51
|
Zhu D, He R, Yu W, Li C, Cheng H, Zhu B, Yan J. ORAI3 contributes to hypoxia-inducible factor 1/2α-sensitive colon cell migration. Physiol Int 2021; 108:221-237. [PMID: 34161303 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is a pivotal initiator of tumor angiogenesis and growth through the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). This study set out to examine the involvement of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in colon cancer and ascertained whether ORAI3 was involved in the pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients and murine models as well as human colorectal adenocarcinoma tumor (CW2) cells were included to examine the levels of ORAI1/3 and HIF-1/2α levels. Calcium imaging was utilized to ascertain the activity of calcium channel. Scratch assay was used to assess the migration capacity of the cells. RESULTS Tumors from murine colon cancer xenograft models and patients with colon cancer displayed high ORAI1/3 and HIF-1/2α levels. Hypoxia treatment, mimicking the tumor microenvironment in vitro, increased ORAI1/3 and HIF-1/2α expression as well as store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Of note is that HIF-1/2α silencing decreased SOCE, and HIF-1/2α overexpression facilitated SOCE. Furthermore, ORAI3 rather than ORAI1 expression was inhibited by HIF-1/2α silencing while increased by ML228. Luciferase assay also confirmed that ORAI3 was elevated in the presence of ML228, indicating the linkage between HIF-1/2α and ORAI3. Additionally, colony-forming potential and cell migration capacity were decreased in siHIF-1α and siHIF-2α as well as siORAI3 cells, and the facilitating effect of ML228 on cell migration and colony-forming potential was also decreased in siORAI3 CW-2 cells, which points out the importance of ORAI3 in HIF1/2α pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings allow to conclude that both HIF-1α and HIF-2α facilitate ORAI3 expression, hence enhancing colon cancer progression.
Collapse
|
52
|
Xu X, Wu X, Zhu C, Zhang R, Jiaerken Y, Wang S, Hong H, Yu W, Li K, Zeng Q, Luo X, Yu X, Sun J, Zhang M, Huang P. Characterization of Lenticulostriate Arteries and Its Associations With Vascular Risk Factors in Community-Dwelling Elderly. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:685571. [PMID: 34239436 PMCID: PMC8258402 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.685571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) supply blood to important subcortical areas and are, therefore, essential for maintaining the optimal functioning of the brain’s most metabolically active nuclei. Past studies have demonstrated the potential for quantifying the morphology of LSAs as biomarkers of vascular fragility or underlying arteriopathies. Thus, the current study aims to evaluate the morphological features of LSAs, their potential value in cerebrovascular risk stratification, and their concordance with other vascular risk factors in community-dwelling elderly people. A total of 125 community-dwelling elderly subjects who underwent a brain MRI scan were selected from our prospectively collected imaging database. The morphological measures of LSAs were calculated on the vascular skeletons obtained by manual tracing, and the number of LSAs was counted. Additionally, imaging biomarkers of small vessel disease were evaluated, and the diameters of major cerebral arteries were measured. The effects of vascular risk factors on LSA morphometry, as well as the relationship between LSA measures and other imaging biomarkers, were investigated. We found that smokers had shorter (p = 0.04) and straighter LSAs (p < 0.01) compared to nonsmokers, and the presence of hypertension is associated with less tortuous LSAs (p = 0.03) in community-dwelling elderly. Moreover, the middle cerebral artery diameter was positively correlated with LSA count (r = 0.278, p = 0.025) and vessel tortuosity (r = 0.257, p = 0.04). The posterior cerebral artery diameter was positively correlated with vessel tortuosity and vessel length. Considering the scarcity of noninvasive methods for measuring small artery abnormalities in the brain, the LSA morphological measures may provide valuable information to better understand cerebral small vessel degeneration during aging.
Collapse
|
53
|
Shengming J, Yu W, Junlong W, Chengyuan G, Wenqi G, Bing L, Yao Z, Dingwei Y. The germline mutation landscape of cancer susceptibility genes in Chinese patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
54
|
Yu W, Barrett J, Liu P, Parameswaran A, Chiu ES, Lu CP. Novel evidence of androgen receptor immunoreactivity in skin tunnels of hidradenitis suppurativa: assessment of sex and individual variability. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:855-858. [PMID: 34047363 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
55
|
Yu W, Shen F. Does fact-checking habit promote COVID-19 knowledge during the pandemic? Evidence from China. Public Health 2021; 196:85-90. [PMID: 34166857 PMCID: PMC8141691 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Promoting health knowledge during a public health crisis is essential. This study aims to examine how fact-checking habit influences COVID-19 knowledge in the COVID-19 infodemic. Study design This study uses a cross-sectional survey. Methods During the early outbreak of COVID-19 in China, we conducted an online survey and collected data from 3000 representative Chinese Internet users. The study measured COVID-19 knowledge as a dependent variable, fact-checking habit as an independent variable, and general science knowledge and negative emotion as moderators. Internet use and several demographic factors were used as control variables. Ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between fact-checking habit and COVID-19 knowledge as a function of science knowledge and negative emotion. Results Fact-checking habit was negatively associated with COVID-19 knowledge, and the relationship was moderated by general science knowledge and negative emotion. For those with less science knowledge or higher levels of negative emotion, COVID-19 knowledge was lower with the increase of experience in fact-checking. Conclusions During a pandemic, individuals may not be able to obtain high-quality information, even if they regularly fact-check information, and especially when they lack knowledge about science or are influenced by negative emotion. To promote health knowledge during a public health crisis, basic science literacy must be promoted, and the psychological impact of the crisis on the population must also be considered.
Collapse
|
56
|
Wang S, Huang P, Zhang R, Hong H, Jiaerken Y, Lian C, Yu X, Luo X, Li K, Zeng Q, Xu X, Yu W, Wu X, Zhang M. Quantity and Morphology of Perivascular Spaces: Associations With Vascular Risk Factors and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1326-1336. [PMID: 33998738 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perivascular spaces (PVSs) are important component of the brain glymphatic system. While visual rating has been widely used to assess PVS, computational measures may have higher sensitivity for capturing PVS characteristics under disease conditions. PURPOSE To compute quantitative and morphological PVS features and to assess their associations with vascular risk factors and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION One hundred sixty-one middle-aged/later middle-aged subjects (age = 60.4 ± 7.3). SEQUENCE 3D T1-weighted, T2-weighted and T2-FLAIR sequences, and susceptibility-weighted multiecho gradient-echo sequence on a 3 T scanner. ASSESSMENT Automated PVS segmentation was performed on sub-millimeter T2-weighted images. Quantitative and morphological PVS features were calculated in white matter (WM) and basal ganglia (BG) regions, including volume, count, size, length (Lmaj ), width (Lmin ), and linearity. Visual PVS scores were also acquired for comparison. STATISTICAL TESTS Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations among variables. RESULTS WM-PVS visual score and count were associated with hypertension (β = 0.161, P < 0.05; β = 0.193, P < 0.05), as were BG-PVS rating score, volume, count and Lmin (β = 0.197, P < 0.05; β = 0.170, P < 0.05; β = 0.200, P < 0.05; β = 0.172, P < 0.05). WM-PVS size was associated with diabetes (β = 0.165, P < 0.05). WM-PVS and BG-PVS were associated with CSVD markers, especially white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that WM/BG-PVS quantitative measures were widely associated with vascular risk factors and CSVD markers (P < 0.05). Morphological measures were associated with WMH severity in WM region and also associated with lacunes and microbleeds (P < 0.05) in BG region. DATA CONCLUSION These novel PVS measures may capture mild PVS alterations driven by different pathologies. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
Collapse
|
57
|
Yu W, Marohn M, Lin M, Barrett J, Chiu E, Lu C. 030 Defining adaptive and innate immune cell profiles in Hidradenitis Suppurativa at the single cell resolution. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
58
|
Lin M, Marohn M, Yu W, Mendoza C, Remark J, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Chiu E, Lu C. 565 Epidermal remodeling and immunogenicity within sinus tracts in hidradenitis suppurativa at the single-cell resolution. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
59
|
Yu W, Hurley J, Roberts D, Chakrabortty SK, Enderle D, Noerholm M, Breakefield XO, Skog JK. Exosome-based liquid biopsies in cancer: opportunities and challenges. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:466-477. [PMID: 33548389 PMCID: PMC8268076 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy in cancer has gained momentum in clinical research and is experiencing a boom for a variety of applications. There are significant efforts to utilize liquid biopsies in cancer for early detection and treatment stratification, as well as residual disease and recurrence monitoring. Although most efforts have used circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA for this purpose, exosomes and other extracellular vesicles have emerged as a platform with potentially broader and complementary applications. Exosomes/extracellular vesicles are small vesicles released by cells, including cancer cells, into the surrounding biofluids. These exosomes contain tumor-derived materials such as DNA, RNA, protein, lipid, sugar structures, and metabolites. In addition, exosomes carry molecules on their surface that provides clues regarding their origin, making it possible to sort vesicle types and enrich signatures from tissue-specific origins. Exosomes are part of the intercellular communication system and cancer cells frequently use them as biological messengers to benefit their growth. Since exosomes are part of the disease process, they have become of tremendous interest in biomarker research. Exosomes are remarkably stable in biofluids, such as plasma and urine, and can be isolated for clinical evaluation even in the early stages of the disease. Exosome-based biomarkers have quickly become adopted in the clinical arena and the first exosome RNA-based prostate cancer test has already helped >50 000 patients in their decision process and is now included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for early prostate cancer detection. This review will discuss the advantages and challenges of exosome-based liquid biopsies for tumor biomarkers and clinical implementation in the context of circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells.
Collapse
|
60
|
Huang P, Zhu Z, Zhang R, Wu X, Jiaerken Y, Wang S, Yu W, Hong H, Lian C, Li K, Zeng Q, Luo X, Xu X, Yu X, Yang Y, Zhang M. Factors Associated With the Dilation of Perivascular Space in Healthy Elderly Subjects. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:624732. [PMID: 33841126 PMCID: PMC8032856 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.624732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The dilation of perivascular space (PVS) has been widely used to reflect brain degeneration in clinical brain imaging studies. However, PVS characteristics exhibit large differences in healthy subjects. Such variations need to be better addressed before PVS can be used to reflect pathological changes. In the present study, we aim to investigate the potential influence of several related factors on PVS dilation in healthy elderly subjects. Methods: One-hundred and three subjects (mean age = 59.5) were retrospectively included from a prospectively collected community cohort. Multi-modal high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessments were performed on each subject. Machine-learning based segmentation methods were employed to quantify PVS volume and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. Multiple regression analysis was performed to reveal the influence of demographic factors, vascular risk factors, intracranial volume (ICV), major brain artery diameters, and brain atrophy on PVS dilation. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that age was positively associated with the basal ganglia (BG) (standardized beta = 0.227, p = 0.027) and deep white matter (standardized beta = 0.220, p = 0.029) PVS volume. Hypertension was positively associated with deep white matter PVS volume (standardized beta = 0.234, p = 0.017). Furthermore, we found that ICV was strongly associated with the deep white matter PVS volume (standardized beta = 0.354, p < 0.001) while the intracranial artery diameter was negatively associated with the deep white matter PVS volume (standardized beta = -0.213, p = 0.032). Conclusions: Intracranial volume has significant influence on deep white matter PVS volume. Future studies on PVS dilation should include ICV as an important covariate.
Collapse
|
61
|
Shang JF, Chen D, Fang W, Teng F, Cui YY, Fu W, Yu W, Dong F, Li Q. [Absence of arterial duct in fetus: an autopsy analysis]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 50:213-216. [PMID: 33677884 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201130-00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the absence of congenital arterial duct in fetus and to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods: Four hundred cases of congenital heart disease diagnosed by echocardiography during pregnancy were examined the fetal cardiovascular malformation and visceral malformation, and the absence of arterial duct was analyzed. Results: There were 24(6%)cases of absence of arterial duct, including 19 cases of left aortic arch and five cases of right aortic arch. There were 21 cases with main pulmonary arteries and 3 cases without main pulmonary arteries and branches. There were 15 cases of pulmonary artery stenosis with absence of arterial duct and the major cardiovascular malformations included six cases of single ventricle, six cases of atrial septal defect, four cases of single atrium, four cases of right atrium isomerism, four cases of double outlet right ventricle, four cases of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, three cases of tetralogy of Fallot, and three cases of persistent left superior vena cava. There were seven cases of pulmonary atresia with absence of arterial duct and with systemic-pulmonary collateral circulation. There was one case of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve and absent arterial duct and the pulmonary artery was dilated. There was one case of aortopulmonary septal defect with absent arterial duct, with normal pulmonary artery. There were also seven cases of asplenia, seven cases of pulmonary abnormality and seven cases of visceral inversion. Conclusions: The absence of arterial duct is often associated with congenital heart disease. Pulmonary atresia is often associated with systemic-pulmonary collateral circulation. The visceral malformations are related to the accompanying congenital cardiovascular malformations.
Collapse
|
62
|
Lee J, Wistuba I, Ngiam C, Yu W, Schulze K, Rocha M, Bara I, Carbone D, Johnson B, Kwiatkowski D, Center M, Chaft J. P03.04 Phase II Study of TKIs as Neo(adjuvant) Therapy in Stage II–III Resectable NSCLC with ALK, ROS1, NTRK or BRAFV600 Alterations. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
63
|
Zhang R, Yu W, Wu X, Jiaerken Y, Wang S, Hong H, Li K, Zeng Q, Luo X, Yu X, Xu X, Zhang M, Huang P. Disentangling the pathologies linking white matter hyperintensity and geriatric depressive symptoms in subjects with different degrees of vascular impairment. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:1005-1010. [PMID: 33601672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is closely associated with geriatric depressive symptoms, but its underlying neural mechanism is unclear. We aim to disentangle the contribution of vascular degeneration and fiber disruption to depressive symptoms in elderly subjects at different clinical status. METHODS One hundred and thirty-three normal elderly subjects, as well as 43 patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) were included. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Based on the diffusion tensor imaging data, a free water elimination analytical model was adopted to reflect fiber tract disruption (measure: tissue fractional anisotropy, tFA) and increased white matter water content (measure: free water fraction, FW). RESULTS We found that WMH severity was significantly correlated with decreased tFA and increased FW in all subjects. In normal elderly subjects, the HAMD score was correlated with mean tFA, but not FW. Compared to the traditional fractional anisotropy measure, tFA showed stronger correlation with clinical symptoms. In CSVD subjects, the correlation was only significant for FW, and marginally significant for tFA. LIMITATIONS Most subjects had only mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Further validation in patients with major depressive disorder is needed to confirm these findings. CONCLUSIONS The neural mechanisms of depressive symptoms may be different in elderly people with or without severe vascular damage. The free water elimination model may disentangle the effects of fiber disruption and increased free water, providing sensitive imaging markers that could potentially be used on monitoring disease treatment.
Collapse
|
64
|
Zhang C, Feng W, Hou R, Zeng W, Zhang Q, Yu W, Cai X, Fu X. P17.01 Adaptive Elastic-Net Nomogram Predicting Disease-Free Survival in Resected Stage IIIA (N2) Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
65
|
Huang P, Zhang R, Jiaerken Y, Wang S, Hong H, Yu W, Lian C, Li K, Zeng Q, Luo X, Yu X, Wu X, Xu X, Zhang M. White Matter Free Water is a Composite Marker of Cerebral Small Vessel Degeneration. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 13:56-64. [PMID: 33634379 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the association between white matter free water (FW) and common imaging markers of cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) in two groups of subjects with different clinical status. One hundred and forty-four community subjects (mean age 60.5) and 84 CSVD subjects (mean age 61.2) were retrospectively included in the present study. All subjects received multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging and clinical assessments. The association between white matter FW and common CSVD imaging markers, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), dilated perivascular space (PVS), lacunes, and microbleeds, were assessed using simple and multiple regression analysis. The association between FW and cognitive scores were also investigated. White matter FW was positively associated with WMH volume (β = 0.270, p = 0.001), PVS volume (β = 0.290, p < 0.001), number of microbleeds (β = 0.148, p = 0.043), and age (β = 0.170, p = 0.036) in the community cohort. In the CSVD cohort, FW was positively associated with WMH volume (β = 0.648, p < 0.001), PVS score (β = 0.224, p < 0.001), number of lacunes (β = 0.140, p = 0.046), and sex (β = 0.125, p = 0.036). The associations between FW and cognitive scores were stronger than conventional CSVD markers in both datasets. White matter FW is a potential composite marker that can sensitively detect cerebral small vessel degeneration and also reflect cognitive impairments.
Collapse
|
66
|
Fu X, Yu W, Ke M, Wang X, Zhang J, Luo T, Massman PJ, Doody RS, Lü Y. Chinese Version of the Baylor Profound Mental Status Examination: A Brief Staging Measure for Patients with Severe Alzheimer's Disease. JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2021; 8:175-180. [PMID: 33569564 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2020.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A specialized instrument for assessing the cognition of patients with severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) is needed in China. OBJECTIVES To validate the Chinese version of the Baylor Profound Mental Status Examination (BPMSE-Ch). DESIGN The BPMSE is a simplified scale which has proved to be a reliable and valid tool for evaluating patients with moderate to severe AD, it is worthwhile to extend the use of it to Chinese patients with AD. SETTING Patients were assessed from the Memory Clinic Outpatient. PARTICIPANTS All participants were diagnosed as having probable AD by assessment. MEASUREMENTS The BPMSE was translated into Chinese and back translated. The BPMSE-Ch was administered to 102 AD patients with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score below 17. We assessed the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity between the BPMSE-Ch and MMSE, Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), Global Deterioration Scale (GDS-1), Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-2), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). RESULTS The BPMSE-Ch showed good internal consistency (α = 0.87); inter-rater and test-retest reliability were both excellent, ranging from 0.91 to 0.99. The construct validity of the measure was also supported by significant correlations with MMSE, SIB. Moreover, as expected, the BMPSE-Ch had a lower floor effect than the MMSE, but a ceiling effect existed for patients with MMSE scores above 11. CONCLUSIONS The BPMSE-Ch is a reliable and valid tool for evaluating cognitive function in Chinese patients with severe AD.
Collapse
|
67
|
Guo F, Song X, Li Y, Guan W, Pan W, Yu W, Li T, Hsieh E. Longitudinal change in bone mineral density among Chinese individuals with HIV after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:321-332. [PMID: 32803316 PMCID: PMC9509525 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This is the first study to report changes in BMD and related risk factors among Chinese patients with HIV after initiation of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing antiretroviral therapy. Greater bone mineral density (BMD) loss was observed in patients treated with TDF, compared to those on non-TDF-containing regimens. Our findings provide important knowledge regarding the risk factors in the long-term clinical management of patients with HIV in China. INTRODUCTION Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk for osteoporosis and fracture. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with higher rates of bone mineral density (BMD) loss, osteoporosis, and fracture. Few studies have studied the impact among PLWH in Asia. METHODS We analyzed retrospectively patients from the outpatient HIV clinic of a large tertiary hospital in Beijing, China, from March 2007 to May 2016. Patients who had dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry testing prior to antiretroviral initiation and at 48 and/or 96 weeks after initiation were included in this analysis. RESULTS A total of 136 patients were included (mean age 36.0 ± 10.6 years) and over 90% participants were male and Han Chinese ethnicity. We observed greater declines in BMD at the spine from baseline to week 48 (-2.94% vs. -0.74%) and at the hip from baseline to week 96 (-4.37% vs. -2.34%) in the TDF group compared with the non-TDF group. With regard to HIV-specific parameters, longer duration since HIV diagnosis and undetectable viral load over time were associated with lower BMD at the hip [relative risk (RR) 0.97, 95% confidence index (CI) (0.95, 0.99) per 1 year increase and RR 0.96, 95%CI (0.94, 0.99), respectively] and femoral neck [RR 0.97, 95%CI (0.95, 0.99) per 1 year increase and RR 0.97, 95%CI (0.95, 0.998), respectively] over 96 weeks. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report changes in BMD among PLWH after initiation of TDF-based antiretroviral therapy in China. Our findings provide important knowledge for the long-term clinical management of PLWH from this region.
Collapse
|
68
|
Soun JE, Chow DS, Nagamine M, Takhtawala RS, Filippi CG, Yu W, Chang PD. Artificial Intelligence and Acute Stroke Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2-11. [PMID: 33243898 PMCID: PMC7814792 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence technology is a rapidly expanding field with many applications in acute stroke imaging, including ischemic and hemorrhage subtypes. Early identification of acute stroke is critical for initiating prompt intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. Artificial intelligence can help with various aspects of the stroke treatment paradigm, including infarct or hemorrhage detection, segmentation, classification, large vessel occlusion detection, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score grading, and prognostication. In particular, emerging artificial intelligence techniques such as convolutional neural networks show promise in performing these imaging-based tasks efficiently and accurately. The purpose of this review is twofold: first, to describe AI methods and available public and commercial platforms in stroke imaging, and second, to summarize the literature of current artificial intelligence-driven applications for acute stroke triage, surveillance, and prediction.
Collapse
|
69
|
Higgins K, Curran W, Liu S, Yu W, Brockman M, Johnson A, Bara I, Bradley J. Patterns of Disease Progression after Carboplatin/Etoposide + Atezolizumab in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:1398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
70
|
Lin L, Zhang CF, Wang P, Gao H, Guan X, Han JL, Jiang JC, Jiang P, Lee KJ, Li D, Men YP, Miao CC, Niu CH, Niu JR, Sun C, Wang BJ, Wang ZL, Xu H, Xu JL, Xu JW, Yang YH, Yang YP, Yu W, Zhang B, Zhang BB, Zhou DJ, Zhu WW, Castro-Tirado AJ, Dai ZG, Ge MY, Hu YD, Li CK, Li Y, Li Z, Liang EW, Jia SM, Querel R, Shao L, Wang FY, Wang XG, Wu XF, Xiong SL, Xu RX, Yang YS, Zhang GQ, Zhang SN, Zheng TC, Zou JH. No pulsed radio emission during a bursting phase of a Galactic magnetar. Nature 2020; 587:63-65. [PMID: 33149293 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown physical origin observed at extragalactic distances1-3. It has long been speculated that magnetars are the engine powering repeating bursts from FRB sources4-13, but no convincing evidence has been collected so far14. Recently, the Galactic magnetar SRG 1935+2154 entered an active phase by emitting intense soft γ-ray bursts15. One FRB-like event with two peaks (FRB 200428) and a luminosity slightly lower than the faintest extragalactic FRBs was detected from the source, in association with a soft γ-ray/hard-X-ray flare18-21. Here we report an eight-hour targeted radio observational campaign comprising four sessions and assisted by multi-wavelength (optical and hard-X-ray) data. During the third session, 29 soft-γ-ray repeater (SGR) bursts were detected in γ-ray energies. Throughout the observing period, we detected no single dispersed pulsed emission coincident with the arrivals of SGR bursts, but unfortunately we were not observing when the FRB was detected. The non-detection places a fluence upper limit that is eight orders of magnitude lower than the fluence of FRB 200428. Our results suggest that FRB-SGR burst associations are rare. FRBs may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts may have narrow spectra and characteristic frequencies outside the observed band. It is also possible that the physical conditions required to achieve coherent radiation in SGR bursts are difficult to satisfy, and that only under extreme conditions could an FRB be associated with an SGR burst.
Collapse
|
71
|
Liu FQ, Liu CP, Xu MH, Zhu J, Yu W, Wang LL. Effects of sevoflurane postconditioning on the expression of AKT/mTOR and apoptosis of myocardial cells in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion rats. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1909-1913. [PMID: 33147940 DOI: 10.23812/20-429-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
72
|
Yu F, Ni J, Yu W, Fu X, Zhu Z. Clinical Value and Optimal Timing of Cranial Local Therapy among EGFR-Mutant Non-small-cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases in the Era of Osimertinib. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
73
|
Zhang C, Feng W, Zhang Q, Hou R, Zeng W, Yu W, Cai X, Fu X. Prognostic Index for Estimating the Effect of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Pathologic Stage IIIA (N2) Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Real-World Validation Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
74
|
Bai W, Yu D, Zhu B, Yu X, Duan R, Li Y, Yu W, Hua W, Kou C. Diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography colonography in patients at high risk for colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1528-1537. [PMID: 32277562 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to explore the diagnostic value of computed tomographic colonography (CTC) compared with conventional colonoscopy in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer. METHOD PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science were searched by two independent reviewers for potentially eligible studies published up to 31 October 2018 that were based on a per-patient analysis. stata, meta-disc and revman were used to perform this meta-analysis. A random-effect model was used, and a subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 14 full-text articles, involving 3578 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve of CTC for detecting polyps ≥ 6 mm were 0.87 (95% CI 0.83-0.90), 0.90 (95% CI 0.86-0.93), 9.08 (95% CI 6.28-13.13), 0.14 (95% CI 0.11-0.18) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.92-0.96), respectively. For polyps ≥ 10 mm, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of CTC were 0.91 (95% CI 0.86-0.94), 0.98 (95% CI 0.95-0.99), 40.36 (95% CI 19.16-85.03), 0.90 (95% CI 0.06-0.14) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), respectively. CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis, CTC had high diagnostic accuracy for detecting polyps ≥ 6 mm and ≥ 10 mm in patients at high risk of developing colorectal cancer and it had a higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting polyps ≥ 10 mm than polyps ≥ 6 mm. However, the results should be used cautiously due to the significant heterogeneity.
Collapse
|
75
|
Wu D, Yu W, Fritzsche S, He XT. Particle-in-cell simulation method for macroscopic degenerate plasmas. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:033312. [PMID: 33075929 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.033312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays hydrodynamic equations coupled with external equation of states provided by quantum mechanical calculations is a widely used approach for simulations of macroscopic degenerate plasmas. Although such an approach is proven to be efficient and shows many good features, especially for large scale simulations, it encounters intrinsic challenges when involving kinetic effects. As a complement, here we have invented a fully kinetic numerical approach for macroscopic degenerate plasmas. This approach is based on first principle Boltzmann-Uhling-Uhlenbeck equations coupled with Maxwell's equation, and is eventually achieved via an existing particle-in-cell simulation code named LAPINS. In this approach, degenerate particles obey Fermi-Dirac statistics and nondegenerate particles follow the typical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics. The equation of motion of both degenerate and nondegenerate particles are governed by long range collective electromagnetic fields and close particle-particle collisions. Especially, Boltzmann-Uhling-Uhlenbeck collisions ensure that evolution of degenerate particles is enforced by the Pauli exclusion principle. The code is applied to several benchmark simulations, including electronic conductivity for aluminium with varying temperatures from 2 eV to 50 eV, thermalization of alpha particles in a cold fuel shell in inertial confinement fusion, and rapid heating of solid sample by short and intense laser pulses.
Collapse
|