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Izawa K, Shirakura K, Kakiuchi K, Funahashi N, Maekawa N, Hino N, Tanaka T, Doi T, Okada Y. PRC2 Components Maintain DNA Hypermethylation of the Upstream Promoter and Regulate Robo4 Expression in Endothelial Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:742-746. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hiyama E, Sasaki K, Miyamoto T, Doi T, Hatsuda T, Yamamoto Y, Rijken TA. Possible Lightest Ξ Hypernucleus with Modern ΞN Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:092501. [PMID: 32202898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence exists that the Ξ-nucleus interaction is attractive. We search for NNΞ and NNNΞ bound systems on the basis of the AV8 NN potential combined with either a phenomenological Nijmegen ΞN potential or a first principles HAL QCD ΞN potential. The binding energies of the three-body and four-body systems (below the d+Ξ and ^{3}H/^{3}He+Ξ thresholds, respectively) are calculated by a high precision variational approach, the Gaussian expansion method. Although the two ΞN potentials have significantly different isospin (T) and spin (S) dependence, the NNNΞ system with quantum numbers (T=0, J^{π}=1^{+}) appears to be bound (one deep for Nijmegen and one shallow for HAL QCD) below the ^{3}H/^{3}He+Ξ threshold. Experimental implications for such a state are discussed.
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Shimizu N, Tanaka Y, Kuroda S, Nakamura H, Matsumoto G, Mitsui S, Sakai S, Minami K, Doi T, Hokka D, Maniwa Y. Oxidized regenerated cellulose for a clear thoracoscopic view: a single-centre randomized trial. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2020; 30:346-352. [PMID: 31747012 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivz271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), blood oozing from the surface of the access port wound can hamper the surgical view. Although this oozing is difficult to prevent, it can be decreased by placing a wound edge protector with oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) on the surface of the access port wound, thereby improving the surgical outcomes and safety of VATS. METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-centre, open-label, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the operative outcomes of VATS when using the ORC (ORC group) compared with operative outcomes without using the ORC (non-ORC group). The primary end point was interruption of the operation as a result of blood oozing from the surface of the access port wound. The secondary end points were the other intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS A total of 108 patients were divided into the ORC group (n = 54) and the non-ORC group (n = 54). Compared with the non-ORC group, the ORC group had fewer patients with an interruption in the operation (11.1% vs 51.8%; P < 0.001), less need for wound haemostasis of the access ports during wound closure (44.4% vs 72.2%; P = 0.003), similar rates of postoperative deaths and complications and a tendency for shorter operation times (149.3 vs 168.8 min, respectively; P = 0.083). CONCLUSION The use of an ORC sheet around a wound edge protector for haemostasis can ensure a clear view during VATS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000031112.
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Tsutsumimoto K, Doi T, Nakakubo S, Kim M, Kurita S, Ishii H, Shimada H. Cognitive Frailty as a Risk Factor for Incident Disability During Late Life: A 24-Month Follow-Up Longitudinal Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:494-499. [PMID: 32346687 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Association between cognitive frailty as identified by a new operational definition and incident disability in the community setting remains unclear. This will be the catalyst for preventive interventions designed to treat adverse health problems among elderlies. DESIGN A 24-month follow-up longitudinal study on a community-based cohort. SETTING Community-setting. PARTICIPANTS Participants included a total of 9,936 older adults aged 65 years or older. MEASUREMENTS Frailty was characterized as slow walking speed or/and muscle weakness represented by grip strength. Cognitive function was assessed according to several tests. Cognitive impairment was defined below the age-education reference threshold. Participants were categorized into the four groups: robust, cognitive impairment alone, frailty alone, and cognitive frailty (both frail and cognitive impairment). Incident disability data was extracted from the Japanese Long-Term Care system. RESULTS The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 11.2%. The cumulative incidence rates of incident disability in each group were also estimated (robust, 9.6/1,000 person-years (95% CI 7.9 to 11.7); cognitive impairment, 21.3/1,000 person years (95% CI 16.3 to 27.7); frailty, 45.4/1,000 person years (95% CI 39.5 to 52.3); and cognitive frailty, 79.9/1,000 person years (95% CI 68.6 to 93.1)). Adjusted Cox proportional hazard model revealed that the cognitive frailty group had the highest hazard ratio (HR 3.86, 95%CI 2.95 - 5.05, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A proper operational definition was developed to determine cognitive frailty among elderlies. Cognitive frailty is more associated with incident disability in community-setting than cognitive impairment or physical frailty alone.
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Mitsui S, Shimizu N, Tanaka Y, Nakamura H, Kuroda S, Matsumoto G, Sakai S, Kimura K, Doi T, Ogawa H, Hokka D, Maniwa Y. [Mediastinal Shift Due to the Rapidly Expanded Giant Bulla Probably Caused by the Lung Cancer]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2019; 72:1068-1071. [PMID: 31879381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with back pain and numbness of the left leg. Computed tomography (CT) showed a giant bulla and tumor in the right lung, mediastinal shift to the left side and lesions suggestive of metastatic sacral tumor. Three days later, the patient visited the emergency room with dyspnea and tachycardia. Chest CT showed the progression of mediastinal shift due to the rapid expansion of the giant bulla, and an emergency surgery was performed. After induction of anesthesia, sudden respiratory and circulatory failure occurred. Considering further expansion of the giant bulla by positive pressure ventilation, veno-arterial (V-A) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was applied. After establishing ECMO, the condition of the patient became stable and the giant bulla could be resected successfully.
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Shimada H, Makizako H, Tsutsumimoto K, Doi T, Lee S, Suzuki T. Cognitive Frailty and Incidence of Dementia in Older Persons. JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2019; 5:42-48. [PMID: 29405232 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty may be a preventive or therapeutic target for preventing dementia and functional decline with age. OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between physical and cognitive frailty and the incidence of dementia in community-living older persons. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING General community in Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4072 persons aged ≥ 65 years. SETTING A community in Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4072 community-dwelling older persons aged ≥ 65 years participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS We characterized physical frailty as ≥ 3 of the following criteria: slow walking speed, muscle weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss. We used the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool, which includes tests of word list memory, attention, and executive function, and processing speed to screen for cognitive frailty. The presence of ≥ 2 cognitive impairments, indicated by an age-adjusted score of at least 1.5 standard deviations below the reference threshold, was defined as cognitive frailty. The incidence of dementia was determined using data collected by the Japanese Health Insurance System over 24 months. RESULTS The overall prevalence rates of physical frailty, cognitive impairment, and cognitive frailty (i.e., coexistence of frailty and cognitive impairment) were 5.1%, 5.5%, and 1.1%, respectively. During the follow-up period, 81 participants (2.0%) developed dementia. We found significant relationships between the incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment (hazard ratio (HR): 3.85, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.09-7.10) and cognitive frailty (HR: 6.19, 95% CI: 2.7-13.99). However, the association between dementia and physical frailty did not reach significance (HR: 1.95, 95% CI: 0.97-3.91). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with cognitive frailty had the highest risk of dementia. Future research should implement dementia prevention strategies among older persons with cognitive frailty.
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Yamazaki K, Ryoo BY, Doi T, Paik P, Veillon R, Decaens T, Faivre S, Falchook G, Hong D, Scheele J, Bruns R, Berghoff K, Qin S. Pooled safety analysis of tepotinib in Asian patients with advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz420.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Noguchi YT, Nakayama H, Kaji T, Tsujikawa K, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Uezumi A, Okada Y, Doi T, Watanabe S, Braun T, Fujio Y, Fukada SI. The CalcR-PKA-Yap1 Axis Is Critical for Maintaining Quiescence in Muscle Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 29:2154-2163.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Kim SB, Doi T, Kato K, Chen J, Shah M, Adenis A, Luo S, Qin S, Kojima T, Metges JP, Francois E, Muro K, Cheng Y, Li Z, Yuan X, Wang R, Cui Y, Bhagia P, Shen L. KEYNOTE-181: Pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic adenocarcinoma (AC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus as second-line (2L) therapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz422.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Yunokawa M, Takahashi S, Aoki D, Yonemori K, Hara H, Hasegawa K, Takehara K, Harano K, Nomura H, Noguchi E, Horie K, Ogasawara A, Okame S, Doi T. First-in-human phase I study of TAS-117, an allosteric AKT inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Funabashi S, Kataoka Y, Harada-Shiba M, Hori M, Doi T, Ogura M, Hirayama A, Nishikawa R, Tsuda K, Noguchi T, Yasuda S. P938Extensive formation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in subjects with severe familial hypercholesterolemia defined by the international atherosclerosis society criteria. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS) has proposed “severe familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)” as a FH phenotype with the highest cardiovascular risk. Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a major atherosclerotic change in FH patients. Given their higher LDL-C level and atherogenic clinical features, more extensive formation of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease including not only CAD but stroke/peripheral artery disease (PAD) may more frequently occur in severe FH.
Methods
481 clinically-diagnosed heterozygous FH subjects were analyzed. Severe FH was defined as untreated LDL-C>10.3 mmol/l, LDL-C>8.0 mmol/l+ 1 high-risk feature, LDL-C>4.9 mmol/l + 2 high-risk features or presence of clinical ASCVD according to IAS proposed statement. Cardiac (cardiac death and ACS) and non-cardiac (stroke and peripheral artery disease) events were compared in severe and non-severe FH subjects.
Results
Severe FH was identified in 50.1% of study subjects. They exhibit increased levels of LDL-C and Lipoprotein (a) with a higher frequency of LDLR mutation. Furthermore, a proportion of %LDL-C reduction>50% was greater in severe FH under more lipid-lowering therapy (Table). However, during the observational period (median=6.3 years), severe FH was associated with a 5.9-fold (95% CI, 2.05–25.2; p=0.004) and 5.8-fold (95% CI, 2.02–24.7; p=0.004) greater likelihood of experiencing cardiac-death/ACS and stroke/PAD, respectively (picture). Multivariate analysis demonstrated severe FH as an independent predictor of both cardiac-death/ACS (hazard ratio=3.39, 95% CI=1.12–14.7, p=0.02) and stroke/PAD (hazard ratio=3.38, 95% CI=1.16–14.3, p=0.02) events.
Clinical characteristics of severe FH Non-severe FH Severe FH P-value Baseline LDL-C (mmol/l) 5.3±1.5 6.6±2.0 <0.0001 Lp(a) (mg/dl) 15 [8–28] 21 [10–49] <0.0001 LDLR mutation (%) 49.6% 58.9% 0.00398 On-treatment LDL-C (mmol) 133 [106–165] 135 [103–169] 0.9856 %LDL-C reduction>50% 21.3% 49.8% <0.0001 High-intensity statin (%) 13.3% 42.3% <0.0001 PCSK9 inhibitor (%) 6.3% 21.2% <0.0001
Clinical outcome
Conclusions
Severe FH subjects exhibit substantial atherosclerotic risks for coronary, carotid and peripheral arteries despite lipid lowering therapy. Our finding underscore the screening of systemic arteries and the adoption of further stringent lipid management in severe FH patients.
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Minami K, Tanaka Y, Okamoto T, Shimizu N, Doi T, Ogawa H, Hokka D, Jimbo N, Nishio W, Yoshimura M, Itoh T, Maniwa Y. EP1.12-17 Neuroendocrine Marker Staining Pattern Categorization of Small-Sized Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alsina M, Tabernero J, Arkenau HT, Squadroni M, Doi T, Faustino C, Ghidini M, Mansoor W, Shitara K, Van Cutsem E, Causse-Amellal N, Leger C, Skanji D, Ilson D. Efficacy and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) in European patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer (mGC): An analysis of the TAGS study. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Decaens T, Ryoo BY, Falchook G, Veillon R, Doi T, Yamazaki K, Hong D, Qin S, Scheele J, Bruns R, Berghoff K, Faivre S, Paik P. Safety profile of tepotinib in patients with advanced solid tumors: Pooled analysis of phase I and II data. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Mach N, Curigliano G, Santoro A, Kim DW, Tai D, Hodi S, Wilgenhof S, Doi T, Longmire T, Sun H, Xyrafas A, Gutzwiller S, Manenti L, Lin CC. Phase (Ph) II study of MBG453 + spartalizumab in patients (pts) with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma pretreated with anti–PD-1/L1 therapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Tsuda K, Kataoka Y, Nishikawa R, Doi T, Nakashima T, Hosoda H, Honda S, Fujino M, Yoneda S, Otsuka F, Nakao K, Tahara Y, Asaumi Y, Noguchi T, Yasuda S. P1561An elevated risk of heart failure and stroke events in octogenarian Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction who received percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The proportion of the octogenarian population is expanding especially in Eastern society. Due to the clustering of risk factors, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) represents a major cardiovascular complication in octogenarian subjects. This suggests the need to further optimize their therapeutic management to prevent future cardiac events after AMI. However, analysis of clinical characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes in octogenarian subjects with AMI who received the current established medical therapies is limited.
Purpose
To investigate clinical features and prognosis in octogenarian AMI subjects treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods
We analyzed 1547 AMI subjects underwent PCI between 2007 and 2017. Baseline characteristics and the occurrence of composite major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiac death, non-fatal MI, revascularization, heart failure and stroke) were compared in octogenarian and non-octogenarian subjects.
Results
22.0% (340/1547) of study subjects was octogenarian. They were more likely to have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a lower level of LDL-C on admission (Table). Moreover, a higher prevalence of severer Killip class and LVEF <30% were observed in octogenarians (Table). However, they were not optimally treated with the established medical therapies at discharge (Table). During the observational period (median=3.1 years), the composite of cardiovascular events more frequently occurred in octogenarian subjects. Of note, they exhibited a 2.15-fold and 3.01-fold increased risk for heart failure and stroke events, respectively (Figure).
Table 1 Non-Octogenarian (n=1207) Octogenarian (n=340) P-value CKD* (%) 33.8 63.2 <0.0001 LVEF <30% (%) 5.7 10.3 0.02 Killip class 1.33±0.03 1.55±0.05 <0.0001 LDL-C (mmol/L) 3.20±0.03 2.80±0.05 <0.0001 Statin (%) 86.3 78.2 0.0006 Beta-blocker (%) 74.0 65.8 0.005 ACE-I/ARB (%) 87.3 76.6 <0.0001 DAPT (%) 86.0 88.6 0.42 *CKD is defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2.
Figure 1
Conclusions
Octogenarian subjects with AMI were high-risk group associated with heart failure and stroke events. Their distinct clinical backgrounds may affect the adoption of optimal medical therapies, potentially resulting in worse cardiovascular outcomes. Further intensified management should be applied to octogenarian subjects with AMI.
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Uchida T, Tanaka Y, Shimizu N, Kuroda S, Doi T, Hokka D, Okita Y, Maniwa Y. Diaphragmatic plication for iatrogenic respiratory insufficiency after cardiothoracic surgery. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:3704-3711. [PMID: 31656642 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.09.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The efficacy of diaphragmatic plication (DP) has been proven in many studies. However, there are few reports on DP for patients with severe respiratory conditions requiring mechanical ventilation. The study aim was to demonstrate the efficacy of DP for patients with severe respiratory insufficiency after cardiothoracic surgeries. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients who underwent DP for severe respiratory insufficiency due to postoperative diaphragmatic paralysis; eight of them required mechanical ventilation, and two needed high-flow oxygen therapy prior to DP. The symptoms, lung function, and elevation of the diaphragm were assessed before and after DP. Results All patients were successfully withdrawn from mechanical ventilation after DP and discharged without the need for oxygen therapy. The mean perioperative Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea scale (ATS/ERS 2004) score improved in 30 days (from 4 to 1.8) and in 90 days (from 4 to 0.6) after DP. Lung dynamic compliance was also ameliorated (mean improvement: 41.9 to 60.7 mL/cmH2O). Radiography revealed improved elevation of the diaphragm (mean improvement of 1.8 intercostal spaces, range, 1-2). Mean hospital stay after DP was 65.5 days (range, 25-187 days). One patient who underwent DP with endostapler-only suturing required re-operation because of staple line ruptures. Conclusions DP was found to be an effective form of treatment for patients with severe respiratory insufficiency after cardiothoracic surgery.
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Miyachi H, Yuzuriha T, Tabata R, Fukuda S, Nunomura K, Lin B, Kobayashi T, Ishimoto K, Doi T, Tachibana K. Structural development of 1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives as human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)-selective agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2124-2128. [PMID: 31320147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that 1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid derivative 6 is an agonist of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (hPPARα). Here, we prepared a series of 1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives in order to examine the structure-activity relationships (SAR). SAR studies clearly indicated that the steric bulkiness of the substituent on 1H-pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridine ring, the position of the distal hydrophobic tail part, and the distance between the distal hydrophobic tail part and the acidic head part are critical for hPPARα agonistic activity. These SAR results are somewhat different from those reported for fibrate-class hPPARα agonists. A representative compound (10f) was as effective as fenofibrate in reducing the elevated plasma triglyceride levels in a high-fructose-fed rat model.
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Metges J, François E, Shah M, Adenis A, Enzinger P, Kojima T, Muro K, Bennouna J, Hsu C, Moriwaki T, Kim S, Lee S, Kato K, Shen L, Qin S, Ferreira P, Wang R, Bhagia P, Kang S, Doi T. The phase 3 KEYNOTE-181 study: pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced esophageal cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz154.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Makino S, Kawamoto C, Ikeda T, Doi T, Narise A, Tanaka T, Almas C, Hannig M, Carvalho R, Sano H. Whitening Efficacy of Chewing Gum Containing Sodium Metaphosphate on Coffee Stain: Placebo-controlled, Double-blind In Situ Examination. Oper Dent 2019; 44:469-475. [PMID: 31172873 DOI: 10.2341/17-385-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of chewing gum containing sodium metaphosphate (SMP) to remove coffee stains from enamel in situ. This was a double-blind (subjects, evaluators), parallel-group, crossover, randomized clinical trial with 30 healthy adult volunteers. Each participant held an appliance with a hydroxyapatite (HA) pellet on the lower lingual side of his or her mouth for two hours to allow pellicle formation. The appliances were subsequently immersed in coffee solution at 37°C for 48 hours. The color of the HA pellet before and after coffee immersion was measured using a spectrophotometer. The participant set the appliance and chewed two pieces of test gum, which contained 7.5 mg of SMP per piece, or control gum without SMP. Each cycle included five minutes of exposure to chewing gum, after which the appliances were placed in 100% relative humidity at room temperature for a 30-minute incubation. This cycle was repeated five times for each gum type. The color of the HA pellet was measured after each chewing cycle using the spectrophotometer. In addition, ΔE* values, which indicate the change in pellet color after each chewing cycle compared with after coffee immersion, were calculated. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test with Bonferroni adjustment to compare ΔE* values of control and test gum after each chewing cycle. The ΔE* values of test gum were significantly higher than those of control gum after all chewing cycles, excluding the first cycle (p<0.05). This finding indicates that test gum containing SMP was more effective at removing coffee stains from the HA pellet than control gum. We conclude that chewing gum containing SMP can effectively remove coffee stains from HA pellets. Thus, SMP is a promising agent to be further explored in tooth-cleaning studies.
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Nakajima K, Nakata T, Matsuo S, Doi T, Jacobson A. 239Machine learning model for predicting sudden cardiac death and heart failure death using 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez145.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tachibana K, Ishimoto K, Takahashi R, Kadono H, Awaji T, Yuzuriha T, Tanaka T, Hamakubo T, Sakai J, Kodama T, Aoki S, Doi T. Development of a Ligand Screening Tool Using Full-Length Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Expressing Cell Lines to Ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:199-202. [PMID: 30827999 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and include three subtypes (PPARα, PPARδ, and PPARγ). They regulate gene expression in a ligand-dependent manner. PPARα plays an important role in lipid metabolism. PPARγ is involved in glucose metabolism and is a potential therapeutic target in Type 2 diabetes. PPARδ ligands are candidates for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Thus, the detection of PPAR ligands may facilitate the treatment of various diseases. In this study, to identify PPAR ligands, we engineered reporter cell lines that can be used to quantify PPARγ and PPARδ activity. We evaluated several known ligands using these reporter cell lines and confirmed that they are useful for PPAR ligand detection. Furthermore, we evaluated extracts of approximately 200 natural resources and found various extracts that enhance reporter gene activity. Finally, we identified a main alkaloid of the Evodia fruit, evodiamine, as a PPARγ activator using this screening tool. These results suggest that the established reporter cell lines may serve as a useful cell-based screening tool for finding PPAR ligands to ameliorate metabolic syndromes.
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Ogawa H, Tanaka Y, Kitamura Y, Shimizu N, Doi T, Hokka D, Tane S, Nishio W, Yoshimura M, Maniwa Y. Efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy for pulmonary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas: a propensity score matching analysis. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:1145-1154. [PMID: 31179056 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.04.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are categorized as high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma (HGNEC). We analyzed the efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy for HGNEC and the prognostic factors. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent tumor resection and were diagnosed with HGNEC between January 2001 and December 2014. The overall survival (OS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Propensity score matching was performed to compare the OS between the treatment groups. Multivariate analyses using a Cox proportional hazards model were performed to search for prognostic factors for HGNEC. Results We analyzed 146 HGNEC patients (LCNEC n=92, SCLC n=54) without synchronous multiple cancers, who underwent complete resection. Seventy patients (LCNEC n=31, SCLC n=32) received perioperative chemotherapy and all of them received a platinum-based anticancer drug. Perioperative chemotherapy significantly improved the 5-year OS rates of HGNEC patients (all stages: 74.5% vs. 34.7%, P<0.01, stage I: 88.5% vs. 40.0%, P<0.01). The efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy was similar between LCNEC and SCLC patients [LCNEC all stages: hazard ratio (HR) 0.27, P<0.01, LCNEC stage I: HR 0.27, P=0.01; SCLC all stages: HR 0.38, P=0.02, SCLC stage I: HR 0.34, P=0.06]. The survival benefit of perioperative chemotherapy for HGNEC patients was confirmed by propensity score matching analysis (HR 0.31, P<0.01). The multivariate analysis revealed that perioperative chemotherapy (HR 0.29, P<0.01), sublobar resection (HR 2.11, P=0.04), and lymph node metastasis (HR 3.34, P<0.01) were independently associated with survival. Conclusions Surgical resection combined with perioperative chemotherapy was considered to be effective even for stage I HGNEC patients. Sublobar resection might increase the risk of death in HGNEC patients.
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Kondoh M, Hashimoto Y, Shirakura K, Okada Y, Takeda H, Endo K, Tamura M, Watari A, Sadamura Y, Sawasaki T, Tachibna K, Doi T, Yagi K. Claudin‐5 as a target for drug delivery to the brain by modulation blood‐brain barrier. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.500.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Powell CA, Camidge DR, Gemma A, Kusumoto M, Baba T, Kuwano K, Bankier A, Kiura K, Tamura K, Modi S, Tsurutani J, Doi T, Iwata H, Krop IE, Zhang L, Jasmeet S, Saito K, Shahidi J, Yver A, Takahashi S. Abstract P6-17-06: Characterization, monitoring and management of interstitial lung disease in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Analysis of data available from multiple studies of DS-8201a, a HER2-targeted antibody drug conjugate with a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-17-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Several classes of anti-cancer agents including certain immunotherapies, systemic chemotherapies, and targeted therapies including trastuzumab and T-DM1 increase the risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and fatal cases have been reported. For DS-8201a, interim efficacy and safety analyses of available data established a final recommended dose of 5.4 mg/kg IV q3wk in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). Based on preliminary clinical results, ILD was identified as an important risk for DS-8201a. A robust monitoring and management plan was established across all studies and an international, independent ILD adjudication committee (AC) reviews the cases reported as ILD on an ongoing basis.
Methods: All subjects (sbj) who received ≥1 dose of DS-8201a across 7 ongoing studies were included in this analysis. Reported ILD (standardized MedDRA Query terms) included the terms ILD, pneumonitis, and organizing pneumonia. ILD frequencies were calculated based on investigator's assessment and after adjudication. The analysis of potential risk factors associated with ILD is ongoing.
Results: As of 21 June 2018, 448 sbj received ≥1 dose of DS-8201a across multiple tumor types, including BC. Of the 321 sbj with BC, 173 (53.9%) were from Japan, 103 (32.1%) from the US, and 45 (14.0%) from 6 other countries (Spain, South Korea, Taiwan, Belgium, France, and Italy). These sbj received 1 of 7 doses of DS-8201a (0.8 mg/kg: 3 sbjs, 1.6 mg/kg: 1 sbj, 3.2 mg/kg: 3 sbjs, 5.4 mg/kg: 111 sbjs, 6.4 mg/kg: 178 sbj, 7.4 mg/kg: 20 sbj, 8.0 mg/kg: 5 sbj). Overall, 44 cases of potential ILD were reported by the investigators across all tumor types (44/448, 9.8%; Grade ≥3 10/448, 2.2%). In sbj with BC who received 5.4 mg/kg, any grade and Grade ≥3 investigator-reported ILD were 7.2% (8/111) and 0.9% (1/111), respectively. The ILD AC assessed 30 of 44 cases; 22 were considered drug-related ILD, 4 were ILD but not drug-related, and 4 were found not to be ILD. For adjudicated drug-related ILD cases, the median time to onset was 159 (range; 46-591) days from the time of first dose.
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 All Grades All tumors, All doses (N=448) Investigator-reported20 (4.5)14 (3.1)4 (0.9)1 (0.2)5 (1.1)44 (9.8)Cases adjudicated13840530Adjudicated as drug-related ILD9 (2.0)6 (1.3)3 (0.7)04 (0.9)22 (4.9) BC, All doses (N=321) Investigator-reported17 (5.3)11 (3.4)3 (0.9)1 (0.3)4 (1.2)36 (11.2)Cases adjudicated11830426Adjudicated as drug-related ILD8 (2.5)6 (1.9)3 (0.9)04 (1.2)21 (6.5) BC, 5.4 mg/kg (N=111) Investigator-reported4 (3.6)3 (2.7)001 (0.9)8 (7.2)Cases adjudicated120014Adjudicated as drug-related ILD00001 (0.9)1 (0.9)n (%), except where noted
Conclusions: These analyses confirm that ILD is an important identified risk for DS-8201a. Further analyses are ongoing to better understand the potential risk factors associated with the incidence of on-treatment ILD. When ILD is suspected, early diagnosis through appropriate imaging, laboratory tests, and pulmonary consultation as well as prompt management with steroids are recommended.
Citation Format: Powell CA, Camidge DR, Gemma A, Kusumoto M, Baba T, Kuwano K, Bankier A, Kiura K, Tamura K, Modi S, Tsurutani J, Doi T, Iwata H, Krop IE, Zhang L, Jasmeet S, Saito K, Shahidi J, Yver A, Takahashi S. Characterization, monitoring and management of interstitial lung disease in patients with metastatic breast cancer: Analysis of data available from multiple studies of DS-8201a, a HER2-targeted antibody drug conjugate with a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-17-06.
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