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Zhu C, Jiang ZY, Jiang SQ, Zhou GL, Lin YC, Chen F, Hong P. Maternal energy and protein affect subsequent growth performance, carcass yield, and meat color in Chinese Yellow broilers. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1869-78. [PMID: 22802180 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of maternal ME and CP levels on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of broiler offspring. A total of 1,134 thirty-week-old Chinese Yellow broiler breeders was randomly assigned to 3 dietary ME levels (11.09, 11.51, and 11.92 MJ/kg) and 3 CP levels (15.5, 16.5, and 17.5%) in a 3×3 factorial arrangement. Each dietary treatment had 6 replicates with 21 hens per replicate. At 39 wk of age, 30 settable eggs per replicate were selected for hatching. All broiler offspring were fed the same diets. There were significant ME×CP interactions in egg CP and ether extract (EE) contents, BW at d 1, 22 to 42 d ADG, ADFI during 1 to 21 d and 43 to 63 d, shear force, plasma albumin, cholesterol, and triglycerides contents of broiler offspring. Dietary ME at 11.92 MJ/kg increased average egg weight, egg EE content, and broiler 1-d-old BW compared with 11.09 MJ/kg group at 16.5%, 15.5%, and 17.5% CP levels, respectively (P<0.05). Maternal 11.51 and 11.92 MJ/kg of ME increased 1 to 21-d ADFI, and 11.51 MJ/kg of ME decreased lightness (L*) value of broiler offspring compared with 11.09 MJ/kg group at 17.5 and 16.5% CP levels, respectively (P<0.05). Broiler breeder dietary CP at 17.5% decreased egg EE content, increased average egg weight, egg CP content, BW at d 1, and 1 to 21-d ADFI of broiler offspring compared with 15.5% CP group at 11.92 MJ/kg of ME level (P<0.05). Maternal dietary 15.5% CP increased dressing percentage and decreased yellowness (b*) value of broiler offspring compared with 16.5% and 17.5% CP groups at 11.51 MJ/kg of ME level, respectively (P<0.05). Collectively, the results indicate that maternal diets composed of 11.51 to 11.92 MJ/kg of ME and 17.5% CP at 39 wk of age increased growth performance during 1 to 21 d in Chinese Yellow broiler, whereas 11.51 MJ/kg of ME and 15.5% CP improved carcass dressing percentage and meat color of their offspring.
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An FP, Bai JZ, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Beavis D, Beriguete W, Bishai M, Blyth S, Boddy K, Brown RL, Cai B, Cao GF, Cao J, Carr R, Chan WT, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chasman C, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen SJ, Chen SM, Chen XC, Chen XH, Chen XS, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cherwinka JJ, Chu MC, Cummings JP, Deng ZY, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Dong L, Draeger E, Du XF, Dwyer DA, Edwards WR, Ely SR, Fang SD, Fu JY, Fu ZW, Ge LQ, Ghazikhanian V, Gill RL, Goett J, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Gornushkin YA, Greenler LS, Gu WQ, Guan MY, Guo XH, Hackenburg RW, Hahn RL, Hans S, He M, He Q, He WS, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Hinrichs P, Ho TH, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu T, Hu T, Huang HX, Huang HZ, Huang PW, Huang X, Huang XT, Huber P, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, Jetter S, Ji XL, Ji XP, Jiang HJ, Jiang WQ, Jiao JB, Johnson RA, Kang L, Kettell SH, Kramer M, Kwan KK, Kwok MW, Kwok T, Lai CY, Lai WC, Lai WH, Lau K, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lee MKP, Leitner R, Leung JKC, Leung KY, Lewis CA, Li B, Li F, Li GS, Li J, Li QJ, Li SF, Li WD, Li XB, Li XN, Li XQ, Li Y, Li ZB, Liang H, Liang J, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin SK, Lin SX, Lin YC, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu BJ, Liu C, Liu DW, Liu H, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu S, Liu X, Liu YB, Lu C, Lu HQ, Luk A, Luk KB, Luo T, Luo XL, Ma LH, Ma QM, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, Mayes B, McDonald KT, McFarlane MC, McKeown RD, Meng Y, Mohapatra D, Morgan JE, Nakajima Y, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Nemchenok I, Newsom C, Ngai HY, Ngai WK, Nie YB, Ning Z, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oh D, Olshevski A, Pagac A, Patton S, Pearson C, Pec V, Peng JC, Piilonen LE, Pinsky L, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Raper N, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Seilhan B, Shao BB, Shih K, Steiner H, Stoler P, Sun GX, Sun JL, Tam YH, Tanaka HK, Tang X, Themann H, Torun Y, Trentalange S, Tsai O, Tsang KV, Tsang RHM, Tull C, Viren B, Virostek S, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang LS, Wang LY, Wang LZ, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang T, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Webber DM, Wei YD, Wen LJ, Wenman DL, Whisnant K, White CG, Whitehead L, Whitten CA, Wilhelmi J, Wise T, Wong HC, Wong HLH, Wong J, Worcester ET, Wu FF, Wu Q, Xia DM, Xiang ST, Xiao Q, Xing ZZ, Xu G, Xu J, Xu J, Xu JL, Xu W, Xu Y, Xue T, Yang CG, Yang L, Ye M, Yeh M, Yeh YS, Yip K, Young BL, Yu ZY, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang K, Zhang QX, Zhang SH, Zhang YC, Zhang YH, Zhang YX, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhao QW, Zhao YB, Zheng L, Zhong WL, Zhou L, Zhou ZY, Zhuang HL, Zou JH. Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:171803. [PMID: 22680853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has measured a nonzero value for the neutrino mixing angle θ(13) with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations. Antineutrinos from six 2.9 GWth reactors were detected in six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (flux-weighted baseline 470 m and 576 m) and one far (1648 m) underground experimental halls. With a 43,000 ton-GWth-day live-time exposure in 55 days, 10,416 (80,376) electron-antineutrino candidates were detected at the far hall (near halls). The ratio of the observed to expected number of antineutrinos at the far hall is R=0.940±0.011(stat.)±0.004(syst.). A rate-only analysis finds sin(2)2θ(13)=0.092±0.016(stat.)±0.005(syst.) in a three-neutrino framework.
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Lin YC, Lu TH, Huang KF, Chen YF. Model of commensurate harmonic oscillators with SU(2) coupling interactions: analogous observation in laser transverse modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:046217. [PMID: 22680566 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.046217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically explore the eigenstates of a coupled p:q commensurate harmonic oscillator with SU(2) coupling interactions under the canonical transformation. The spatial patterns of the high-order eigenstates are found to be markedly localized on Lissajous figures from single to multiple periodic orbits. Controlling the pumping size in large-Fresnel-number degenerate cavities, we have experimentally observed the laser transverse modes that display the wave patterns to be analogous to the derived eigenstates.
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Chen SC, Kuo TY, Lin YC, Lin HC. Electrical and optical properties of NiO composite films by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 12:1196-1200. [PMID: 22629920 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The 100-nm NiO-Ag composite films with Ag content of 0 to 24.4 at.% are deposited on glass substrates. It is found that an ultra high electric resistivity (rho) value is obtained and cannot be detected by four point probe measurement when the Ag content is less than 3.4 at.%. The rho value is reduced significantly to 29.0 Omega-cm as Ag content is increased to 4.2 at.%, and it decreases greatly to 0.009 Omega-cm as the content of Ag is further increased to 24.4 at.%. The NiO-Ag composite film with Ag content of 4.2 at.% shows p-type conduction. However, it becomes n-type when the Ag content increases to 9.3 at.%, which results from the Ag atoms segregated at grain boundary of NiO when the excess Ag atoms are added into NiO films. On the other hand, the transmittance of the NiO-Ag films drops continuously from 96.3% to 31.6% as the Ag content increases from 0 to 24.4%.
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Yang HB, Tan N, Wu FJ, Liu HJ, Sun M, She ZG, Lin YC. Biosorption of uranium(VI) by a mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. #ZZF51 from the South China Sea. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [PMID: 26224921 PMCID: PMC4514007 DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The uranium(VI) accumulation was studied in detail by using the biomass of mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium sp.#ZZF51 from the South China Sea. The uranium(VI) biosorption process onto the tested fungus powders was optimized at pH 4.0, adsorption time 60 min, and uranium(VI) initial concentration 50 mg L−1 with 61.89% of removal efficiency. According to Fourier transform infrared spectra for the tested fungus before and after loaded with uranium(VI), the results showed that both of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups acted as the important roles in the adsorption process. In addition, the experimental data were analyzed by using parameter and kinetic models, and it was obtained that the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided better correlation with the experimental data for adsorption of uranium(VI).
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Lin YC, Chen CC, Cheng CJ, Yang RB. Domain and functional analysis of a novel breast tumor suppressor protein, SCUBE2. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27039-47. [PMID: 21652720 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.244418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal peptide CUB (complement proteins C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp 1)-EGF domain-containing protein 2 (SCUBE2) is a secreted, membrane-associated multidomain protein composed of five recognizable motifs: an NH(2)-terminal signal peptide sequence, nine copies of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, a spacer region, three cysteine-rich repeats, and one CUB domain at the COOH terminus. Our previous clinical study showed that SCUBE2 may act as a novel breast tumor suppressor gene and serve as a useful prognostic marker. However, the specific domain responsible for its tumor suppressor activity and the precise mechanisms of its anti-tumor effect remain unknown. Using a combination of biochemical, molecular, and cell biology techniques, we further dissected the molecular functions and signal pathways mediated by the NH(2)-terminal EGF-like repeats or COOH-terminal CUB domain of SCUBE2. Independent overexpression of the NH(2)-terminal EGF-like repeats or COOH-terminal CUB domain resulted in suppression of MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation and reduced MCF-7 xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Molecular and biochemical analyses revealed that the COOH-terminal CUB domain could directly bind to and antagonize bone morphogenetic protein activity in an autocrine manner, whereas the NH(2)-terminal EGF-like repeats could mediate cell-cell homophilic adhesions in a calcium-dependent fashion, interact with E-cadherin (a master tumor suppressor), and decrease the β-catenin signaling pathway. Together, our data demonstrate that SCUBE2 has growth inhibitory effects through a coordinated regulation of two distinct mechanisms: antagonizing bone morphogenetic protein and suppressing the β-catenin pathway in breast cancer cells.
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Lin YC, Lu TH, Huang KF, Chen YF. Generation of optical vortex array with transformation of standing-wave Laguerre-Gaussian mode. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:10293-303. [PMID: 21643287 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We develop a novel method of creating optical vortex array by the conversion of a standing-wave Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode. Theoretically, by employing the transformational relation, the standing-wave LG mode is verified to be transformed from a pair of crisscrossed Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes, embedded with optical vortex array, consists of a TEMn,m mode and a TEMm,n mode. Due to close correspondence between the transformational relation and the mode conversion of astigmatic lenses, we successfully generate the optical vortex array by transforming a standing-wave LG mode into the crisscrossed HG modes via a π/2 cylindrical lens mode converter. The investigation may provide useful insight in the study of the vortex light beam and its further applications.
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Dong SL, Su JL, Yeh YH, Chu TC, Lin YC, Chuang KS. Development of an imaging-planning program for screen/film and computed radiography mammography for breasts with short chest wall to nipple distance. Br J Radiol 2011; 84:350-7. [PMID: 21123310 PMCID: PMC3473466 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/97507379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Imaging breasts with a short chest wall to nipple distance (CWND) using a traditional mammographic X-ray unit is a technical challenge for mammographers. The purpose of this study is the development of an imaging-planning program to assist in determination of imaging parameters of screen/film (SF) and computed radiography (CR) mammography for short CWND breasts. METHODS A traditional mammographic X-ray unit (Mammomat 3000, Siemens, Munich, Germany) was employed. The imaging-planning program was developed by combining the compressed breast thickness correction, the equivalent polymethylmethacrylate thickness assessment for breasts and the tube loading (mAs) measurement. Both phantom exposures and a total of 597 exposures were used for examining the imaging-planning program. RESULTS Results of the phantom study show that the tube loading rapidly decreased with the CWND when the automatic exposure control (AEC) detector was not fully covered by the phantom. For patient exposures with the AEC fully covered by breast tissue, the average fractional tube loadings, defined as the ratio of the predicted mAs using the imaging-planning program and mAs of the mammogram, were 1.10 and 1.07 for SF and CR mammograms, respectively. The predicted mAs values were comparable to the mAs values, as determined by the AEC. CONCLUSION By applying the imaging-planning program in clinical practice, the experiential dependence of the mammographer for determination of the imaging parameters for short CWND breasts is minimised.
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Ma XY, Jiang ZY, Lin YC, Zheng CT, Zhou GL. Dietary supplementation with carnosine improves antioxidant capacity and meat quality of finishing pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 94:e286-95. [PMID: 20626506 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01009.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) supplementation on antioxidant capacity and meat quality of pigs. 72 pigs approximately 60 kg were fed a corn- and soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 0, 25, 50 or 100 mg carnosine per kg diet for 8 weeks. Carnosine supplementation did not affect growth performance and carcass traits of pigs. However, the addition of 100 mg carnosine per kg diet increased pH value of muscle at 45 min, 24 h and 48 h postmortem. It also decreased drip loss at 48 h postmortem and increased redness value of muscle at 45 min postmortem (p < 0.05). The addition of 100 mg carnosine per kg diet enhanced glycogen concentration and Ca-ATPase activity at 24 and 48 h postmortem, and reduced malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein complexes concentrations in muscle at 24 h postmortem (p < 0.05). The addition of 100 mg carnosine per kg diet increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in plasma, liver or muscle, as well as SOD and GSH-Px genes expression in muscle (p < 0.05). Taken together, these findings indicate that carnosine supplementation improves antioxidant capacity and meat quality of pigs.
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Lin YC, Wang SJ, Chung HP, Liu HM, Chou FI. Low dose of gamma irradiation enhanced boronophenylalanine uptake in head and neck carcinoma cells for boron neutron capture therapy. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:1728-31. [PMID: 21393007 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to increase the boron uptake of human head and neck carcinoma SAS cells for BNCT by using a gamma dose of 0.1 Gy for combined treatment. Intracellular boron concentrations in 25 μgB/mL medium of BPA treated and BPA combined gamma-irradiation treated SAS cells were 73.8±1.73 and 95.15±1.36 ppm, respectively. After neutron irradiation, the G2/M-phase cell populations of untreated, BPA treated and BPA combined gamma-irradiation treated SAS cells were 19.31±1.71%, 52.47±2.25% and 59.19±2.63%, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the low dose gamma radiation with combination BPA treatment has the highest killing rate after neutron irradiation. Capable of significantly increasing the G2/M arrest after neutron irradiation, the combined treatment of a low dose of gamma irradiation with 25 μg B/mL medium of BPA also provided a higher killing effect for BNCT.
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Liu CC, Ou TT, Wu CC, Li RN, Lin YC, Lin CH, Tsai WC, Liu HW, Yen JH. Global DNA methylation, DNMT1, and MBD2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2010; 20:131-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203310381517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the associations of DNA methylation levels and mRNA expressions of DNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and methyl CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 108 patients with SLE and 97 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. DNA and total RNA were extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the SLE patients and the controls. The global methylation levels of DNA were measured in 63 patients with SLE and 68 healthy controls by the ELISA method. DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA were also detected in 108 SLE patients and 97 controls using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The global methylation level of DNA was significantly decreased in the SLE patients in comparison with that in the controls ( p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.1573–0.5052). The patients with SLE have higher expressions of DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA than the controls ( p < 0.001, 95% CI = −0.0049 – −0.0019 and p = 0.001, 95% CI = −0.0119 – −0.0029, respectively). We also found that there were no significant differences in the methylation level and the expression of DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA between the active and the inactive SLE patients. A positive correlation was also found between DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA expressions in the SLE patients ( p < 0.001). This study demonstrated that the patients with SLE had a significantly lower level of DNA methylation than the controls. The expression of both DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA was significantly increased in the SLE patients compared with the controls. This study also showed a positive correlation between DNMT1 and MBD2 mRNA levels in the patients with SLE.
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Gao YY, Jiang ZY, Lin YC, Zheng CT, Zhou GL, Chen F. Effects of spray-dried animal plasma on serous and intestinal redox status and cytokines of neonatal piglets. J Anim Sci 2010; 89:150-7. [PMID: 20817859 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, as well as serum and intestinal cytokines and antioxidant indicators of artificially reared neonatal piglets. Three diets, 1) control (a fish meal basal diet), 2) SDAP (containing 10% SDAP), and 3) autoclaved SDAP (auSDAP; containing 10% auSDAP), were fed to 36 weaned piglets (3 d old), which were randomly allotted to 3 groups. At 21 d of age, blood and intestinal mucosal samples were collected from all piglets after they were slaughtered. Compared with the control, both SDAP and auSDAP improved ADFI and duodenal villus height of piglets (P < 0.05), whereas SDAP increased ADG and duodenal villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05). Piglets fed SDAP and auSDAP had reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in mucosa (P < 0.05). The concentration of serum MDA was decreased and mucosal catalase (CAT) activities were increased in piglets fed SDAP diet than those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). In the mucosa, both SDAP and auSDAP decreased tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6, transforming growth factor β, and soluble IL-2 receptor contents (P < 0.05). Mucosal IL-1β was decreased in SDAP compared with auSDAP and control groups (P < 0.05). The SDAP and control groups had increased mucosal IL-2 compared with auSDAP group (P < 0.05). The cytokines in serum were not affected by SDAP and auSDAP. The results indicate that both SDAP and auSDAP improved the growth performance of neonatal piglets, whereas the SDAP had a greater effect. The benefits of SDAP probably resulted from the promotion of the intestinal development, which were accompanied by the increased antioxidant capacity and the decreased production of inflammatory factors in the intestinal mucosa.
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Hsu LC, Wang SL, Lin YC, Wang MK, Chiang PN, Liu JC, Kuan WH, Chen CC, Tzou YM. Cr(VI) removal on fungal biomass of Neurospora crassa: the importance of dissolved organic carbons derived from the biomass to Cr(VI) reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:6202-6208. [PMID: 20669959 DOI: 10.1021/es1017015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of toxic Cr(VI) with renewable biomaterials are considered an important pathway for Cr(VI) removal in ecosystems. Biomaterials are susceptible to dissolution, and their dissolved derivatives may provide an alternative to surface-involved pathway for scavenging of Cr(VI). In this study, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from Neurospora crassa biomass was investigated. The proportion of Cr(VI) reduction by DOC to that on biomass was determined to evaluate the importance of DOC to Cr(VI) reduction. A rapid increase in DOC concentration from 145.6 to 193.7 mg L(-1) was observed when N. crassa-biomass was immersed in 0.01 M KCl solution at pH of 1-5, and polysaccharides, peptides, and glycoproteins with carboxyl, amide, and -NH functional groups, are the major compositions of DOC. On reaction of 96.2 microM Cr(VI) with N. crassa-biomass or DOC, it was estimated that DOC contributed approximately 53.8-59.5% of the total Cr(VI) reduction on biomass in the dark. Illumination enhanced Cr(VI) reduction via photo-oxidation of biomass/DOC under aeration conditions, which formed superoxide for Cr(VI) reduction. At pH 1, photoinduced Cr(VI) reduction by DOC proceeded more rapidly than reduction on the biomass surface. However, at pH >3, with a decrease in Cr(VI) reduction by DOC, photon-excited biomass may become an important electron source for Cr(VI) photoreduction.
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Hang LW, Chen W, Liang SJ, Lin YC, Tu CY, Chen HJ, Chiu KL. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea requiring intensive care. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:506-12. [PMID: 20514960 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1003800315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed the clinical characteristics, required intervention and short- and long-term outcomes in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients requiring intensive care. A retrospective, single-centre, observational cohort study was undertaken in a multidisciplinary teaching medical and surgical intensive care unit. Adult patients with OSA (apnoea-hypopnoea index of 5 or higher) requiring intensive care from January 2000 to January 2005 were included. Thirty-seven OSA patients (age: 58 +/- 14 years, male:female 27:10) were admitted due to respiratory (n=12, 32%), cerebrovascular (n=8, 22%), cardiovascular (n=16, 43%) and infectious events (n=1, 2.7%). Comparing the clinical features, polysomnographic data and outcome among these groups, we found that OSA patients admitted due to respiratory events had significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, lower arterial blood gas pH, higher PaCO2, a higher incidence of respiratory failure (92%) and required non-invasive ventilation after extubation (73%), and higher intensive care unit readmission rates than patients admitted due to cerebrovascular events and cardiovascular events (P < 0.05). No difference was found in the in-hospital and long-term mortality rate. The most common reason for intensive care unit admission in critically ill OSA patients was a cardiovascular event, followed by respiratory and cerebrovascular events. The baseline polysomnographic data of the OSA patients were not correlated with their clinical features and outcomes in the intensive care unit. A more complicated clinical course and higher intensive care unit readmission rate were encountered in OSA patients admitted due to respiratory events. Further studies would be required to evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation for facilitation of extubation in OSA patients presenting with hypercapnic respiratory failure.
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Reddish JM, Ye W, Lin YC, Wick M. (-)-Gossypol containing hen sera and a myosin (-)-gossypol conjugate reduces the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:439-444. [PMID: 20332451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sera from chickens that consumed a known level of (-)-gossypol (-)-GP) exhibited bioactivity against human breast cancer cells in vitro. Based on this, it is conceivable that similar anti-breast cancer activities of different magnitudes will be exhibited in biological samples harvested from (-)-GP-fed layer hens. The experimental data generated in this study may influence the fundamental thinking regarding the utilization of low cost agricultural commodities such as (-)-GP cottonseed meal to produce value-added chemopreventive animal products.
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Lu TH, Lin YC, Liang HC, Huang YJ, Chen YF, Huang KF. Observation of lasing modes with exotic localized wave patterns from astigmatic large-Fresnel-number cavities. OPTICS LETTERS 2010; 35:345-347. [PMID: 20125716 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the lasing modes in large-Fresnel-number laser systems with astigmatism effects. Experimental results reveal that numerous lasing modes are concentrated on exotic patterns corresponding to intriguing geometries. We theoretically use the quantum operator algebra to construct the wave representation for manifesting the origin of the localized wave patterns.
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Liang HC, Huang YJ, Lin YC, Lu TH, Chen YF, Huang KF. Picosecond optical vortex converted from multigigahertz self-mode-locked high-order Hermite-Gaussian Nd:GdVO(4) lasers. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:3842-4. [PMID: 20016632 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.003842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on a gigahertz self-mode-locked high-order Hermite-Gaussian (HG) Nd:GdVO(4) laser. With a pump power of 2.2 W, the average output power for the TEM(0,m) modes from m=9 to m=0 are among 350-780 mW at a repetition rate of 3.5 GHz. The mode-locked pulse width is in the range of 20-25 ps for various HG TEM(0,m) modes. With a simple cylindrical-lens converter, the mode-locked HG beams are converted to generate picosecond optical vortex pulses.
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Cheng CJ, Lin YC, Tsai MT, Chen CS, Hsieh MC, Chen CL, Yang RB. SCUBE2 Suppresses Breast Tumor Cell Proliferation and Confers a Favorable Prognosis in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2009; 69:3634-41. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-3615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kasza KE, Koenderink GH, Lin YC, Broedersz CP, Messner W, Nakamura F, Stossel TP, MacKintosh FC, Weitz DA. Nonlinear elasticity of stiff biopolymers connected by flexible linkers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 79:041928. [PMID: 19518277 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.79.041928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Networks of the biopolymer actin, cross-linked by the compliant protein filamin, form soft gels. They can, however, withstand large shear stresses due to their pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior. The nonlinear elasticity can be controlled by varying the number of cross-links per actin filament. We propose and test a model of rigid filaments decorated by multiple flexible linkers that is in quantitative agreement with experiment. This allows us to estimate loads on individual cross-links, which we find to be less than 10 pN.
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Su CY, Kuo YP, Lin YC, Huang CT, Tseng YH, Burnouf T. A virally inactivated functional growth factor preparation from human platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2009; 97:119-28. [PMID: 19320900 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2009.01180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human platelet growth factors (HPGF) are essential for tissue regeneration and may replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell therapy. No method for the manufacture of standardized virally inactivated HPGF has been developed yet. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Platelet concentrates (PC) were subjected to solvent/detergent (S/D) treatment (1% TnBP/1% Triton X-45), oil extraction, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and sterile filtration. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB, -BB and -AA, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) were measured by ELISA. Composition in proteins and lipids was determined, protein profiles were obtained by SDS-PAGE, and TnBP and Triton X-45 were assessed by gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Cell growth promoting activity of HPGF was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay using human embryonic kidney (HEK293A) fibroblast and Statens Seruminstitute rabbit corneal (SIRC) epithelial cell lines. RESULTS The GF preparation contained a mean of 16.66, 2.04, 1.53, 72.19, 0.33, 48.59 and 0.44 ng/ml of PDGF-AB, -BB, -AA, TGF-beta1, EGF, IGF-1 and VEGF, respectively. The protein profile was typical of platelet releasates and had less than 2 p.p.m. of residual S/D agents. MTS assay of HEK293A and SIRC cultures showed that the GF preparation at 10% and 0.1% (v/v), respectively, could successfully replace 10% FBS for cell proliferation. Cell-stimulating activity of HPGF on HEK293A was over twice that of PC releasates. CONCLUSION STANDARDIZED and functional virally inactivated HPGF can be prepared from human PC for possible applications in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Lu TH, Lin YC, Chen YF, Huang KF. Observation and analysis of coherent optical waves emitted from large-Fresnel number degenerate cavities. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:3007-3015. [PMID: 19219205 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.003007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the coherent optical waves emitted from large-Fresnel-number degenerate cavities persistently display a sort of salient intensity variations. We use the representation of the coherent states to explore the origin of the salient intensity variations and find that these coherent laser waves arise from a quadrature superposition of two degenerate coherent states. With the analytical representation of the superposed coherent states, we verify that these coherent laser waves possess a large angular momentum per photon.
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Wang SY, Chen HC, Liu JR, Lin YC, Chen MJ. Identification of yeasts and evaluation of their distribution in Taiwanese Kefir and Viili starters. J Dairy Sci 2009; 91:3798-805. [PMID: 18832201 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate yeast communities in kefir grains and viili starters in Taiwan through conventional microbiological cultivation and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The DNA sequencing was used as a validity technique to ensure that all isolates within each group belonged to just one species, and to confirm the identified results of PCR-DGGE. Results indicated that a combination of conventional microbiological cultivation with PCR-DGGE and sequencing could successfully identify 4 yeast species from both types of cultures in Taiwan. Kluyveromyces marxianus, Saccharomyces turicensis, and Pichia fermentans were found in Taiwanese kefir grains with a distribution of 76, 22, and 2%, respectively, whereas Klu. marxianus, Saccharomyces unisporus and P. fermentans were identified in viili starters corresponding to 58, 11, and 31% of the total cell counts, respectively. Furthermore, the culture-independent method was applied to identify the yeast species using DGGE. Only 2 yeast species, Klu. marxianus and S. turicensis, were found in kefir grains and 2, Klu. marxianus and P. fermentans, in viili starters. These results suggest that in samples containing multiple species, PCR-DGGE may fail to detect some species. Sequences of yeast isolates reported in this study have been deposited in the GenBank database under accession nos. DQ139802, AF398485, DQ377652, and AY007920.
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Lu TH, Lin YC, Chen YF, Huang KF. Three-dimensional coherent optical waves localized on trochoidal parametric surfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:233901. [PMID: 19113555 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.233901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically demonstrate that the three-dimensional (3D) coherent laser waves formed by the degenerate Laguerre-Gaussian modes with different longitudinal indices are well localized on rotating trochoidal parametric surfaces. We further use a large-Fresnel-number laser system to realize the existence of the laser modes related to trochoidal coherent states. Experimental results reveal that the exotic laser modes generally originate from a superposition of two degenerate standing-wave trochoidal coherent states.
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Lin YC, Goto S, Tateno C, Nakano T, Cheng YF, Jawan B, Kao YH, Hsu LW, Lai CY, Yoshizato K, Chen CL. Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in livers following hepatectomy prolongs survival of allogeneic hepatocytes after transplantation. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:2706-8. [PMID: 18929841 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which catalyzes the breakdown of tryptophan into kyneurenine, has immunologic significance for the induction of maternal tolerance and liver allograft tolerance by inhibiting T-cell activation. In the present study, we compared survival of syngeneic or allogeneic hepatocytes in livers with or without hepatectomy. Subsequently, we investigated gene expression and localization of IDO in the recipient liver. METHODS DA and Fisher 344 rats were used in the following experimental groups: group 1, DA hepatocytes transplanted into hepatectomized Fisher 344 rats; group 2, Fisher 344 hepatocytes transplanted into hepatectomized Fisher 344 rats; group 3, DA hepatocytes transplanted into nonhepatectomized Fisher 344 rats; and group 4, Fisher 344 hepatocytes transplanted into nonhepatectomized Fisher 344 rats. After transplantation, the surviving cells were evaluated on day 5. The IDO signal of the recipient liver was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In the hepatectomized groups subjected to allogeneic or syngeneic hepatocyte transplantation, the number of surviving hepatocytes was greater than in the nonhepatectomized group after transplantation. The IDO signals (RT-PCR) in the hepatectomized groups were stronger than those in the nonhepatectomized groups. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the IDO signal is located in liver antigen-presenting cells, such as Kupffer cells or dendritic cells, and not expressed in hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that IDO is induced in antigen-presenting cells of hepatectomized livers by which subsequently transplanted cells may be protected from rejection by inhibiting indirect or direct recognition of donor antigen and further T-cell activation.
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Lin YC, Lin YW, Hong TM. Crumpling wires in two dimensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:067101. [PMID: 19256980 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.067101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An energy-minimal simulation is proposed to study the patterns and mechanical properties of elastically crumpled wires in two dimensions. Our aim is to describe the behavior at the intermediate occupancy of the cavity so that its radius of gyration is varied up to one twentieth of the wire length. We tuned the bending rigidity and stretching modulus to measure the energy allocation, size-mass exponent, and the stiffness exponent. The mass exponent is shown to be constant at value D_{M}=1.33 , so is the stiffness exponent alpha=-0.25 . But the latter varies with the plasticity parameters s and theta_{p} . These numerical findings agree excellently with the experimental results.
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