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Katz A, Cao Y, Shen X, Usinger D, Walden S, Chen R. Associations Between Knowledge of Others’ Experiences and Patient Perceptions of Treatments for Localized Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhang X, Wang T, Li S, Shen X. Electrodeposition Polyaniline Nanofiber on the PEDOT:PSS-Coated SiNWs for High Performance Supercapacitors. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pu L, Zhu M, Shen X, Wu S, Wei W, Li S. Stomata-inspired smart bilayer catalyst with the dual-responsive ability, capable of single/tandem catalysis. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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54
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Ho WHH, Lim DYZ, Thiagarajan N, Wang H, Loo WTW, Sng GGR, Shen X, Sia CH, Tan BYQ, Lim HY, Wang LK, Chow W, Lim PCY, Yeo TJ, Chong DTT. Prevalence and diagnostic yield of investigating t wave inversion in a large unselected pre-participation cohort of young Asian males. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
T wave inversion (TWI) is a potentially abnormal finding on pre-participation screening electrocardiography (ECG), as it may suggest an underlying cardiomyopathy that should be risk stratified appropriately to minimise the risk of sports-related sudden cardiac death. Existing international guidelines prescribe criteria for investigating TWI in athletes. However, it is not established if these criteria can be extrapolated to screening unselected individuals. There is also evidence recommending against investigating specific patterns of anterior TWI in certain subsets of athletes due to low diagnostic yield; whether these exemptions may apply to non-athletes is uncertain. Given the importance of physical activity for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the general population, more evidence to guide pre-participation ECG screening of unselected individuals is needed.
Purpose
Firstly, to determine the epidemiology of abnormal TWI in a large unselected pre-participation cohort of young males of predominantly Asian ethnicity. Secondly, to determine the diagnostic yield of an echocardiography-guided approach to investigating individuals with abnormal TWI for a cardiomyopathy.
Methods
All individuals who attended a national centre for pre-enlistment cardiac screening over 39 months from 2017 were examined. Demographic data, anthropometric data and standardised physical fitness test scores were collected. Resting 12-lead ECG was performed for all individuals. Those with abnormal TWI, defined as a negatively deflected T wave of at least 0.1 mV amplitude in two contiguous leads, were referred to tertiary centres for echocardiography.
Results
69,714 consecutive males of mean age 17.9±1.1 years were screened. 562 individuals (0.8%) displayed abnormal TWI. Better aerobic fitness, but not muscular strength, was associated with a higher prevalence of abnormal TWI in general and specifically in the anterior territory, although not beyond leads V1-V2. Aerobic fitness had no association with abnormal TWI in the inferior territory or lateral territory. Of those with abnormal TWI, 12 individuals (2.1%) were newly diagnosed with a cardiomyopathy. Significant factors associated with a cardiomyopathy diagnosis were abnormal TWI in the lateral territory, abnormal TWI in the anterior territory beyond lead V2, deeper maximum TWI depth, presence of hypertension and higher body mass index. No individual presenting with TWI restricted to solely leads V1-V2 and/or two inferior leads without abnormal TWI in other contiguous leads was diagnosed with a cardiomyopathy.
Conclusion
Investigating abnormal TWI in an unselected pre-participation cohort of young Asian males had a significant yield, particularly in individuals manifesting abnormal TWI in the lateral territory and the anterior territory beyond lead V2. The ECG finding of anterior TWI in an unselected population may not be as benign as that in athletic populations.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Abnormal TWI: Prevalence and Yield
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Champenois EG, Sanchez DM, Yang J, Figueira Nunes JP, Attar A, Centurion M, Forbes R, Gühr M, Hegazy K, Ji F, Saha SK, Liu Y, Lin MF, Luo D, Moore B, Shen X, Ware MR, Wang XJ, Martínez TJ, Wolf TJA. Conformer-specific photochemistry imaged in real space and time. Science 2021; 374:178-182. [PMID: 34618569 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Ma N, Liang Y, Coleman DN, Li Y, Ding H, Liu F, Cardoso FF, Parys C, Cardoso FC, Shen X, Loor JJ. Methionine supplementation during a hydrogen peroxide challenge alters components of insulin signaling and antioxidant proteins in subcutaneous adipose explants from dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 105:856-865. [PMID: 34635354 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced postruminal supply of methionine (Met) during the peripartal period alters protein abundance of insulin, AA, and antioxidant signaling pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Whether SAT is directly responsive to supply of Met and can induce molecular alterations is unknown. Our objective was to examine whether enhanced Met supply during an oxidative stress challenge in vitro alters insulin, AA, inflammation, and antioxidant signaling-related protein networks. Four late-lactation Holstein cows (average 27.0 kg of milk per day) were used for SAT collection. Tissue was incubated in duplicate for 4 h in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2 at 37°C according to the following experimental design: control medium with an "ideal" profile of essential AA (CTR; Lys:Met 2.9:1), CTR plus 100 μM H2O2 (HP), or CTR with greater Met supply plus 100 μM H2O2 (HPMET; Lys:Met 2.5:1). Molecular targets associated with insulin signaling, lipolysis, antioxidant nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2), inflammation, and AA metabolism were determined through reverse-transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc.). Among proteins associated with insulin signaling, compared with CTR, HP led to lower abundance of phosphorylated AKT serine/threonine kinase (p-AKT) and solute carrier family 2 member 4 (SLC2A4; insulin-induced glucose transporter). Although incubation with HPMET restored abundance of SLC2A4 to levels in the CTR and upregulated abundance of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and phosphorylated 5'-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), it did not alter p-AKT, which remained similar to HP. Among proteins associated with AA signaling, compared with CTR, challenge with HP led to lower abundance of phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-MTOR), and HPMET did not restore abundance to CTR levels. Among inflammation-related targets studied, incubation with HPMET led to greater protein abundance of nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65 (NFKB-RELA). The response in NFKB observed with HPMET was associated with a marked upregulation of the antioxidant transcription regulator NFE2L2 and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). No effects of treatment were detected for mRNA abundance of proinflammatory cytokines or antioxidant enzymes, underscoring the importance of post-transcriptional regulation. Overall, data indicated that short-term challenge with H2O2 was particularly effective in reducing insulin and AA signaling. Although a greater supply of Met had little effect on those pathways, it seemed to restore the protein abundance of the insulin-induced glucose transporter. Overall, the concomitant upregulation of key inflammation and antioxidant signaling proteins when a greater level of Met was supplemented to oxidant-challenged SAT highlighted the potential role of this AA in regulating the inflammatory response and oxidant status. Further studies should be conducted to assess the role of postruminal supply of Met and other AA in the regulation of immune, antioxidant, and metabolic systems in peripartal cow adipose tissue.
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Chen S, Ye T, Fu F, Deng C, Hu H, Sun Y, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Xiang J, Zhang Y, Shen X, Wang S, Wang Z, Li Y, Chen H. P56.03 Prognostic Value of Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma after Radical Surgery. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lin MF, Singh N, Liang S, Mo M, Nunes JPF, Ledbetter K, Yang J, Kozina M, Weathersby S, Shen X, Cordones AA, Wolf TJA, Pemmaraju CD, Ihme M, Wang XJ. Imaging the short-lived hydroxyl-hydronium pair in ionized liquid water. Science 2021; 374:92-95. [PMID: 34591617 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg3091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Shen X. Study on the relationship between serum Vitamin D and the risk of preeclampsia in early, second and third trimester of pregnancy. Minerva Surg 2021; 77:289-292. [PMID: 34586772 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.21.09092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhan Y, Shen X, Chen M, Yang K, Xie H. Bioleaching of tellurium from mine tailings by indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 75:1076-1083. [PMID: 34586632 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is a scarce and valuable metalloid, which can be found in some mine tailings. In this work, an indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain was used to leach Te from mine tailings collected in the Shimian Te mine region, China. Under the optimized conditions of initial pH of 2·0, pulp density of 4% and temperature of 30°C, 47·77% of Te can be dissolved after 24 days of bioleaching. The leaching of Te by different systems such as bioleaching, Ferric ion (Fe(III)) leaching and acid leaching was compared. The results showed that the leaching behaviour of Te is similar to that of sulphur in sulphide minerals, that is, Fe(III) first oxidizes telluride (Te(-II)) in minerals to elemental Te, and then elemental Te can be oxidized by bacteria to Te(IV) and Te(VI). Besides, it was also showed by scanning electron microscope observation and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the ore sample before and after bioleaching that some bedded structure covered on the surface of the ore after bioleaching acting as a reaction compartment, and the changing of active groups indicated a possible attachment between bacteria and ore. There is an indirect mechanism involved in bioleaching of Te.
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Yu M, Li R, Wan M, Chen J, Shen X, Li G, Ge M, Zhang R. MDA5 attenuate autophagy in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with IBDV. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:154-163. [PMID: 34406094 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1969643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The role of melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) in infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-induced autophagy was studied in chicken embryos.2. Chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) were used as the research model and small interfering RNA (siRNA), western blot, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect autophagy, IBDV replication, CEF damage, and activation of both MDA5 and its signalling pathway.3. The results showed that CEF infected with IBDV activated the intracellular MDA5 signalling pathway and caused autophagy via inactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. While autophagy promotes IBDV proliferation, MDA5 weakens IBDV-induced CEF autophagy thus inhibiting IBDV replication and protecting CEF cells.4. The results indicated that chMDA5 can be activated by IBDV and attenuate CEF autophagy caused by IBDV infection, thereby inhibiting IBDV replication. This study provided a foundation for further exploring the relationship between viruses, autophagy and the pathogenic mechanism of the MDA5 pathway involved in IBDV.
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Hsu CT, Wang Z, Oh S, Rupprecht G, Delubac D, Shen X, Hsu D. 1782P Micro-organospheres as a novel precision oncology platform in colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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63
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Li X, Zhang H, Yuan J, Wu L, Shen X, Xu W. 466P Landscape of HER2 alterations in 5786 Chinese patients with colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Qin Y, Zhang S, Cui S, Shen X, Wang J, Cui X, Zuo M, Gao Z, Zhang J, Yang J, Zhu H, Chang B. High urinary excretion rate of glucose attenuates serum uric acid level in type 2 diabetes with normal renal function. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1981-1988. [PMID: 33515212 PMCID: PMC8357730 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The relationship between urinary excretion rate of glucose (UEGL) and uric acid (UA) metabolism in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear to date. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of UEGL with serum UA (SUA), urinary excretion rate of uric acid (UEUA), and renal clearance of uric acid (CLUA) in adults with T2D. We hypothesised that high UEGL increases UA excretion, which in turn leads to lower SUA. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 635 inpatients with T2D recruited between 2018 and 2019. The relationships of UEGL with UEUA, CLUA, and hyperuricaemia were assessed using analysis of covariance and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Patients in the higher quartile of UEGL tended to have lower SUA levels than those in the lower quartile. In contrast, patients in the higher quartile of UEGL tended to have higher CLUA (p for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for UEUA. In adjusted multivariable linear regression model, UEGL was negatively correlated with SUA (β = - 0.023, 95% CI - 0.034 to - 0.013, p < 0.0001). However, positive correlations of UEGL with UEUA (β = 0.046, 95% CI 0.018-0.074, p = 0.001) and CLUA (β = 0.063, 95% CI 0.042-0.085, p < 0.0001) were found. Furthermore, consistent significant inverse associations were observed between quartiles of UEGL and hyperuricaemia in the adjusted multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS A high UEGL level was positively correlated with UEUA and CLUA. Moreover, it was inversely associated with SUA level, and a consistently increased UEGL level reduced the risk of hyperuricaemia in patients with T2D.
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Ding S, Wang Z, Hsu C, Hsu D, Shen X. 3O Patient-derived micro-organospheres (MOS) recapitulate tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity for precision oncology. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Wang K, Zhang H, Xu H, Lv Y, Shen X, Huang D, Zhang X. 1250P Differences of immune microenvironment among NSCLC patients with various KRAS mutation types. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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67
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Jiang Q, Zhang H, Liu S, Shen X, Hou L. 903P Analysis of hyper-progression disease-related gene alterations in Chinese patients with non-nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Miao ZH, Zhou WX, Cheng RY, Liang HJ, Jiang FL, Shen X, Lu JH, Li M, He F. Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in early life aggravates high-fat diet induced dysmetabolism in adult mice. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:209. [PMID: 34238228 PMCID: PMC8268513 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence have shown that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in prevention of host obesity and metabolism disorders. Recent studies also demonstrate that early life is the key time for the colonization of intestinal microbes in host. However, there are few studies focusing on possible association between intestinal microbiota in the early life and metabolism in adulthood. Therefore the present study was conducted to examine whether the short term antibiotic and/or probiotic exposure in early life could affect intestinal microbes and their possible long term effects on host metabolism. RESULTS A high-fat diet resulted in glucose and lipid metabolism disorders with higher levels of visceral fat rate, insulin-resistance indices, and leptin. Exposure to ceftriaxone in early life aggravated the negative influences of a high-fat diet on mouse physiology. Orally fed TMC3115 protected mice, especially those who had received treatment throughout the whole study, from damage due to a high-fat diet, such as increases in levels of fasting blood glucose and serum levels of insulin, leptin, and IR indices. Exposure to ceftriaxone during the first 2 weeks of life was linked to dysbiosis of the fecal microbiota with a significant decrease in the species richness and diversity. However, the influence of orally fed ceftriaxone on the fecal microbiota was limited to 12 weeks after the termination of treatment. Of note, at week 12 there were still some differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between mice provided with high fat diet and antibiotic exposure and those only fed a high fat diet. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that exposure to antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone, in early life may aggravate the negative influences of a high-fat diet on the physiology of the host animal. These results also suggest that the crosstalk between the host and their intestinal microbiota in early life may be more important than that in adulthood, even though the same intestinal microbes are present in adulthood.
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Zhu C, Zhang C, Cui X, Wu J, Cui Z, Shen X. Trichosanthin inhibits cervical cancer by regulating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2779-2790. [PMID: 34233587 PMCID: PMC8806483 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1930335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on many studies, trichosanthin (TCS) has an antiviral effect that regulates immune response, and targets cancer cells to exert broad-spectrum anti-tumor pharmacological activities. It is speculated that TCS may be a potential natural active drug for preventing as well as treating cervical cancer. But the clearer impact along with underlying TCS mechanism on cervical cancer are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the function and potential mechanism of TCS in cervical cancer. We measured the viability of cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa & caski cells) using CCK-8 analysis, detected cell proliferation efficiency through Ki-67 staining, analyzed cell apoptosis rate via flow cytometry as well as annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, performed apoptosis-related protein expression through western blotting, evaluated cell migration along with invasion by wound as well as transwell assays, carried out MMP via JC-1 and Rh123 fluorescent probes, as well as detected intracellular ATP and ROS levels by flow cytometry, respectively, to evaluate the effects of TCS. We found that TCS inhibited viability along with proliferation, induced apoptosis, as well as inhibited HeLa & caski cell migration along with invasion in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Additionally, TCS also reduced MMP, and the production of adenosine triphosphate, as well as induced the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species in cancer cell lines. In accordance with the present studies, TCS inhibits HeLa & caski cell proliferation along with migration but promotes their apoptosis, which may be mediated by regulating oxidative stress.
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Yang LM, Shu C, Chen Z, Liu YY, Wu J, Shen X. Gas kinetic flux solver based high-order finite-volume method for simulation of two-dimensional compressible flows. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:015305. [PMID: 34412237 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.015305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a high-order gas kinetic flux solver (GKFS) is developed for simulation of two-dimensional (2D) compressible flows. Different from the conventional gas kinetic scheme, which uses the local integral solution to the Boltzmann equation to reconstruct the numerical fluxes of macroscopic governing equations, the GKFS evaluates the numerical fluxes by the local asymptotic solution to the Boltzmann equation. This local asymptotic solution consists of the equilibrium distribution function and its substantial derivative at the cell interface. To achieve high-order accuracy in the simulation, the substantial derivative is discretized by a difference scheme with second-order accuracy in time and fourth-order accuracy in space, which results in a polynomial of the equilibrium distribution function at different locations and time levels. The Taylor series expansion is then introduced to simplify this polynomial. As a result, a simple high-order accurate local asymptotic solution to the Boltzmann equation is obtained and the numerical fluxes of macroscopic governing equations are given explicitly. A series of numerical examples are presented to validate the accuracy and capability of the developed high-order GKFS. Numerical results demonstrate that the high-order GKFS can achieve the desired accuracy on both the quadrilateral mesh and the triangular mesh and it outperforms the second-order counterpart.
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Wang ZK, Wang ZW, Shen X, Liu H. [Analysis of maternal mortality trend and age-period-cohort model in China from 1992 to 2017]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2021; 55:742-746. [PMID: 34139814 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210127-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the trend of maternal mortality in China from 1992 to 2017, and to evaluate the effects of age, period and cohort of maternal mortality by using the age-period-cohort (APC) model. Methods: The data of maternal mortality in China from 1992 to 2017 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease project. The maternal mortality rate was adopted to describe the trend of death. The APC model and the estimable function algorithm were used to evaluate the impact of age, period and birth cohort factors on maternal mortality risk in China. Results: From1992 to 2017, the maternal mortality rate in China fluctuated slightly and then continued to decline and finally increased slightly. During this period, the net drift was -10.00% per year (95%CI:-10.92% to -9.08% per year), and all the local drifts were lower than zero in all age groups of 10-54 years old (P<0.05). The results of the APC model analysis showed that the maternal mortality risk of women in their life stage showed a trend of rapid decrease, then a slow climb and finally a rapid increase. The period relative risk and cohort relative risk of maternal mortality both showed a monotonous decreasing trend. Conclusion: From 1992 to 2017, the maternal mortality rate in China generally shows a downward trend, and the risk of maternal mortality has significant age, period and cohort effects.
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Zhang X, Wang J, Li X, Shen X, Xu D, Tian Y, Huang Y. Transcriptomic investigation of embryonic pectoral muscle reveals increased myogenic processes in Shitou geese compared to Wuzong geese. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:650-657. [PMID: 33834898 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1912292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1.Embryonic stages before birth are crucial for poultry muscle development, as this determines muscle mass in adulthood. This study characterised the distinction in embryonic pectoral muscle development between Wuzong (WZE, small) and Shitou (STE, large) geese (two indigenous goose breeds in Guangdong Province, China) at embryonic days 15 (E15), 23 (E23) and the day of hatching (P1) to gain insights into the regulatory mechanisms of muscle development.2.The results showed that STE had significantly higher myofibre density during E15-P1 and had significantly larger myofibre diameter at E15 than WZE. By RNA-sequencing analysis, 19 507 genes were detected, and 7121 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified.3.Gene expression distinctions between breeds began increasing from E23, and WZE had different gene expression profiles compared to STE. A GO analysis of DEGs indicated that myo-genes involved at E15 may influence distinct pectoral muscle development characteristics between WZE and STE. The RT-qPCR results were consistent with the RNA-sequencing analysis. Four muscle structure protein coding genes (MYL2, MYL3, TNNI2 and TNNC2 and three other functional genes (CAV3, CACNA1S and NOS1) were identified in a predicted interaction network. These functional genes may interact with muscle structural protein coding genes to regulate embryonic pectoral muscle development in WZE and STE geese.4.The study revealed that STE and WZE had divergent embryonic pectoral muscle development patterns and these differences may begin before E15.
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Bao Z, Liu J, Hu Y, Li Y, Gu B, Zhu J, Zheng X, Wu M, Shen X, Alffenaar JW. Treatment outcomes for COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:154-156. [PMID: 33656430 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Li N, Liu C, Xiong L, Huang D, Shen X, Zhang H, She X, Jiang Y. P76.100 Primary Drug Resistance to EGFR-TKIs by EGFR p.V1010M Germline Mutation Combined with EGFR p.L858R Somatic Mutation and its Pedigree Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Malin LE, Graves WS, Holl M, Spence JCH, Nanni EA, Li RK, Shen X, Weathersby S. Quantitative agreement between dynamical rocking curves in ultrafast electron diffraction for x-ray lasers. Ultramicroscopy 2021; 223:113211. [PMID: 33582644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electron diffraction through a thin patterned silicon membrane can be used to create complex spatial modulations in electron distributions. By precisely varying parameters such as crystallographic orientation and wafer thickness, the intensity of reflections in the diffraction plane can be controlled and by placing an aperture to block all but one spot, we can form an image with different parts of the patterned membrane, as is done for bright-field imaging in microscopy. The patterned electron beams can then be used to control phase and amplitude of subsequent x-ray emission, enabling novel coherent x-ray methods. The electrons themselves can also be used for femtosecond time resolved diffraction and microscopy. As a first step toward patterned beams, we demonstrate experimentally and through simulation the ability to accurately predict and control diffraction spot intensities. We simulate MeV transmission electron diffraction patterns using the multislice method for various crystallographic orientations of a single crystal Si(001) membrane near beam normal. The resulting intensity maps of the Bragg reflections are compared to experimental results obtained at the Accelerator Structure Test Area Ultrafast Electron Diffraction (ASTA UED) facility at SLAC. Furthermore, the fraction of inelastic and elastic scattering of the initial charge is estimated along with the absorption of the membrane to determine the contrast that would be seen in a patterned version of the Si(001) membrane.
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