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Evans W, Paxon T. A COMPARISON OF THE MERCURIAL DIURETICS USED IN HEART FAILURE. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 3:112-20. [PMID: 18609871 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.3.2.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Evans W. CHEST LEAD (CR(1)) ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS IN AURICULAR FIBRILLATION. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 3:247-58. [PMID: 18609888 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.3.4.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Parkinson J, Papp C, Evans W. THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM OF THE STOKES-ADAMS ATTACK. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 3:171-99. [PMID: 18609882 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.3.3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Evans W, Loughnan O. THE DRUG TREATMENT OF HYPERPIESIA. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 1:199-228. [PMID: 18609819 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.1.3.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Evans W, Hunter A. CHEST LEAD CR(7) IN CARDIAC INFARCTION. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 5:73-9. [PMID: 18609926 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.5.2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Evans W, Wright G. THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM IN FRIEDREICH DISEASE. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 4:91-102. [PMID: 18609897 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.4.3.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Evans W. THE RELATIVE VALUE OF CERTAIN DIGITALIS PREPARATIONS IN HEART FAILURE WITH AURICULAR FIBRILLATION. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 2:51-62. [PMID: 18609835 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Evans W. THE UNITY OF PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA AND AURICULAR FLUTTER. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2008; 6:221-37. [PMID: 18609982 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.6.4.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Carlisle J, Evans W, Hajizadeh R, Nadaf M, Shepherd B, Ott RD, Richter K, Drake W. Multiple Mycobacterium antigens induce interferon-gamma production from sarcoidosis peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 150:460-8. [PMID: 17924974 PMCID: PMC2219367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03510.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of sarcoidosis immunology have noted oligoclonal T cell populations, suggesting cell-mediated immunity that is antigen-specific. Sarcoidosis immunology and pathology are most similar to mycobacterial infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice and humans reflects T helper 1 (Th1) immune responses to multiple cell wall and secreted antigens. We investigated if the oligoclonal immune response in individual sarcoidosis subjects could be elicited by multiple secreted mycobacterial antigens by performing ex vivo enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 30 sarcoidosis, 26 purified protein derivative negative (PPD-) control and 10 latent tuberculosis subjects (PPD+) to assess Th1 responses to mycobacterial superoxide dismutase A (sodA), catalase-peroxidase (katG) and early secreted antigenic target protein (ESAT-6). A significant difference was noted among the sarcoidosis and PPD- control subjects to ESAT-6 [12 of 30 versus one of 26 (P = 0.0014)], katG [nine of 30 versus none of 26 (P = 0.002)] and sodA [12 of 30 versus none of 26 (P = 0.002)]. There was no significant difference between sarcoidosis and PPD+ subjects. Twelve sarcoidosis subjects recognized two or more mycobacterial proteins, as well as multiple distinct epitopes within individual proteins. One sarcoidosis subject on whom we collected bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and PBMC had no recognition of mycobacterial antigens using PBMC, but BAL fluid demonstrated strong Th1 immune responses to ESAT-6 and katG. Individual sarcoidosis subjects recognized not only multiple mycobacterial proteins, but multiple distinct peptides within a specific protein, thus demonstrating that multiple mycobacterial epitopes elicit the Th1 immune response observed. Immune responses by sarcoidosis T cells to mycobacterial proteins may have an important role in sarcoidosis pathogenesis.
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Fidani L, Clarimon J, Goulas A, Hatzitolios AI, Evans W, Tsirogianni E, Hardy J, Kotsis A. Association of phosphodiesterase 4D gene G0 haplotype and ischaemic stroke in a Greek population. Eur J Neurol 2007; 14:745-9. [PMID: 17594329 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the association of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP45) and microsatellite marker AC008818-1 with ischaemic stroke, in an independent cohort of Greek patients and control individuals with no clinical manifestations of vascular disease. Significantly different distributions were observed with respect to the AC008818-1 alleles, with allele 148 associating with an increased risk of stroke incidence, and allele 144 with a protective effect. In addition, the haplotype defined by allele 148 and G allele of SNP45 was found to be significantly increased in patients even though no statistically significant differences emerged with respect to SNP45 alone. The previously established association of a PDE4D gene haplotype with ischaemic stroke in a population from Iceland was independently confirmed in our Greek population, suggesting that PDE4D may be involved in the aetiology and pathogenesis of stroke.
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Evans W, Smith MR, Morley JE, Barnette KG, Rodriguez D, Steiner MS, Dalton JT. Ostarine increases lean body mass and improves physical performance in healthy elderly subjects: Implications for cancer cachexia patients. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9119 Background: Cancer cachexia results in selective loss of skeletal muscle resulting in weakness, reduced physical activity and a lower quality of life. Cancer cachexia also diminishes response to chemotherapy and survival. Anabolic steroids appear to increase weight and muscle mass in cancer patients, but have the potential for masculinization in women and prostate stimulation in men. A new class of non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) is being developed for use in cancer cachexia. SARMs are designed to have predominately anabolic activity in muscle and bone with minimal androgenic effects in most other tissues. We conducted a randomized phase II proof of concept study of ostarine, the first-in-class SARM, in healthy postmenopausal women and elderly men prior to intitiating a phase II study in cancer patients. Methods: Sixty elderly men (mean age 66 years) and 60 postmenopausal women (mean age 63 years) were randomly assigned to ostarine 0.1, 0.3, 1 mg, 3 mg or placebo for three months. The primary end point was change from baseline to three months in total lean body mass (LBM) measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The key secondary end point was a stair climb functional performance test that measured speed and power exerted. Evaluations included laboratory safety assessments and additional assessments of androgenic activity including PSA, sebum production and luteinizing hormone. Results: Ostarine treatment resulted in a dose dependent increase in total LBM, with an increase of 1.4 kg compared to placebo (p<0.001) at the 3 mg dose. Increased LBM translated to an improvement in the stair climb test in both speed (+15.5% ± 12.9 faster time, p=0.006) and power (+25.5% ± 20.3 watts, p=0.005). There were no serious adverse events reported. There were no significant changes in PSA, sebum production or luteinizing hormone. Conclusions: Ostarine improves LBM and physical performance in healthy older men and women. Ostarine had no unwanted androgenic side effects. A phase II study is planned to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ostarine in patients with cancer cachexia. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Palamarthy A, Patodi N, Lee J, Speight L, Evans W, Pettit R, Bolton C, Ketchell R. 178 Introduction of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry into the annual review of adult cystic fibrosis patients at All Wales Adult Regional Centre, UK. J Cyst Fibros 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(07)60164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Noble J, Ellis P, Mackay J, Evans W. Second-line or Subsequent Systemic Therapy for Recurrent or Progressive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Practice Guideline. J Thorac Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(15)31641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jones T, Yang W, Evans W, Relling M. Using hapmap tools to predict oncology-related phenotypes: TPMT activity vs hapmap SNPs. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
13035 Background: Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the S-methylation of thiopurines. There are several functional genetic polymorphisms in TPMT activity, which can lead to drug toxicities; however, among individuals with high TPMT activity, a substantial portion of enzymatic variability remains unexplained. B-lymphoblastoid CEPH cell lines have been genotyped at over 2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as part of the International HapMap project. Therefore, extensive phenotype-genotype association studies can be conducted in these cell lines by systematic determination of cancer-related phenotypes. Methods: We measured the phenotype of TPMT activity in 82 CEPH cell lines. Of these, 53 had expression data available on over 8000 genes from Affymetrix Focus Array technology. We evaluated whether TPMT activity was associated with HapMap SNPs in TPMT (cis SNPs), genome-wide HapMap SNPs (trans SNPs), and level of gene expression using Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearmans rank correlation. Results: We found associations of TPMT activity with four SNPs (p < 0.05) in TPMT (± 100K bp), one of which (rs1142345, p = 0.009) is a known functional SNP responsible for TPMT deficiency. Two other significant SNPs are in linkage disequilibrium with rs1142345. Associations were also found with 1598 trans SNPs across the genome (p < 0.001). TPMT activity was associated with the expression of eight genes (p < 0.0001, FDR <20%). The only overlapping trans gene is PACSIN2, whose expression most significantly correlated with TPMT activity and also contains two significantly predictive trans SNPs. Conclusions: The CEPH cell lines were useful in that a known functional variant, rs1142345, (serving as a positive control) was associated with TPMT activity, and that additional polymorphisms in TPMT and in potentially important trans-acting factors have been identified as possible additional genomic determinants of TPMT activity. Similar experiments with other phenotypes can likewise capitalize on this publicly available resource. With further validation, these studies may lead to discovery of additional candidate polymorphisms that can lead to further optimization of thiopurine therapy in the clinic. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Clayton AH, Keller AE, Leslie C, Evans W. Exploratory study of premenstrual symptoms and serotonin variability. Arch Womens Ment Health 2006; 9:51-7. [PMID: 16369857 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-005-0118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 08/29/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Premenstrual symptoms can pose significant problems for a large number of women; this small exploratory study was designed to investigate biological markers that may provide etiological clues. Using an algorithm based on daily symptom charting for two months, 15 participants were assigned to one of three study groups: non-symptomatic (n = 9), probable PMS (n = 3) and probable PMDD (n = 3). During two overnight admissions, one prior to and one following the onset of menses, participants had blood drawn to assess the level of available serotonin via one of its metabolites, 5-HIAA. The three groups exhibited potentially significant differences in several biological markers. This study's results are consistent with a hypothesis implicating serotonin in the generation of premenstrual symptomology.
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Ung Y, Yu E, Falkson C, Laetsch N, Haynes A, Evans W, Mackay J. PD-118 High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDREB) in the palliation of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A systematic review. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Evans W, Mackay J, Whitton A, Drossos A, Gregus M, Noyek J. P-324 Reporting on consistency of clinical practice with lung cancer guidelines: A clinical monograph by Cancer Care Ontario. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Evans W, Graham I. E22. Reimbursement policies, research andprescribing practices: The Canadian perspective. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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