Prognostic Potential of N-Cadherin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Immunohistochemical Methods

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prognostic potential for N-cadherin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia.

STUDY DESIGN

Across-sectional study, analytical study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY

Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Dental Science Research (MMCDSR), Ambala, India, from 2011 to 2014.

METHODOLOGY

Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the N-cadherin expression in 100 cases having epithelium with normal oral mucosa, oral epithelial dysplastic lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). For statistical significance, SPSS 13.0 was used to calculate the data by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

RESULTS

In OSCC, N-cadherin expression was more evident than in oral epithelial dysplasia followed by the normal oral epithelium that did not show any dysplastic changes (p=0.001). Conversely, N-cadherin expression was not significant among the histological grade of OSCC.

CONCLUSION

N-cadherin can be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of OSCC. However, the N-cadherin expression did not show any correlation with the histological grade of OSCC.

Nano cellulose dispersed chitosan film with Ag NPs/Curcumin: An in vivo study on Albino Rats for wound dressing

With an aim to develop chitosan film with controllable swelling behavior and maximum antimicrobial efficacy, we hereby report cellulose nano crystals loaded chitosan films with Curcumin/Ag nano particles embedded as strong antimicrobial agents. The CNC had average size of 40-90nm with poly dispersity index of 3.641. The TEM analysis of Ag NPs, produced via DMF reduction, revealed a particle size range of 15-25nm. The Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) of these Ag NPs shifted from 380 to 440nm, with the increase in concentration of Ag (I). The TGA of the film samples Ch/CNC, and Ch/CNC (Ag₄₆₃/Cur₄₅₀) exhibited% weight loss of around 95 and 80 respectively, thus indicating higher stability due to presence of Ag NPs. In XRD analysis 2θ reflections at 38.12, 44.28 and 66.46°^, confirmed the presence planes (1 1), (2 0) and (2 0) respectively. In skin irritation test, the mean Erythema scores observed after 72h was zero for both the Curcumin and Ag NPs/Curcumin loaded films. The percent wound reduction, observed for the film samples Ch/CNC (Cur₄₅₀) and Ch/CNC (Ag NP₄₆₃/Cur₄₅₀) was 57.8 and 97.2 respectively, indicating better suitability of Ag NPs/Curcumin loaded film.

Angiomyxolipoma of Tongue

Angiomyxolipoma is a rare histological variant of lipoma, characterized by proliferation of adipose tissue associated with a variable amount of myxoid stroma with numerous thick- and thin-walled blood vessels. An exhaustive literature review could reveal only 12 cases of angiomyxolipoma affecting subcutaneous tissue, subungual area and spermatic cord. In oral cavity, only 2 cases of angiomyxolipoma have been reported to date, one case in the buccal mucosa and one case in the floor of the mouth. Hence, this is only the third case of angiomyxolipoma affecting oral cavity and the first case of angiomyxolipoma of the tongue. We report a case of a 51-year male presenting with a swelling on the right lateral border of the tongue. The lesion was excised and microscopical examination confirmed the diagnosis of angiomyxolipoma.

Osteogenic Sarcoma of Mandible

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant neoplasm characterised by the formation of osteoid matrix by neoplastic cells. It is the most common primary malignant bone tumor accounting for 20% of all sarcomas, although its occurrence in the jaw is rare. It shows typical clinical behaviour but varied radiological and histopathological features. It presents various histological aspects. We report a case of 30-year male presented with a painful swelling of mandible, diagnosed as OS after histopathological evaluation.

Extra-Osseous Odontogenic Myxoma of Maxillary Gingiva

Odontogenic myxomas are rare odontogenic tumors of jaw characterised by accumulation of mucoid ground substance with little collagen. Peripheral odontogenic myxoma (POM) is extra-osseous variant of odontogenic myxomas, occurring solely in the soft tissue covering the tooth bearing portion of jaws. POM is exceedingly rare, less than 10 cases have been published till date. A case of POM is reported here in a 27-year female which was provisionally diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma.

Glandular Odontogenic Cyst

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC), though rare, has now become a well known entity. The frequency of GOC ranges from 0.012% to 1.3% of all jaw cysts and its worldwide prevalence is 0.17%. The GOC's microscopic features have been well documented, and are also included in the list of World Health Organization. We report a case of GOC presenting as a unilocular osteodestructive lesion of anterior mandible in a 28-year female. The diagnosis was made on the basis of characteristic histological findings.

Psammomatoid Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma of Mandible in a 41-Year Male Patient

Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) is a rare fibro-osseous neoplasm that develops among the craniofacial bones at an early age; and in majority of patients, it is diagnosed in the first or second decade of life. We present a case in 41-year male patient having it in the left anterior mandibular region. Peripheral eosinophilic areas resembling psammomatoid bodies along with other features impelled the diagnosis of psammomatoid ossifying fibroma. However, the term juvenile seems to be losing impact with the patients showing such features in old age.

Ancient schwannoma of gingiva - A rare case report

Oral schwannomas (OSs) are rare benign tumors of oral cavity derived from peripheral nerve sheath, composed of proliferation of schwann cells in a characteristic pattern. AS are long-standing lesions which exhibit degenerative changes and atypia due to which they could be mistaken for malignancy. The mean age of occurrence of AS in oral cavity is 43 years, and no case of oral AS has been reported in a pediatric patient so far. Here, we present a rare case of AS of oral cavity in a 10-year-old male child.

Dynamic release of gentamicin sulfate (GS) from alginate dialdehyde (AD)-crosslinked casein (CAS) films for antimicrobial applications

In the present work, antibiotic drug gentamicin sulfate (GS) has been loaded into alginate dialdehyde-crosslinked casein (CAS) films for wound dressing applications. The films have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The dynamic release of model drug GS has been investigated in the physiological fluid at 37 °C. The drug release data has been interpreted in the terms of various kinetic models such as Power function model, first order model and Schott model. The release data was found to be well fitted by Schott model. The various diffusion coefficients are also evaluated. The adsorption of model therapeutic protein BSA on the film has been investigated. The maximum adsorption is found to be 5.7 mg/cm2.The films were tested for their antibacterial and anti-fungal action. Finally, the in vivo wound healing study was carried out on Albino wistar rats.