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Süss D, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Wagener K, Krieger S, Thiel A, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Measurement of β-hydroxybutyrate in capillary blood obtained from an ear to detect hyperketonemia in dairy cows by using an electronic handheld device. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:7362-7369. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Meyer L, Ulrich M, Ducloux D, Garrigue V, Vigneau C, Boffa J, Clabault K, Mousson C, Nochy D, Vrigneaud L, François H, Valleix S. Caractéristiques génétiques, phénotypiques et évolutives de l’amylose à fibrinogène : une série française. Nephrol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2016.07.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Velter A, Sauvage C, Meyer L, Bajos N. Première pénétration anale et usage du préservatif chez les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes : évolution des constructions sociales de l’homosexualité et des normes préventives. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2016.06.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Bartens MC, Drillich M, Rychli K, Iwersen M, Arnholdt T, Meyer L, Klein-Jöbstl D. Assessment of different methods to estimate bovine colostrum quality on farm. N Z Vet J 2016; 64:263-7. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2016.1184109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mair B, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Kanz P, Borchardt S, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Glucose concentration in capillary blood of dairy cows obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique and determined with three different hand-held devices. BMC Vet Res 2016. [PMID: 26911673 DOI: 10.1186/s12917–016–0662–3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy cows have a massive demand for glucose at the onset of lactation. A poor adaption to this period leads to an excessive negative energy balance with an increased risk for ketosis and impaired animal health and production. Besides the measurement of ketones, analysing the glucose concentration in blood is reported as helpful instrument for diagnosis and differentiation of ketosis. Monitoring metabolic parameters requires multiple blood sampling. In other species, new blood sampling techniques have been introduced in which small amounts of blood are rapidly analysed using electronic hand-held devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of capillary blood for blood glucose measurement in dairy cows using the hand-held devices FreeStyle Precision (FSP, Abbott), GlucoMen LX Plus (GLX, A. Menarini) and the WellionVet GLUCO CALEA, (WGC, MED TRUST). In total, 240 capillary blood samples were obtained from dry and fresh lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. Blood was collected from the skin of the exterior vulva by using a lancet. For method comparison, additional blood samples were taken from a coccygeal vessel and analyzed in a laboratory. Glucose concentrations measured by a standard laboratory method were defined as the criterion standard. RESULTS The Pearson correlation coefficients between the glucose concentrations analyzed in capillary blood with the devices and the reference were 73% for the FSP, 81% for the GLX and 41% for the WGC. Bland-Altman plots showed biases of -18.8 mg/dL for the FSP, -11.2 mg/dL for the GLX and +20.82 mg/dL for the WGC. The optimized threshold determined by a Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis to detect hyperglycemia using the FSP was 43 mg/dL with a sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of 76 and 80%. Using the GLX and WGC optimized thresholds were 49 mg/dL (Se = 92%, Sp = 85%) and 95 mg/dL (Se = 39%, Sp = 92%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate good performance characteristics for the GLX and moderate for the FSP to detect hyperglycemia in dairy cows using capillary blood. With the study settings, the WGC was not suitable for determination of glucose concentrations.
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Mair B, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Kanz P, Borchardt S, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Glucose concentration in capillary blood of dairy cows obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique and determined with three different hand-held devices. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:34. [PMID: 26911673 PMCID: PMC4765023 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dairy cows have a massive demand for glucose at the onset of lactation. A poor adaption to this period leads to an excessive negative energy balance with an increased risk for ketosis and impaired animal health and production. Besides the measurement of ketones, analysing the glucose concentration in blood is reported as helpful instrument for diagnosis and differentiation of ketosis. Monitoring metabolic parameters requires multiple blood sampling. In other species, new blood sampling techniques have been introduced in which small amounts of blood are rapidly analysed using electronic hand-held devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of capillary blood for blood glucose measurement in dairy cows using the hand-held devices FreeStyle Precision (FSP, Abbott), GlucoMen LX Plus (GLX, A. Menarini) and the WellionVet GLUCO CALEA, (WGC, MED TRUST). In total, 240 capillary blood samples were obtained from dry and fresh lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. Blood was collected from the skin of the exterior vulva by using a lancet. For method comparison, additional blood samples were taken from a coccygeal vessel and analyzed in a laboratory. Glucose concentrations measured by a standard laboratory method were defined as the criterion standard. Results The Pearson correlation coefficients between the glucose concentrations analyzed in capillary blood with the devices and the reference were 73 % for the FSP, 81 % for the GLX and 41 % for the WGC. Bland-Altman plots showed biases of −18.8 mg/dL for the FSP, -11.2 mg/dL for the GLX and +20.82 mg/dL for the WGC. The optimized threshold determined by a Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis to detect hyperglycemia using the FSP was 43 mg/dL with a sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of 76 and 80 %. Using the GLX and WGC optimized thresholds were 49 mg/dL (Se = 92 %, Sp = 85 %) and 95 mg/dL (Se = 39 %, Sp = 92 %). Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate good performance characteristics for the GLX and moderate for the FSP to detect hyperglycemia in dairy cows using capillary blood. With the study settings, the WGC was not suitable for determination of glucose concentrations.
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Kanz P, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Mair B, Borchardt S, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Suitability of capillary blood obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique to detect subclinical ketosis in dairy cows by using 3 different electronic hand-held devices. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:6108-18. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kanz P, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Mair B, Borchardt S, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Suitability of capillary blood obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique to detect subclinical ketosis in dairy cows by using 3 different electronic hand-held devices. J Dairy Sci 2015. [PMID: 26142854 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014–8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of capillary blood obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique to detect subclinical ketosis in 49 prepartum and 191 postpartum Holstein-Friesian cows using 3 different electronic hand-held devices [FreeStyle Precision (FSP, Abbott), GlucoMen LX Plus (GLX, A. Menarini), NovaVet (NOV, Nova Biomedical)]. The β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration in serum harvested from coccygeal blood samples was analyzed in a laboratory and used as a reference value. Capillary samples were obtained from the skin of the exterior vulva by using 1 of 3 different lancets. In all samples, the concentration of BHBA was immediately analyzed with all 3 hand-held devices used in random order. All lancets used in the study were eligible for capillary blood collection but differed in the total number of incisions needed. Spearman correlation coefficients between the BHBA concentrations in capillary blood and the reference test were highly significant with 83% for the FSP, 73% for the NOV, and 63% for the GLX. Using capillary blood, the FSP overestimated the mean BHBA concentration compared with the reference test (+0.08 mmol/L), whereas the GLX and NOV underestimated the mean concentration (-0.07 and -0.01 mmol/L). When a BHBA concentration of 1.2 mmol/L in serum was used to define subclinical ketosis, the corresponding analyses of receiver operating characteristics resulted in optimized thresholds for capillary blood of 1.1 mmol/L for the NOV and GLX devices, and of 1.0 mmol/L for the FSP. Based on these thresholds, sensitivities (Se) and specificities (Sp) were 89 and 84% for the NOV, 80 and 89% for the GLX, and 100 and 76% for the FSP. Based on a serum BHBA concentration of 1.4 mmol/L, analyses of receiver operating characteristics resulted in optimized cut-offs of 1.4 mmol/L for the FSP (Se 100%, Sp 92%), 1.3 mmol/L for the NOV (Se 80%, Sp 95%), and 1.1 mmol/L (Se 90%, Sp 85%) for the GLX. Using these optimized thresholds for the specific hand-held meters, no significant differences between the devices in Se and Sp to detect subclinical ketosis in coccygeal blood were observed. Calculated test characteristics for analyzing capillary blood using the hand-held devices were numerically smaller compared with blood obtained from a coccygeal vessel, but overlapping confidence intervals indicate no statistical difference between the origin of the sample. Hence, this procedure seems to be suitable for ketosis monitoring in dairy cows, but further validation with more data from different farms is recommended.
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Meyer L. Alte Inhaftierte in Justizvollzugsanstalten. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 49:37-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00391-015-0888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Winter H, Meyer L, Hengeveld E, Wiersema PK. THE ROLE OF WALL-BOUND HYDROXYPROLINE-RICH PROTEIN IN CELL EXTENSION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1971.tb00734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chima CS, Meyer L, Heyka R, Bosworth C, Hummel AC, Werynski A, Paganini E, Verdi P. Nitrogen balance in postsurgical patients with acute renal failure on continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration and total parenteral nutrition. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 93:39-41. [PMID: 1802598 DOI: 10.1159/000420182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Janku F, Gounder M, Murthy R, Rudin C, Helgason T, Hong D, Benjamin R, Meyer L, Zinner R, Meric-Bernstam F, Masters T. Phase I clinical study of intratumoral injection of Clostridium novyi-NT spores in patients with advanced cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv090.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Chantrel F, Sissoko H, Képénékian L, Smagala A, Meyer L, Imhoff O, Serb L, Fleury D, Dorey F, Krummel T, Le Floch JP, Kessler L. Influence of dialysis on the glucose profile in patients with diabetes: usefulness of continuous glucose monitoring. Horm Metab Res 2014; 46:810-3. [PMID: 24627097 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We sought to investigate the impact of dialysis on glucose profiles of diabetic patients using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The study included 33 hemodialyzed patients with diabetes (14 females and 19 males; mean age: 66±8 years; patients with type 2 diabetes: 30; mean duration of dialysis: 3.8±2.6 years) who were under insulin treatment. After a run-in period, CGM was performed for 48 h, including a dialysis session. Three CGM sessions were proposed for each patient over a 3-month period. CGM results were analyzed during and after dialysis at 6 different time points. Moreover, data were analyzed in 7 different day periods according to meals. Of the 99 CGM available, 21 were excluded because of technical issues or patient refusal. The CGM results indicated that mean glucose values (7.5±2.5 mmol/l vs. 9.4±1.9 mmol/l; p<0.001) and variability indices (p<0.001) were lower, whereas the frequency of hypoglycemia (4.4±9.6% vs. 2.1±7.9%; p<0.001) was higher during hemodialysis sessions. Significant differences were observed in glucose values only before and 2 h after breakfast (p<0.001). Compared with other day periods, glucose values were lower during the second half of the night and higher before and after dinner (p<0.001). In summary, CGM allows the identification of a particular glucose profile in hemodialyzed diabetic patients. CGM seems feasible and clinically useful for the analysis of glucose profiles in this group of patients.
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Chéret A, Bacchus C, Mélard A, Saëz-Cirion A, Meyer L, Rouzioux C, Autran B. COL05-03 : Un traitement précoce en primo-infection VIH protège les CD4 mémoires centrales et naïves et peut induire une rémission de l’infection. Med Mal Infect 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(14)70061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gelu-Simeon M, Lewin M, Sobesky R, Ostos M, Bayan T, Boufassa F, Meyer L, Persoz A, Teicher E, Fontaine H, Salmon-Céron D, Seror O, Trinchet JC, Duclos-Vallée JC. Carcinovic cohort: prognostic factors of death in HIV/HCV coinfected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4220859 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s2-o15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Suess T, Borchert A, Meyer L, Marrek U, Mackert BM. Paraneoplastische Neuromyotonie bei Typ B1-Thymom. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Shrestha AK, van Wieren SE, van Langevelde F, Fuller A, Hetem RS, Meyer L, de Bie S, Prins HHT. Larger antelopes are sensitive to heat stress throughout all seasons but smaller antelopes only during summer in an African semi-arid environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2014; 58:41-49. [PMID: 23417331 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-012-0622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress can limit the activity time budget of ungulates due to hyperthermia, which is relevant for African antelopes in ecosystems where temperature routinely increases above 40 °C. Body size influences this thermal sensitivity as large bodied ungulates have a lower surface area to volume ratio than smaller ungulates, and therefore a reduced heat dissipation capacity. We tested whether the activity pattern during the day of three antelope species of different body size-eland, blue wildebeest and impala-is negatively correlated with the pattern of black globe temperature (BGT) during the day of the ten hottest days and each season in a South African semi-arid ecosystem. Furthermore, we tested whether the larger bodied eland and wildebeest are less active than the smaller impala during the hottest days and seasons. Our results show that indeed BGT was negatively correlated with the diurnal activity of eland, wildebeest and impala, particularly during summer. During spring, only the activity of the larger bodied eland and wildebeest was negatively influenced by BGT, but not for the smallest of the three species, the impala. We argue that spring, with its high heat stress, coupled with poor forage and water availability, could be critical for survival of these large African antelopes. Our study contributes to understanding how endothermic animals can cope with extreme climatic conditions, which are expected to occur more frequently due to climate change.
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Meyer L, Chantrel F, Imhoff O, Sissoko A, Serb L, Dorey F, Fleury D, Smagala A, Kepenekian L, Krummel T, Le Floch JP, Kessler L. Glycated albumin and continuous glucose monitoring to replace glycated haemoglobin in patients with diabetes treated with haemodialysis. Diabet Med 2013; 30:1388-9. [PMID: 23909880 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Albrecht R, Meyer L. [14th Surgical "Erzgebirg" Symposium--Congress Report]. Zentralbl Chir 2013; 138:e24-6. [PMID: 24150809 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1350821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Meyer L, Lekovic J, Reichman D, Chung P, Rosenwaks Z. The effect of anesthesia during embryo transfer on in vitro fertilization outcome. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gunnala V, Reichman D, Meyer L, Davis O, Rosenwaks Z. Beyond the ASRM transfer guidelines: maximum number of embryos to transfer in women ≥ 43 years of age. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Patte-Mensah C, Meyer L, Taleb O, Mensah-Nyagan AG. Potential role of allopregnanolone for a safe and effective therapy of neuropathic pain. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 113:70-8. [PMID: 23948490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Because the treatment and management of neuropathic pain are extremely complicated, the characterization of novel analgesics and neuroprotectors with safe toxicological profiles is a crucial need to develop efficient therapies. Several investigations revealed that the natural neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP) exerts analgesic, neuroprotective, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. These effects result from AP ability to modulate GABA(A), glycine, L- and T-type calcium channels. It has been shown that AP treatment induced beneficial actions in humans and animal models with no toxic side effects. In particular, a multi-parametric analysis revealed that AP efficiently counteracted chemotherapy-evoked neuropathic pain in rats. It has also been demonstrated that the modulation of AP-producing enzyme, 3α-hydroxysteroid oxido-reductase (3α-HSOR), in the spinal cord regulates thermal and mechanical pain thresholds of peripheral nerve injured neuropathic rats. The painful symptoms were exacerbated by intrathecal injections of provera (pharmacological inhibitor of 3α-HSOR) which decreased AP production in the spinal cord. By contrast, the enhancement of AP concentration in the intrathecal space induced analgesia and suppression of neuropathic symptoms. Moreover, in vivo siRNA-knockdown of 3α-HSOR expression in healthy rat dorsal root ganglia increased thermal and mechanical pain perceptions while AP evoked a potent antinociceptive action. In humans, blood levels of AP were inversely associated with low back and chest pain. Furthermore, oral administration of AP analogs induced antinociception. Altogether, these data indicate that AP, which possesses a high therapeutic potential and a good toxicological profile, may be used to develop effective and safe strategies against chronic neuropathic pain.
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Mocroft A, Furrer HJ, Miro JM, Reiss P, Mussini C, Kirk O, Abgrall S, Ayayi S, Bartmeyer B, Braun D, Castagna A, d'Arminio Monforte A, Gazzard B, Gutierrez F, Hurtado I, Jansen K, Meyer L, Muñoz P, Obel N, Soler-Palacin P, Papadopoulos A, Raffi F, Ramos JT, Rockstroh JK, Salmon D, Torti C, Warszawski J, de Wit S, Zangerle R, Fabre-Colin C, Kjaer J, Chene G, Grarup J, Lundgren JD. The incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses at a current CD4 count ≥ 200 cells/μL in the post-combination antiretroviral therapy era. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57:1038-47. [PMID: 23921881 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies consider the incidence of individual AIDS-defining illnesses (ADIs) at higher CD4 counts, relevant on a population level for monitoring and resource allocation. METHODS Individuals from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) aged ≥14 years with ≥1 CD4 count of ≥200 µL between 1998 and 2010 were included. Incidence rates (per 1000 person-years of follow-up [PYFU]) were calculated for each ADI within different CD4 strata; Poisson regression, using generalized estimating equations and robust standard errors, was used to model rates of ADIs with current CD4 ≥500/µL. RESULTS A total of 12 135 ADIs occurred at a CD4 count of ≥200 cells/µL among 207 539 persons with 1 154 803 PYFU. Incidence rates declined from 20.5 per 1000 PYFU (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.0-21.1 per 1000 PYFU) with current CD4 200-349 cells/µL to 4.1 per 1000 PYFU (95% CI, 3.6-4.6 per 1000 PYFU) with current CD4 ≥ 1000 cells/µL. Persons with a current CD4 of 500-749 cells/µL had a significantly higher rate of ADIs (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.32), whereas those with a current CD4 of ≥1000 cells/µL had a similar rate (aIRR, 0.92; 95% CI, .79-1.07), compared to a current CD4 of 750-999 cells/µL. Results were consistent in persons with high or low viral load. Findings were stronger for malignant ADIs (aIRR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.25-1.86) than for nonmalignant ADIs (aIRR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25), comparing persons with a current CD4 of 500-749 cells/µL to 750-999 cells/µL. DISCUSSION The incidence of ADIs was higher in individuals with a current CD4 count of 500-749 cells/µL compared to those with a CD4 count of 750-999 cells/µL, but did not decrease further at higher CD4 counts. Results were similar in patients virologically suppressed on combination antiretroviral therapy, suggesting that immune reconstitution is not complete until the CD4 increases to >750 cells/µL.
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Lotter U, Meyer L. Texture and yield strength anisotropy of microalloyed thermomechanically treated high-strength steels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/030716977803292510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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