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Federman J, Whitford JA, Anderson ST, Pitt A. The effect of a selective beta adrenergic blocking agent on ventricular arrhythmias in the first year following myocardial infarction. AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1980; 10:289-94. [PMID: 6996660 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-five patients with recent acute myocardial infarction entered a single-blind cross-over trial to assess the effect of oral practolol 200 mg twice daily on the incidence and nature of ventricular arrhythmias in the first year following myocardial infarction. Patients had 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram tape monitoring at two weeks following infarction and at three-monthly intervals for one year. Twenty-six patients completed the full year of the trial with 12% of tape recordings technically unsatisfactory. A total of 46 periods of comparison of the action of practolol versus placebo therapy were available in thirty patients. Whilst receiving the selective beta adrenergic blocking agent, practolol, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of studied hours during which salvos of ventricular premature beats occurred (P < 0.025), however the percentage of patients in whom salvos were recorded was unchanged. The incidence of all other ventricular arrhythmias was not reduced in the practolol group. When the effect of practolol was related to the site of infarction, anterior or inferior, there was no significant reduction in the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias.
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102
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Pitt A, Anderson ST, Habersberger PG, Rosengarten DS. Low dose heparin in the prevention of deep-vein thromboses in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1980; 99:574-8. [PMID: 7369096 DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(80)90729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acute myocardial infarction of less than 48 hours duration were randomized into three groups. The "fully anticoagulated" group received heparin by intravenous infusion and warfarin sodium to maintain a whole blood clotting time of 30 to 90 minutes and a prothrombin index of 10% to 35%. The "low dose" heparin group received 500 units by intravenous infusion every 12 hours. The control group received no anticoagulants. The radioactive fibrinogen test was used to diagnose the presence of leg vein thromboses. The control group had an incidence of venous thrombosis of 29.7% compared with 13.9% in the low dose group and 11.3% in the fully anticoagulated group. Patients in the control group who had cardiac failure had a significantly higher incidence of venous thromboses (71.4%) when compared with patients not in failure (20.0%). In the two treatment groups no significant difference was observed in patients with and without cardiac failure. Patients with cardiac failure complicating an acute myocardial infarction have a high incidence of venous thromboses. Anticoagulants significantly reduce this incidence and low dose intravenous heparin is as efficacious as full anticoagulation.
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103
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Glindmeyer HW, Anderson ST, Kern RG, Hughes J. A portable, adjustable forced vital capacity simulator for routine spirometer calibration. THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE 1980; 121:599-603. [PMID: 7416587 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1980.121.3.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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104
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Panetta D, Wong CC, Dugdale LM, Wan AT, Stirling GR, Anderson ST, Pitt A. Myocardial infarct imaging after cardiac surgery. THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF SURGERY 1979; 49:228-35. [PMID: 313786 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb04945.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and nineteen patients undergoing cardiac surgery had postoperative myocardial imaging performed with technetium pyrophosphate in order to assess the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction. Fifty-six patients had only coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, of whom 13(23%) had a positive scintigram. Thirteen patients had CABG with other cardiac surgery and six (46%) had a positive scintigram. Fifty patients had other cardiac surgery but no CABG, and of these eight (16%) had a positive scintigram. The overall incidence of positive scintigrams was 23%, whereas definite or probable ECG diagnosis of infarction was present in 14 patients (12%). Serum levels of cardiac enzymes were higher in patients with positive scintigrams, but this finding did not consistently reach statistical significance. The use of a left ventricular vent during surgery did not correlate with a positive scintigram, nor did the total time on cardiopulmonary bypass or aortic cross-clamping. Patients having cardiac surgery, including CABG and valve replacement, have a 23% overall incidence of positive scintigrams. This suggests that the incidence of infarction after cardiac surgery is higher than can be recognized from the conventional criteria of ECG and enzyme changes.
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105
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Federman J, Whitford JA, Anderson ST, Pitt A. Incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in first year after myocardial infarction. Heart 1978; 40:1243-50. [PMID: 718763 PMCID: PMC483558 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.40.11.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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106
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Glindmeyer HW, Anderson ST, Diem JE, Weill H. A comparison of the Jones and Stead-Wells spirometers. Chest 1978; 73:596-62. [PMID: 648210 DOI: 10.1378/chest.73.5.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparison was made between the noncounterweighted Jones and Stead-Wells spirometers, and "conversion factors" were determined for the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the forced vital capacity (FVC). A cross-sectional study produced a high correlation between the instruments for these two measurements, yielding quadratic and linear regression equations ("conversion factors") for FEV1 and FVC, respectively. Standard deviations of measurements were similar for both spirometers. Results from a longitudinal study agreed with the "conversion factors" predicted from the cross-sectional study; however, significant day-to-day variability was observed by both spirometers. Neither spirometer met all of the technical recommendations proposed by the Committees on Environmental Health and Respiratory Physiology of the American College of Chest Physicians; however, the Stead-Wells water-sealed spirometer complied more often than the Jones waterless spirometer (Pulmonor). In addition, the open-circuit procedure used for the Jones spirometer required more corrdination in the subject than did the closed-circuit procedure employed in this study for the Stead-Wells spirometer; however, with application of the "conversion factors," both instruments, yield comparable data and prove adequate for spirometric studies.
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107
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Federman J, Anderson ST, Rosengarten DS, Pitt A. Pulmonary embolism secondary to anomalies of deep venous system of the leg. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 1977; 39:547-52. [PMID: 861097 PMCID: PMC483273 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.39.5.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of recurrent pulmonary emboli secondary to thrombosis in anomalies of the deep veins of the lower limb are presented. In both cases the source of emboli was not evident clinically, and it was only after venography that the venous anomalies were discovered, both being confined to one limb and amenable to surgical intervention. Such anomalies have not previously been reported as sources of venous thromboembolism in adults. The importance of venography in establishing the source of pulmonary emboli, especially when recurrent, is stressed.
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108
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Kerr GD, Pitt A, Wong CC, Dugdale LM, Anderson ST. Imaging of acute myocardial infarction using technetium 99m labelled phosphate compounds. AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1977; 7:1-7. [PMID: 266887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1977.tb03346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Technetium 99m pyrophosphate or polyphosphate administered intravenously soon after acute myocardial infarction produces positive images of the area and extent of myocardial necrosis. Forty-four patients have been studied of whom 39 had myocardial infarction. There was good correlation of the site and extent of infarction as indicated by the scintigram with electrocardiogram and cardiac enzyme criteria.
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109
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Anderson ST, Davis BB. Interference with function of unipolar pacemaker due to muscle potentials. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976; 71:698-703. [PMID: 1263554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and seventy-three unipolar pulse generator systems were tested in 169 patients to determine the incidence of sensing of muscle potentials. One hundred and twenty-two implants in the pectoral region were suitable for assessment and 60 (49 per cent) demonstrated sensing. Ventricular-inhibited units sensed muscle potentials in 69 per cent (47 of 78), with 9 patients complaining of related symptoms. Ventricular-synchronous units sensed in 30 per cent (13 of 34) with no patient manifesting symptoms.
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110
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Brenner AS, Wagner GS, Anderson ST, Rosati RA, Morris JJ. Transvenous, transmediastinal, and transthoracic ventricular pacing: a comparison after complete two-year follow-up. Circulation 1974; 49:407-14. [PMID: 4813172 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.49.3.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two hundred and five patients who received a total of 247 electrode systems-129 transvenous, 68 transmediastinal and 50 transthoracic-are compared after complete uniform two-year follow-up. The transvenous patients had low hospital morbidity (19%) and short hospital stays (75% ≤ 8 days) but a high incidence of electrode failure by 24 months (38%). The transmediastinal and transthoracic patients had more hospital complications (35% and 34%) and longer periods of hospitalization (57% and 70% > 8 days) but fewer instances of failure by 24 months (16% and 11%). Most transvenous electrode failures were secondary to dislodgement. Transmediastinal right epicardial electrodes had the unique problem of threshold elevation and failure between six and 12 months after implantation as well as a high incidence of sudden death in this same period. Although the high incidence of endocardial electrode instability dictates the need for an alternative approach to permanent pacing, the failure of the transmediastinal approach to significantly alter postoperative morbidity (as compared with transthoracic electrodes) and the incidence of threshold elevation remote from right ventricular implantation suggest that limitation of thoracotomy (via the transmediastinal approach) should not take precedence over left ventricular implantation. Development of electrodes which would provide more permanent low resistance fixation to right ventricular endocardium or epicardium may be necessary before the transthoracic approach can be abandoned.
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111
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Habersberger PG, Pitt A, Anderson ST. Venous thromboses in myocardial infarction. Comparison in heparin dosage. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 1973; 35:538-42. [PMID: 4716014 PMCID: PMC458651 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.35.5.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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112
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Bett JH, Anderson ST. Plastic chatheter embolism to the right heart. A technique of non-surgical removal. Med J Aust 1971; 2:854-6. [PMID: 5117287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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113
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114
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Lipp H, Anderson ST, Pitt A. Long-term pacing in the management of bradyarrhythmias. Seven years' experience. Med J Aust 1971; 1:574-82. [PMID: 4994447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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115
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Lipp H, Pitt A, Anderson ST, Zimmet R. Recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias in a patient with a prolonged Q-T interval. Med J Aust 1970; 1:1296-9. [PMID: 4393680 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1970.tb84591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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116
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Anderson ST, Pitt A, Zimmet R, Kay HB, Morris KN. A case of bi-atrial myxomas with successful surgical removal. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970; 59:768-73. [PMID: 5446992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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117
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Pitt A, Anderson ST. A comparison of the effects of Trasicor (oxprenolol) and Inderal (propranolol) on left ventricular myocardial function. Med J Aust 1970; 1:1089-93. [PMID: 4317185 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1970.tb84442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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118
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Ebringer R, Pitt A, Anderson ST. Haemodynamic factors influencing opening snap interval in mitral stenosis. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 1970; 32:350-4. [PMID: 5420080 PMCID: PMC487332 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.32.3.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Various haemodynamic measurements were correlated with the A2-OS interval in 35 patients with pure or predominant mitral stenosis. There was good correlation of left atrial V wave pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure, and mitral mean diastolic gradient with A2-OS. There was no significant correlation of mitral valve area with A2-OS. When the left ventricular pressure was arbitrarily assigned to one particular pressure (100 mm. Hg) correlations with all other variables improved. There was still no correlation of A2-OS interval with mitral valve area. These and other haemodynamic factors influencing the A2-OS interval are briefly discussed.
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119
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120
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121
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Pitt A, Zimmet R, Anderson ST, Morris KN, Stirling GR. Results of reconstructive surgery for mitral incompetence. ISRAEL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 1969; 5:882-4. [PMID: 5820540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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122
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Shanahan EA, Anderson ST, Morris KN. Effect of modified preoperative, and postoperative potassium supplementation on the incidence of postoperative ventricular arrhythmias. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1969; 57:413-21. [PMID: 5773210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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123
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124
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Mirams JA, Anderson ST, Morris KN, Atkins RC, Stafford EG. Surgical correction of combined myocardial aneurysm and interventricular septal defect following myocardial infarction. Med J Aust 1968; 1:446-8. [PMID: 5647732 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1968.tb28632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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125
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