WITHDRAWN:Postoperative surgical complications after lung transplantation

This article has been withdrawn for editorial reasons because the journal will be published only in English. In order to avoid duplicated records, this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppnen.2014.09.007. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.

Acute liver injury induces nucleocytoplasmic redistribution of hepatic methionine metabolism enzymes

AIMS

The discovery of methionine metabolism enzymes in the cell nucleus, together with their association with key nuclear processes, suggested a putative relationship between alterations in their subcellular distribution and disease.

RESULTS

Using the rat model of d-galactosamine intoxication, severe changes in hepatic steady-state mRNA levels were found; the largest decreases corresponded to enzymes exhibiting the highest expression in normal tissue. Cytoplasmic protein levels, activities, and metabolite concentrations suffered more moderate changes following a similar trend. Interestingly, galactosamine treatment induced hepatic nuclear accumulation of methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) α1 and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase tetramers, their active assemblies. In fact, galactosamine-treated livers showed enhanced nuclear MAT activity. Acetaminophen (APAP) intoxication mimicked most galactosamine effects on hepatic MATα1, including accumulation of nuclear tetramers. H35 cells that overexpress tagged-MATα1 reproduced the subcellular distribution observed in liver, and the changes induced by galactosamine and APAP that were also observed upon glutathione depletion by buthionine sulfoximine. The H35 nuclear accumulation of tagged-MATα1 induced by these agents correlated with decreased glutathione reduced form/glutathione oxidized form ratios and was prevented by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione ethyl ester. However, the changes in epigenetic modifications associated with tagged-MATα1 nuclear accumulation were only prevented by NAC in galactosamine-treated cells.

INNOVATION

Cytoplasmic and nuclear changes in proteins that regulate the methylation index follow opposite trends in acute liver injury, their nuclear accumulation showing potential as disease marker.

CONCLUSION

Altogether these results demonstrate galactosamine- and APAP-induced nuclear accumulation of methionine metabolism enzymes as active oligomers and unveil the implication of redox-dependent mechanisms in the control of MATα1 subcellular distribution.

Neuroprotective Properties of Standardized Extracts of Hypericum perforatum on Rotenone Model of Parkinson's Disease

Hipericum perforatum is a well-known herbal for its antidepressant property. Recently, it has been shown to have nootropic effects against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective role of chronic administration of two standardized extract of Hypericum perforatum SHP1 rich in hyperforin (6%) and SHP2 extract poor in hyperforin (0.2%) on the neurodegeneration induced by chronic administration of rotenone in rats. Quercetin in liposomes, one active constituent, was tested in the same experimental conditions. The animals received pretreatments with SHP1 (4 mg/Kg, ip), SHP2 (4 mg/Kg, ip) or quercetin liposomes (25 and 100 mg/kg, ip) 60 min before of rotenone injection (2.5 mg/kg) for 45 days. Pretreatment of the animals with SHP1 and SHP2 efficiently halted deleterious toxic effects of rotenone, revealing normalization of catalepsy in addition to amelioration of neurochemical parameters. Also, SHP1 reduced neuronal damage, diminishing substantia nigra dopaminergic cell death caused by the pesticide, indicating benefit of neuroprotective therapy. In general, the SHP1 was more active than SHP2. In addition, SHP1 inhibited the apoptotic cascade by decreasing Bax levels. The results presented here indicate that mainly hyperforin and quercetin, may be involved in the neuroprotective action of Hypericum standardized extracts. Combination of dietary antioxidants could provide better therapeutic advantage for the management of Parkinson, and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore H. perforatum standardized extract enriched in hyperforin, could be a better alternative for depressed elderly patients with degenerative disorders exhibiting elevated oxidative stress status.

Clinical factors associated with success of proportional assist ventilation in the acute phase of critical illness: pilot study

REASON

Proportional assist ventilation plus (PAV+) applies pressure depending on the patient's inspiratory effort, automatically adjusting flow and volume assist to changes in respiratory mechanics. We aimed to assess the clinical factors associated with the success of PAV+ as first-line support in the acute phase of critical illness.

METHODS

A prospective cohort study was carried out. Mechanically ventilated patients>24h were switched from assist-control ventilation to PAV+ as soon as they regained spontaneous breathing activity. PAV+ was set to deliver the highest assistance. We compared patients in whom PAV+ succeeded versus those in whom it failed.

RESULTS

PAV+ succeeded in 12 (63%) patients, but failed in 7 (37%) due to tachypnea (n=4), hypercapnia (n=2), and metabolic acidosis (n=1), but without statistical significance. Both groups had similar clinical parameters. On the day of inclusion, total work of breathing per breath was lower in the successful PAV+ group (WOBTOT: 0.95 [0.8-1.35] vs. 1.6 [1.4-1.8] J/L; P<.007). The area under the ROC curve was 0.89 ± 0.08 for WOBTOT. The best cut-off for predicting PAV+ success was WOBTOT<1.4 J/L (sensitivity: 1 [0.7-1], specificity: 0.6 [0.4-0.6], PPV: 0.7 [0.5-0.7], and NPV: 1 [0.6-1]).

CONCLUSION

PAV+ proved feasible as first-line ventilatory support in 63% of the patients, mostly in individuals without extreme derangements in WOBTOT. Tachypnea and hypercapnia were the clinical factors associated with failure, though statistical significance was not reached.

Women´s expectations and evaluation of a maternal educational program

OBJECTIVES

To identify the expectations of women requesting the maternal education program (ME) and to determine their evaluation of it.

METHODS

a multi-centric observational study was conducted in four hospitals in Spain in 2011 with primiparous women. Socio-demographic and obstetrical variables, among others, were collected through interviews and reviews of medical records. The analysis estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios using logistic regression with a confidence interval of 95%.

RESULTS

Newborn care was most requested type of content desired by women (80.33%). Eleven and one quarter percent (11.25%) of the women evaluated ME as being of little or no usefulness or benefit. Women appreciated the follow-up care given during pregnancy and childbirth but ME was not noted as influencing the measurement of these processes (p> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Newborn care was the type of subject mainly demanded by the women in the ME program. Women evaluated ME as being a useful program.

Ecotoxicity bioassays on leachates from poultry manure

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of different poultry manure landfill leachates, using a well-known toxicity test system (MS3). The bioassay was made using a battery of toxicity tests including acute toxicity with crustacean (Daphnia magna), algae (Chlorella vulgaris) and the in vitro toxicity test with the fish cell line RTG-2. On D. magna was high mortality for zero time and almost 100 % and 70 %-80 % mortality for sawdust and straw poultry manure respectively. No effects on C. vulgaris, was observed after the leachate exposure. None of the parameters considered: protein, EROD activity, β-gal activity and neutral red, showed differences between control test and the leachate collected from exposure to poultry manure.

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about tobacco use after an educative intervention in health sciences' students

PURPOSE

To examine the effectiveness of a tobacco control course on the improvement of knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about smoking among health sciences' students.

METHODS

This was a quasi-experimental study of community intervention carried out during the years 2005-2008, at 2 university health science centres in northwest Spain. A total of 290 students on the intervention and 256 on the control campus took part in the study. The intervention consisted of a course on the prevention and control of tobacco use offered only on the intervention campus. Data were collected before the intervention and 6 months afterwards.

RESULTS

After the course, significant differences between groups were observed in the improvement of knowledge, attitudes and perceived ability to act in tobacco control.

CONCLUSIONS

The introduction of training concerning smoking through active methodologies had a positive impact on the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about tobacco of students.

[Impact of noninvasive ventilation failure upon patient prognosis. Subanalysis of a multicenter study]

OBJECTIVE

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) constitutes first-line treatment for the exacerbation of obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiogenic lung edema. Several studies suggest that NIV failure could increase the risk of mortality, mainly due to the delay in tracheal intubation. We aimed to evaluate the negative impact of NIV failure in routine practice among Spanish ICUs.

PATIENTS

A subanalysis was made of the multicenter validation of the Sabadell Score study, extracting patients with acute respiratory failure requiring either invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation, with the exclusion of patients presenting "do not resuscitate and/or do not intubate" orders.

VARIABLES

We recorded demographic parameters, ICU-specific treatments and the development of acute renal failure or infections during ICU stay. Patients were followed-up on until hospital discharge or death. The statistic analysis included Cox multiple logistic regression.

RESULTS

We analyzed 4132 patients, of whom 1602 (39%) received only invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), while 529 (13%) received NIV. The latter succeeded in 50% of the patients, but the other 50% required intubation. NIV failure was more common in neurological and postsurgical patients. Mortality was lower than predicted in NIV patients (22% vs. 33%) and similar to predicted in IMV patients (27% vs. 29%). Mortality was lower than predicted in patients in whom NIV proved successful (12% vs. 28%), and in those in whom NIV failed (32% vs. 38%).

CONCLUSION

NIV failure and the need of intubation as routinely used do not seem to imply a poorer patient prognosis.