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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akbar Z, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alizadehvandchali N, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Balbino A, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Banerjee D, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Bartels C, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Beattie C, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Bok J, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho JMM, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Canedo FDM, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cilladi LD, Cindolo F, Ciupek MR, Clai G, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cui P, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das P, Das P, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, Deb S, Degenhardt HF, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Deng W, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Dixit DU, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Eikeland VN, Elia D, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Eulisse G, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fan F, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Flores AN, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Frankenfeld U, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia JRA, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garibli A, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Giacalone M, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glaenzer AMC, Glässel P, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Trueba LH, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Goswami A, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hasenbichler JA, Hassan H, Hassan QU, Hatzifotiadou D, Hauer P, Havener LB, Hayashi S, Heckel ST, Hellbär E, Helstrup H, Herghelegiu A, Herman T, Hernandez EG, Herrera Corral G, Herrmann F, Hetland KF, Hillemanns H, Hills C, Hippolyte B, Hohlweger B, Honermann J, Horak D, Hornung A, Hornung S, Hosokawa R, Hristov P, Huang C, Hughes C, Huhn P, Humanic TJ, Hushnud H, Husova LA, Hussain N, Hussain SA, Hutter D, Iddon JP, Ilkaev R, Ilyas H, Inaba M, Innocenti GM, Ippolitov M, Isakov A, Islam MS, Ivanov M, Ivanov V, Izucheev V, Jacak B, Jacazio N, Jacobs PM, Jadlovska S, Jadlovsky J, Jaelani S, Jahnke C, Jakubowska MJ, Janik MA, Janson T, Jercic M, Jevons O, Jin M, Jonas F, Jones PG, Jung J, Jung M, Jusko A, Kalinak P, Kalweit A, Kaplin V, Kar S, Karasu Uysal A, Karatovic D, Karavichev O, Karavicheva T, Karczmarczyk P, Karpechev E, Kazantsev A, Kebschull U, Keidel R, Keil M, Ketzer B, Khabanova Z, Khan AM, Khan S, Khanzadeev A, Kharlov Y, Khatun A, Khuntia A, Kileng B, Kim B, Kim B, Kim D, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim H, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, Kim M, Kim S, Kim T, Kim T, Kirsch S, Kisel I, Kiselev S, Kisiel A, Klay JL, Klein C, Klein J, Klein S, Klein-Bösing C, Kleiner M, Kluge A, Knichel ML, Knospe AG, Kobdaj C, Köhler MK, Kollegger T, Kondratyev A, Kondratyeva N, Kondratyuk E, Konig J, Konigstorfer SA, Konopka PJ, Kornakov G, Koska L, Kovalenko O, Kovalenko V, Kowalski M, Králik I, Kravčáková A, Kreis L, Krivda M, Krizek F, Krizkova Gajdosova K, Krüger M, Kryshen E, Krzewicki M, Kubera AM, Kučera V, Kuhn C, Kuijer PG, Kumar L, Kundu S, Kurashvili P, Kurepin A, Kurepin AB, Kuryakin A, Kushpil S, Kvapil J, Kweon MJ, Kwon JY, Kwon Y, La Pointe SL, La Rocca P, Lai YS, Lamanna M, Langoy R, Lapidus K, Lardeux A, Larionov P, Laudi E, Lavicka R, Lazareva T, Lea R, Leardini L, Lee J, Lee S, Lehner S, Lehrbach J, Lemmon RC, León Monzón I, Lesser ED, Lettrich M, Lévai P, Li X, Li XL, Lien J, Lietava R, Lim B, Lindenstruth V, Lindner A, Lippmann C, Lisa MA, Liu A, Liu J, Liu S, Llope WJ, Lofnes IM, Loginov V, Loizides C, Loncar P, Lopez JA, Lopez X, López Torres E, Luhder JR, Lunardon M, Luparello G, Ma YG, Maevskaya A, Mager M, Mahmood SM, Mahmoud T, Maire A, Majka RD, Malaev M, Malik QW, Malinina L, Mal'Kevich D, Malzacher P, Mandaglio G, Manko V, Manso F, Manzari V, Mao Y, Marchisone M, Mareš J, Margagliotti GV, Margotti A, Marín A, Markert C, Marquard M, Martin CD, Martin NA, Martinengo P, Martinez JL, Martínez MI, Martínez García G, Masciocchi S, Masera M, Masoni A, Massacrier L, Masson E, Mastroserio A, Mathis AM, Matonoha O, Matuoka PFT, Matyja A, Mayer C, Mazzaschi F, Mazzilli M, Mazzoni MA, Mechler AF, Meddi F, Melikyan Y, Menchaca-Rocha A, Mengke C, Meninno E, Menon AS, Meres M, Mhlanga S, Miake Y, Micheletti L, Migliorin LC, Mihaylov DL, Mikhaylov K, Mishra AN, Miśkowiec D, Modak A, Mohammadi N, Mohanty AP, Mohanty B, Khan MM, Moravcova Z, Mordasini C, Moreira De Godoy DA, Moreno LAP, Morozov I, Morsch A, Mrnjavac T, Muccifora V, Mudnic E, Mühlheim D, Muhuri S, Mulligan JD, Mulliri A, Munhoz MG, Munzer RH, Murakami H, Murray S, Musa L, Musinsky J, Myers CJ, Myrcha JW, Naik B, Nair R, Nandi BK, Nania R, Nappi E, Naru MU, Nassirpour AF, Nattrass C, Nayak R, Nayak TK, Nazarenko S, Neagu A, Negrao De Oliveira RA, Nellen L, Nesbo SV, Neskovic G, Nesterov D, Neumann LT, Nielsen BS, Nikolaev S, Nikulin S, Nikulin V, Noferini F, Nomokonov P, Norman J, Novitzky N, Nowakowski P, Nyanin A, Nystrand J, Ogino M, Ohlson A, Oleniacz J, Oliveira Da Silva AC, Oliver MH, Oppedisano C, Ortiz Velasquez A, Oskarsson A, Otwinowski J, Oyama K, Pachmayer Y, Pacik V, Padhan S, Pagano D, Paić G, Pan J, Panebianco S, Pareek P, Park J, Parkkila JE, Parmar S, Pathak SP, Paul B, Pazzini J, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng X, Pereira LG, Pereira Da Costa H, Peresunko D, Perez GM, Perrin S, Pestov Y, Petráček V, Petrovici M, Pezzi RP, Piano S, Pikna M, Pillot P, Pinazza O, Pinsky L, Pinto C, Pisano S, Pistone D, Płoskoń M, Planinic M, Pliquett F, Poghosyan MG, Polichtchouk B, Poljak N, Pop A, Porteboeuf-Houssais S, Pozdniakov V, Prasad SK, Preghenella R, Prino F, Pruneau CA, Pshenichnov I, Puccio M, Putschke J, Qiu S, Quaglia L, Quishpe RE, Ragoni S, Raha S, Rajput S, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramello L, Rami F, Ramirez SAR, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Räsänen SS, Rath R, Ratza V, Ravasenga I, Read KF, Redelbach AR, Redlich K, Rehman A, Reichelt P, Reidt F, Ren X, Renfordt R, Rescakova Z, Reygers K, Riabov A, Riabov V, Richert T, Richter M, Riedler P, Riegler W, Riggi F, Ristea C, Rode SP, Rodríguez Cahuantzi M, Røed K, Rogalev R, Rogochaya E, Rohr D, Röhrich D, Rojas PF, Rokita PS, Ronchetti F, Rosano A, Rosas ED, Roslon K, Rossi A, Rotondi A, Roy A, Roy P, Rueda OV, Rui R, Rumyantsev B, Rustamov A, Ryabinkin E, Ryabov Y, Rybicki A, Rytkonen H, Saarimaki OAM, Sadek R, Sadhu S, Sadovsky S, Šafařík K, Saha SK, Sahoo B, Sahoo P, Sahoo R, Sahoo S, Sahu PK, Saini J, Sakai S, Sambyal S, Samsonov V, Sarkar D, Sarkar N, Sarma P, Sarti VM, Sas MHP, Scapparone E, Schambach J, Scheid HS, Schiaua C, Schicker R, Schmah A, Schmidt C, Schmidt HR, Schmidt MO, Schmidt M, Schmidt NV, Schmier AR, Schukraft J, Schutz Y, Schwarz K, Schweda K, Scioli G, Scomparin E, Seger JE, Sekiguchi Y, Sekihata D, Selyuzhenkov I, Senyukov S, Serebryakov D, Sevcenco A, Shabanov A, Shabetai A, Shahoyan R, Shaikh W, Shangaraev A, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma H, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma S, Sheibani O, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shirinkin S, Shou Q, Sibiriak Y, Siddhanta S, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Simatovic G, Simonetti G, Singh B, Singh R, Singh R, Singh R, Singh VK, Singhal V, Sinha T, Sitar B, Sitta M, Skaali TB, Slupecki M, Smirnov N, Snellings RJM, Soncco C, Song J, Songmoolnak A, Soramel F, Sorensen S, Sputowska I, Stachel J, Stan I, Steffanic PJ, Stenlund E, Stiefelmaier SF, Stocco D, Storetvedt MM, Stritto LD, Suaide AAP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Suleymanov M, Suljic M, Sultanov R, Šumbera M, Sumberia V, Sumowidagdo S, Swain S, Szabo A, Szarka I, Tabassam U, Taghavi SF, Taillepied G, Takahashi J, Tambave GJ, Tang S, Tarhini M, Tarzila MG, Tauro A, Tejeda Muñoz G, Telesca A, Terlizzi L, Terrevoli C, Thakur D, Thakur S, Thomas D, Thoresen F, Tieulent R, Tikhonov A, Timmins AR, Toia A, Topilskaya N, Toppi M, Torales-Acosta F, Torres SR, Trifiró A, Tripathy S, Tripathy T, Trogolo S, Trombetta G, Tropp L, Trubnikov V, Trzaska WH, Trzcinski TP, Trzeciak BA, Tumkin A, Turrisi R, Tveter TS, Ullaland K, Umaka EN, Uras A, Usai GL, Vala M, Valle N, Vallero S, van der Kolk N, van Doremalen LVR, van Leeuwen M, Vande Vyvre P, Varga D, Varga Z, Varga-Kofarago M, Vargas A, Vasileiou M, Vasiliev A, Vázquez Doce O, Vechernin V, Vercellin E, Vergara Limón S, Vermunt L, Vernet R, Vértesi R, Vickovic L, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Winn M, Witt WE, Wright JR, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zherebchevskii V, Zhi Y, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Elliptic Flow of Electrons from Beauty-Hadron Decays in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:162001. [PMID: 33961482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.162001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The elliptic flow of electrons from beauty hadron decays at midrapidity (|y|<0.8) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The azimuthal distribution of the particles produced in the collisions can be parametrized with a Fourier expansion, in which the second harmonic coefficient represents the elliptic flow, v_{2}. The v_{2} coefficient of electrons from beauty hadron decays is measured for the first time in the transverse momentum (p_{T}) range 1.3-6 GeV/c in the centrality class 30%-50%. The measurement of electrons from beauty-hadron decays exploits their larger mean proper decay length cτ≈500 μm compared to that of charm hadrons and most of the other background sources. The v_{2} of electrons from beauty hadron decays at midrapidity is found to be positive with a significance of 3.75 σ. The results provide insights into the degree of thermalization of beauty quarks in the medium. A model assuming full thermalization of beauty quarks is strongly disfavored by the measurement at high p_{T}, but is in agreement with the results at low p_{T}. Transport models including substantial interactions of beauty quarks with an expanding strongly interacting medium describe the measurement within uncertainties.
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Chakraborty P, Gallo MF, Nawaz S, Smith MH, Hood RB, Chettri S, Bessett D, Norris AH, Casterline J, Turner AN. Use of nonpreferred contraceptive methods among women in Ohio. Contraception 2021; 103:328-335. [PMID: 33607120 PMCID: PMC10104247 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe the prevalence and correlates of nonuse of preferred contraceptive method among women 18-44 years of age in Ohio using contraception. STUDY DESIGN The population-representative Ohio Survey of Women had 2529 participants in 2018-2019, with a response rate of 33.5%. We examined prevalence of preferred method nonuse, reasons for nonuse, and satisfaction with current method among current contraception users (n = 1390). We evaluated associations between demographic and healthcare factors and preferred method nonuse. RESULTS About 25% of women reported not using their preferred contraceptive method. The most common barrier to obtaining preferred method was affordability (13%). Those not using their preferred method identified long-acting methods (49%), oral contraception (33%), or condoms (21%) as their preferred methods. The proportion using their preferred method was highest among intrauterine device (IUD) users (86%) and lowest among emergency contraception users (64%). About 16% of women using permanent contraception reported it was not their preferred method. Having the lowest socioeconomic status (versus highest) (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.11-1.96), Hispanic ethnicity (versus non-Hispanic white) (PR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.15-2.90), reporting poor provider satisfaction related to contraceptive care (PR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.02-5.29), and not having a yearly women's checkup (PR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01-1.68) were significantly associated with nonuse of preferred method. Compared to preferred-method nonusers, higher proportions of preferred-method users reported consistent contraceptive use (89% vs. 73%, p < 0.001) and intent to continue use (79% vs. 58%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Affordability and poor provider satisfaction related to contraceptive care were associated with nonuse of preferred contraceptive method. Those using their preferred method reported more consistent use. IMPLICATIONS Cost is an important barrier for women in obtaining their preferred contraceptive methods. Low quality birth control care may also be a barrier to preferred-method use. Removal of cost barriers and improvement in contraceptive counseling strategies may increase access to preferred contraceptive methods.
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Fuller AT, Almojuela A, Kaddumukasa MN, Chakraborty P, Smith PJ, Kolls BJ, Van Belleghem F, Muhumuza C, Nshemerirwe S, Kaddumukasa M, Nakasujja N, Nakku J, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Haglund MM, Koltai DC. Hospital-based epilepsy care in Uganda: A prospective study of three major public referral hospitals. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107301. [PMID: 32861671 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sets out to describe the current demographics of people with epilepsy (PWE) attending hospital-based care in Uganda and the epilepsy treatment practices within three of the largest Ugandan public referral hospitals. METHODS In a six-month prospective cohort study, 626 children and adults attending epilepsy clinics at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital were enrolled. Using a study questionnaire, data were collected at baseline and at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months following enrollment. Specific data surrounding individual patient demographics, clinical characteristics and severity of epilepsy, and treatment of epilepsy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were collected. RESULTS Female patients totaled to 50.8%, with a nearly equal gender distribution at each hospital. There was no statistical difference in gender or age between sites. The majority of PWE had completed primary school, with less than 15% of patients completing more than a secondary education. Seizure severity was high, with most patients having multiple seizures per week at the initial onset of epilepsy, and greater than 90% of patients reporting a loss of consciousness with seizures. The majority of patients (54.95%) also reported a developmental or learning delay. Most patients were on 1 AED (46.01%) or 2 AEDs (36.90%), with carbamazepine being the most frequently prescribed AED. There was a trend towards improved seizure severity over the follow-up period, as assessed by the corresponding Personal Impact of Epilepsy Scale (PIES) subscale. CONCLUSIONS People with epilepsy attending hospital-based care in Uganda tend to have severe forms of epilepsy requiring management with AEDs. Current hospital-based practices show a positive trend for seizure burden and quality of life of PWE in Uganda. Further interventions to improve overall access to biomedical care are required to continue to advance the management of PWE across all communities. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Smith CE, Kajumba M, Bobholz S, Smith PJ, Kaddumukasa M, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Chakraborty P, Sinha DD, Kaddumukasa MN, Gualtieri A, Nakasujja N, Onuoha E, Nakku J, Muhumuza C, Sanchez N, Fuller AT, Haglund MM, Koltai DC. Pluralistic and singular causal attributions for epilepsy in Uganda. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107334. [PMID: 32839144 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Uganda, causal attributions for epilepsy reflect a variety of beliefs and impact care-seeking behavior, perpetuate stigma, and undermine the effectiveness of interventions to narrow the epilepsy treatment gap. The objective of this study was to characterize beliefs about seizure etiology to gain a better understanding of how epilepsy is conceptualized in the community in order to inform culturally appropriate educational policies and interventions. METHODS In a community-based study, 15,383 participants were surveyed about beliefs related to 15 potential causes for epilepsy. Principal axis factor analysis (PFA) was performed to identify causative factors and then utilized to classify singular versus pluralistic belief systems related to epilepsy etiology. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney U-tests were conducted to examine the differences in background characteristics across the etiology belief groups. RESULTS Three main causative factors emerged from the PFA: biological, sociospiritual, and biospiritual. Among those endorsing at least one factor (n = 13,036), the biological factor was endorsed most frequently as a potential cause for epilepsy (88.0%), followed by the sociospiritual (63.4%), then biospiritual (47.6%). Review of the patterns of endorsement found that only 22.2% endorsed the biological factor alone, 6.7% the sociospiritual factor alone, and 2.8% the biospiritual factor alone (total 31.7%). The remainder endorsed a combination of two or all three factors as being potentially causal, and most (65.7%) endorsed a pluralistic combination inclusive of a biological etiology. Group comparisons showed that endorsing only the biological factor was associated with the highest levels of education (p < 0.01), the pluralistic group had the highest ratio of people in the household who needed assistance to those that could provide aid (p < 0.01), and there were significant differences in income across specific groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Pluralistic attributions for epilepsy are common in Uganda, with the majority of community members drawing from biomedical and traditional concepts to construct complex explanations for seizures that transcend discrete belief categories traditionally depicted in the literature. These findings emphasize the need to understand cultural beliefs about epilepsy in order to design contextually specific interventions and education programs, which respect the fundamental beliefs and values of the community. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Koltai DC, Dunn TW, Smith PJ, Sinha DD, Bobholz S, Kaddumukasa M, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Kajumba M, Smith CE, Kaddumukasa MN, Teuwen DE, Nakasujja N, Chakraborty P, Kolls BJ, Nakku J, Haglund MM, Fuller AT. Sociocultural determinants and patterns of healthcare utilization for epilepsy care in Uganda. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107304. [PMID: 32768344 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is a global public health concern, with the majority of cases occurring in lower- and middle-income countries where the treatment gap remains formidable. In this study, we simultaneously explore how beliefs about epilepsy causation, perceived barriers to care, seizure disorder characteristics, and demographics influence the initial choice of healthcare for epilepsy and its impact on attaining biomedical care (BMC). METHODS This study utilized the baseline sample (n = 626) from a prospective cohort study of people with epilepsy (PWE) attending three public hospitals in Uganda (Mulago National Referral Hospital, Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital, and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital) for epilepsy care. Patient and household demographics, clinical seizure disorder characteristics, and sociocultural questionnaires were administered. Logistic regression and principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to examine associations with the choice of primary seizure treatment. RESULTS The sample was 49% female, and 24% lived in rural settings. A biomedical health facility was the first point of care for 355 (56.7%) participants, while 229 (36.6%) first sought care from a traditional healer and 42 (6.7%) from a pastoral healer. Preliminary inspection of candidate predictors using relaxed criteria for significance (p < 0.20) identified several factors potentially associated with a greater odds of seeking BMC first. Demographic predictors included older caredriver (decision-maker for the participant) age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.99, 1.02], p-value: 0.09), greater caredriver education level (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: [1.07, 1.37], p-value = 0.003), and lower ratio of sick to healthy family members (OR = 0.77 [0.56, 1.05], P = 0.097). For clinical predictors, none of the proposed predictors associated significantly with seeking BMC first. Self-report causation predictors associated with a greater odds of seeking BMC first included higher belief in biological causes of epilepsy (OR = 1.31 [0.92, 1.88], P = 0.133) and lower belief in socio-spiritual causes of epilepsy (OR = 0.68 [0.56, 0.84], P < 0.001). In the multivariate model, only higher caredriver education (OR = 1.19 [1.04, 1.36], P = 0.009) and lower belief in socio-spiritual causes of epilepsy (OR = 0.69 [0.56, 0.86], P < 0.01) remained as predictors of seeking BMC first. Additionally, PCA revealed a pattern which included high income with low beliefs in nonbiological causes of epilepsy as being associated with seeking BMC first (OR = 1.32 [1.12, 1.55], p = 0.001). Despite reaching some form of care faster, individuals seeking care from traditional or pastoral healers experienced a significant delay to eventual BMC (P < 0.001), with an average delay of more than two years (traditional healer: 2.53 years [1.98, 3.24]; pastoral care: 2.18 [1.21, 3.91]). CONCLUSIONS Coupled with low economic and educational status, belief in spiritual causation of epilepsy is a dominant determinant of opting for traditional or pastoral healing over BMC, regardless of concurrent belief in biological etiologies. There is a prolonged delay to eventual BMC for PWE who begin their treatment seeking with nonallopathic providers, and although nonallopathic healers provide PWE with benefits not provided by BMC, this notable delay likely prevents earlier administration of evidence-based care with known efficacy. Based on these findings, initiatives to increase public awareness of neurobiological causes of epilepsy and effectiveness of biomedical drug treatments may be effective in preventing delays to care, as would programs designed to facilitate cooperation and referral among traditional, faith-based, and biomedical providers. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Kaddumukasa MN, Kaddumukasa M, Kajumba M, Smith PJ, Bobholz S, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Sinha DD, Almojuela A, Chakraborty P, Nakasujja N, Nakku J, Gualtieri A, Onuoha E, Kolls BJ, Muhumuza C, Smith CE, Sanchez N, Fuller AT, Haglund MM, Koltai DC. Barriers to biomedical care for people with epilepsy in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107349. [PMID: 32962922 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy, a neurological disorder with effective biomedical treatment, remains largely untreated in Uganda. Potential reasons for this treatment gap (TG) include limited access to trained providers and clinics, social stigmata of seizures, cultural beliefs, or lack of public understanding of epilepsy as a treatable condition. The current study aimed to formally evaluate barriers faced by people with epilepsy (PWE) in Uganda when seeking biomedical care. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 435 participants drawn from a community prevalence study were enrolled. We included participants reporting a history of recurrent seizures suggestive of epilepsy, who completed a survey about barriers to obtaining care for their symptoms. Principal axis factor analysis (PFA) using a promax rotation was conducted for data reduction. Frequencies of barrier factors were compared across those who did not seek care for epilepsy (n = 228), those who sought care from biomedical facilities (n = 166), and those who sought care from a traditional or pastoral healer (n = 41). RESULTS The PFA yielded a five-factor solution: 1) logistical and actual costs; 2) treatment effectiveness; 3) influence of the opinion of others; 4) doctors' care; and 5) contextual factors impacting decision-making. Variables related to logistical and actual costs were most endorsed. Comparison of groups by care sought did not reveal a difference in endorsement of factors, with the exception that those who sought biomedical care were more likely to endorse factors related to doctors' care compared with those that sought care from traditional or pastoral healers (P = .005). CONCLUSIONS People with repetitive seizures in Uganda report several barriers to obtaining biomedical care in Uganda, with those related to practical and actual costs endorsed the most. It is imperative that interventions developed to reduce the TG in Uganda consider these practical issues to improve access to effective epilepsy care. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda.
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Kaddumukasa M, Smith PJ, Kaddumukasa MN, Kajumba M, Almojuela A, Bobholz S, Chakraborty P, Sinha DD, Nakasujja N, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Gualtieri A, Onuoha E, Nakku J, Sanchez N, Muhumuza C, Fuller AT, Haglund MM, Koltai DC. Epilepsy beliefs and misconceptions among patient and community samples in Uganda. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107300. [PMID: 32758405 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to characterize and compare the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions about epilepsy across community and patient cohorts in Uganda. METHODS This was a descriptive study utilizing two samples: a randomly selected, national survey community sample and a hospital-based patient sample of people with epilepsy (PWE) and their caregivers attending clinic settings in Kampala and Mbarara, Uganda for epilepsy care. Both samples were surveyed about their beliefs about epilepsy, its treatment, and people who have the illness. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine group differences and variables associated with specific beliefs. RESULTS Among the 15,818 community survey participants who participated in this study, 435 study participants reported symptoms suggestive of recurrent seizures, and all 626 subjects in the hospital-based sample had confirmed epilepsy. Results revealed significant differences across groups in their endorsement of epilepsy as a contagion; 37% of people in the community unaffected by epilepsy, and 39% of people with suspected epilepsy who did not seek care believed that epilepsy was contagious by touch, in contrast to 8% of PWE or their caregivers attending regular hospital-based care. Higher educational attainment and income, and seeking regular hospital-based medical care were associated with less endorsement of epilepsy as a contagion, while age, education, income, area of residence, and presence of seizure symptoms, were significant predictors of support or belief in the basic rights of PWE. Study participants within the community who screened negative for seizures placed the most restrictions on rights for PWE. To varying degrees, the samples all endorsed the effectiveness of allopathic, traditional, and religious providers, and the use of pharmaceutical drugs, traditional rituals and herbs, and prayer. CONCLUSIONS People with epilepsy who are attending biomedical care for routine epilepsy care think differently about epilepsy, its treatment, and the rights of those with the disease than the general population. Within the community setting, more erroneous beliefs and negative attitudes about epilepsy and PWE persist, and they not only contribute to stigma but also interfere with the patients' health-seeking behavior. Further confounding the care of PWE, the pluralistic healthcare system in Uganda is evident in endorsements spanning biomedical, traditional, and religious treatment methods. Focused awareness campaigns utilizing local epilepsy societies are needed to promote epilepsy health literacy, to favorably impact acceptance and opportunities for PWE in Uganda, and to facilitate efficient uptake of biomedical care. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Chakraborty P, Sanchez NA, Kaddumukasa M, Kajumba M, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Van Noord M, Kaddumukasa MN, Nakasujja N, Haglund MM, Koltai DC. Stigma reduction interventions for epilepsy: A systematized literature review. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107381. [PMID: 32883610 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is a disease that is stigmatized globally. Several studies have introduced sensitization efforts to reduce stigma towards people with epilepsy (PWE) in various settings. Although sensitization efforts have shown some evidence of improved attitudes towards epilepsy, progress has been limited. This systematized literature review summarizes the existing literature concerning interventions that reduce stigma towards PWE. By conducting an overview of existing interventions, we aimed to consolidate knowledge and outcomes of existing efforts as well as highlight gaps and directions for future interventions. METHODS We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Embase for English-language studies published between January 1, 1970 and November 15, 2017 that focused on stigma reduction strategies for PWE in any global setting. Studies were included if they described a stigma reduction intervention for epilepsy. Studies were excluded if they were reviews, editorials, conference proceedings, abstracts, or did not discuss a stigma reduction intervention. We thematically grouped studies based on type(s) of intervention(s) addressed and summarized interventions, outcome measures, and results for each study included in the review. RESULTS Of the 1975 initial citations, 32 studies met our inclusion criteria. Interventions clustered into four broad categories including public awareness interventions, policy-based interventions, school-based interventions, and interventions that targeted PWE themselves as well as their caregivers and peers. Efficacy of these interventions as reported by the authors was mixed. Many studies did not use validated outcome measures to assess stigma. CONCLUSIONS Although intervention efforts have been made towards epilepsy stigma reduction at many levels, stigma towards and discrimination against PWE prevail worldwide. About 75% of the studies included in this review were conducted in high-income countries (HICs) despite the disproportional need in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Furthermore, robust outcome measures to assess efficacy in stigma reduction for interventions are lacking, calling into question the validity of reported outcomes for both positive and null findings. Therefore, more work is needed in both developing effective stigma reduction strategies, especially in LMICs, and validating tools to measure their efficacy. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Chakraborty P, Vissoci JRN, Muhumuza C, Fuller AT, Koltai DC, Nshemerirwe S, Haglund MM, Kaddumukasa MN. Validity of the Personal Impact of Epilepsy Scale (PIES) in patients with epilepsy in Uganda. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 114:107303. [PMID: 32718815 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to address the construct validity and reliability of the Personal Impact of Epilepsy Scale (PIES), an epilepsy-specific quality-of-life measure, in patients with epilepsy in Uganda. We also sought to assess the applicability of the scale across three languages: English, Luganda, and Runyankole. METHODS Patients with epilepsy (N = 626) were recruited at the time of care seeking from Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH), Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital (BNRMH), and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), and were given the English, Runyankole, and Luganda versions of the PIES as a part of a larger interview. Reliability, internal consistency specifically, was assessed using three parameters: Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, and composite reliability. Construct validity (internal structure) was evaluated with principal component analysis (PCA) for three factors, as well as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for a three-factor structure of the scale. We also assessed correlations between the three PIES subscales and the seizure severity question in the Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS) and reported seizure frequency. RESULTS The three-factor model of the PIES had adequate reliability, with Cronbach's Alpha, McDonald's Omega, and composite reliability values over 0.7, except for the Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega values for the second factor, which was slightly lower than 0.7 in the full sample as well as when stratified by study language. The PCA and CFA models for the scale demonstrated adequate fit with the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), with TLI and CFI values above 0.9 and RMSEA values less than 0.08. However, the model demonstrated inadequate fit with the Chi-square indicator, which yielded a significant p-value. Individual factor loadings ranged from 0.50 to 0.95 in the full sample, 0.45 to 0.98 in the English sample, and 0.45 to 0.93 in the Luganda sample. Finally, the three PIES subscales aligned with reported seizure frequency and the seizure severity question from the LSSS. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first Luganda and Runyankole versions of the PIES, and the first validation of this scale in English and Luganda with patients with epilepsy in Uganda. The PIES was found to have acceptable psychometric properties for reliability and validity parameters. Thus, the scale is recommended for use and for further investigation in patients with epilepsy in Uganda. This article is part of the Special Issue "The Intersection of Culture, Resources, and Disease: Epilepsy Care in Uganda".
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Pramanik S, Dutta J, Chakraborty P. Development of pH-Responsive Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyacrylamide-g-Gum Arabica and Sodium Alginate for Gastroprotective Delivery of Gabapentin. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akbar Z, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alizadehvandchali N, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Balbino A, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Banerjee D, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Bartels C, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Beattie C, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Bok J, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho JMM, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Canedo FDM, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cilladi LD, Cindolo F, Ciupek MR, Clai G, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cui P, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das P, Das P, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, Deb S, Degenhardt HF, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Deng W, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Dixit DU, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Eikeland VN, Elia D, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Eulisse G, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fan F, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Flores AN, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Frankenfeld U, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia JRA, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garibli A, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Giacalone M, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glaenzer AMC, Glässel P, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Trueba LH, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Goswami A, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hasenbichler JA, Hassan H, Hassan QU, Hatzifotiadou D, Hauer P, Havener LB, Hayashi S, Heckel ST, Hellbär E, Helstrup H, Herghelegiu A, Herman T, Hernandez EG, Herrera Corral G, Herrmann F, Hetland KF, Hillemanns H, Hills C, Hippolyte B, Hohlweger B, Honermann J, Horak D, Hornung A, Hornung S, Hosokawa R, Hristov P, Huang C, Hughes C, Huhn P, Humanic TJ, Hushnud H, Husova LA, Hussain N, Hussain SA, Hutter D, Iddon JP, Ilkaev R, Ilyas H, Inaba M, Innocenti GM, Ippolitov M, Isakov A, Islam MS, Ivanov M, Ivanov V, Izucheev V, Jacak B, Jacazio N, Jacobs PM, Jadlovska S, Jadlovsky J, Jaelani S, Jahnke C, Jakubowska MJ, Janik MA, Janson T, Jercic M, Jevons O, Jin M, Jonas F, Jones PG, Jung J, Jung M, Jusko A, Kalinak P, Kalweit A, Kaplin V, Kar S, Karasu Uysal A, Karatovic D, Karavichev O, Karavicheva T, Karczmarczyk P, Karpechev E, Kazantsev A, Kebschull U, Keidel R, Keil M, Ketzer B, Khabanova Z, Khan AM, Khan S, Khanzadeev A, Kharlov Y, Khatun A, Khuntia A, Kileng B, Kim B, Kim B, Kim D, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim H, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, Kim M, Kim S, Kim T, Kim T, Kirsch S, Kisel I, Kiselev S, Kisiel A, Klay JL, Klein C, Klein J, Klein S, Klein-Bösing C, Kleiner M, Kluge A, Knichel ML, Knospe AG, Kobdaj C, Köhler MK, Kollegger T, Kondratyev A, Kondratyeva N, Kondratyuk E, Konig J, Konigstorfer SA, Konopka PJ, Kornakov G, Koska L, Kovalenko O, Kovalenko V, Kowalski M, Králik I, Kravčáková A, Kreis L, Krivda M, Krizek F, Krizkova Gajdosova K, Krüger M, Kryshen E, Krzewicki M, Kubera AM, Kučera V, Kuhn C, Kuijer PG, Kumar L, Kundu S, Kurashvili P, Kurepin A, Kurepin AB, Kuryakin A, Kushpil S, Kvapil J, Kweon MJ, Kwon JY, Kwon Y, La Pointe SL, La Rocca P, Lai YS, Lamanna M, Langoy R, Lapidus K, Lardeux A, Larionov P, Laudi E, Lavicka R, Lazareva T, Lea R, Leardini L, Lee J, Lee S, Lehner S, Lehrbach J, Lemmon RC, León Monzón I, Lesser ED, Lettrich M, Lévai P, Li X, Li XL, Lien J, Lietava R, Lim B, Lindenstruth V, Lindner A, Lippmann C, Lisa MA, Liu A, Liu J, Liu S, Llope WJ, Lofnes IM, Loginov V, Loizides C, Loncar P, Lopez JA, Lopez X, López Torres E, Luhder JR, Lunardon M, Luparello G, Ma YG, Maevskaya A, Mager M, Mahmood SM, Mahmoud T, Maire A, Majka RD, Malaev M, Malik QW, Malinina L, Mal'Kevich D, Malzacher P, Mandaglio G, Manko V, Manso F, Manzari V, Mao Y, Marchisone M, Mareš J, Margagliotti GV, Margotti A, Marín A, Markert C, Marquard M, Martin CD, Martin NA, Martinengo P, Martinez JL, Martínez MI, Martínez García G, Masciocchi S, Masera M, Masoni A, Massacrier L, Masson E, Mastroserio A, Mathis AM, Matonoha O, Matuoka PFT, Matyja A, Mayer C, Mazzaschi F, Mazzilli M, Mazzoni MA, Mechler AF, Meddi F, Melikyan Y, Menchaca-Rocha A, Mengke C, Meninno E, Menon AS, Meres M, Mhlanga S, Miake Y, Micheletti L, Migliorin LC, Mihaylov DL, Mikhaylov K, Mishra AN, Miśkowiec D, Modak A, Mohammadi N, Mohanty AP, Mohanty B, Mohisin Khan M, Moravcova Z, Mordasini C, Moreira De Godoy DA, Moreno LAP, Morozov I, Morsch A, Mrnjavac T, Muccifora V, Mudnic E, Mühlheim D, Muhuri S, Mulligan JD, Mulliri A, Munhoz MG, Munzer RH, Murakami H, Murray S, Musa L, Musinsky J, Myers CJ, Myrcha JW, Naik B, Nair R, Nandi BK, Nania R, Nappi E, Naru MU, Nassirpour AF, Nattrass C, Nayak R, Nayak TK, Nazarenko S, Neagu A, Negrao De Oliveira RA, Nellen L, Nesbo SV, Neskovic G, Nesterov D, Neumann LT, Nielsen BS, Nikolaev S, Nikulin S, Nikulin V, Noferini F, Nomokonov P, Norman J, Novitzky N, Nowakowski P, Nyanin A, Nystrand J, Ogino M, Ohlson A, Oleniacz J, Oliveira Da Silva AC, Oliver MH, Oppedisano C, Ortiz Velasquez A, Oskarsson A, Otwinowski J, Oyama K, Pachmayer Y, Pacik V, Padhan S, Pagano D, Paić G, Pan J, Panebianco S, Pareek P, Park J, Parkkila JE, Parmar S, Pathak SP, Paul B, Pazzini J, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng X, Pereira LG, Pereira Da Costa H, Peresunko D, Perez GM, Perrin S, Pestov Y, Petráček V, Petrovici M, Pezzi RP, Piano S, Pikna M, Pillot P, Pinazza O, Pinsky L, Pinto C, Pisano S, Pistone D, Płoskoń M, Planinic M, Pliquett F, Poghosyan MG, Polichtchouk B, Poljak N, Pop A, Porteboeuf-Houssais S, Pozdniakov V, Prasad SK, Preghenella R, Prino F, Pruneau CA, Pshenichnov I, Puccio M, Putschke J, Qiu S, Quaglia L, Quishpe RE, Ragoni S, Raha S, Rajput S, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramello L, Rami F, Ramirez SAR, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Räsänen SS, Rath R, Ratza V, Ravasenga I, Read KF, Redelbach AR, Redlich K, Rehman A, Reichelt P, Reidt F, Ren X, Renfordt R, Rescakova Z, Reygers K, Riabov A, Riabov V, Richert T, Richter M, Riedler P, Riegler W, Riggi F, Ristea C, Rode SP, Rodríguez Cahuantzi M, Røed K, Rogalev R, Rogochaya E, Rohr D, Röhrich D, Rojas PF, Rokita PS, Ronchetti F, Rosano A, Rosas ED, Roslon K, Rossi A, Rotondi A, Roy A, Roy P, Rueda OV, Rui R, Rumyantsev B, Rustamov A, Ryabinkin E, Ryabov Y, Rybicki A, Rytkonen H, Saarimaki OAM, Sadek R, Sadhu S, Sadovsky S, Šafařík K, Saha SK, Sahoo B, Sahoo P, Sahoo R, Sahoo S, Sahu PK, Saini J, Sakai S, Sambyal S, Samsonov V, Sarkar D, Sarkar N, Sarma P, Sarti VM, Sas MHP, Scapparone E, Schambach J, Scheid HS, Schiaua C, Schicker R, Schmah A, Schmidt C, Schmidt HR, Schmidt MO, Schmidt M, Schmidt NV, Schmier AR, Schukraft J, Schutz Y, Schwarz K, Schweda K, Scioli G, Scomparin E, Seger JE, Sekiguchi Y, Sekihata D, Selyuzhenkov I, Senyukov S, Serebryakov D, Sevcenco A, Shabanov A, Shabetai A, Shahoyan R, Shaikh W, Shangaraev A, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma H, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma S, Sheibani O, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shirinkin S, Shou Q, Sibiriak Y, Siddhanta S, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Simatovic G, Simonetti G, Singh B, Singh R, Singh R, Singh R, Singh VK, Singhal V, Sinha T, Sitar B, Sitta M, Skaali TB, Slupecki M, Smirnov N, Snellings RJM, Soncco C, Song J, Songmoolnak A, Soramel F, Sorensen S, Sputowska I, Stachel J, Stan I, Steffanic PJ, Stenlund E, Stiefelmaier SF, Stocco D, Storetvedt MM, Stritto LD, Suaide AAP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Suleymanov M, Suljic M, Sultanov R, Šumbera M, Sumberia V, Sumowidagdo S, Swain S, Szabo A, Szarka I, Tabassam U, Taghavi SF, Taillepied G, Takahashi J, Tambave GJ, Tang S, Tarhini M, Tarzila MG, Tauro A, Tejeda Muñoz G, Telesca A, Terlizzi L, Terrevoli C, Thakur D, Thakur S, Thomas D, Thoresen F, Tieulent R, Tikhonov A, Timmins AR, Toia A, Topilskaya N, Toppi M, Torales-Acosta F, Torres SR, Trifiró A, Tripathy S, Tripathy T, Trogolo S, Trombetta G, Tropp L, Trubnikov V, Trzaska WH, Trzcinski TP, Trzeciak BA, Tumkin A, Turrisi R, Tveter TS, Ullaland K, Umaka EN, Uras A, Usai GL, Vala M, Valle N, Vallero S, van der Kolk N, van Doremalen LVR, van Leeuwen M, Vande Vyvre P, Varga D, Varga Z, Varga-Kofarago M, Vargas A, Vasileiou M, Vasiliev A, Vázquez Doce O, Vechernin V, Vercellin E, Vergara Limón S, Vermunt L, Vernet R, Vértesi R, Vickovic L, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Winn M, Witt WE, Wright JR, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zherebchevskii V, Zhi Y, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Measurement of the Low-Energy Antideuteron Inelastic Cross Section. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:162001. [PMID: 33124836 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.162001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of 0.3≤p<4 GeV/c. The measurement is carried out using p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC and utilizing the detector material as an absorber for antideuterons and antiprotons. The extracted raw primary antiparticle-to-particle ratios are compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the geant4 toolkit for the propagation of (anti)particles through the detector material. The analysis of the raw primary (anti)proton spectra serves as a benchmark for this study, since their hadronic interaction cross sections are well constrained experimentally. The first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions averaged over the ALICE detector material with atomic mass numbers ⟨A⟩=17.4 and 31.8 is obtained. The measured inelastic cross section points to a possible excess with respect to the Glauber model parametrization used in geant4 in the lowest momentum interval of 0.3≤p<0.47 GeV/c up to a factor 2.1. This result is relevant for the understanding of antimatter propagation and the contributions to antinuclei production from cosmic ray interactions within the interstellar medium. In addition, the momentum range covered by this measurement is of particular importance to evaluate signal predictions for indirect dark-matter searches.
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Chakraborty P, Gallo M, Smith M, Hood R, Nawaz S, Chettri S, Norris A, Casterline J, Turner A. P67 Non-use of preferred contraceptive method among contracepting women in Ohio. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Snow DD, Chakraborty P, Uralbekov B, Satybaldiev B, Sallach JB, Thornton Hampton LM, Jeffries M, Kolok AS, Bartelt-Hunt SB. Legacy and current pesticide residues in Syr Darya, Kazakhstan: Contamination status, seasonal variation and preliminary ecological risk assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116141. [PMID: 32784075 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Syr Darya is one of two major rivers in Central Asia supplying critical fresh water to the Aral Sea. In spite of the river's importance and agriculturally-intensive history, few studies have provided a modern evaluation of and the occurrence of pesticide residues potential effects to aquatic life. The primary goal of this investigation was to determine seasonal variations in ambient concentrations of modern and legacy pesticides in bottom sediment and water of the Syr Darya in Kazakhstan (KZ) downstream from an agriculturally-intensive watershed in Uzbekistan. Grab samples and passive samplers were used at five remote sampling stations during June 2015 to provide a baseline for ecotoxicological evaluation. Results were compared with samples collected during and after the agricultural growing season. Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) were used in June and calibrated for time-weighted average concentrations of current use pesticides. Among legacy chlorinated pesticides measured in grab samples from the river, lindane (γ-HCH) was detected most frequently with the highest concentrations occurring during June. For all the sampling events, residues of lindane (γ-HCH) ranged from 0.014 to 0.24 μg/L detected in water samples, are among the highest concentrations reported for rivers globally. Concentrations of γ-HCH, p,p'-DDE and dieldrin were highest in October when dieldrin concentrations approached 0.4 μg/L. Sources of legacy pesticides may be either illicit upstream use or evidence of previous atmospheric contamination of glacial meltwater. Chronic exposure to these residues may lead to ecological risk to lower order organisms in both the sediment and water column.
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Chakraborty P, Chettri S, Gallo M, Smith M, Hood R, Casterline J, Turner AN. P57 Correlates of never-use of long-acting reversible contraception among women who have used contraception in Ohio. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chakraborty P, Carpenter KLH, Major S, Deaver M, Vermeer S, Herold B, Franz L, Howard J, Dawson G. Gastrointestinal problems are associated with increased repetitive behaviors but not social communication difficulties in young children with autism spectrum disorders. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 25:405-415. [PMID: 32972215 DOI: 10.1177/1362361320959503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are more likely than typically developing individuals to experience a range of gastrointestinal abnormalities, including chronic diarrhea, constipation, food sensitivities, and abdominal pain. These gastrointestinal symptoms have been associated with higher levels of irritability and aggressive behavior, but less is known about their relationship with core autism spectrum disorder symptoms. We investigated the relationship between autism spectrum disorder symptom severity and gastrointestinal symptoms while accounting for three associated behavioral symptom domains (Irritability, Aggressiveness, and Specific Fears), in a sample of 176 children (140 males and 36 females) ages 2-7 years old with autism spectrum disorder. A large majority (93.2%) of the sample had at least one reported gastrointestinal symptom, and most (88.1%) participants had more than one gastrointestinal symptom. Various types of gastrointestinal symptoms were reported; the most common symptoms reported were constipation, food limits, gas/bloating, and stomach pain. After accounting for each associated behavioral symptom domain, repetitive behaviors and stereotypies were significantly associated with gastrointestinal symptom severity. Increased severity of autism spectrum disorder symptoms was correlated with increased gastrointestinal symptom severity. Social and communication difficulties were not significantly associated with gastrointestinal symptom severity after accounting for associated behavioral symptoms. Our findings replicate a previously described association between irritability and aggression and gastrointestinal symptoms. Furthermore, we found that repetitive behaviors, but not social or communication symptoms, are associated with gastrointestinal symptom severity, even after accounting for associated behavioral symptoms. This suggests that gastrointestinal symptoms may exacerbate repetitive behaviors, or vice versa, independent from other associated behavioral symptoms.
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Chakraborty P, Dugmonits KN, Orvos H, Hermesz E. Mature Twin Neonates Exhibit Oxidative Stress via Nitric Oxide Synthase Dysfunctionality: A Prognostic Stress Marker in the Red Blood Cells and Umbilical Cord Vessels. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090845. [PMID: 32927592 PMCID: PMC7555925 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxic condition increases the generation of reactive oxygen species and fetal oxidative stress. Multiple pregnancy always bears an additional oxidative stress condition with severe complications, such as prematurity, structural abnormalities, delayed development and low birthweight. The umbilical cord (UC) vessels, along with circulating fetal red blood cells (RBCs), highly determine the oxygenation status of fetus and regulate the feto-placental circulation. As UC lacks innervation, the activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is fundamental for proper NO production. Therefore, we aimed to study the NOS3 activation pathways along with damages to macromolecules in the endothelium of UC vessels and RBCs of mature non-discordant twins, in connection to major differences in their birth weight. We provide evidence that, under severe hypoxic conditions such as twin pregnancy, the NOS3-related NO production pathways are altered both in UC vessels and RBCs; moreover, the extent of changes is highly birthweight-specific. Furthermore, macromolecular damages are prominent in the RBCs and arteries compared to the vein, with a similar increase in the Arginase1 level, which is believed to play a role in NOS3 functionality, resulting in endothelial dysfunctionality, which might have relevance to the major etiologies of cardiovascular diseases in later life.
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andrews HA, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anwar R, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Brucken EJ, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Buxton JT, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cindolo F, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cui P, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das P, Das P, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, Deb S, Debjani B, Degenhardt HF, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Devetak D, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Dixit DU, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Eikeland VN, Elia D, Engel H, Epple E, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Esumi S, Eulisse G, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fan F, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Frankenfeld U, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garibli A, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glässel P, Goméz Coral DM, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Zamora P, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hasenbichler JA, Hassan H, Hatzifotiadou D, Hauer P, Hayashi S, Heckel ST, Hellbär E, Helstrup H, Herghelegiu A, Herman T, Hernandez EG, Herrera Corral G, Herrmann F, Hetland KF, Hilden TE, Hillemanns H, Hills C, Hippolyte B, Hohlweger B, Horak D, Hornung A, Hornung S, Hosokawa R, Hristov P, Huang C, Hughes C, Huhn P, Humanic TJ, Hushnud H, Husova LA, Hussain N, Hussain SA, Hutter D, Iddon JP, Ilkaev R, Inaba M, Innocenti GM, Ippolitov M, Isakov A, Islam MS, Ivanov M, Ivanov V, Izucheev V, Jacak B, Jacazio N, Jacobs PM, Jadlovska S, Jadlovsky J, Jaelani S, Jahnke C, Jakubowska MJ, Janik MA, Janson T, Jercic M, Jevons O, Jin M, Jonas F, Jones PG, Jung J, Jung M, Jusko A, Kalinak P, Kalweit A, Kaplin V, Kar S, Karasu Uysal A, Karavichev O, Karavicheva T, Karczmarczyk P, Karpechev E, Kazantsev A, Kebschull U, Keidel R, Keil M, Ketzer B, Khabanova Z, Khan AM, Khan S, Khan SA, Khanzadeev A, Kharlov Y, Khatun A, Khuntia A, Kileng B, Kim B, Kim B, Kim D, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim H, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, Kim M, Kim S, Kim T, Kim T, Kirsch S, Kisel I, Kiselev S, Kisiel A, Klay JL, Klein C, Klein J, Klein S, Klein-Bösing C, Kleiner M, Kluge A, Knichel ML, Knospe AG, Kobdaj C, Köhler MK, Kollegger T, Kondratyev A, Kondratyeva N, Kondratyuk E, Konig J, Konopka PJ, Koska L, Kovalenko O, Kovalenko V, Kowalski M, Králik I, Kravčáková A, Kreis L, Krivda M, Krizek F, Krizkova Gajdosova K, Krüger M, Kryshen E, Krzewicki M, Kubera AM, Kučera V, Kuhn C, Kuijer PG, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kundu S, Kurashvili P, Kurepin A, Kurepin AB, Kuryakin A, Kushpil S, Kvapil J, Kweon MJ, Kwon JY, Kwon Y, La Pointe SL, La Rocca P, Lai YS, Langoy R, Lapidus K, Lardeux A, Larionov P, Laudi E, Lavicka R, Lazareva T, Lea R, Leardini L, Lee J, Lee S, Lehas F, Lehner S, Lehrbach J, Lemmon RC, León Monzón I, Lesser ED, Lettrich M, Lévai P, Li X, Li XL, Lien J, Lietava R, Lim B, Lindenstruth V, Lindsay SW, Lippmann C, Lisa MA, Litichevskyi V, Liu A, Liu S, Llope WJ, Lofnes IM, Loginov V, Loizides C, Loncar P, Lopez X, López Torres E, Luhder JR, Lunardon M, Luparello G, Ma Y, Maevskaya A, Mager M, Mahmood SM, Mahmoud T, Maire A, Majka RD, Malaev M, Malik QW, Malinina L, Mal'Kevich D, Malzacher P, Mandaglio G, Manko V, Manso F, Manzari V, Mao Y, Marchisone M, Mareš J, Margagliotti GV, Margotti A, Margutti J, Marín A, Markert C, Marquard M, Martin NA, Martinengo P, Martinez JL, Martínez MI, Martínez García G, Martinez Pedreira M, Masciocchi S, Masera M, Masoni A, Massacrier L, Masson E, Mastroserio A, Mathis AM, Matonoha O, Matuoka PFT, Matyja A, Mayer C, Mazzilli M, Mazzoni MA, Mechler AF, Meddi F, Melikyan Y, Menchaca-Rocha A, Mengke C, Meninno E, Meres M, Mhlanga S, Miake Y, Micheletti L, Mihaylov DL, Mikhaylov K, Mischke A, Mishra AN, Miśkowiec D, Modak A, Mohammadi N, Mohanty AP, Mohanty B, Khan MM, Mordasini C, Moreira De Godoy DA, Moreno LAP, Morozov I, Morsch A, Mrnjavac T, Muccifora V, Mudnic E, Mühlheim D, Muhuri S, Mulligan JD, Munhoz MG, Munzer RH, Murakami H, Murray S, Musa L, Musinsky J, Myers CJ, Myrcha JW, Naik B, Nair R, Nandi BK, Nania R, Nappi E, Naru MU, Nassirpour AF, Nattrass C, Nayak R, Nayak TK, Nazarenko S, Neagu A, Negrao De Oliveira RA, Nellen L, Nesbo SV, Neskovic G, Nesterov D, Neumann LT, Nielsen BS, Nikolaev S, Nikulin S, Nikulin V, Noferini F, Nomokonov P, Norman J, Novitzky N, Nowakowski P, Nyanin A, Nystrand J, Ogino M, Ohlson A, Oleniacz J, Oliveira Da Silva AC, Oliver MH, Oppedisano C, Orava R, Ortiz Velasquez A, Oskarsson A, Otwinowski J, Oyama K, Pachmayer Y, Pacik V, Pagano D, Paić G, Pan J, Pandey AK, Panebianco S, Pareek P, Park J, Parkkila JE, Parmar S, Pathak SP, Patra RN, Paul B, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng X, Pereira LG, Pereira Da Costa H, Peresunko D, Perez GM, Perez Lezama E, Peskov V, Pestov Y, Petráček V, Petrovici M, Pezzi RP, Piano S, Pikna M, Pillot P, Pinazza O, Pinsky L, Pinto C, Pisano S, Pistone D, Płoskoń M, Planinic M, Pliquett F, Pluta J, Pochybova S, Poghosyan MG, Polichtchouk B, Poljak N, Pop A, Poppenborg H, Porteboeuf-Houssais S, Pozdniakov V, Prasad SK, Preghenella R, Prino F, Pruneau CA, Pshenichnov I, Puccio M, Putschke J, Quishpe RE, Ragoni S, Raha S, Rajput S, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramello L, Rami F, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Räsänen SS, Rath R, Ratza V, Ravasenga I, Read KF, Redlich K, Rehman A, Reichelt P, Reidt F, Ren X, Renfordt R, Rescakova Z, Revol JP, Reygers K, Riabov V, Richert T, Richter M, Riedler P, Riegler W, Riggi F, Ristea C, Rode SP, Rodríguez Cahuantzi M, Røed K, Rogalev R, Rogochaya E, Rohr D, Röhrich D, Rokita PS, Ronchetti F, Rosas ED, Roslon K, Rossi A, Rotondi A, Roy A, Roy P, Rueda OV, Rui R, Rumyantsev B, Rustamov A, Ryabinkin E, Ryabov Y, Rybicki A, Rytkonen H, Saarimaki OAM, Sadhu S, Sadovsky S, Šafařík K, Saha SK, Sahoo B, Sahoo P, Sahoo R, Sahoo S, Sahu PK, Saini J, Sakai S, Sambyal S, Samsonov V, Sarkar D, Sarkar N, Sarma P, Sarti VM, Sas MHP, Scapparone E, Schaefer B, Schambach J, Scheid HS, Schiaua C, Schicker R, Schmah A, Schmidt C, Schmidt HR, Schmidt MO, Schmidt M, Schmidt NV, Schmier AR, Schukraft J, Schutz Y, Schwarz K, Schweda K, Scioli G, Scomparin E, Šefčík M, Seger JE, Sekiguchi Y, Sekihata D, Selyuzhenkov I, Senyukov S, Serebryakov D, Serradilla E, Sevcenco A, Shabanov A, Shabetai A, Shahoyan R, Shaikh W, Shangaraev A, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma H, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sheikh AI, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shirinkin S, Shou Q, Sibiriak Y, Siddhanta S, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Simatovic G, Simonetti G, Singh R, Singh R, Singh R, Singh VK, Singhal V, Sinha T, Sitar B, Sitta M, Skaali TB, Slupecki M, Smirnov N, Snellings RJM, Snellman TW, Soncco C, Song J, Songmoolnak A, Soramel F, Sorensen S, Sputowska I, Stachel J, Stan I, Stankus P, Steffanic PJ, Stenlund E, Stocco D, Storetvedt MM, Stritto LD, Suaide AAP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Suleymanov M, Suljic M, Sultanov R, Šumbera M, Sumowidagdo S, Swain S, Szabo A, Szarka I, Tabassam U, Taillepied G, Takahashi J, Tambave GJ, Tang S, Tarhini M, Tarzila MG, Tauro A, Tejeda Muñoz G, Telesca A, Terrevoli C, Thakur D, Thakur S, Thomas D, Thoresen F, Tieulent R, Tikhonov A, Timmins AR, Toia A, Topilskaya N, Toppi M, Torales-Acosta F, Torres SR, Trifiro A, Tripathy S, Tripathy T, Trogolo S, Trombetta G, Tropp L, Trubnikov V, Trzaska WH, Trzcinski TP, Trzeciak BA, Tsuji T, Tumkin A, Turrisi R, Tveter TS, Ullaland K, Umaka EN, Uras A, Usai GL, Utrobicic A, Vala M, Valle N, Vallero S, van der Kolk N, van Doremalen LVR, van Leeuwen M, Vande Vyvre P, Varga D, Varga Z, Varga-Kofarago M, Vargas A, Vasileiou M, Vasiliev A, Vázquez Doce O, Vechernin V, Veen AM, Vercellin E, Vergara Limón S, Vermunt L, Vernet R, Vértesi R, Vickovic L, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Villatoro Tello A, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Weiser DF, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Winn M, Witt WE, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zherebchevskii V, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zimmermann MB, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Probing the Effects of Strong Electromagnetic Fields with Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:022301. [PMID: 32701333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The first measurement at the LHC of charge-dependent directed flow (v_{1}) relative to the spectator plane is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. Results are reported for charged hadrons and D^{0} mesons for the transverse momentum intervals p_{T}>0.2 GeV/c and 3<p_{T}<6 GeV/c in the 5%-40% and 10%-40% centrality classes, respectively. The difference between the positively and negatively charged hadron v_{1} has a positive slope as a function of pseudorapidity η, dΔv_{1}/dη=[1.68±0.49(stat)±0.41(syst)]×10^{-4}. The same measurement for D^{0} and D[over ¯]^{0} mesons yields a positive value dΔv_{1}/dη=[4.9±1.7(stat)±0.6(syst)]×10^{-1}, which is about 3 orders of magnitude larger than the one of the charged hadrons. These measurements can provide new insights into the effects of the strong electromagnetic field and the initial tilt of matter created in noncentral heavy ion collisions on the dynamics of light (u, d, and s) and heavy (c) quarks. The large difference between the observed Δv_{1} of charged hadrons and D^{0} mesons may reflect different sensitivity of the charm and light quarks to the early time dynamics of a heavy ion collision. These observations challenge some recent theoretical calculations, which predicted a negative and an order of magnitude smaller value of dΔv_{1}/dη for both light flavor and charmed hadrons.
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andrews HA, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anwar R, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bell Hechavarria ADC, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boi S, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broz M, Brucken EJ, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Buxton JT, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cindolo F, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cui P, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das P, Das P, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, Deb S, Debjani B, Degenhardt HF, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Devetak D, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Dixit DU, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Eikeland VN, Elia D, Engel H, Epple E, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Eulisse G, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fan F, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Frankenfeld U, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garibli A, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glässel P, Goméz Coral DM, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Zamora P, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hasenbichler JA, Hassan H, Hatzifotiadou D, Hauer P, Hayashi S, Heckel ST, Hellbär E, Helstrup H, Herghelegiu A, Herman T, Hernandez EG, Herrera Corral G, Herrmann F, Hetland KF, Hilden TE, Hillemanns H, Hills C, Hippolyte B, Hohlweger B, Horak D, Hornung A, Hornung S, Hosokawa R, Hristov P, Huang C, Hughes C, Huhn P, Humanic TJ, Hushnud H, Husova LA, Hussain N, Hussain SA, Hutter D, Iddon JP, Ilkaev R, Inaba M, Innocenti GM, Ippolitov M, Isakov A, Islam MS, Ivanov M, Ivanov V, Izucheev V, Jacak B, Jacazio N, Jacobs PM, Jadlovska S, Jadlovsky J, Jaelani S, Jahnke C, Jakubowska MJ, Janik MA, Janson T, Jercic M, Jevons O, Jin M, Jonas F, Jones PG, Jung J, Jung M, Jusko A, Kalinak P, Kalweit A, Kaplin V, Kar S, Karasu Uysal A, Karavichev O, Karavicheva T, Karczmarczyk P, Karpechev E, Kazantsev A, Kebschull U, Keidel R, Keil M, Ketzer B, Khabanova Z, Khan AM, Khan S, Khan SA, Khanzadeev A, Kharlov Y, Khatun A, Khuntia A, Kileng B, Kim B, Kim B, Kim D, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim H, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, Kim M, Kim S, Kim T, Kim T, Kirsch S, Kisel I, Kiselev S, Kisiel A, Klay JL, Klein C, Klein J, Klein S, Klein-Bösing C, Kleiner M, Kluge A, Knichel ML, Knospe AG, Kobdaj C, Köhler MK, Kollegger T, Kondratyev A, Kondratyeva N, Kondratyuk E, Konig J, Konopka PJ, Koska L, Kovalenko O, Kovalenko V, Kowalski M, Králik I, Kravčáková A, Kreis L, Krivda M, Krizek F, Krizkova Gajdosova K, Krüger M, Kryshen E, Krzewicki M, Kubera AM, Kučera V, Kuhn C, Kuijer PG, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kundu S, Kurashvili P, Kurepin A, Kurepin AB, Kuryakin A, Kushpil S, Kvapil J, Kweon MJ, Kwon JY, Kwon Y, La Pointe SL, La Rocca P, Lai YS, Langoy R, Lapidus K, Lardeux A, Larionov P, Laudi E, Lavicka R, Lazareva T, Lea R, Leardini L, Lee J, Lee S, Lehas F, Lehner S, Lehrbach J, Lemmon RC, León Monzón I, Lesser ED, Lettrich M, Lévai P, Li X, Li XL, Lien J, Lietava R, Lim B, Lindenstruth V, Lindsay SW, Lippmann C, Lisa MA, Litichevskyi V, Liu A, Liu S, Llope WJ, Lofnes IM, Loginov V, Loizides C, Loncar P, Lopez X, López Torres E, Luhder JR, Lunardon M, Luparello G, Ma Y, Maevskaya A, Mager M, Mahmood SM, Mahmoud T, Maire A, Majka RD, Malaev M, Malik QW, Malinina L, Mal'Kevich D, Malzacher P, Mandaglio G, Manko V, Manso F, Manzari V, Mao Y, Marchisone M, Mareš J, Margagliotti GV, Margotti A, Margutti J, Marín A, Markert C, Marquard M, Martin NA, Martinengo P, Martinez JL, Martínez MI, Martínez García G, Martinez Pedreira M, Masciocchi S, Masera M, Masoni A, Massacrier L, Masson E, Mastroserio A, Mathis AM, Matonoha O, Matuoka PFT, Matyja A, Mayer C, Mazzilli M, Mazzoni MA, Mechler AF, Meddi F, Melikyan Y, Menchaca-Rocha A, Mengke C, Meninno E, Meres M, Mhlanga S, Miake Y, Micheletti L, Mihaylov DL, Mikhaylov K, Mischke A, Mishra AN, Miśkowiec D, Modak A, Mohammadi N, Mohanty AP, Mohanty B, Mohisin Khan M, Mordasini C, Moreira De Godoy DA, Moreno LAP, Morozov I, Morsch A, Mrnjavac T, Muccifora V, Mudnic E, Mühlheim D, Muhuri S, Mulligan JD, Munhoz MG, Munzer RH, Murakami H, Murray S, Musa L, Musinsky J, Myers CJ, Myrcha JW, Naik B, Nair R, Nandi BK, Nania R, Nappi E, Naru MU, Nassirpour AF, Nattrass C, Nayak R, Nayak TK, Nazarenko S, Neagu A, Negrao De Oliveira RA, Nellen L, Nesbo SV, Neskovic G, Nesterov D, Neumann LT, Nielsen BS, Nikolaev S, Nikulin S, Nikulin V, Noferini F, Nomokonov P, Norman J, Novitzky N, Nowakowski P, Nyanin A, Nystrand J, Ogino M, Ohlson A, Oleniacz J, Oliveira Da Silva AC, Oliver MH, Oppedisano C, Orava R, Ortiz Velasquez A, Oskarsson A, Otwinowski J, Oyama K, Pachmayer Y, Pacik V, Pagano D, Paić G, Pan J, Pandey AK, Panebianco S, Pareek P, Park J, Parkkila JE, Parmar S, Pathak SP, Patra RN, Paul B, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng X, Pereira LG, Pereira Da Costa H, Peresunko D, Perez GM, Perez Lezama E, Peskov V, Pestov Y, Petráček V, Petrovici M, Pezzi RP, Piano S, Pikna M, Pillot P, Pinazza O, Pinsky L, Pinto C, Pisano S, Pistone D, Płoskoń M, Planinic M, Pliquett F, Pluta J, Pochybova S, Poghosyan MG, Polichtchouk B, Poljak N, Pop A, Poppenborg H, Porteboeuf-Houssais S, Pozdniakov V, Prasad SK, Preghenella R, Prino F, Pruneau CA, Pshenichnov I, Puccio M, Putschke J, Quishpe RE, Ragoni S, Raha S, Rajput S, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramello L, Rami F, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Räsänen SS, Rath R, Ratza V, Ravasenga I, Read KF, Redlich K, Rehman A, Reichelt P, Reidt F, Ren X, Renfordt R, Rescakova Z, Revol JP, Reygers K, Riabov V, Richert T, Richter M, Riedler P, Riegler W, Riggi F, Ristea C, Rode SP, Rodríguez Cahuantzi M, Røed K, Rogalev R, Rogochaya E, Rohr D, Röhrich D, Rokita PS, Ronchetti F, Rosas ED, Roslon K, Rossi A, Rotondi A, Roy A, Roy P, Rueda OV, Rui R, Rumyantsev B, Rustamov A, Ryabinkin E, Ryabov Y, Rybicki A, Rytkonen H, Saarimaki OAM, Sadhu S, Sadovsky S, Šafařík K, Saha SK, Sahoo B, Sahoo P, Sahoo R, Sahoo S, Sahu PK, Saini J, Sakai S, Sambyal S, Samsonov V, Sarkar D, Sarkar N, Sarma P, Sarti VM, Sas MHP, Scapparone E, Schaefer B, Schambach J, Scheid HS, Schiaua C, Schicker R, Schmah A, Schmidt C, Schmidt HR, Schmidt MO, Schmidt M, Schmidt NV, Schmier AR, Schukraft J, Schutz Y, Schwarz K, Schweda K, Scioli G, Scomparin E, Šefčík M, Seger JE, Sekiguchi Y, Sekihata D, Selyuzhenkov I, Senyukov S, Serebryakov D, Serradilla E, Sevcenco A, Shabanov A, Shabetai A, Shahoyan R, Shaikh W, Shangaraev A, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma H, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sheikh AI, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shirinkin S, Shou Q, Sibiriak Y, Siddhanta S, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Simatovic G, Simonetti G, Singh R, Singh R, Singh R, Singh VK, Singhal V, Sinha T, Sitar B, Sitta M, Skaali TB, Slupecki M, Smirnov N, Snellings RJM, Snellman TW, Soncco C, Song J, Songmoolnak A, Soramel F, Sorensen S, Sputowska I, Stachel J, Stan I, Stankus P, Steffanic PJ, Stenlund E, Stocco D, Storetvedt MM, Stritto LD, Suaide AAP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Suleymanov M, Suljic M, Sultanov R, Šumbera M, Sumowidagdo S, Swain S, Szabo A, Szarka I, Tabassam U, Taillepied G, Takahashi J, Tambave GJ, Tang S, Tarhini M, Tarzila MG, Tauro A, Tejeda Muñoz G, Telesca A, Terrevoli C, Thakur D, Thakur S, Thomas D, Thoresen F, Tieulent R, Tikhonov A, Timmins AR, Toia A, Topilskaya N, Toppi M, Torales-Acosta F, Torres SR, Trifiro A, Tripathy S, Tripathy T, Trogolo S, Trombetta G, Tropp L, Trubnikov V, Trzaska WH, Trzcinski TP, Trzeciak BA, Tsuji T, Tumkin A, Turrisi R, Tveter TS, Ullaland K, Umaka EN, Uras A, Usai GL, Utrobicic A, Vala M, Valle N, Vallero S, van der Kolk N, van Doremalen LVR, van Leeuwen M, Vande Vyvre P, Varga D, Varga Z, Varga-Kofarago M, Vargas A, Vasileiou M, Vasiliev A, Vázquez Doce O, Vechernin V, Veen AM, Vercellin E, Vergara Limón S, Vermunt L, Vernet R, Vértesi R, Vickovic L, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Villatoro Tello A, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Weiser DF, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Winn M, Witt WE, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zherebchevskii V, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zimmermann MB, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Evidence of Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum Interactions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:012301. [PMID: 32678650 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.012301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The first evidence of spin alignment of vector mesons (K^{*0} and ϕ) in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is reported. The spin density matrix element ρ_{00} is measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) of 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector. ρ_{00} values are found to be less than 1/3 (1/3 implies no spin alignment) at low transverse momentum (p_{T}<2 GeV/c) for K^{*0} and ϕ at a level of 3σ and 2σ, respectively. No significant spin alignment is observed for the K_{S}^{0} meson (spin=0) in Pb-Pb collisions and for the vector mesons in pp collisions. The measured spin alignment is unexpectedly large but qualitatively consistent with the expectation from models which attribute it to a polarization of quarks in the presence of angular momentum in heavy-ion collisions and a subsequent hadronization by the process of recombination.
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Norris AH, Chakraborty P, Lang K, Hood RB, Hayford SR, Keder L, Bessett D, Smith MH, Hill BJ, Broscoe M, Norwood C, McGowan ML. Abortion Access in Ohio's Changing Legislative Context, 2010-2018. Am J Public Health 2020; 110:1228-1234. [PMID: 32437269 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2020.305706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To examine abortion utilization in Ohio from 2010 to 2018, a period when more than 15 abortion-related laws became effective.Methods. We evaluated changes in abortion rates and ratios examining gestation, geographic distribution, and abortion method in Ohio from 2010 to 2018. We used data from Ohio's Office of Vital Statistics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Abortion Surveillance Reports, the American Community Survey, and Ohio's Public Health Data Warehouse.Results. During 2010 through 2018, abortion rates declined similarly in Ohio, the Midwest, and the United States. In Ohio, the proportion of early first trimester abortions decreased; the proportion of abortions increased in nearly every later gestation category. Abortion ratios decreased sharply in most rural counties. When clinics closed, abortion ratios dropped in nearby counties.Conclusions. More Ohioans had abortions later in the first trimester, compared with national patterns, suggesting delays to care. Steeper decreases in abortion ratios in rural versus urban counties suggest geographic inequity in abortion access.Public Health Implications. Policies restricting abortion access in Ohio co-occur with delays to care and increasing geographic inequities. Restrictive policies do not improve reproductive health.
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adhya SP, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Aiola S, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andrews HA, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anwar R, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bailhache R, Bala R, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Baral RC, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Batzing PC, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Bonora M, Borel H, Borissov A, Borri M, Bossi H, Botta E, Bourjau C, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broker TA, Broz M, Brucken EJ, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Busch O, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Buxton JT, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang B, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Cicalo C, Cifarelli L, Cindolo F, Cleymans J, Colamaria F, Colella D, Collu A, Colocci M, Concas M, Conesa Balbastre G, Conesa Del Valle Z, Contin G, Contreras JG, Cormier TM, Corrales Morales Y, Cortese P, Cosentino MR, Costa F, Costanza S, Crkovská J, Crochet P, Cuautle E, Cunqueiro L, Dabrowski D, Dahms T, Dainese A, Damas FPA, Dani S, Danisch MC, Danu A, Das D, Das I, Das S, Dash A, Dash S, Dashi A, De S, De Caro A, de Cataldo G, de Conti C, de Cuveland J, De Falco A, De Gruttola D, De Marco N, De Pasquale S, De Souza RD, Deb S, Degenhardt HF, Deisting A, Deja KR, Deloff A, Delsanto S, Dhankher P, Di Bari D, Di Mauro A, Diaz RA, Dietel T, Dillenseger P, Ding Y, Divià R, Djuvsland Ø, Dmitrieva U, Dobrin A, Dönigus B, Dordic O, Dubey AK, Dubla A, Dudi S, Duggal AK, Dukhishyam M, Dupieux P, Ehlers RJ, Elia D, Engel H, Epple E, Erazmus B, Erhardt F, Erokhin A, Ersdal MR, Espagnon B, Eulisse G, Eum J, Evans D, Evdokimov S, Fabbietti L, Faggin M, Faivre J, Fantoni A, Fasel M, Fecchio P, Feldkamp L, Feliciello A, Feofilov G, Fernández Téllez A, Ferrero A, Ferretti A, Festanti A, Feuillard VJG, Figiel J, Filchagin S, Finogeev D, Fionda FM, Fiorenza G, Flor F, Foertsch S, Foka P, Fokin S, Fragiacomo E, Francisco A, Frankenfeld U, Fronze GG, Fuchs U, Furget C, Furs A, Fusco Girard M, Gaardhøje JJ, Gagliardi M, Gago AM, Gal A, Galvan CD, Ganoti P, Garabatos C, Garcia-Solis E, Garg K, Gargiulo C, Garner K, Gasik P, Gauger EF, Gay Ducati MB, Germain M, Ghosh J, Ghosh P, Ghosh SK, Gianotti P, Giubellino P, Giubilato P, Glässel P, Goméz Coral DM, Gomez Ramirez A, Gonzalez V, González-Zamora P, Gorbunov S, Görlich L, Gotovac S, Grabski V, Graczykowski LK, Graham KL, Greiner L, Grelli A, Grigoras C, Grigoriev V, Grigoryan A, Grigoryan S, Groettvik OS, Gronefeld JM, Grosa F, Grosse-Oetringhaus JF, Grosso R, Guernane R, Guerzoni B, Guittiere M, Gulbrandsen K, Gunji T, Gupta A, Gupta R, Guzman IB, Haake R, Habib MK, Hadjidakis C, Hamagaki H, Hamar G, Hamid M, Hamon JC, Hannigan R, Haque MR, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, Harton A, Hassan H, Hatzifotiadou D, Hauer P, Hayashi S, Heckel ST, Hellbär E, Helstrup H, Herghelegiu A, Hernandez EG, Herrera Corral G, Herrmann F, Hetland KF, Hilden TE, Hillemanns H, Hills C, Hippolyte B, Hohlweger B, Horak D, Hornung S, Hosokawa R, Hristov P, Huang C, Hughes C, Huhn P, Humanic TJ, Hushnud H, Husova LA, Hussain N, Hussain SA, Hussain T, Hutter D, Hwang DS, Iddon JP, Ilkaev R, Inaba M, Ippolitov M, Islam MS, Ivanov M, Ivanov V, Izucheev V, Jacak B, Jacazio N, Jacobs PM, Jadhav MB, Jadlovska S, Jadlovsky J, Jaelani S, Jahnke C, Jakubowska MJ, Janik MA, Jercic M, Jevons O, Jimenez Bustamante RT, Jin M, Jonas F, Jones PG, Jusko A, Kalinak P, Kalweit A, Kang JH, Kaplin V, Kar S, Karasu Uysal A, Karavichev O, Karavicheva T, Karczmarczyk P, Karpechev E, Kebschull U, Keidel R, Keil M, Ketzer B, Khabanova Z, Khan AM, Khan S, Khan SA, Khanzadeev A, Kharlov Y, Khatun A, Khuntia A, Kileng B, Kim B, Kim B, Kim D, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim H, Kim JS, Kim J, Kim J, Kim J, Kim M, Kim S, Kim T, Kim T, Kindra K, Kirsch S, Kisel I, Kiselev S, Kisiel A, Klay JL, Klein C, Klein J, Klein S, Klein-Bösing C, Klewin S, Kluge A, Knichel ML, Knospe AG, Kobdaj C, Köhler MK, Kollegger T, Kondratyev A, Kondratyeva N, Kondratyuk E, Konopka PJ, Koska L, Kovalenko O, Kovalenko V, Kowalski M, Králik I, Kravčáková A, Kreis L, Krivda M, Krizek F, Krizkova Gajdosova K, Krüger M, Kryshen E, Krzewicki M, Kubera AM, Kučera V, Kuhn C, Kuijer PG, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kundu S, Kurashvili P, Kurepin A, Kurepin AB, Kushpil S, Kvapil J, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, La Pointe SL, La Rocca P, Lai YS, Langoy R, Lapidus K, Lardeux A, Larionov P, Laudi E, Lavicka R, Lazareva T, Lea R, Leardini L, Lee S, Lehas F, Lehner S, Lehrbach J, Lemmon RC, León Monzón I, Lesser ED, Lettrich M, Lévai P, Li X, Li XL, Lien J, Lietava R, Lim B, Lindal S, Lindenstruth V, Lindsay SW, Lippmann C, Lisa MA, Litichevskyi V, Liu A, Liu S, Ljunggren HM, Llope WJ, Lofnes IM, Loginov V, Loizides C, Loncar P, Lopez X, López Torres E, Luettig P, Luhder JR, Lunardon M, Luparello G, Lupi M, Maevskaya A, Mager M, Mahmood SM, Mahmoud T, Maire A, Majka RD, Malaev M, Malik QW, Malinina L, Mal'Kevich D, Malzacher P, Mamonov A, Manko V, Manso F, Manzari V, Mao Y, Marchisone M, Mareš J, Margagliotti GV, Margotti A, Margutti J, Marín A, Markert C, Marquard M, Martin NA, Martinengo P, Martinez JL, Martínez MI, Martínez García G, Martinez Pedreira M, Masciocchi S, Masera M, Masoni A, Massacrier L, Masson E, Mastroserio A, Mathis AM, Matuoka PFT, Matyja A, Mayer C, Mazzilli M, Mazzoni MA, Mechler AF, Meddi F, Melikyan Y, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meninno E, Meres M, Mhlanga S, Miake Y, Micheletti L, Mieskolainen MM, Mihaylov DL, Mikhaylov K, Mischke A, Mishra AN, Miśkowiec D, Mitu CM, Mohammadi N, Mohanty AP, Mohanty B, Mohisin Khan M, Mondal M, Mondal MM, Mordasini C, Moreira De Godoy DA, Moreno LAP, Moretto S, Morreale A, Morsch A, Mrnjavac T, Muccifora V, Mudnic E, Mühlheim D, Muhuri S, Mulligan JD, Munhoz MG, Münning K, Munzer RH, Murakami H, Murray S, Musa L, Musinsky J, Myers CJ, Myrcha JW, Naik B, Nair R, Nandi BK, Nania R, Nappi E, Naru MU, Nassirpour AF, Natal da Luz H, Nattrass C, Nayak R, Nayak TK, Nazarenko S, Negrao De Oliveira RA, Nellen L, Nesbo SV, Neskovic G, Nielsen BS, Nikolaev S, Nikulin S, Nikulin V, Noferini F, Nomokonov P, Nooren G, Norman J, Nowakowski P, Nyanin A, Nystrand J, Ogino M, Ohlson A, Oleniacz J, Oliveira Da Silva AC, Oliver MH, Onderwaater J, Oppedisano C, Orava R, Ortiz Velasquez A, Oskarsson A, Otwinowski J, Oyama K, Pachmayer Y, Pacik V, Pagano D, Paić G, Palni P, Pan J, Pandey AK, Panebianco S, Papikyan V, Pareek P, Park J, Parkkila JE, Parmar S, Passfeld A, Pathak SP, Patra RN, Paul B, Pei H, Peitzmann T, Peng X, Pereira LG, Pereira Da Costa H, Peresunko D, Perez GM, Perez Lezama E, Peskov V, Pestov Y, Petráček V, Petrovici M, Pezzi RP, Piano S, Pikna M, Pillot P, Pimentel LODL, Pinazza O, Pinsky L, Pisano S, Piyarathna DB, Płoskoń M, Planinic M, Pliquett F, Pluta J, Pochybova S, Poghosyan MG, Polichtchouk B, Poljak N, Poonsawat W, Pop A, Poppenborg H, Porteboeuf-Houssais S, Pozdniakov V, Prasad SK, Preghenella R, Prino F, Pruneau CA, Pshenichnov I, Puccio M, Punin V, Puranapanda K, Putschke J, Quishpe RE, Ragoni S, Raha S, Rajput S, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramello L, Rami F, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Räsänen SS, Rascanu BT, Rath R, Ratza V, Ravasenga I, Read KF, Redlich K, Rehman A, Reichelt P, Reidt F, Ren X, Renfordt R, Reshetin A, Revol JP, Reygers K, Riabov V, Richert T, Richter M, Riedler P, Riegler W, Riggi F, Ristea C, Rode SP, Rodríguez Cahuantzi M, Røed K, Rogalev R, Rogochaya E, Rohr D, Röhrich D, Rokita PS, Ronchetti F, Rosas ED, Roslon K, Rosnet P, Rossi A, Rotondi A, Roukoutakis F, Roy A, Roy P, Rueda OV, Rui R, Rumyantsev B, Rustamov A, Ryabinkin E, Ryabov Y, Rybicki A, Rytkonen H, Saarinen S, Sadhu S, Sadovsky S, Šafařík K, Saha SK, Sahoo B, Sahoo P, Sahoo R, Sahoo S, Sahu PK, Saini J, Sakai S, Sambyal S, Samsonov V, Sandoval A, Sarkar A, Sarkar D, Sarkar N, Sarma P, Sarti VM, Sas MHP, Scapparone E, Schaefer B, Schambach J, Scheid HS, Schiaua C, Schicker R, Schmah A, Schmidt C, Schmidt HR, Schmidt MO, Schmidt M, Schmidt NV, Schmier AR, Schukraft J, Schutz Y, Schwarz K, Schweda K, Scioli G, Scomparin E, Šefčík M, Seger JE, Sekiguchi Y, Sekihata D, Selyuzhenkov I, Senyukov S, Serradilla E, Sett P, Sevcenco A, Shabanov A, Shabetai A, Shahoyan R, Shaikh W, Shangaraev A, Sharma A, Sharma A, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sheikh AI, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shirinkin S, Shou Q, Sibiriak Y, Siddhanta S, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Simatovic G, Simonetti G, Singh R, Singh R, Singh VK, Singhal V, Sinha T, Sitar B, Sitta M, Skaali TB, Slupecki M, Smirnov N, Snellings RJM, Snellman TW, Sochan J, Soncco C, Song J, Songmoolnak A, Soramel F, Sorensen S, Sputowska I, Stachel J, Stan I, Stankus P, Steffanic PJ, Stenlund E, Stocco D, Storetvedt MM, Strmen P, Suaide AAP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Suleymanov M, Suljic M, Sultanov R, Šumbera M, Sumowidagdo S, Suzuki K, Swain S, Szabo A, Szarka I, Tabassam U, Taillepied G, Takahashi J, Tambave GJ, Tang S, Tarhini M, Tarzila MG, Tauro A, Tejeda Muñoz G, Telesca A, Terrevoli C, Thakur D, Thakur S, Thomas D, Thoresen F, Tieulent R, Tikhonov A, Timmins AR, Toia A, Topilskaya N, Toppi M, Torales-Acosta F, Torres SR, Tripathy S, Tripathy T, Trogolo S, Trombetta G, Tropp L, Trubnikov V, Trzaska WH, Trzcinski TP, Trzeciak BA, Tsuji T, Tumkin A, Turrisi R, Tveter TS, Ullaland K, Umaka EN, Uras A, Usai GL, Utrobicic A, Vala M, Valle N, Vallero S, van der Kolk N, van Doremalen LVR, van Leeuwen M, Vande Vyvre P, Varga D, Varga-Kofarago M, Vargas A, Vargyas M, Varma R, Vasileiou M, Vasiliev A, Vázquez Doce O, Vechernin V, Veen AM, Vercellin E, Vergara Limón S, Vermunt L, Vernet R, Vértesi R, Vickovic L, Viinikainen J, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Villatoro Tello A, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Watanabe Y, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Weiser DF, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Westerhoff U, Whitehead AM, Widmann E, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Witt WE, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Zherebchevskii V, Zhigareva N, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zimmermann MB, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Scattering Studies with Low-Energy Kaon-Proton Femtoscopy in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:092301. [PMID: 32202883 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (K[over ¯]N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation function at low pair-frame relative momentum of (K^{+}p⊕K^{-}p[over ¯]) and (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}p[over ¯]) pairs measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=5, 7, and 13 TeV are reported. A structure observed around a relative momentum of 58 MeV/c in the measured correlation function of (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}p[over ¯]) with a significance of 4.4σ constitutes the first experimental evidence for the opening of the (K[over ¯]^{0}n⊕K^{0}n[over ¯]) isospin breaking channel due to the mass difference between charged and neutral kaons. The measured correlation functions have been compared to Jülich and Kyoto models in addition to the Coulomb potential. The high-precision data at low relative momenta presented in this work prove femtoscopy to be a powerful complementary tool to scattering experiments and provide new constraints above the K[over ¯]N threshold for low-energy QCD chiral models.
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Verbeeten KC, Lamhonwah AM, Bulman D, Faghfoury H, Chakraborty P, Tein I, Geraghty MT. Carnitine uptake defect due to a 5'UTR mutation in a pedigree with false positives and false negatives on Newborn screening. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:213-218. [PMID: 31864849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine Uptake Defect (CUD) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the SLC22A5 gene. Classically patients present in infancy with profound muscle weakness and cardiomyopathy with characteristic EKG findings. Later presentations include recurrent hypoketotic hypoglycemia, proximal limb girdle myopathy,and/or recurrent muscle pain. Newborn screening detects most of these clinical variants but in addition has identified maternal CUD often in asymptomatic women. We describe a family ascertained through 3 newborn screening (NBS) positive infants found to be unaffected themselves but in whom the mothers (sisters) were affected. There were also two affected children born to an affected male and his heterozygous wife who were false negatives on NBS but had increased fractional excretion of free carnitine in the urine. Analysis on a Next Generation Sequencing panel specifically designed to fully cover newborn screening disease targets showed a homozygous change in the five probands (SLC22A5; NM_003060:c.-149G > A; p.?). The mutation segregates with the CUD within the family. It is in the 5' UTR and has a frequency within the gnomAd database of 0.001198. Plasma carnitine was decreased and fractional excretion of free carnitine was increased in all affected individuals. Functional carnitine uptake studies in cultured skin fibroblasts of one proband showed carnitine uptake at the 5 μM concentration to be 6% of controls. Relative expression of OCTN2 mRNA to beta-actin mRNA by qRT-PCR was increased in a proband relative to controls by a factor of 465-fold. Western blotting revealed a 120 kDa protein band, as well as a weaker 240 kDa band in the proband, the significance of which is unknown at this time.
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Chakraborty P, Norris AH, Huber-Krum S, Garver S, Hood RB, Banda V, Esber A, Patricia CR, Krysiak R, Turner AN. An Assessment of Risk Factors for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in Malawian Women Using 2 Classifications for the HerpeSelect 2 Test. Sex Transm Dis 2020; 47:192-196. [PMID: 31876866 PMCID: PMC7816111 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The HerpeSelect 2 ELISA IgG test for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is widely used, convenient, and inexpensive. However, it has been shown to have lower specificity among populations in Sub-Saharan Africa compared with HSV-2 tests regarded as criterion standards. METHODS In 2016, we collected blood and survey data from 248 women participating in a community-based cohort study in rural Malawi (the Umoyo wa Thanzi project). Using multinomial logistic regression accounting for village-level clustering, we examined unadjusted associations between select demographic and sexual risk factors and HSV-2 serostatus. Because increasing the index value cutpoint for a positive result improves specificity, we coded HSV-2 serostatus in 2 ways: the manufacturer's recommended cutpoints (<0.9, negative; 0.9-1.1, indeterminate; >1.1, positive) and modified cutpoints with improved specificity (<0.9, negative; 0.9-3.5, indeterminate; >3.5, positive). We aimed to investigate whether associations between select risk factors and HSV-2 serostatus varied under the 2 approaches. RESULTS The prevalence of HSV-2 in this sample was 67% under the manufacturer's cutpoint and 22% under the modified cutpoint. Under both cutpoints, age, household size, number of marriages, and number of pregnancies were associated with HSV-2-positive serostatus. Using modified cutpoints, current bacterial vaginosis (odds ratio [OR], 3.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-7.47), partner concurrency (OR, 4.88; 95% CI, 2.54-9.37) and unsure about partner concurrency (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.08-3.38) were associated with HSV-2 seropositivity. Household size, education, and marital status were the only variables significantly associated with indeterminate HSV-2 serostatus using the modified cutpoints. CONCLUSION HSV-2-focused interventions informed by identifying individuals likely to have or acquire HSV-2 must be aware that different target populations may emerge depending on which cutpoints are adopted.
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Balogh G, Chakraborty P, Dugmonits KN, Péter M, Végh AG, Vígh L, Hermesz E. Sustained maternal smoking-associated changes in the physico-chemical properties of fetal RBC membranes might serve as early markers for vascular comorbidities. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158615. [PMID: 31926297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking-induced congenital heart and microvascular defects are closely associated with the impaired functioning of the in-utero feto-placental circulation system. Current groundbreaking facts revealed intimate crosstalk between circulating red blood cells (RBCs) and the vascular endothelium. Thus, RBCs have become the protagonists under varied pathological and adverse pro-oxidative cellular stress conditions. We isolated and screened fetal RBCs from the arterial cord blood of neonates, born to non-smoking (RBC-NS) and smoking mothers (RBC-S), assuming that parameters of fetal RBCs are blueprints of conditions experienced in-utero. Using atomic force microscopy and mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics in the RBC-S population we revealed induced membrane stiffness, loss in intrinsic plastic activities and several abnormalities in their membrane-lipid composition, that could consequently result in perturbed hemodynamic flow movements. Altogether, these features are indicative of the outcome of neonatal microvascular complications and suggest unavailability for the potential rescue mechanism in cases of vascular endothelium impairment due to altered membrane integrity and rheological properties.
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Kumar M, Panigrahi A, Mondal P, De R, Datta S, Dolai T, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharyya M, Ghosh M. Inherited and acquired thrombophilia as a modifier of clinical course of chronic immune thrombocytopenia. JOURNAL OF APPLIED HEMATOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_75_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Acharya S, Adamová D, Adhya SP, Adler A, Adolfsson J, Aggarwal MM, Aglieri Rinella G, Agnello M, Agrawal N, Ahammed Z, Ahmad S, Ahn SU, Akindinov A, Al-Turany M, Alam SN, Albuquerque DSD, Aleksandrov D, Alessandro B, Alfanda HM, Alfaro Molina R, Ali B, Ali Y, Alici A, Alkin A, Alme J, Alt T, Altenkamper L, Altsybeev I, Anaam MN, Andrei C, Andreou D, Andrews HA, Andronic A, Angeletti M, Anguelov V, Anson C, Antičić T, Antinori F, Antonioli P, Anwar R, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelshäuser H, Arcelli S, Arnaldi R, Arratia M, Arsene IC, Arslandok M, Augustinus A, Averbeck R, Aziz S, Azmi MD, Badalà A, Baek YW, Bagnasco S, Bai X, Bailhache R, Bala R, Baldisseri A, Ball M, Balouza S, Baral RC, Barbera R, Barioglio L, Barnaföldi GG, Barnby LS, Barret V, Bartalini P, Barth K, Bartsch E, Baruffaldi F, Bastid N, Basu S, Batigne G, Batyunya B, Batzing PC, Bauri D, Bazo Alba JL, Bearden IG, Bedda C, Behera NK, Belikov I, Bellini F, Bellwied R, Belyaev V, Bencedi G, Beole S, Bercuci A, Berdnikov Y, Berenyi D, Bertens RA, Berzano D, Besoiu MG, Betev L, Bhasin A, Bhat IR, Bhat MA, Bhatt H, Bhattacharjee B, Bianchi A, Bianchi L, Bianchi N, Bielčík J, Bielčíková J, Bilandzic A, Biro G, Biswas R, Biswas S, Blair JT, Blau D, Blume C, Boca G, Bock F, Bogdanov A, Boldizsár L, Bolozdynya A, Bombara M, Bonomi G, Borel H, Borissov A, Borri M, Bossi H, Botta E, Bratrud L, Braun-Munzinger P, Bregant M, Broker TA, Broz M, Brucken EJ, Bruna E, Bruno GE, Buckland MD, Budnikov D, Buesching H, Bufalino S, Bugnon O, Buhler P, Buncic P, Buthelezi Z, Butt JB, Buxton JT, Bysiak SA, Caffarri D, Caliva A, Calvo Villar E, Camacho RS, Camerini P, Capon AA, Carnesecchi F, Caron R, Castillo Castellanos J, Castro AJ, Casula EAR, Catalano F, Ceballos Sanchez C, Chakraborty P, Chandra S, Chang B, Chang W, Chapeland S, Chartier M, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S, Chauvin A, Cheshkov C, Cheynis B, Chibante Barroso V, Chinellato DD, Cho S, Chochula P, Chowdhury T, Christakoglou P, Christensen CH, Christiansen 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Viinikainen J, Vilakazi Z, Villalobos Baillie O, Villatoro Tello A, Vino G, Vinogradov A, Virgili T, Vislavicius V, Vodopyanov A, Volkel B, Völkl MA, Voloshin K, Voloshin SA, Volpe G, von Haller B, Vorobyev I, Voscek D, Vrláková J, Wagner B, Weber M, Weber SG, Wegrzynek A, Weiser DF, Wenzel SC, Wessels JP, Widmann E, Wiechula J, Wikne J, Wilk G, Wilkinson J, Willems GA, Willsher E, Windelband B, Witt WE, Winn M, Wu Y, Xu R, Yalcin S, Yamakawa K, Yang S, Yano S, Yin Z, Yokoyama H, Yoo IK, Yoon JH, Yuan S, Yuncu A, Yurchenko V, Zaccolo V, Zaman A, Zampolli C, Zanoli HJC, Zardoshti N, Zarochentsev A, Závada P, Zaviyalov N, Zbroszczyk H, Zhalov M, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Zherebchevskii V, Zhigareva N, Zhou D, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zichichi A, Zimmermann MB, Zinovjev G, Zurlo N. Measurement of ϒ(1S) Elliptic Flow at Forward Rapidity in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:192301. [PMID: 31765217 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.192301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The first measurement of the ϒ(1S) elliptic flow coefficient (v_{2}) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5<y<4) in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are obtained with the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) up to 15 GeV/c in the 5%-60% centrality interval. The measured ϒ(1S)v_{2} is consistent with 0 and with the small positive values predicted by transport models within uncertainties. The v_{2} coefficient in 2<p_{T}<15 GeV/c is lower than that of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the same p_{T} interval by 2.6 standard deviations. These results, combined with earlier suppression measurements, are in agreement with a scenario in which the ϒ(1S) production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is dominated by dissociation limited to the early stage of the collision, whereas in the J/ψ case there is substantial experimental evidence of an additional regeneration component.
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