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Kiswanjaya B, Yoshihara A, Deguchi T, Hanada N, Miyazaki H. Relationship between the mandibular inferior cortex and bone stiffness in elderly Japanese people. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:433-8. [PMID: 19578804 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-0996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED SUMARRY: This study assessed the relationship between the mandibular inferior cortex (MIC) and bone stiffness in elderly Japanese subjects. Results suggest that MIC classification may be useful for screening patients for the possibility of osteoporosis by measuring bone stiffness with ultrasound bone densitometry. INTRODUCTION The prevention of fractures is a priority for patients with osteoporosis. Dental panoramic radiographs are frequently taken for the examination of teeth and jaws in general dental practice worldwide. This study assessed the relationship between the mandibular inferior cortex (MIC) and bone stiffness in elderly Japanese subjects. METHODS This study included 519 healthy subjects (263 men and 256 women) aged 70 years old. We evaluated the relationship between MIC classification and bone stiffness using Scheffe's multiple comparison test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between MIC classification and bone stiffness after controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS A significant correlation was found between MIC classification and bone stiffness in men (C1 vs C2: p < 0.05) and women (C1 vs C2: p = NS, C1 vs C3: p < 0.01, C2 vs C3: p < 0.05). MIC classification was significantly associated with bone stiffness on multiple linear regression analysis after controlling for sex, body mass index, regular exercise, and smoking (beta = -0.11, p < 0.01, R(2) = 0.387, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that MIC classification may be useful for screening patients for the possibility of osteoporosis by measuring bone stiffness with ultrasound bone densitometry.
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Deguchi T, Itoh M, Urawa H, Matsumoto T, Nakayama S, Kawasaki T, Kitano T, Oda S, Mitani H, Takahashi T, Todo T, Sato J, Okada K, Hatta K, Yuba S, Kamei Y. Infrared laser-mediated local gene induction in medaka, zebrafish and Arabidopsis thaliana. Dev Growth Differ 2009; 51:769-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2009.01135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Itou J, Suyama M, Imamura Y, Deguchi T, Fujimori K, Yuba S, Kawarabayasi Y, Kawasaki T. Functional and comparative genomics analyses of pmp22 in medaka fish. BMC Neurosci 2009; 10:60. [PMID: 19534778 PMCID: PMC2714311 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-10-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pmp22, a member of the junction protein family Claudin/EMP/PMP22, plays an important role in myelin formation. Increase of pmp22 transcription causes peripheral neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type1A (CMT1A). The pathophysiological phenotype of CMT1A is aberrant axonal myelination which induces a reduction in nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Several CMT1A model rodents have been established by overexpressing pmp22. Thus, it is thought that pmp22 expression must be tightly regulated for correct myelin formation in mammals. Interestingly, the myelin sheath is also present in other jawed vertebrates. The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolutionary conservation of the association between pmp22 transcription level and vertebrate myelin formation, and to find the conserved non-coding sequences for pmp22 regulation by comparative genomics analyses between jawed fishes and mammals. Results A transgenic pmp22 over-expression medaka fish line was established. The transgenic fish had approximately one fifth the peripheral NCV values of controls, and aberrant myelination of transgenic fish in the peripheral nerve system (PNS) was observed. We successfully confirmed that medaka fish pmp22 has the same exon-intron structure as mammals, and identified some known conserved regulatory motifs. Furthermore, we found novel conserved sequences in the first intron and 3'UTR. Conclusion Medaka fish undergo abnormalities in the PNS when pmp22 transcription increases. This result indicates that an adequate pmp22 transcription level is necessary for correct myelination of jawed vertebrates. Comparison of pmp22 orthologs between distantly related species identifies evolutionary conserved sequences that contribute to precise regulation of pmp22 expression.
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Machida T, Deguchi T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Doki Y, Mori M, Ito T. Rapamycin induces autophagy in islets: relevance in islet transplantation. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:334-8. [PMID: 19249550 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation can provide insulin independence in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, islet allograft recipients exhibit a gradual decline in insulin independence, and only 10% do not require insulin at 5 years. This decline may reflect drug toxicity to islet beta cells. Rapamycin, a central immunosuppressant in islet transplantation, is a mammalian target of rampamycin inhibitor that induces autophagy. The relative contributions of autophagy in transplanted islets are poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study we sought to evaluate the effects of rapamycin on islet beta cells. Rapamycin treatment of islets resulted in accumulation of membrane-bound light chain 3 (LC3-II) protein, an early marker of autophagy. In addition, rapamycin treatment of isolated islets elicited not only reduction of viability but also downregulation of in vitro potency. To further examine the occurrence of autophagy in rapamycin-treated islets, we used GFP (green fluorescent protein)-LC3 transgenic mice that express a fluorescent autophagosome marker. The GFP-LC3 signals were markedly increased in rapamycin treated islets compared with control islets. In addition, to show improvement by blockade of autophagic signaling, islets were treated with rapamycin in the presence of 3-methyladenine, which inhibits autophagy. Thereafter, both islet viability and islet potency were dramatically improved. The number of GFP-LC3 dots clearly increased after 3-MA treatment. Thus, rapamycin treatment of islets induces autophagy in vitro. This phenomenon may contribute to the progressive graft dysfunction of transplanted islets. Therapeutically targeting this novel signaling may yield significant benefits for long-term islet survival.
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Deguchi T, Fujimori KE, Kawasaki T, Xianghai L, Yuba S. Expression patterns of the Egr1 and Egr3 genes during medaka embryonic development. Gene Expr Patterns 2009; 9:209-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Machida T, Deguchi T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Doki Y, Mori M, Ito T. Adenovirus-mediated gene expression of the human c-FLIP(L) gene protects pig islets against human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:319-22. [PMID: 19249545 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-mediated immunity, especially of human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is believed to have an important role in the long-term survival of pig islet xenografts. Protection against human CD8+ CTL cytotoxicity may reduce the direct damage to pig islets and enable long-term xenograft survival in pig-to-human islet xenotransplantation. We have previously reported that c-FLIP(S/L) genes, which are potent inhibitors of death receptor-mediated proapoptotic signals through binding competition with caspase-8 for recruitment to the Fas-associated via death domain (FADD), markedly suppress human CD8+ CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity. In addition, the cytoprotective effects of c-FLIP(L) seem to be significantly stronger than those of c-FLIP(S). Accordingly, in the present study, expression of c-FLIP(L) was induced in intact pig islets by adenoviral transduction. Consequently, the cytoprotective capacity of the transgene in pig islets was examined in in vitro and in vivo exposure to human CD8+ CTLs. Cells from untransduced islets or mock islets were sensitive to CD8+ CTL-mediated lysis (59.3% +/- 15.9% and 64.0% +/- 8.9% cytotoxicity, respectively). In contrast, cells from pig islets transduced with the c-FLIP(L) gene were markedly protected from lysis (30.5% +/- 3.5%). Furthermore, prolonged xenograft survival was elicited from pig islets transduced with this molecule as assessed using an islet transplant model using the rat kidney capsule. Thus, these data indicate that intact pig islets can be transduced to express c-FLIP(L) with adenovirus. Pig islets expressing c-FLIP(L) are significantly resistant to human CTL killing and further exhibit beneficial effects to prolong xenograft survival.
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Machida T, Deguchi T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Doki Y, Mori M, Ito T. Intracellular and extracellular remodeling effectively prevents human CD8(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated xenocytotoxicity by coexpression of membrane-bound human FasL and pig c-FLIP(L) in pig endothelial cells. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:391-4. [PMID: 19249564 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity, which participates in xenograft rejection, is mediated mainly by the Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway. We previously developed methods to inhibit human CTL xenocytotoxicity by extracellular remodeling using overexpression of membrane-bound human FasL on pig xenograft cells, and by intracellular blockade of death receptor-mediated apoptotic signals, such as the Fas/FasL pathway using the pig c-FLIP(L) molecule. To investigate the cooperative effects of both membrane-bound FasL and pig c-FLIP(L), we cotransfected both genes into pig endothelial cells (PEC). The double remodeling with these molecules effectively prevented CD8(+) CTL killing. Although double transfectants and single high transfectants of either membrane-bound FasL or c-FLIP(L) gene displayed similar inhibition of CTL cytotoxicity, the expression levels of these 2 molecules in double transfectants were almost half the expression levels of single transfectants. Furthermore, to show in vivo prolongation of xenograft survival, we transplanted PEC transfectants under the rat kidney capsule. Prolonged survival was displayed by PEC double transfectant xenografts whereas those from either parental PEC or MOCK (vehicle control) were completely rejected by day 5 posttransplantation. These data suggested that intracellular and extracellular remodeling by coexpression of membrane-bound FasL and pig c-FLIP(L) in xenograft cells may prevent an innate cellular response to xenografts. The gene compatibility of these molecules to generate transgenic pigs may be sufficient to create a window of opportunity to facilitate long-term xenograft survival.
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Deguchi T, Hashiguchi T, Horinouchi S, Uto T, Oku H, Kimura K, Makisumi K, Arimura K. Serum VEGF increases in diabetic polyneuropathy, particularly in the neurologically active symptomatic stage. Diabet Med 2009; 26:247-52. [PMID: 19317819 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). METHODS Two hundred and twenty diabetic patients participated, 113 with DPN and 107 without DPN. All patients were also classified according to the four stages of DPN (no neuropathy: stage 0; asymptomatic neuropathy: stage 1; symptomatic neuropathy: stage 2; disabling neuropathy: stage 3). Serum VEGF concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and levels between the patients with and without DPN and also between the different stages of DPN, were compared. RESULTS The mean serum VEGF level in all patients was 264.6 +/- 218.8 pg/ml. The mean serum VEGF level was higher in patients with DPN (310.1 +/- 224.3 pg/ml) than in the patients without DPN (216.5 +/- 204.0 pg/ml, P = 0.0014). Serum VEGF was higher in the 'symptomatic' stage (stage 2, 364.8 +/- 225.9 pg/ml) in comparison with the 'asymptomatic' (stage 1, 256.7 +/- 224.4 pg/ml, P = 0.015) and 'disabling' (stage 3, 180.3 +/- 109.4 pg/ml, P = 0.042) stages. The mean serum VEGF level in patients with diabetic retinopathy (261.1 +/- 210.6 pg/ml) and in patients with diabetic nephropathy (241.5 +/- 185.7 pg/ml) was not increased. CONCLUSIONS The serum VEGF level is increased in patients with DPN, particularly in patients in the neurologically active 'symptomatic' stage.
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Yoshihara A, Deguchi T, Hanada N, Miyazaki H. Relation of bone turnover markers to periodontal disease and jaw bone morphology in elderly Japanese subjects. Oral Dis 2009; 15:176-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2008.01511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Koshida S, Deguchi T, Miyashita K, Iwai K, Urabe Y. The common mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in judo: a retrospective analysis. Br J Sports Med 2008; 44:856-61. [PMID: 19042919 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.051425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although high prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries (ACL) in judokas has been reported, there has been very little research concerning events preceding the injury. OBJECTIVE To determine the common situations and mechanisms of ACL injury in judo. METHODS A total of 43 cases of ACL injuries that had occurred during judo competition or practice were investigated, using questionnaires with interviews conducted by a single certified athletic trainer who has 20 years of judo experience to obtain information regarding the situation and mechanism in which the ACL injury occurred. RESULTS The number of ACL injuries when the participant's grip style was different from the style of the opponent (ie, kenka-yotsu style) (28 cases) was significantly greater than when the participant's grip style was the same as that of the opponent (ie, ai-yotsu style) (15 cases; p<0.001). The number of ACL injuries was significantly higher when the participant was attacked by the opponent than when counterattacked or when attempting the attack (p<0.001). In addition, being attacked with osoto-gari was revealed as the leading cause of ACL injury incidence among the participants (16.8%). CONCLUSIONS Grip style may be associated with ACL injury occurrence in judo. In addition, direct contact due to the opponent's attack may be a common mechanism for ACL injuries in judo.
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Fujimori KE, Kawasaki T, Deguchi T, Yuba S. Characterization of a nervous system-specific promoter for growth-associated protein 43 gene in Medaka (Oryzias latipes). Brain Res 2008; 1245:1-15. [PMID: 18951884 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Genes expressed by neurons are controlled by specific, interacting cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting factors within their promoters. In the present study, we asked whether the transcriptional machinery regulating neuron-specific gene expression was conserved in evolution. We identified a GAP-43 homolog in Medaka (Oryzias latipes), and analyzed its expression during various stages of development. Compared with the amino acid sequences of GAP-43 homologs in other vertebrates, the amino-terminus of GAP-43 was highly conserved evolutionarily, but the carboxy-terminus exhibited significant variability. Expression of GAP-43 predominantly occurred in cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems as determined by in situ hybridization and by RT-PCR. Expression of GAP-43 increased throughout development and significant levels continued to be expressed into adulthood. We also showed that a proximal approximately 2.0 kbp fragment in the 5'-flanking region had promoter activity as determined by in vivo reporter assays. Furthermore, based upon computational analysis of transcription factor binding sites and an in vivo reporter analysis using sequentially deleted promoters, we demonstrated that cis-regulatory elements for neuronal expression were widely distributed in this region. In mammals, a TATA-box, E-box and neuronal repressive elements have been thought to contribute to neuronal expression. However, these features were not found in the orthologous region of the Medaka GAP-43 promoter. Our results suggest that the arrangement of cis-regulatory elements of the GAP-43 ortholog in Medaka is different from that in mammals, yet maintains neuron-specific regulation.
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Machida T, Deguchi T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Ito T. INTRA- AND EXTRACELLULAR REMODELING EFFECTIVELY PREVENT HUMAN CD8+ CTL-MEDIATED XENOCYTOTOXICITY BY COEXPRESSION OF MEMBRANE-BOUND HUMAN FASL AND PIG C-FLIPL IN PIG ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000332057.83248.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Deguchi T, Yoshihara A, Hanada N, Miyazaki H. Relationship between mandibular inferior cortex and general bone metabolism in older adults. Osteoporos Int 2008; 19:935-40. [PMID: 18080793 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a link exists between the jawbone and general bone metabolism. The results of our study indicate that a mandibular inferior cortical erosion finding on dental panoramic radiographs is significantly associated with increased biochemical markers of bone turnover. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a link exists between the jawbone and general bone metabolism. METHODS We measured values of serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (S-BAP) and urinary N-telopeptide cross-links of type I collagen (U-NTX). To evaluate the jawbone, we used mandibular inferior cortex (MIC) classification on dental panoramic radiographs. After 134 subjects were divided into three groups (C1: normal cortex, C2: mildly to moderately eroded cortex, C3: severely eroded cortex), we evaluated the relationship between S-BAP or U-NTX and MIC classification by Scheffe's multiple comparison test. RESULTS A significant correlation was found between MIC classification and S-BAP (C1 vs. C2: p < 0.01, C1 vs. C3: p < 0.01, C2 vs. C3: NS). A significant correlation was found between MIC classification and U-NTX (C1 vs. C2: p < 0.01, C1 vs. C3: p < 0.001, C2 vs. C3: p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study indicate that the mandibular inferior cortical erosion finding on dental panoramic radiographs is significantly associated with increased S-BAP and U-NTX levels. We suggest that there is an association between the jawbone and general bone metabolism.
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Manabe N, Machida T, Deguchi T, Sawa Y, Nishida T, Ito T. Pig Cellular FLICE-like Inhibitory Protein (c-FLIP) Overexpression in Pig Xenograft Cells Induces Resistance to Human CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Mediated Xenocytotoxicity. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:559-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Deguchi T, Machida T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Ito T. In vitro and in vivo prevention of human CD8+ CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity by pig c-FLIP expression in porcine endothelial cells. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:288-97. [PMID: 18211505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Overcoming cell-mediated immunity, especially of human CD8(+) CTLs, is important for the success of xenotransplantation. Our group has previously reported that the cytotoxicity of human CD8(+) CTLs against pig endothelial cells (PEC) is highly detrimental and mediated in major part by the Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway. Cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) was originally identified as an inhibitor of death-receptor signaling through binding competition with caspase-8 for recruitment to Fas-associated via death domain (FADD). Two major c-FLIP variants result from alternative mRNA splicing: a short, 26-KDa protein (c-FLIP(S)) and a long, 55-KDa form (c-FLIP(L)). The cytoprotective effects of c-FLIP(S/L) in xenograft cells remain controversial. This study demonstrates that the overexpression of c-FLIP(S/L) genes markedly suppress human CD8(+) CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity and, in addition, the cytoprotective effects of c-FLIP(L) appear to be significantly stronger than those of c-FLIP(S). Furthermore, to prove the prolonged effects of xenograft survival, PEC transfectants with c-FLIP(S/L) genes were transplanted under rat kidney capsules. Prolonged survival was elicited from FLIP(S/L) transfectants, whereas parental PEC was completely rejected through day 5, posttransplant. Thus, intracellular remodeling with the overexpression of c-FLIP(S/L) in xenograft cells may avoid innate cellular attacks against xenografts and facilitate long-term xenograft survival.
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Ohtakara K, Tanaka O, Hayashi S, Matsuo M, Nakano M, Uno H, Okada S, Deguchi T, Hoshi H. Effect of Edema on Postimplant Dosimetry in Prostate Brachytherapy Using CT/MRI Fusion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ohtakara K, Tanaka O, Hayashi S, Matsuo M, Hoshi H, Nakano M, Deguchi T. 4052 POSTER MRI-based preplanning in low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)71119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Taniguchi Y, Takeda S, Furutani-Seiki M, Kamei Y, Todo T, Sasado T, Deguchi T, Kondoh H, Mudde J, Yamazoe M, Hidaka M, Mitani H, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Plasterk RHA, Cuppen E. Generation of medaka gene knockout models by target-selected mutagenesis. Genome Biol 2007; 7:R116. [PMID: 17156454 PMCID: PMC1794429 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2006-7-12-r116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 11/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A reverse genetics approach for the routine generation of medaka (Oryzias latipes) gene knockouts is described and applied to create a cryopreserved resource containing knockouts for most medaka genes. We have established a reverse genetics approach for the routine generation of medaka (Oryzias latipes) gene knockouts. A cryopreserved library of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenized fish was screened by high-throughput resequencing for induced point mutations. Nonsense and splice site mutations were retrieved for the Blm, Sirt1, Parkin and p53 genes and functional characterization of p53 mutants indicated a complete knockout of p53 function. The current cryopreserved resource is expected to contain knockouts for most medaka genes.
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Mizutani K, Ito H, Iwamoto I, Morishita R, Deguchi T, Nozawa Y, Asano T, Nagata KI. Essential roles of ERK-mediated phosphorylation of vinexin in cell spreading, migration and anchorage-independent growth. Oncogene 2007; 26:7122-31. [PMID: 17486060 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vinexin is an adaptor protein supposed to play pivotal roles in various cellular events such as cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, signaling and gene expression. Despite the possible importance, physiological functions and regulatory mechanisms of vinexin are largely unknown. In addition, although vinexin was reported to be phosphorylated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), physiological significance of the phosphorylation remains to be elucidated. Here we carried out characterization of endogenous vinexin and found that it was enriched at the leading edge of migrating cells and focal adhesions of spread cells. In the analyses using ERK-phosphorylated vinexin-specific antibody, the phosphorylation signal was also detected at the leading edges of migrating cells and at cell periphery of spreading cells, whereas only faint signal was observed at focal adhesions of well-spread cells. We then established LNCaP cell lines stably expressing GFP-fused vinexinbeta or two mutants at Ser189 that mimic the ERK-phosphorylated or -unphosphorylated vinexin beta. Based on the analyses using the lines, the phosphorylation was likely to inhibit the cell spreading and migration. On the other hand, anchorage-independent cell growth was inhibited by unphosphorylated vinexinbeta. Taken together, ERK-mediated phosphorylation of vinexinbeta is strongly suggested to occur in a spatio-temporally regulated manner and play important roles in cell spreading, migration and anchorage-independent growth.
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Kawamoto K, Tanemura M, Komoda H, Omori T, Fumimoto Y, Shimada K, Deguchi T, Saga A, Kakuda A, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Ito T. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of membrane-bound human FasL and human decoy Fas protect pig islets against human CD8+ CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. Transplant Proc 2007; 38:3286-8. [PMID: 17175251 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pig islets are considered to be most suitable source of islets for xenotransplantation into patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, cellular rejection, especially CD8+ CTL-mediated cytotoxicity, remains a formidable barrier preventing long-term xenograft survival. Our previous study demonstrated that human CD8+ CTLs were highly detrimental to xenograft cells and that this strong cytotoxicity of human CTLs was mediated mainly by the Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, we exploited novel methods for inhibiting human CD8+ CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity with overexpression of membrane-bound human FasL and human decoy Fas antigen in xenografted cells. In the present study, we assessed the cytoprotective effects of these novel inhibitory molecules overexpressed by an adenoviral-mediated system in pig islets. Isolated pig islets were transfected with adenovirus vector encoding either human decoy Fas or membrane-bound human FasL genes. Thirty percent to 60% of transfected pig islets expressed these molecules producing 60% to 88% suppression of CTL killing compared with parental pig islets. These data indicated that pig islet grafts isolated from transgenic pigs with either membrane-bound human FasL or human decoy Fas antigen genes may control the innate cellular response to xenografts, and creating a window of opportunity to facilitate xenograft survival.
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Tanemura M, Saga A, Kawamoto K, Matsuda-Minehata F, Manabe N, Deguchi T, Nishida T, Sawa Y, Ito T. A novel strategy for preventing human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against pig endothelial cells by overexpression of pig cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) gene. Transplant Proc 2007; 38:3315-7. [PMID: 17175259 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity in xenograft recipients is an important obstacle for successful xenotransplantation of pig organs into humans. In our previous study, we demonstrated that xenocytotoxicity of human CD8+ CTL detrimental to pig endothelial cells (PEC) is mediated mainly by the Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, we developed new methods to prevent this CTL killing by extracellular remodeling using overexpression of human decoy Fas antigen and membrane-bound human FasL on pig xenograft cells. The cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), a caspase-8 inhibitor that lacks the cysteine domain, is a negative regulator of death receptor-mediated apoptosis. c-FLIP proteins exist as long (c-FLIP(L)) and short (c-FLIPs) splice variants, both capable of protecting cells from death receptor-mediated apoptosis. In this report, we have demonstrated that both pig c-FLIPs and pig c-FLIP(L) significantly inhibit human CD8+ CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity toward stably transfected PEC, although the expression level of pig Fas antigen on cell surface was not changed. These data suggested that intracellular remodeling with overexpression of pig c-FLIP in xenograft cells may decrease the innate cellular responses against xenografts, facilitating long-term xenograft survival.
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Deguchi T, Yasuda M, Maeda S, Tamaki M, Ito S, Nakano M, Yokoi S. P1333 Coinfection of genital mycoplasmas among men with gonococcal urethritis and their roles in post-gonococcal urethritis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mizutani K, Matsumoto K, Hasegawa N, Deguchi T, Nozawa Y. Expression of clusterin, XIAP and survivin, and their changes by camptothecin (CPT) treatment in CPT-resistant PC-3 and CPT-sensitive LNCaP cells. Exp Oncol 2006; 28:209-15. [PMID: 17080014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM Clusterin and IAPs (inhibitor of apoptosis proteins), such as survivin and XIAP, are known to be related to chemo-resistance in several cancer cells. In the current study, we investigated their expression levels in human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3 which are sensitive and resistant to camptothecin (CPT), topoisomerase I inhibitor, respectively. METHODS LNCaP and PC-3 cells were cultured in the presence of CPT, cell death was evaluated using Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI) double staining. The expression of clusterin, XIAP and survivin on mRNA and protein levels was investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Our data showed that 24 h treatment of LNCaP cells with 0.5 and 3.0 microM CPT resulted in higher number of apoptotic cells, than that in PC-3 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that the clusterin level in PC-3 cells was 5-fold higher than that in LNCaP cells. In contrast, XIAP expression level in PC-3 cells was lower than that in LNCaP cells, and survivin levels were similar in these two cell lines. Treatment with 0.5 and 3.0 microM CPT resulted in the reduced survivin and XIAP expression in both cell lines, while clusterin expression remained unchanged in LNCaP cells, but was increased in PC-3 cells. CONCLUSION The results suggest that clusterin may take a greater part in CPT-resistance than survivin and XIAP in PC-3 cells.
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Ichikawa H, Yabuuchi T, Jin HW, Terayama R, Yamaai T, Deguchi T, Kamioka H, Takano-Yamamoto T, Sugimoto T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-immunoreactive primary sensory neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal sensory nuclei. Brain Res 2006; 1081:113-8. [PMID: 16510129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2005] [Revised: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was performed on the rat trigeminal ganglion (TG). The immunoreactivity (IR) was detected in 46% of TG neurons. These neurons were mostly small- or medium-sized (range, 149.7-1246.3 microm2; mean +/- SD = 373.4 +/- 151.6 microm2). A double immunofluorescence method also revealed that 54% of BDNF-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were immunoreactive for calcitonin-gene-related peptide. In addition, 93% of BDNF-IR TG neurons contained vanilloid receptor subtype 1. However, the co-expression of BDNF and vanilloid receptor 1-like receptor was very rare (less than 1%). In the trigeminal sensory nuclei, laminae II of the medullary dorsal horn was abundant in presumed BDNF-IR axon terminals. Such profiles were also detected in the dorsolateral part of the subnucleus oralis. The retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical methods demonstrated that BDNF-IR was common among cutaneous TG neurons (47%) but not tooth pulp TG neurons (13%). The present study indicates that BDNF-IR TG neurons have unmyelinated axons and project to the superficial medullary dorsal horn. It is likely that BDNF-containing neurons in both the trigeminal and spinal sensory systems have similarities in morphology and function. However, the content of BDNF in TG neurons probably depends on their peripheral targets. BDNF seems to convey nociceptive cutaneous input to the trigeminal sensory nuclei.
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Yasuda M, Maeda S, Deguchi T. In Vitro Activity of Fluoroquinolones against Mycoplasma genitalium and Their Bacteriological Efficacy for Treatment of M. genitalium-Positive Nongonococcal Urethritis in Men. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:1357-9. [PMID: 16206116 DOI: 10.1086/496983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the minimum inhibitory concentrations of some fluoroquinolones for Mycoplasma genitalium and their bacteriological efficacy in the treatment of M. genitalium-positive nongonococcal urethritis. In vitro, levofloxacin was less active than gatifloxacin, tosufloxacin, and sparfloxacin. In vivo, the bacteriological efficacy of gatifloxacin was superior to that of levofloxacin or tosufloxacin.
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