutic approach aims to kill MYC-driven tumors by targeting a certain co-regulator on the MYC pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed copy number and expression profiles from 130 colorectal cancer tumors together with publicly available datasets to identify co-regulators on the MYC pathway. Candidates were functionally tested by in vitro assays using colorectal cancer and normal fibroblast cell lines. Additionally, survival analyses were carried out on another 159 colorectal cancer patients and public datasets. RESULTS Our in silico screening identified two MYC co-regulator candidates, AURKA and TPX2, which are interacting mitotic regulators located on chromosome 20q. We found the two candidates showed frequent co-amplification with the MYC locus while expression levels of MYC and the two genes were positively correlated with those of MYC downstream target genes across multiple cancer types. In vitro, the aberrant expression of MYC, AURKA and TPX2 resulted in more aggressive anchorage-independent growth in normal fibroblast cells. Furthermore, knockdown of AURKA or TPX2, or treatment with an AURKA-specific inhibitor effectively suppressed the proliferation of MYC-expressing colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, combined high expression of MYC, AURKA and TPX2 proved to be a poor prognostic indicator of colorectal cancer patient survival. CONCLUSIONS Through bioinformatic analyses and experiments, we proposed TPX2 and AURKA as novel co-regulators on the MYC pathway. Inhibiting the AURKA/TPX2 axis would be a novel synthetic lethal therapeutic approach for MYC-driven cancers.
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