51
|
Zhang XX, Li S, Xu SS, Yin Y, Li F, Li XT. [Role of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in liver lipid metabolism induced by methionine-choline-deficient diet in rats]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2021; 29:163-168. [PMID: 33685086 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20191010-00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1.25(OH) (2)D(3)] in liver lipid metabolism so as to provide the clues for elucidating the mechanism of non-alcoholic fatty liver. Methods: 26 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (methionine-choline-sufficient diet, MCS), model group (methionine-choline-deficiency diet, MCD) and intervention group [MCD+1.25(OH) (2)D(3)]. The intervention, control, and model group was given 3 ng/100 g 1.25(OH) (2)D(3) peanut oil solution per day by gavage according to body mass. After 4 weeks the experiment was ended up, and the blood was collected from the inferior vena cava to detect alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The liver tissue was collected to observe the liver morphological and pathological changes (oil red O and HE staining). The changes in the level of liver total triglyceride (TG) content and liver lipid metabolism-related genes [fatty acid transfer protein (FAT/CD36), acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC1)] mRNA and protein were detected. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the means between groups. Results: Oil red O staining and HE staining showed that lipid droplet-vacuoles were significantly increased in the liver tissue of the model group than that of the intervention group. The liver TG content (2.23 ± 0.98) μmol/g of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the model group (3.53 ± 1.06) μmol/g (F = 5.930, P = 0.035). The ALT content of the intervention group (35.99±9.54) U/L was significantly lower than that of the model group (57.65 ± 19.42) U/L (F = 13.790, P = 0.034). The AST content of the intervention group (16.9 ± 3.73) U/L was significantly lower than that of the model group (27.81 ± 13.31) U/L (F = 3.084, P = 0.046). The relative expression levels of mRNA and protein (mRNA: 1.21 ± 0.61, protein: 1.54 ± 0.75) of FAT/CD36 in the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the model group (mRNA: 2.31 ± 0.81, protein: 2.83 ± 1.42) (mRNA: F = 8.370, P = 0.001, protein: F = 7.212, P = 0.043). The relative expression level of mRNA and protein of ACC1 (mRNA: 0.89 ± 0.54, protein: 0.28 ± 0.11) were also significantly lower than those in model group (mRNA: 1.39 ± 0.19, protein: 0.47 ± 0.24) (mRNA: F = 3.948, P = 0.036, protein: F = 10.933, P = 0.048). Conclusion: 1.25(OH) (2)D(3) can reduce liver fat deposition in rats fed with MCD by inhibiting the expression of fat / CD36 and ACC1.
Collapse
|
52
|
Gao Y, Zhang XX, Li S, Lu Y. [Application of artificial intelligence technology in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2021; 23:1155-1158. [PMID: 33353269 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200213-00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and medicine is an important milestone in the development of modern medicine, which realizes the digitalization and intelligence for clinicians in the process of diagnosis and treatment. This is not a competition between human and machine, but a collaborative progress and development. The incidence of colorectal cancer remains high in China. The introduction of AI technology in lymph node metastasis, circumferential resection margin, neoadjuvant therapy, genetic diagnosis, radiomics, pathological assistance and colonoscopy diagnosis has further improved the diagnosis and treatment, as well as the evaluation and prediction of the disease of colorectal cancer. This article will review and comment on the application of AI technology in colorectal cancer staging, neoadjuvant therapy, gene diagnosis, pathological assistance and other aspects.
Collapse
|
53
|
Wei C, Luo HP, Wang YC, Huang XX, Zhang MH, Zhang XX, Wang D, Ge JJ, Xu L, Jiang H, Ju X. Analyses of the genetic relationships between lactose, somatic cell score, and growth traits in Simmental cattle. Animal 2021; 15:100027. [PMID: 33573989 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactose and somatic cell score (SCS) are major economic traits of milk. However, for many countries, they are typically not directly considered in the national genetic evaluation of Simmental cattle. This study aimed to estimate the genetic relationships between lactose, SCS, and growth traits of Simmental cattle to provide information for the national genetic evaluation of the selection of traits of this cattle population. The data of 1781 animals with 6519 records obtained over a period of 41 years (1975-2016) were collected from Xinjiang Hutubi Farm, China. The analyzed traits included 305 days of milk yield (305MY), milk fat percentage (MFP), milk protein percentage (MPP), milk lactose percentage (MLP), total solids (TS), SCS, body height (BH), body length (BL), chest girth (CG), abdominal circumference (AC), rump width (RW), rump length (RL), leg circumference (LC), and cannon circumference (CC). The multiple-trait repeatability model was adopted to estimate (co)variance components using the average information-restricted maximum likelihood method implemented using the DMU statistical package. The heritability estimates for milk components and growth traits ranged from 0.09 (SCS) to 0.51 (BH). Genetic correlations for milk components ranged from 0.03 ± 0.14 (MFP and MLP) to 0.81 ± 0.08 (MFP and MPP). Genetic correlation between MLP and SCS was moderate and negative (-0.50 ± 0.15) compared with that among other traits. Genetic correlations between the milk components and growth traits ranged from 0.00 ± 0.07 (305MY and RW) to -0.64 ± 0.15 (MLP and BL). Genetic correlations of BL, LC, RW, and RL with MLP were moderate to high and negative ranging from -0.39 to -0.64. Somatic cell score showed the highest correlation with BL (0.41) followed by LC (0.21). An increase in MLP would result in an increase in 305MY or TS and a decrease in BL, LC, RW, and RL. Additionally, a decrease in SCS would occur with the selection of increased MLP and reduced BL. We conclude that selection based on easily and inexpensively measured growth traits could improve the milk quality from Simmental cattle.
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhang YK, Zhang XX, Li FD, Li C, Li GZ, Zhang DY, Song QZ, Li XL, Zhao Y, Wang WM. Characterization of the rumen microbiota and its relationship with residual feed intake in sheep. Animal 2021; 15:100161. [PMID: 33785185 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Feed efficiency is a highly important economic trait in sheep production and has a significant impact on the economic benefits of sheep farming. Microbial fermentation of the rumen has a vital role in the host's nutrition; the rumen microbiota might affect host feed efficiency. However, the relationship between the rumen microbiota and feed efficiency in sheep is unclear. In the present study, the microbiota of 195 Hu sheep was investigated and their residual feed intake (RFI), a commonly used measure of feed efficiency, was determined. From birth, all sheep were subjected to the same management practices. At slaughter, samples of liquid rumen contents were collected and subjected to amplicon sequencing for the 16S rDNA gene on the IonS5™XL platform. To identify the bacterial taxa differentially represented at the genus or higher taxonomy levels, we used linear discriminant analysis coupled with effect size and curve fitting. In the sheep rumen, the four most abundant phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacteres, and Proteobacteria; and the dominant genera were unidentified Prevotellaceae, Fibrobacter, unidentified Lachnospiraceae, Saccharofermentans, and Succinivibrio. Pathway analysis of the 16S rDNA sequencing data from the rumen microbiota identified that carbohydrate metabolism was enriched. Using α-diversity analysis, we further identified that Observed species, ACE, Good's coverage, and Chao1 are more abundant (P < 0.01) in the low-RFI (L-RFI) group compared to the high-RFI (H-RFI) group. High-RFI sheep had a higher abundance of three bacterial taxa (Prevotellaceae, Negativicutes, and Selenomonadales), and one taxa was overrepresented in the L-RFI sheep (Succinivibrio), respectively. Furthermore, model fitting showed that Veillonellaceae, Sphaerochaeta, Negativibacillus, Saccharofermentans, and members of the Tenericutes, Kiritimatiellaeota, Deltaproteobacteria, and Campylobacterales were correlated with the sheep RFI classification and thus were indicative of a role in animal efficiency. Tax4Fun analysis revealed that metabolic pathways such as "energy metabolism," "metabolism of cofactors and vitamins," "poorly characterized," and "replication recombination and repair proteins" were enriched in the rumen from H-RFI sheep, and "genetic information processing" and "lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis" were overrepresented in L-RFI sheep rumen. In addition, six Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology pathways were identified as different between H-RFI and L-RFI groups. In conclusion, the low RFI phenotype (efficient animals) consistently (or characteristically) exhibited a more abundant and diverse microbiome in sheep.
Collapse
|
55
|
Feng LZ, Yang T, Wang Q, Yang Y, Leng ZW, Chen SY, Jia MM, Zhang T, Chen FY, Zhang XX, Yang WZ. [Prevent infectious diseases through vaccination, and protect health of the elderly]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 100:3821-3826. [PMID: 33091972 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20201020-02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
56
|
Zhang XX, Tian Y, Wang ZT, Ma YH, Tan L, Yu JT. The Epidemiology of Alzheimer's Disease Modifiable Risk Factors and Prevention. JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2021; 8:313-321. [PMID: 34101789 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2021.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mild Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 50-70% of cases. Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease, which affects daily life activities and social functioning. As life expectancy increases and demographic ageing occurs, the global prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is expected to continue to rise especially in developing countries, leading to a costly burden of disease. Alzheimer's disease is a complex and multifactorial disorder that is determined by the interaction of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors across the life course. Epidemiological studies have identified potential modifiable risk and protective factors for Alzheimer's disease prevention. Moreover, Alzheimer's disease is considered to start decades earlier before clinical symptoms occur, thus interventions targeting several risk factors in non-demented elderly people even middle-aged population might prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease onset. Here, we provide an overview of current epidemiological advances related to Alzheimer's disease modifiable risk factors, highlighting the concept of early prevention.
Collapse
|
57
|
Liu SH, Hou XY, Zhang XX, Liu GW, Xin FJ, Wang JG, Zhang DL, Wang DS, Lu Y. [Establishment and validation of a predictive nomogram model for advanced gastric cancer with perineural invasion]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2020; 23:1059-1066. [PMID: 33212554 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200103-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Peripheral nerve invasion (PNI) is associated with local recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer. A risk-assessment model based on preoperative indicators for predicting PNI of gastric cancer may help to formulate a more reasonable and accurate individualized diagnosis and treatment plan. Methods: Inclusion criteria: (1) electronic gastroscopy and enhanced CT examination of the upper abdomen were performed before surgery; (2) radical gastric cancer surgery (D2 lymph node dissection, R0 resection) was performed; (3) no distant metastasis was confirmed before and during operation; (4) postoperative pathology showed an advanced gastric cancer (T2-4aN0-3M0), and the clinical data was complete. Those who had other malignant tumors at the same time or in the past, and received neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy or immunotherapy before surgery were excluded. In this retrospective case-control study, 550 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent curative gastrectomy between September 2017 and June 2019 were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University for modeling and internal verification, including 262 (47.6%) PNI positive and 288 (52.4%) PNI negative patients. According to the same standard, clinical data of 50 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent radical surgery from July to November 2019 in Qingdao Municipal Hospital were selected for external verification of the model. There were no statistically significant differences between the clinical data of internal verification and external verification (all P>0.05). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the independent risk factors for PNI in advanced gastric cancer, and the clinical indicators with statistically significant difference were used to establish a preoperative nomogram model through R software. The Bootstrap method was applied as internal verification to show the robustness of the model. The discrimination of the nomogram was determined by calculating the average consistency index (C-index). The calibration curve was used to evaluate the consistency of the predicted results with the actual results. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to examine the goodness of fit of the discriminant model. During external verification, the corresponding C-index index was also calculated. The area under ROC curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the nomogram in the internal verification and external verification groups. Results: A total of 550 patients were identified in this study, 262 (47.6%) of which had PNI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that carcinoembryonic antigen level ≥ 5 μg/L (OR=5.870, 95% CI: 3.281-10.502, P<0.001), tumor length ≥5 cm (OR=5.539,95% CI: 3.165-9.694, P<0.001), mixed Lauren classification (OR=2.611, 95%CI: 1.272-5.360, P=0.009), cT3 stage (OR=13.053, 95% CI: 5.612-30.361, P<0.001) and the presence of lymph node metastasis (OR=4.826, 95% CI: 2.729-8.533, P<0.001) were significant independent risk factors of PNI in advanced gastric cancer (all P<0.05). Based on these results, diffused Lauren classification and cT4 stage were included to establish a predictive nomogram model. CEA ≥ 5 μg/L was for 68 points, tumor length ≥ 5 cm was for 67 points, mixed Lauren classification was for 21 points, diffused Lauren classification was for 38 points, cT3 stage was for 75 points, cT4 stage was for 100 points, and lymph node metastasis was for 62 points. Adding the scores of all risk factors was total score, and the probability corresponding to the total score was the probability that the model predicted PNI in advanced gastric cancer before surgery. The internal verification result revealed that the AUC of nomogram was 0.935, which was superior than that of any single variable, such as CEA, Lauren classification, cT stage, tumor length and lymph node metastasis (AUC: 0.731, 0.595, 0.838, 0.757 and 0.802, respectively). The external verification result revealed the AUC of nomogram was 0.828. The C-ndex was 0.931 after internal verification. External verification showed a C-index of 0.828 from the model. The calibration curve showed that the predictive results were good in accordance with the actual results (P=0.415). Conclusion: A nomogram model constructed by CEA, tumor length, Lauren classification (mixed, diffuse), cT stage, and lymph node metastasis can predict the PNI of advanced gastric cancer before surgery.
Collapse
|
58
|
Dong ZC, Zhang D, Zhang XX, Yao ZQ, Wu H, Chen CH, Tian JQ. MiR-155 affects proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 24:11990. [PMID: 33336717 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_23976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "MiR-155 affects proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway, by Z.-C. Dong, D. Zhang, X.-X. Zhang, Z.-Q. Yao, H. Wu, C.-H. Chen, J.-Q. Tian, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (13): 5682-5690-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201907_18305-PMID: 31298320" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/18305.
Collapse
|
59
|
Zhang DY, Zhang XX, Li GZ, Li XL, Zhang YK, Zhao Y, Song QZ, Wang WM. Transcriptome analysis of long noncoding RNAs ribonucleic acids from the livers of Hu sheep with different residual feed intake. Animal 2020; 15:100098. [PMID: 33573993 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), as key regulators, have vital functions in various biological activities. However, in sheep, little has been reported concerning the genetic mechanism of LncRNA regulation of feed efficiency. In the present study, we explored the genome-wide expression of LncRNAs and transcripts of uncertain coding potential (TUCPs) in the livers of sheep with extreme residual feed intake (RFI) using RNA sequencing. We identified 1 523 TUCPs and 1 996 LncRNAs, among which 10 LncRNAs and 16 TUCPs were identified as being differentially expressed between the High-RFI and Low-RFI groups. Co-expression and co-localization methods were used to search for LncRNA and TUCP target genes, which identified 970/1 538 and 23/27 genes, respectively. Ontology and pathways analysis revealed that the LncRNAs/TUCPs that were highly expressed in the Low-RFI group are mostly concentrated in energy metabolism pathways. For example, LNC_000890 and TUCP_000582 might regulate liver tissue metabolic efficiency. The LncRNAs/TUCPs that were highly expressed in the High-RFI group are mostly enriched in immune function pathways. For example, TUCP_000832 might regulate animal health, thereby affecting feed efficiency. Subsequently, a co-expression network was established by applying the expression information of both the differentially expressed LncRNAs and TUCPs and their target mRNAs. The network indicated that differentially expressed genes targeted by the upregulated LncRNAs and TUCPs were mainly related to energy metabolism, while those genes targeted by the downregulated LncRNAs and TUCPs were mainly related to immune response. These results provide the basis for further study of LncRNA/TUCP-mediated regulation of feed efficiency.
Collapse
|
60
|
Ren GC, Du J, Zhang XX, Wu H, Jin YP. [Current status of depression among workers in a petrochemical enterprise in Liaoning Province, China and related influencing factors]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2020; 38:726-730. [PMID: 33142372 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190927-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influencing factors for depression among workers in a petrochemical enterprise and the association of occupational stress and occupational environment with depression, and to provide a scientific basis for the improvement of mental health and the prevention and treatment of depression among workers in petrochemical enterprises. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in March 2018, and cluster sampling was used to select 1888 workers from a petrochemical enterprise in Liaoning Province, China for a questionnaire survey. A total of 1888 questionnaires were collected, among which there were 1521 usable questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 80.56%. The general status of the workers in this petrochemical enterprise was investigated, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) , Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) , and Perceived Work Environment (PWE) were used to evaluate depression, occupational stress, and occupational environment. Constituent ratio was used to describe the distribution of different demographic features, work conditions, and lifestyles among the workers in this petrochemical enterprise. One-way analysis of variance and the t-test were used to compare the scores of depressive tendency between the workers with different features. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation of occupational stress and occupational environment with depression. Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for depression. Results: The score of depression tendency was 18.94±9.21 in the workers in this petrochemical enterprise, and the incidence rate of depression symptoms was 59.8% (909/1521) . The workers who were aged <35 years, lived alone or in widowhood, or had an income of ≤4000 yuan tended to have a high score of depression tendency. And ordinary workers, oil-refining workers, workers with night shift and non-fixed shift, and workers with a lack of physical exercise and low sleep quality tended to have a high score of depression tendency (P<0.05) . The dimensions of extrinsic and intrinsic efforts of occupational stress and severity of occupational environment were positively correlated with depression (r=0.254, 0.242, 0.274, P<0.01) . And the dimension of reward was negatively correlated with depression (r=-0.348, P<0.01) . The multivariate hierarchical regression analysis showed that occupational stress and occupational environment had a marked predictive effects on depression, with an explained variance of 18.4% and 12.1%, respectively. Conclusion: There is a high level of depression tendency among workers in petrochemical enterprises, and demographic features, work conditions, lifestyle, occupational stressors, and occupational environment factors are influencing factors for depression.
Collapse
|
61
|
Cui LY, Zhang XX, Cui P, Li WC, Zhang YG, Wang RQ, Zhao SX, Ren WG, Kong LL, Han F, Yuan XW, Liu LD, Zhang Y, Zhang QS, Kong L, Nan YM. [Clinical study of yiqi huoxue recipe in the treatment of liver fibrosis of chronic viral hepatitis]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2020; 28:403-409. [PMID: 32536056 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20190905-00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To clarify the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue recipe in the treatment of liver fibrosis of chronic viral hepatitis. Methods: An open, positive-drug, parallel-controlled study method was applied. A total of 207 cases of liver fibrosis with chronic hepatitis B and C diagnosed with liver biopsy and transient elastography were selected. According to the principle of syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine, self-made Yiqi Huoxue recipe (n = 127) and Fuzheng Huayu capsule (n = 80) were used for the treatment course of 24-48 weeks. Change score of TCM symptom, liver biochemistry, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and noninvasive liver fibrosis index [aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4)] were compared between the two groups to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Yiqi Huoxue recipe on liver fibrosis. Results: Yiqi Huoxue recipe group and Fuzheng Huayu capsule group baseline LSM, APRI and FIB-4 was compared, and there was no statistically significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Yiqi Huoxue recipe and Fuzheng Huayu capsule received patients had improved symptom scores to a certain extent. Hepatic facies, discomfort over liver area, and soreness and weakness of waist and knees (P < 0.05) was significantly improved in Yiqi Huoxue recipe than Fuzheng Huayu capsule. Liver biochemical indicators (ALT, AST, GGT, ALP) had gradually relapsed with the extension of treatment duration and the normalization rate between the two groups after 24 to 48 weeks had reached 100% vs. 100%, 100% vs. 93.8%, 96.8% vs. 92.3% and 87.5% vs. 81.8%. After 12 weeks of treatment, APRI values of both groups had significantly reduced, and after 48 weeks of treatment, LSM values of both groups had significantly improved. Moreover, Yiqi Huoxue recipe FIB-4 score was significantly improved after 48 weeks of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant compared to Fuzheng Huayu capsule group (P < 0.05). After treatment, LSM, APRI, and FIB-4 total effectiveness in the two groups were 80.0% vs. 63.6%, P = 0.046; 68.4% vs. 52.0%, P = 0.052; 68.4% vs. 62.0%, P = 0.437, respectively. LSM total effectiveness was significantly higher in Yiqi Huoxue recipe treated group than Fuzheng Huayu capsule group. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue decoction can be used as an optimal treatment for liver fibrosis of chronic viral hepatitis.
Collapse
|
62
|
Li Y, Zeng QG, Qiu JL, Pang T, Wang H, Zhang XX. Sevoflurane inhibits the progression of PTC by downregulating miR-155. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:6579-6587. [PMID: 31378899 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surgery resection is the primary treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with the risk of tumor cell invasion and distant metastasis. Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent widely used in clinical applications. However, the effect of sevoflurane on PTC cells and its precise mechanism remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The migrative and invasive abilities of the cells were measured by transwell assay. The protein expression level of Bax, Bcl-2, MMP 9, and MMP 2 were detected by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The qRT-PCR analysis was used to determine miR-155 expressions. RESULTS Sevoflurane greatly decreased the viability of PTC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, sevoflurane significantly inhibited migration and invasion, but increased the apoptosis in PTC cells, which could be reversed by the addition of miR-155. Besides, sevoflurane evidently increased the Bax protein level and inhibited the protein level of Bcl-2, MMP9, and MPP2 in PTC cells. In addition, miR-155 was upregulated in PTC cells; however, the amount of miR-155 would be decreased in PTC cells treated with sevoflurane. Furthermore, abrogation of miR-155 promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell migration and invasion in PTC cells. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane inhibited migration and invasion, while enhanced cell apoptosis by downregulating miR-155 in PTC cells, suggesting important clinical implications for anesthetic agents to prevent the metastasis in PTC.
Collapse
|
63
|
Qu NY, Zhang ZH, Zhang XX, Xie WW, Niu XQ. Microvesicles containing microRNA-216a secreted by tubular epithelial cells participate in renal interstitial fibrosis through activating PTEN/AKT pathway. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:6629-6636. [PMID: 31378905 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of microRNA-216a in microvesicles (MVs) during the process of renal interstitial fibrosis and to investigate its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) model was first established in mice, and kidney tissues and urine in the obscured kidney were collected. NRK-52E cells were induced with 5 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for constructing the renal interstitial fibrosis model in vitro. Subsequently, the expression levels of E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) in NRK-52E cells induced with or without TGF-β1 were determined, respectively. The culture medium was collected from NRK-52E cells of the control group (without TGF-β1 induction) and the TGF-β1 group (TGF-β1 induction), and MVs were observed. Afterward, NRK-52E cells were treated with MVs isolated from the control group or the TGF-β1 group, followed by detecting the expressions of E-cadherin, α-SMA and FN. Meanwhile, the expression levels of CD63, microRNA-216a, PTEN and p-AKT were determined as well. The microRNA-216 level in kidney tissues and urine of UUO mice were determined. Furthermore, the expressions of PTEN and p-AKT in mouse kidney tissues were accessed by Western blot and quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS TGF-β1 induction in NRK-52E cells gradually downregulated E-cadherin, whereas upregulated α-SMA and FN with the prolongation of induction time. MVs isolated from the culture medium of the TGF-β1 group downregulated E-cadherin, and upregulated FN and α-SMA. The expression levels of CD63 and microRNA-216a were markedly higher in the TGF-β1 group compared with the control group. Downregulated PTEN and upregulated p-AKT were observed in TGF-β1-induced cells at both mRNA and protein levels. Besides, microRNA-216a expression in mouse kidney tissues and urine from obscured kidney was remarkably increased with the prolongation of UUO. Consistent with those in NRK-52E cells, the protein level of PTEN was significantly decreased, whereas p-AKT was markedly increased with the prolongation of UUO. CONCLUSIONS MVs containing microRNA-216a secreted by injured proximal tubular epithelial cells participate in renal interstitial fibrosis by activating the PTEN/AKT pathway.
Collapse
|
64
|
Zhang XX, Wen J, Ma HJ, Yin XQ, Wang JB. [Establishment of nutrition literacy core items for Chinese preschool children]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2020; 54:1093-1097. [PMID: 33115195 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200327-00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To establish the nutrition literacy core items for preschool children in China. Methods: The framework system and preliminary items of nutrition literacy were established through literature review and experts consultation. E-Delphi method was used to determine the nutrition literacy items. Nine experts in the field of nutrition, child and adolescent health, health education were invited to score the importance of each nutrition literacy item via Email. The judgment basis and familiarity of experts towards the items, active coefficient, authority coefficient and harmony coefficient were evaluated and analyzed to generate the final list of nutrition literacy items. Results: In the first round of E-Delphi consultation, the active coefficient and authority coefficient were 88.9%(8/9) and(0.88±0.07).The harmony coefficient was 0.350 (χ2=36.432, P=0.001). In the second round, the active coefficient and authority coefficient were 100% (9/9) and (0.89±0.11).The harmony coefficient was 0.347 (χ2=34.330, P<0.001). After qualitative and quantitative analyses, we identified the final list of nutrition literacy items consisting of two scales (basic knowledge, lifestyles and dietary behaviors), six subscales (food knowledge, food characteristic, food choice, dietary behavior, dietary safety, and physical activity)with 14 items in total. Conclusion: The framework system and core items of nutrition literacy are established for Chinese preschool children, which could provide a reference basis for the implementation of nutrition education project and the establishment of standardized evaluation tools.
Collapse
|
65
|
Dong ZC, Zhang D, Zhang XX, Yao ZQ, Wu H, Chen CH, Tian JQ. MiR-155 affects proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:5682-5690. [PMID: 31298320 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201907_18305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GSK-3β negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The abnormal miR-155 expression is associated with bladder cancer. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a complementary binding site between miR-155 and GSK-3β mRNA. This study investigated the role of miR-155 in the proliferation and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS The dual luciferase reporter gene assay validated the targeted regulation between miR-155 and GSK-3β. Tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from bladder cancer patients and the expression of miR-155 and GSK-3β mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Bladder cancer cell line BIU-87 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into miR-NC group and miR-155 inhibitor group. The expressions of miR-155, GSK-3β and β-catenin were compared, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was detected by EdU staining. RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-155 expression was significantly increased in bladder cancer tissues, and GSK-3β mRNA expression was significantly decreased. There was a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-155 and GSK-3β. Compared with SV-HUC-1 cells, miR-155 expression in bladder cancer BIU-87 and 5637 cells was significantly increased, and GSK-3β expression was significantly decreased. Transfection of miR-155 inhibitor significantly increased GSK-3β expression in BIU-87 and 5637 cells, decreased β-catenin expression, increased cell apoptosis, and decreased cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The increased expression of miR-155 plays a role in reducing the expression of GSK-3β and in promoting the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Inhibition of miR-155 can up-regulate the expression of GSK-3β, inhibit the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuate proliferation and promote apoptosis of bladder cancer cells.
Collapse
|
66
|
Xu SF, Wang WW, Chen J, Liu T, Zhang XX, Xu LB, Zhao ZG, Yu SJ, Guo LX. [Analysis of gene mutation profile of adult soft tissue sarcomas using high-throughput sequencing technology]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2020; 42:741-745. [PMID: 32988156 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200425-00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the genetic variation of soft tissue sarcomas, and to provide a scientific evidence for the individualized treatment. Methods: The somatic mutation and germline mutation of 45 adult soft tissue sarcomas had been detected by high-throughput sequencing technology, the clinical data were also analyzed. Results: A total of 88 gene mutations were detected in 45 samples, including 78 single nucleotide variation (SNV), 13 insertion/deletion (Indel) and 19 copy number variation (CNV). The most common mutant genes are TP53, CDKN2A, MDM2, CDK4, NF1 and PTEN. Among them, the mutation rates of TP53-MDM2/MDM4-CDKN2A pathway, CDKN2A/CDK4/RB1 pathway, and RAS/NF1/PTEN/PI3K pathway were more frequent (32/88, 36%). In terms of immunotherapy biomarkers among 10 samples, the median value of tumor mutation burden was 2.02 muts/Mb (0-4.24 muts/Mb), and all were microsatellite stable. Conclusions: This study analyzes the genetic variation of soft tissue sarcoma, and determines the high-frequency gene mutations and pathways, which may be the potential drug targets. This finding can provide scientific evidences for the personalized treatment of soft tissue sarcoma.
Collapse
|
67
|
Zhang XX, Yang Y, Zhao W, Cui LY, Wang YQ, Nan YM. [Analysis of risk factors and prognosis of cirrhosis combined with bacterial pneumonia]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2020; 28:561-566. [PMID: 32791790 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-201200624-00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the bacterial pathogen, the optimal plan of antibacterial drugs and the prognostic factors in patients with liver cirrhosis combined with bacterial pneumonia. Methods: Data of 324 cases with liver cirrhosis from the Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were collected, including 217 cases of bacterial pneumonia. Baseline characteristics of the patients, factors affecting the efficacy of antibacterial treatment and prognosis were compared and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen and predict the antibacterial efficacy indicators and a prediction model was established. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the value of the established model and Child-Turcortte-Pugh, model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease combined with serum sodium concentration predict the therapeutic efficacy. Results: Chronic HBV and HCV infections were the main causes of cirrhosis, followed by cryptogenic cirrhosis and alcoholic cirrhosis. Diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were susceptible factors for bacterial pneumonia. As infection occurred, the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes, serum C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels had increased significantly. The results of pathogenic analysis showed that the top three pathogenic bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftriaxone was 50.0%, and that of ceftazidime, cefepime, and cefoperazone sulbactam were 27.8%. Imipenem and piperacillin tazobactam containing β-lactamase inhibitors were the most effective antibacterial therapies. Regression analysis showed that age, procalcitonin, and albumin was significantly correlated with antibacterial effects. The PAA model was established and had predicted the efficacy of Child-Turcortte-Pugh, model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease combined with serum sodium. The specificity and sensitivity of the PAA was confirmed to be 94.12% and 93.62%, which was significantly higher than other models. Conclusion: The main common pathogenic bacterium of cirrhosis combined with bacterial pneumonia is Klebsiella pneumonia (G-bacilli). In addition, gram positive cocci (Staphylococcus aureus) and other are also visible. The elderly, diabetics and patients using hormones are prone to secondary fungal infections. Age, procalcitonin and serum albumin can accurately predict the antibacterial effect, guide clinical treatment and judge the prognosis of the established PAA model.
Collapse
|
68
|
Xu JH, Zhou XM, Ma JL, Liu SS, Zhang MS, Zheng XF, Zhang XY, Liu GW, Zhang XX, Lu Y, Wang DS. [Application of convolutional neural network to risk evaluation of positive circumferential resection margin of rectal cancer by magnetic resonance imaging]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2020; 23:572-577. [PMID: 32521977 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20191023-00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility of using faster regional convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) to evaluate the status of circumferential resection margin (CRM) of rectal cancer in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-1800017410). Case inclusion criteria: (1) the positive area of CRM was located between the plane of the levator ani, anal canal and peritoneal reflection; (2) rectal malignancy was confirmed by electronic colonoscopy and histopathological examination; (3) positive CRM was confirmed by postoperative pathology or preoperative high-resolution MRI. Exclusion criteria: patients after neoadjuvant therapy, recurrent cancer after surgery, poor quality images, giant tumor with extensive necrosis and tissue degeneration, and rectal tissue construction changes in previous pelvic surgery. According to the above criteria, MRI plain scan images of 350 patients with rectal cancer and positive CRM in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 2016 to June 2019 were collected. The patients were classified by gender and tumor position, and randomly assigned to the training group (300 cases) and the validation group (50 cases) at a ratio of 6:1 by computer random number method. The CRM positive region was identified on the T2WI image using the LabelImg software. The identified training group images were used to iteratively train and optimize parameters of the Faster R-CNN model until the network converged to obtain the best deep learning model. The test set data were used to evaluate the recognition performance of the artificial intelligence platform. The selected indicators included accuracy, sensitivity, positive predictive value, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, areas under the ROC curves (AUC), and the time taken to identify a single image. Results: The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the CRM status determined by the trained Faster R-CNN artificial intelligence approach were 0.884, 0.857, 0.898, 0.807, and 0.926, respectively; the AUC was 0.934 (95% CI: 91.3% to 95.4%). The Faster R-CNN model's automatic recognition time for a single image was 0.2 s. Conclusion: The artificial intelligence model based on Faster R-CNN for the identification and segmentation of CRM-positive MRI images of rectal cancer is established, which can complete the risk assessment of CRM-positive areas caused by in-situ tumor invasion and has the application value of preliminary screening.
Collapse
|
69
|
Ding JG, Li J, Hong L, Yu XQ, Ye EL, Sun GQ, Zhang XX, Chen L, Sun QF. Viral kinetics and factors associated with rapid viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination therapy in non-severe COVID-19 patients. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 24:5788-5796. [PMID: 32495917 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202005_21373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lopinavir/ritonavir has modest antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to investigate the viral kinetics and factors associated with viral clearance during lopinavir/ritonavir-based combination treatment in non-severe patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-four patients were retrospectively enrolled. Viral RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR assay from sputum or throat swab samples at different time points. The patterns of viral kinetics were characterized, and factors associated with rapid viral clearance, which was defined as viral RNA undetectable within two weeks, were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS All patients achieved viral RNA negativity and were discharged from the hospital. Furthermore, 48 (75%) and 16 (25%) patients achieved rapid and delayed viral clearance, respectively. The lymphocyte counts of rapid viral clearance patients (1.40 [1.20-1.80] × 109/L) were higher, when compared to delayed viral clearance patients (1.00 [0.70-1.47] × 109/L) (p=0.024). The multivariate logistic analysis revealed that high lymphocyte count (≥1.3×109/L) is an independent factor associated with rapid viral clearance (OR=7.62, 95% CI=1.15-50.34, p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS The viral shedding exhibited different patterns during treatment. Immune insufficiency is responsible for the delayed viral clearance, suggesting that an immunomodulator should be considered to promote viral clearance in patients with low lymphocyte counts.
Collapse
|
70
|
Yao JN, Zhang XX, Zhang YZ, Li YL, Wang CF, Zhang LF. [Circular RNA-UBXN7 promotes proliferation, migration and suppresses apoptosis in hepatocellular cancer]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2020; 28:421-427. [PMID: 32536059 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200305-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of circular RNA-UBXN7 (circ_UBXN7) on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods: Circ_UBXN7 expression in the tissues and cells of hepatocellular cancer was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the relationship between circ_UBXN7 expression and clinicopathological features, including age, gender, tumor volume, pathological classification, staging, and lymph node metastasis was analyzed. The full-length sequence of circ_UBXN7 with lentivirus carrying lenti circ_UBXN7 and lenti circ_UBXN7 shRNA was constructed to transfect hepatocellular cell lines (HepG2 and Huh-7), respectively. CCK-8 experiments were performed to detect the ability of up- or down-regulation of circ_UBXN7 on the proliferation of HEPG2 and HUH-7 cells. Annexin V / PI experiment was used to detect the changes in apoptosis of HEPG2 and HUH-7 cells after up-regulation or down-regulation of circ_UBXN7 expression. JC-1 assay was used to detect the changes in mitochondrial potential energy of HEPG2 and HUH-7 cells after up-regulation or down-regulation of circ_UBXN7 expression. Transwell was used to detect the migration ability of HEPG2 and HUH-7 cells after up-regulation or down-regulation of circ_UBXN7 expression. Western blotting was used to detect the expressional change of TWIST, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. Statistical analysis: The expression levels of circ_UBXN7 and clinicopathological features were measured by chi-square test. Two groups were compared by t-test and three groups and above were compared by single factor analysis of variance. LSD method was used for comparison between groups. Results: The expression of circ_UBXN7 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than adjacent tissues, and its expression level was significantly positively correlated with tumor volume, stage, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Lenti-circ_UBXN7 had up-regulated the expression of circ_UBXN7 in HEPG2 and HUH-7 cells and promoted cell proliferation. Lenti-circ_UBXN7-shRNA had down-regulated the expression of circ_UBXN7 and induced apoptosis. Lenti-circ_UBXN7-shRNA had reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells. Lenti-circ_UBXN7 had promoted cell migration, while lenti-circ_UBXN7-shRNA had inhibited cell migration. Lenti-circ_UBXN7 had induced increased expression of Twist, N-cadherin, and Vimentin proteins, and reduced the expression of E-cadherin protein. Lenti-circ_UBXN7-shRNA had opposite effects on the expression levels of each protein. Starbase V2.0 software showed that miR-203a and circ_UBXN7 had potential binding sites, and miR-203a and circ_UBXN7 expression levels were negatively correlated in HEP G2 and HUH-7 cells. Conclusion: circ_UBXN7 plays an important role in promoting the occurrence and development of liver cancer, and is expected to become a potential target for the treatment of liver cancer.
Collapse
|
71
|
Wang Y, Zhang L, Wu SS, Duan W, Sun Y, Zhang M, Zhang XX, Zhang Y, Ma CN, Wang QY, Yang P. [Application of the moving epidemic method in the development of epidemic thresholds and tiered warning alert approachs for influenza prevention in Beijing]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:201-206. [PMID: 32164130 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To calculate both the epidemic and intensity thresholds for different levels in Beijing and to establish a tiered alert system in the 2018-2019 influenza season as well as to evaluate the performance of calculated thresholds. Method: Weekly count of influenza-like illness and percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI%) of the last five influenza seasons were modeled by 'moving epidemic method' (MEM) to calculate the influenza epidemic and intensity thresholds at different levels. A cross-validation procedure was used to evaluate the performance. Indicators of Matthew correlation coefficient, Youden's index, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: For weekly count of influenza-like illness, data showed that the epidemic threshold for 2018-2019 influenza season was 12 984 and the medium, high and very high intensity thresholds were 22 503, 37 589, 47 157, respectively. Matthew correlation coefficient of the epidemic threshold was 62% and youden's index as 60% , sensitivity as 69%, specificity as 91%. Data on weekly ILI%, the epidemic threshold for 2018-2019 influenza season was 1.66%, with medium, high and very high intensity thresholds as 2.46%, 3.84% and 4.66%, respectively. The overall Matthew correlation coefficient of the epidemic threshold was 59%, with 54% for the Youden's index, sensitivity as 60% and specificity as 94%. Conclusions: MEM produced a good specific signal for detecting the influenza epidemics and the accuracy of the method was acceptable. The early warning performance regarding the application of weekly count on influenza-like illness was slightly better than ILI%. This method could be applied in the practical influenza epidemic alert "work in Beijing" .
Collapse
|
72
|
Liang C, Zhang XX, Xing Q, Yi JL, Zhang YQ, Li CY, Liu Y, Tang SJ. [Study on the prevalence of Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its relationship with second-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2020; 43:356-361. [PMID: 32294818 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20191215-00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the prevalence risk factors of Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Beijing and its correlation with second-line anti tuberculosis drug resistance. Methods: A total of 1 140 clinical MTB positive strains were collected from various districts in Beijing, and the drug sensitivity was detected by proportion method. Beijing genotype and non Beijing genotype MTB were identified by the method of Spoligotyping. Using SPSS 22.0 statistical software, chi square test or Fisher exact probability test was used to analyze the experimental data. Results: Among 1 140 MTB clinical isolates, 941 (82.5%) were Beijing genotype MTB, 199 were non Beijing genotype MTB. There were 663 males (70.5%) in Beijing genotype and 124 males (62.3%) in non Beijing genotype strains. There were significant differences in the proportion of males between the two genotypes [P=0.021, OR (95% CI):1.442 (1.048-1.985)]. There were 441 floating population (46.9%) in Beijing genotype MTB and 78 floating population (39.2%) in non Beijing genotype MTB. There was a significant difference in the proportion of floating population between the two genotypes [P=0.048,OR (95%CI):1.368(1.001-1.869)]. There were 129 patients (13.7%) aged 65 or older in Beijing genotype MTB, 40 patients (20.1%) aged 65 or older in non Beijing genotype MTB. The difference was statistically significant [P=0.021, or (95% CI): 0.631 (0.426-0.936)]. The resistance drug rates of Levofloxacin (Lfx), Amikacin (Am), Capreomycin (Cm), Para-aminosalicylic (PAS) in Beijing genotypes were 5.5% (52/941), 1.3% (12/941), 3.2% (30/941) and 3.0% (28/941), respectively, and those of non Beijing genotypes were 10.6% (21/199), 8.5% (17/199, 12.6% (25/199) and 11.6% (23/199), the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were 58 (6.2%) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in Beijing genotype MTB and 19 (9.5%) multidrug-resistant strains in non Beijing genotype. There was no significant difference in the proportion of MDR strains between Beijing genotype and non Beijing genotype (P>0.05). Conclusions: Beijing genotype MTB is widespread in Beijing and has a higher proportion in male population and floating population. Compared with non Beijing genotype, Beijing genotype MTB has a lower resistance rate to Lfx, Am, Cm and PAS, and there is no significant difference in the proportion of MDR-TB patients between the two genotypes.
Collapse
|
73
|
Xiong GY, Chen X, Zhang XX, Miao Y, Zou Y, Wang DY, Xu WM. Process optimization and the relationship between the reaction degree and the antioxidant activity of Maillard reaction products of chicken liver protein hydrolysates. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3733-3741. [PMID: 32616269 PMCID: PMC7597858 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to optimize the protein hydrolysates from chicken liver with xylose under Maillard reaction (MR) conditions using response surface methodology. The correlation between the browning degree, grafting degree, and the antioxidant activities of the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) was investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were achieved with a reaction temperature of 138.78°C, an initial pH of 7.99, and a reaction time of 93.14 min. The grafting degree (41.98%) and browning degree (2.582) of chicken liver protein hydrolysate MRPs (CLPHM) were notably higher (P < 0.05) than those of protein MRPs (CLPM) and were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of sonicated hydrolysate MRPs (SCLPHM). The reducing power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging of CLPM, CLPHM, and SCLPHM were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those of the protein or hydrolysate substrates. The grafting degree and browning degree of CLPM, CLPHM, and SCLPHM had positive correlations with DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Hence, this study could enhance the added value of chicken liver by exhibiting the enhancements from ultrasound pretreatment and the MR. MRPs could have an effective and potential application in the food industry.
Collapse
|
74
|
Zhang XX, Jiang L, Wang CY, Gu YY, Li LG, Xia TT, Huang Y, Huang PK, Zhang QL. [Clinical analysis of 30 cases of Castleman disease with different types of thoracic involvement]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:149-156. [PMID: 32135633 PMCID: PMC7357939 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
目的 总结不同类型胸部受累Castleman病(CD)的临床、影像学、病理及诊治特征,以提高临床医师对CD的认识。 方法 回顾性分析广州医科大学附属第一医院自2009年6月至2019年5月收治入院的胸部受累CD患者30例,将其分为闭塞性细支气管炎(BO)组、不伴BO的单中心型Castleman病(UCD)组及不伴BO的多中心型Castleman病(MCD)组,分析其临床资料并总结其特征。 结果 30例患者中,5例(16.7%)纳入BO组,18例(60.0%)纳入不伴BO的UCD组,7例(23.3%)纳入不伴BO的MCD组。不伴BO的MCD组中位年龄明显大于BO组[(49.29±5.39)岁对(27.20±3.76)岁,P=0.005]和不伴BO的UCD组[(49.29±5.39)岁对(37.17±2.87)岁,P=0.034]。胸部症状在BO组(100%)和不伴BO的MCD组(71.4%)多见,而不伴BO的UCD组无胸部症状。贫血及IgG增高仅在不伴BO的MCD组出现(发生率均为57.1%),红细胞沉降率增快及低氧血症在BO组(发生率分别为40.0%和60.0%)及不伴BO的MCD组(发生率分别为57.1%和28.6%)均可出现。BO组患者的肺功能均表现为极重度混合性通气功能障碍。胸部CT所示肺实质受累率:BO组为100%;不伴BO的MCD组为57.1%,表现为双肺弥漫性病变;不伴BO的UCD组为11.1%,表现为孤立性肺结节。不伴BO的MCD组的淋巴结短径明显小于BO组[(1.83±0.51)cm对(4.73±1.63)cm,P=0.006]和不伴BO的UCD组[(1.83±0.51)cm对(3.62±0.26)cm,P=0.011]。BO组病理类型均为透明血管型(100%),不伴BO的UCD组88.9%为透明血管型,而不伴BO的MCD组以浆细胞型为主(57.1%)。BO组患者均出现口腔溃疡,在肿物切除术后予免疫调节剂治疗,溃疡症状缓解,但肺部症状仍进行性加重。不伴BO的UCD组主要治疗方式为胸腔镜下肿物切除,不伴BO的MCD组主要治疗方式为化疗、免疫调节剂、靶向治疗等。 结论 三组患者的年龄、临床症状、实验室检查、肺功能、影像学表现、病理类型、治疗及预后均有所不同,此分类能促进临床医师对本病的认识。
Collapse
|
75
|
Zhang XX, Whalley PA, Ashton RW, Evans J, Hawkesford MJ, Griffiths S, Huang ZD, Zhou H, Mooney SJ, Whalley WR. A comparison between water uptake and root length density in winter wheat: effects of root density and rhizosphere properties. PLANT AND SOIL 2020. [PMID: 32848280 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aim to quantify the variation in root distribution in a set of 35 experimental wheat lines. We also compared the effect of variation in hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere on water uptake by roots. METHODS We measured the root length density and soil drying in 35 wheat lines in a field experiment. A 3D numerical model was used to predict soil drying profiles with the different root length distributions and compared with measured soil drying. The model was used to test different scenarios of the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere. RESULTS We showed that wheat lines with no detectable differences in root length density can induce soil drying profiles with statistically significant differences. Our data confirmed that a root length density of at least 1 cm/cm3 is needed to drain all the available water in soil. In surface layers where the root length density was far greater than 1 cm/cm3 water uptake was independent of rooting density due to competition for water. However, in deeper layers where root length density was less than 1 cm/cm3, water uptake by roots was proportional to root density. CONCLUSION In a set of wheat lines with no detectable differences in the root length density we found significant differences in water uptake. This may be because small differences in root density at depth can result in larger differences in water uptake or that the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere can greatly affect water uptake.
Collapse
|