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Lee SH, Kim HS, Kim SR, Park YB, Yoo KH, Lee HK. Functional outcome following surgical treatment of metastatic tumors involving the femur. Orthopedics 2000; 23:1075-9. [PMID: 11045554 DOI: 10.3928/0147-7447-20001001-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-eight patients treated surgically for metastatic tumors of the femur were reviewed to evaluate the effects of surgical treatment on quality of life. Average age at surgery was 59 years. The most common origin site of metastatic tumors was the lung. The intertrochanteric area was involved in 14 patients, followed by the subtrochanteric area in 11, femoral neck in 7, and shaft in 6 patients. Surgery was based on the principles that tumor excision should be maximal, and to permit early postoperative ambulation, internal fixation should be rigid with cement augmentation. Types of internal fixation were applied according to lesion site to allow early ambulation and included intramedullary nailing (11), compression hip screw (9), and Rowe plates (7). Prosthetic replacement was performed in 9 patients. Average performance scores improved from 3.8 preoperatively to 2 postoperatively, based on the Functional Classification of the New York Heart Association. In 31 patients (82%), the degree of pain relief was more than a lot according to the criteria of Kaiko. Thirty-five patients survived >5 months postoperatively. In patients with a single metastatic lesion, survival was 21 months, and in patients with multiple lesions, survival was 10 months. Surgical stabilization of a pathologic lesion involving the femur resulted in improvement in the quality of life, including pain relief and early ambulation. In selected patients with a single metastatic lesion and a low-grade primary tumor, prolonged postoperative survival may be expected.
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Sohn DW, Kim YJ, Lee MM, Park YB, Choi YS, Lee YW. Differentiation between reversible and irreversible restrictive left ventricular filling patterns with the use of mitral annulus velocity. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2000; 13:891-5. [PMID: 11029712 DOI: 10.1067/mje.2000.107252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A restrictive left ventricular filling pattern is generally recognized as an ominous prognostic sign in patients with congestive heart failure. Recently, this filling pattern has been further categorized into reversible and irreversible groups according to the changes in the mitral inflow pattern after preload reduction; furthermore, the prognosis is reported to be different for the two groups. Forty-two patients with a restrictive left ventricular filling pattern who could adequately perform Valsalva's maneuver were studied. Baseline peak early (E) and late (A) mitral inflow velocities, E/A ratio, deceleration time of E velocity, peak early (E') and late (A') diastolic mitral annulus velocities, and E'/A' ratio were obtained. During Valsalva's maneuver, the E/A ratio reversed (<1) in fifteen patients (15/42, 36%). These patients were categorized as belonging to the reversible group. Among the baseline mitral inflow and mitral annulus velocity parameters, A' > 0.05 m/s best discriminated between the reversible and irreversible restrictive left ventricular filling patterns, with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 85%.
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Park YB, Park YS, Song J, Lee WK, Suh CH, Lee SK. Clinical manifestations of Korean female gouty patients. Clin Rheumatol 2000; 19:142-6. [PMID: 10791627 DOI: 10.1007/s100670050033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In an endeavor to analyse the clinical characteristics of female gout, we reviewed 36 women with gout. Twenty-seven (75%) developed the first symptomatic episode of gout after the onset of the menopause. The mean age at onset of gout was 54.3 years (range 15-87 years). Twenty-two patients (61%) had hypertension, 17 (47%) had renal insufficiency, 13 (36%) used diuretics and 10 (28%) were taking cyclosporine for a renal allograft. Tophaceous gout occurred in 10 patients (27%) and polyarticular involvement was seen in 16 (44%) at initial presentation. Five of nine premenopausal patients were taking cyclosporine and four had renal insufficiency. A comparison with a control group of 72 randomly selected male patients with gout showed that the female patients were frequently receiving diuretics at the time of the attack and had significantly lower mean uric acid excretion, whereas significantly more male patients showed heavy alcohol consumption and precipitating events for an acute attack compared with the female patients. There were no significant differences between the sexes for onset age, hypertension, renal insufficiency, distribution of joint involvement, tophi and mean serum uric acid concentration. The female patients in this study had a lower mean age at onset of gout than in previous studies, which was attributed to the inclusion of renal transplantation patients. Transplantation gout patients receiving cyclosporine lower the mean age at onset of female gout and this is an emerging problem in female gout.
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Song J, Park H, Hong SH, Lee HK, Park YB, Kim JQ. Remnant-like particle cholesterol levels in Korean patients with coronary artery disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Clin Chem Lab Med 2000; 38:427-32. [PMID: 10952226 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2000.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have provided evidence that the remnants of lipoproteins may be the atherogenic components of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Korean population and to explore the relationship between RLP-C and other biochemical markers as well as the apolipoprotein (apo) E genotypes. Lipid and lipoproteins including RLP-C and apo E genotypes were analyzed in 98 normal adults (control group), 68 patients with CAD (CAD group), 88 patients with NIDDM (DM group), and 19 patients with both CAD and NDDM (CAD + DM group). RLP-C levels were significantly higher in the DM (p < 0.0001), CAD (p = 0.0012) and the CAD + DM groups (p = 0.0184) than in the controls. To determine which variable could discriminate most effectively and independently among the different groups, stepwise linear discriminant analysis was performed for all the variables that showed p < 0.15 by univariate analysis. RLP-C was selected as an independent discriminator between the control and patient groups. RLP-C levels showed a strong positive correlation with trigylceride levels in the control, CAD and DM groups (r = 0.783, r = 0.610 and r = 0.746, respectively). In overall groups, apo epsilon4 and epsilon2 carrier genotypes showed a significant increase in RLP-C levels compared with epsilon3/3 wild-type (p = 0.0085). After adjusting for the effect of apo E genotypes, a significant increase of the RLP-C levels in the disease groups remained. In conclusion, RLP-C was determined to be an independent risk factor in Korean patients with CAD and NIDDM and showed a strong correlation with triglyceride levels. We suggest that the increased cardiovascular risk associated with the epsilon4 and epsilon2 allele may be mediated by more atherogenic RLP-C.
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Kim UK, Kim HS, Oh BH, Lee MM, Kim SH, Chae JJ, Choi HS, Choe SC, Lee CC, Park YB. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA deletions in four chambers of failing human heart: hemodynamic stress, age, and disease are important factors. Basic Res Cardiol 2000; 95:163-71. [PMID: 10826509 DOI: 10.1007/s003950050178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are not only responsible for organ dysfunction due to inefficient energy production but also indicators of metabolic and functional stresses in the organ. To analyze the significance of deletion mutation in human myocardium, we screened the presence of two common deletions (7.4 kb from 8637-16084 nt, 5.0 kb from 8470-13477 nt) in four chambers using long-PCR, and using serial-dilution PCR, measured the amount of deleted mtDNA in normal heart (NL) of brain-dead victims of road accidents (n = 9, age = 10-59) and failing hearts (CHF) of patients who underwent heart transplantation (n = 24, age = 17-63). Frequency of both deletions was higher in ventricles (Vt) than in atria (At) (Vt:At = 25/33:12/33 for 7.4 kb, 19/33:6/33 for 5 kb) (p < 0.05), whereas it was the same in the right and left chambers. In ventricles, both deletions were more frequent among older persons (> 35 yrs) than in younger persons (< or = 35 yrs) (older:younger = 16/20:9/13 for 7.4 kb, 15/20:4/13 for 5 kb) (p < 0.05). In ventricles of failing heart, the 5-kb deletion was more frequent than in those of normal heart (CHF:NL = 17/24:2/9) (p < 0.05), whereas the 7.4-kb deletion was frequent both in failing and normal hearts (CHF:NL = 19/24:6/9). The association of mutation with aging or disease process observed in ventricles was not found in the atria. Although the amount of mutant mtDNA in the left ventricle tended to increase according to a disease process, it was small, at most 1.56% or 0.012% of total mtDNA for a 7.4- or 5-kb deletion, respectively. No deletion was found, however, in lymphocytes from any patient who underwent transplantation. In conclusion, deletion mutation of mtDNA is frequently, but in a small amount, found in the ventricle of older failing heart than in the atrium of younger normal heart. This suggests that hemodynamic stress, age, and disease are factors to induce mtDNA mutation that represents the indicator of stresses on the heart and might turn into a contributor of progressive heart failure under extreme conditions.
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Kim HS, Hwang KK, Seo JW, Kim SY, Oh BH, Lee MM, Park YB. Apoptosis and regulation of Bax and Bcl-X proteins during human neonatal vascular remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:957-63. [PMID: 10764659 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.20.4.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To verify that apoptosis is one of the possible mechanisms of neonatal vascular remodeling during the transition from fetal to neonatal circulation, we assayed for apoptosis and evaluated the expression of apoptosis-regulatory proteins in umbilical vessel versus ascending aorta, ductus arteriosus (DA) versus adjacent pulmonary artery and aorta, or aorta versus its branching arteries. Twenty-two umbilical cords (UCs), 6 DAs with adjacent aortas and pulmonary arteries, and 4 aortic arches with their branching great arteries were obtained from neonates. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) apoptosis in umbilical vessels was identified in all UCs. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-X were stronger in umbilical artery than in the neonatal aorta, but Bcl-2 was weak in both arteries in immunohistochemistry. In the immunoblot analysis of UCs, the expression of the proapoptotic short isoform of Bcl-X was stronger than in other tissue, and caspase-3 was selectively activated, whereas it was not in the other components of the cardiovascular system. In contrast, the expression patterns of the FasAg and Fas ligand were similar in umbilical artery and aorta. Regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins was also observed in other vascular sites at which SMCs undergo apoptosis on hemodynamic changes during birth, such as the DA and the branching points of the great arteries from the aortic arch. Apoptosis is involved in the regression of human umbilical vessels and the DA and in the remodeling of the branching great arteries during the neonatal period, when Bcl-2 family proteins are likely to play a key role.
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Shin JA, Kim SH, Kim UK, Chae JJ, Choe SJ, Namkoong Y, Kim HS, Park YB, Lee CC. Identification of four novel mutations of the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Clin Genet 2000; 57:225-9. [PMID: 10782930 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.570309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To obtain insight into the genetic variation of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), we used single-strand conformation polymorphism to screen all 18 exons and a promotor of the LDL receptor gene in 20 unrelated Korean FH patients. Four novel point mutations were detected in 5 FH patients and were characterized by sequence analysis. Of them, one is a nonsense mutation, a Glu-->Stop (CAG-->TAG) at codon 161, and results in a large deletion. The other three, which were a Ala-->Glu (GCG-->GAG) mutation at signal peptide, Cys-->Tyr (TGC-->TAC) at codon 210, and Pro-->Leu (CTG-->CCG) at codon 584, were novel missense mutations, which modified the highly conserved region of the LDL receptor gene. All these mutations were absent in normolipidemic controls and were associated in heterozygote carriers with clinical signs of FH. Identification of these novel mutations provides another example of the molecular heterogeneity of the LDL receptor gene mutations causing FH.
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Kim BY, Choi HH, Park YB, Yu BS, Oh BS. Video assisted thoracoscopic ligation of patent ductus arteriosus. Technique of sliding loop ligation. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2000; 41:69-72. [PMID: 10836226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Variant video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical technique for closure of patent ductus arteriosus has been introduced. Although the endoscopic clipping device may be a preferred method for interruption of the patent ductus arteriosus, there is always the risk of inadequate clip placement and limitation of application in width of ductus arteriosus. In an effort to overcome this problem we have used a self-made endoscopic loop ligation in 10 patients and herein report the method. Only a small window and one port of access are necessary to dissect the patent ductus arteriosus from the surrounding tissues and to apply the extracorporeally created sliding loop. Successful ligation without shunt is obtained in all cases. The technique is simple and safe even in the presence of a wide ductus.
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Kim HS, Lee MM, Oh BH, Kim KI, Han KH, Park SK, Sohn DW, Yoo KY, Park YB, Choi YS, Lee YW. Synergistic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensinogen gene on cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Cardiol 2000; 72:151-61. [PMID: 10646957 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(99)00184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There are controversies concerning the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and the unclear association between angiotensinogen (ATG) M235T polymorphism and LVH. We investigated both the separate and interactive effects of these two genes on LVH in patients (N=396) with cardiovascular disease and normal healthy volunteers (N=133). RESULTS Frequency of DD genotype of ACE gene was significantly (P<0.05) higher in patients with LVH than patients without LVH or normal controls. Frequency of IT genotype of ATG gene in patients with LVH was significantly (P<0.01) greater than that in normal controls or marginally (P=0.1) higher than that in patients without LVH. These findings were also observed in normotensive patients and normal controls after excluding hypertensive patients. Only in patient group, the frequency of DD genotype in the highest quartile of LVMI was significantly greater than that in the lowest quartile (P<0.05). The higher tendency of TT genotype in the highest quartile patients compared with that in the lowest, did not reach statistical significance. In combined genotype analysis, there was a remarkable difference in LVMI between the two extreme double homozygotes only in patient group (156+/-25 versus 109+/-25 g/m2 for TT+DD versus MM+II) (P<0.01). In ANCOVA, the interaction term composed of ACE and ATG genotype was a significant independent variable for LVMI only in the male patient group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The D-allele of ACE and T-allele of ATG gene exert a synergistic effect on cardiac hypertrophy in male patients with cardiovascular diseases, but not in normal healthy population.
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Park YB, Lim SH, Ahn JH, Kang E, Myung SC, Shim HJ, Yu SH. Nutcracker syndrome: intravascular stenting approach. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:99-101. [PMID: 10607775 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/15.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Choi JC, Park YB, Jee HS, Kim JY, Park IW, Choi BW, Hue SH. The Clinical Significance of Serum CD23 and CD25 in Chronic Cough Patients. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2000. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2000.48.4.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kang YJ, Park YB, Jee HS, Choi JC, Kim JY, Park IW, Choi BW. The effect of surfactant therapy for acute lung injury induced by intratracheal endotoxin instillation in rats examination of the lung. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2000. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2000.48.4.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Choi JC, Jee HS, Park YB, Park SJ, Yoo JH, Kim JY, Park IW, Choi BW, Hue SH. The Relationship of Vo2Max/Min in cardiopulmonary exercise test and fat distribution. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2000. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2000.49.4.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Jang MK, Choi MS, Park YB. Regulation of ferritin light chain gene expression by oxidized low-density lipoproteins in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 265:577-83. [PMID: 10558912 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Genes induced or suppressed by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) in human monocytic THP-1 cells were searched using differential display reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (DDRT-PCR). Among the many differentially expressed cDNA fragments, one was dramatically stimulated by the oxLDL in a steady state level, which was later found to contain sequences corresponding to ferritin light chain (L-ferritin) in a sequence homology search. The stimulatory effect of the oxLDL on the level of L-ferritin mRNA in the THP-1 cells was both time- and dose-dependent. When the cells were allowed to differentiate in the presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the differentiated cells were generally less responsive to the oxLDL than the undifferentiated ones. An increase of L-ferritin mRNA was observed when the cells were treated with the lipid components in the oxLDL such as 9-HODE, 13-HODE, and 25-hydroxycholesterol. In addition, a stimulation of the L-ferritin gene expression was also observed when the cells were treated with an endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligand, 15d-PGJ2, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that oxLDL or its constituents are related to the stimulation of L-ferritin expression via PPARgamma.
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Lee SH, Park YB, Bae KH, Bok SH, Kwon YK, Lee ES, Choi MS. Cholesterol-lowering activity of naringenin via inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase in rats. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 1999; 43:173-80. [PMID: 10545673 DOI: 10.1159/000012783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dietary supplementation of a citrus bioflavonoid, naringenin, on the cholesterol metabolism were studied. For 42 days male rats were fed a 1% (wt/wt) high-cholesterol diet with or without a naringenin supplementation (0.1%, wt/wt) to study its effect on plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid contents, activities of hepatic acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and the excretion of fecal neutral sterols. Naringenin did not significantly alter the concentration of plasma triglycerides, but lowered the plasma cholesterol (3.80 vs. 3.12 mmol/l) concentration and the hepatic cholesterol content (70.3 vs. 54.0 mg/g) significantly (p < 0.05) compared to those of the controls. HMG-CoA reductase (1,879.0 vs. 1,715.0 pmol/min/mg) and ACAT activities (806.0 vs. 563.0 pmol/min/mg) were significantly lower in the naringenin-supplemented group than in controls. Naringenin supplementation caused a marked decrease in the excretion of fecal neutral sterols (242.9 mg/day) compared to the controls (521.9 mg/day). These results show that naringenin lowers the plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations by suppressing HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
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Shin YW, Bok SH, Jeong TS, Bae KH, Jeoung NH, Choi MS, Lee SH, Park YB. Hypocholesterolemic effect of naringin associated with hepatic cholesterol regulating enzyme changes in rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 1999; 69:341-7. [PMID: 10526779 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831.69.5.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the citrus bioflavonoid naringin were tested by using it as a supplement in a high-cholesterol diet. Male rats were fed for 42 days with a 1% (wt/wt) high cholesterol diet either with or without naringin-supplementation (0.1%, wt/wt) to study the effect on plasma lipid levels, hepatic lipid contents, hepatic enzyme activity, and the excretion of fecal neutral sterols. Naringin did not significantly alter the levels of plasma triglycerides, however, the levels of plasma cholesterol (3.80 +/- 0.31 mmol/L vs. 2.61 +/- 0.30 mmol/L, mean +/- SE; p < 0.05) and hepatic cholesterol (70.3 +/- 4.3 mg/g vs. 54.3 +/- 3.8 mg/g, mean +/- SD; p < 0.05) were significantly lowered compared to those of the control. HMG-CoA reductase (2487.0 +/- 210.0 pmole/min/mg vs. 1879.0 +/- 236.0 pmole/min/mg, mean +/- SE; p < 0.05) and ACAT (806.0 +/- 105.0 pmole/min/mg vs. 643.0 +/- 80.0 pmole/min/mg, mean +/- SE; p < 0.05) activities were both substantially lower in the naringin-supplemented group than in the control. The naringin supplementation markedly decreased the excretion of fecal neutral sterols (204.7 +/- 28.5 mg/day) compared to the control (521.9 +/- 53.9 mg/day). The combination of the inhibited HMG-CoA reductase (-24.4%) and ACAT (-20.2%) activities as a result of naringin supplementation could account for the decrease of fecal neutral sterols.
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Lee SH, Kim HS, Park YB, Rhie TY, Lee HK. Prosthetic reconstruction for tumours of the distal tibia and fibula. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY. BRITISH VOLUME 1999; 81:803-7. [PMID: 10530840 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.81b5.9588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out prosthetic reconstruction in six patients with malignant or aggressively benign bone tumours of the distal tibia or fibula. The diagnoses were osteosarcoma in four patients, parosteal osteosarcoma in one and recurrent giant-cell tumour in one. Five tumours were in the distal tibia and one in the distal fibula. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.3 years (2.0 to 7.1). Reconstruction was achieved using custom-made, hinged prostheses which replaced the distal tibia and the ankle. The mean range of ankle movement after operation was 31 degrees and the joints were stable. The average functional score according to the system of the International Society of Limb Salvage was 24.2 and five of the patients had a good outcome. Complications occurred in two with wound infection and talar collapse. All patients were free from neoplastic disease at the latest follow-up. Prosthetic reconstruction may be used for the treatment of malignant tumours of the distal tibia and fibula in selected patients.
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Kim SH, Bae JH, Chae JJ, Kim UK, Choe SJ, Namkoong Y, Kim HS, Park YB, Lee CC. Long-distance PCR-based screening for large rearrangements of the LDL receptor gene in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Clin Chem 1999; 45:1424-30. [PMID: 10471644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The LDL receptor is a cell-surface protein that regulates plasma cholesterol by specific uptake of LDL particles from the blood circulation. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) results from defective catabolism of LDL, which is caused by mutations in the LDL-receptor gene. METHODS For the rapid and reliable detection of large rearrangements in the LDL-receptor gene, we established a screening method based on long-distance PCR as an alternative to Southern-blot hybridization. Using long-distance PCR, 45 unrelated Korean subjects heterozygous for FH were screened to assess the frequency and nature of major structural rearrangements in the LDL-receptor gene. RESULTS Two different deletion mutations, FH6 (same type as FH3 and FH311) and FH 32, were detected in four families by long-distance PCR. Detailed restriction mapping and sequence analysis showed that FH6 was a 5.71-kb deletion extending from intron 8 to intron 12 and that FH32 was a 2-kb deletion extending from intron 6 to intron 7. Sequence analysis for the breakpoints of all deletions detected in Korean FH patients showed that only the left arms of the Alu repetitive sequences were involved in the deletion event. CONCLUSIONS The screening method based on long-distance PCR provides a powerful strategy for the detection of large rearrangements in the LDL-receptor gene and is a rapid and reliable screening alternative to Southern-blot hybridization.
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Park YB, Lee SK, Lee WK, Suh CH, Lee CW, Lee CH, Song CH, Lee J. Lipid profiles in untreated patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1999; 26:1701-4. [PMID: 10451065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate lipid profiles in patients with untreated active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to assess the relationship of the inflammatory condition of RA with lipid profiles. METHODS Forty-two patients with RA and 42 age and sex matched healthy controls were studied. Patients with RA had not been treated with corticosteroid or disease modifying antirheumatic drugs prior to the study. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1), apolipoprotein B (apo B), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in both groups. RESULTS The levels of apo A1 and HDL-cholesterol were significantly lower in patients than in controls (128.5 vs. 151.8 mg/dl, 41.2 vs. 54.9 mg/dl, respectively). The level of Lp(a) was significantly higher in patients than in controls (27.1 vs. 18.0 mg/dl). The ratios of apo B/apo A1, total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol were significantly higher in patients than in controls (0.82 vs. 0.67, 4.4 vs. 3.4, 2.8 vs. 1.9, respectively). CRP showed a significant correlation with apo A1 (r = -0.44, p<0.01) and HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.35, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that patients with untreated active RA have altered lipoprotein and apolipoprotein patterns that may possibly expose them to higher risk of atherosclerosis. The inflammatory condition of RA may affect the metabolism of HDL-cholesterol and apo A1.
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Park YB, Kim DS, Lee WK, Suh CH, Lee SK. Elevated serum interleukin-15 levels in systemic lupus erythematosus. Yonsei Med J 1999; 40:343-8. [PMID: 10487137 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.1999.40.4.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) has multiple biological properties, including the induction of other cytokine production and the inhibition of T cell apoptosis. Recently, IL-15 was reported to have a major role in synovial inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis, and that it provokes and amplifies the inflammatory process through the activation of TNF-alpha production. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the dysregulation of apoptosis and various cytokine production were observed and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Thus, we tried to determine serum IL-15 levels in SLE patients and to assess the relationship among IL-15 levels, TNF-alpha levels and disease activity of SLE. Twenty SLE patients and 10 controls were studied. Paired serum samples were collected from all SLE patients at the time of presentation with active disease and at 4 weeks after institution of treatment. IL-15 levels were determined by ELISA and compared with the disease activity indices in SLE. The disease activity of SLE was measured using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and laboratory parameters such as circulating immune complex (CIC), C3, C4, anti-DNA antibody, IgG, IgM, and IgA. The IL-15 levels in SLE patients were significantly higher than those of controls (5.38 +/- 4.89 vs. 1.04 +/- 1.26 pg/ml). However, elevated IL-15 levels did not correlate with the SLEDAI, nor did they correlate with other laboratory activity indices. The changes in serum IL-15 levels did not correlate with the changes in serum TNF-alpha in the disease course of SLE patients, whereas TNF-alpha reflected the changes in disease activity of SLE. Serum levels of IL-15 are elevated in SLE patients, but IL-15 did not correlate with the disease activity of SLE. TNF-alpha production in SLE patients was unlikely to be related with IL-15.
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Kim HS, Lee MM, Oh BH, Song JM, Park SK, Yoo KY, Park YB, Choi YS, Lee YW. Variant angina is not associated with angiotensin I converting enzyme gene polymorphism but rather with smoking. Coron Artery Dis 1999; 10:227-33. [PMID: 10376201 DOI: 10.1097/00019501-199906000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) perhaps plays roles in regulating coronary vasomotor tone by producing angiotensin II and degrading bradykinin. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the role of ACE gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of variant angina and to compare it with that of other clinical risk factors for male patients with variant angina and age-matched and sex-matched control subjects. METHODS We studied 78 male patients with variant angina who exhibited spontaneous or provoked coronary spasms during coronary angiography and compared prevalences of ACE gene genotype (deletion D and insertion I) and other risk factors between this group of patients with variant angina and age-matched and sex-matched control subjects whose angiograms were normal and in whom the ergonovine test did not cause spasms (n = 80). RESULTS Smokers were more prevalent in the group of patients with variant angina (P < 0.05). Genotype and allele prevalences of the group of patients with variant angina (0.14, 0.53 and 0.33 for DD, DI and II and 0.41 and 0.59 for D and I, respectively) were no different from those of the control group (0.16, 0.49 and 0.35 for DD, DI and II and 0.40 and 0.60 for D and I). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that smoking was a significant risk factor for variant angina (odds ratio 2.61, 95% confidence interval 1.03-6.66) whereas ACE genotype was not. CONCLUSIONS Variant angina is associated with an environmental factor, such as smoking, rather than a genetic factor, such as ACE gene polymorphism.
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Bok SH, Lee SH, Park YB, Bae KH, Son KH, Jeong TS, Choi MS. Plasma and hepatic cholesterol and hepatic activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase and acyl CoA: cholesterol transferase are lower in rats fed citrus peel extract or a mixture of citrus bioflavonoids. J Nutr 1999; 129:1182-5. [PMID: 10356084 DOI: 10.1093/jn/129.6.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesterol-lowering effects of tangerine peel extract and a mixture of two citrus flavonoids were tested. Male rats were fed a 1 g/100 g high-cholesterol diet for 42 d with supplements of either tangerine-peel extract or a mixture of naringin and hesperidin (0.5 g/100 g) to study the effects of plasma and hepatic lipids, hepatic enzyme activities, and the excretion of fecal neutral sterols. Both the tangerine-peel extract and mixture of two flavonoids significantly lowered the levels (mean +/- SE) of plasma (2.44 +/- 0. 59 and 2.42 +/- 0.31 mmol/L, vs. 3.80 +/- 0.28 mmol/L, P < 0.05), hepatic cholesterol (0.143 +/- 0.017 and 0.131 +/- 0.010 mmol/g vs. 0.181 +/- 0.003 mmol/g, P < 0.05), and hepatic triglycerides (0.069 +/- 0.007 and 0.075 +/- 0.006 mmol/g vs. 0.095 +/- 0.002 mmol/g, P < 0.05) compared to those of the control. The 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase (1565.0 +/- 106. 0 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1 and 1783.0 +/- 282 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1 vs. 2487.0 +/- 210.0 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1, P < 0.05) and acyl CoA: cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) activities (548.0 +/- 65.0 and 615.0 +/- 80.0 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1 vs. 806.0 +/- 105.0 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the experimental groups than in the control. These supplements also substantially reduced the excretion of fecal neutral sterols compared to the control (211.1 +/- 26.7 and 208.2 +/- 31.6 mg/d vs. 521.9 +/- 53.9 mg/d). The inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT activities resulting from the supplementation of either tangerine-peel extract or a combination of its bioflavonoids could account for the decrease in fecal neutral sterol that appears to compensate for the decreased cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver.
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Jeoung NH, Jang WG, Nam JI, Pak YK, Park YB. Identification of retinoic acid receptor element in human cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 258:411-5. [PMID: 10329401 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulation of the human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene by retinoic acid was investigated by a transient transfection assay. A series of deleted vectors generated from the 5'-upstream region (3434 bp) of the CETP gene linked to the luciferase reporter gene was individually transfected to HepG2 cells. Promoter analyses revealed essential regulatory machinery in the -110/-40 region of the upstream sequence of the human CETP gene. When the cells transfected with the reporter vectors were stimulated with all-trans retinoic acid (tRA), the hormone response was drastically reduced when the -165/-110 region was deleted, thereby suggesting that there may be a retinoic acid receptor element (RARE) in the region. A footprinting analysis showed that the DNA segment at the -165/-134 is protected by the HepG2 nuclear extract. A competition analysis on the gel mobility shift assay using consensus RARE and a purified retinoic acid receptor confirmed the -165/-134 region as being RARE.
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Chae JJ, Kim SH, Kim UK, Han KH, Kim HS, Kastner DL, Namkoong Y, Park YB, Lee CC. Three novel small deletion mutations of the LDL receptor gene in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Clin Genet 1999; 55:325-31. [PMID: 10422802 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.1999.550505.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene from 80 unrelated Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) was analyzed to screen for small structural rearrangements that could not be detected by Southern blot hybridization. Three different small deletions were detected in exon 11 of 3 FH patients and were characterized by DNA sequence analysis. Of them two mutations are in-frame 36-bp (FH 2) and 9-bp (FH 34) deletions that result in the loss of twelve amino acids (from Met510 to Ile521) and three amino acids (Thr513, Asp514 and Trp515), respectively. Both mutations are located in the third of the five YWTD motifs of the LDL receptor gene. The third mutation (FH 400) is a 2-bp deletion that shifts the translational reading frame and results in a prematurely terminated receptor protein. The generation of a 36-bp deletion can be explained by the formation of a hairpin-loop structure mediated by inverted repeat sequences. On the other hand, the mechanism responsible for the 9- and the 2-bp deletions is probably strand-slippage mispairing mediated by short direct repeats. All of these three deletions are novel mutations. Each of the three deletions was detected only in a single pedigree out of 80 FH families analyzed.
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Sohn DW, Kim YJ, Kim HC, Chun HG, Park YB, Choi YS. Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function when mitral E and A waves are completely fused: role of assessing mitral annulus velocity. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999; 12:203-8. [PMID: 10070184 DOI: 10.1016/s0894-7317(99)70136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitral inflow parameters have been used most widely in the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. However, when the mitral E and A waves are completely fused, mitral inflow parameters cannot provide information about the LV diastolic function. LV filling pressure, mitral inflow, mitral annulus velocity, and tau (tau) were measured in 59 patients with sinus rhythm when mitral E and A waves were completely fused with right atrial pacing. When mitral E and A waves were completely fused, tau correlated with the peak fused mitral annulus velocity (r = -0.60, P <.001), and peak fused mitral annulus velocity of less than 12.5 cm/s best discriminated prolonged (>/=50 ms) from normal tau, with a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 69%. The peak fused mitral inflow velocity to peak fused mitral annulus velocity ratio correlated with LV filling pressure (r = 0.62, P <.001). A ratio of at least 8, could predict elevated LV filling pressure (>/=15 mm Hg) with a sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 74%. In conclusion, even when mitral E and A waves are completely fused, mitral annulus velocity can be used in the evaluation of LV diastolic function.
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